It is safe to say that a flight of stairs is one of the most widely used reinforced concrete products in modern construction. This is indirectly confirmed by GOST for reinforced concrete staircases, which offers a fairly simple but complete classification.
Sturdy staircases
The following types can be immediately distinguished:
- Flat flights without frieze steps. Marked as LM
- Ribbed using frieze steps. LMF.
- Ribbed marches using half-platforms. LMP.
In addition to the definition of the span as such, in GOST there is also a definition for all types of landings:
- Flat platforms for the first type, LM.
- Ribbed for LM type.
- Ribbed for LMF type.
- Ribbed platforms and half-platforms for the LMP type.
Application
Taking into account the modern realities of construction work, we can say that reinforced concrete marches and staircases are used in almost any type of building. Starting from the simplest private house with a second floor, and ending with high-rise buildings for public and social purposes (see also the article Elite stairs: beauty that is worth the money paid for it).
This can also include office buildings, in which there is always a huge amount of movement, and, accordingly, dynamic loads are on the span, as well as industrial buildings.
Important! In the private, low-rise sector, the use of a ready-made staircase product saves both time + effort, creating a march by your own actions is a rather laborious process.
Structure
The product is an integral inclined part of the flight of stairs, in which there are several rows of steps. They are mounted on load-bearing beams as well as reinforced concrete. That is, the entire structure is reinforced concrete.
The instruction provides for the structure of the product according to certain standards, including the number of steps. As a rule, the design starts from 3 steps, and the maximum allowed number reaches 18.
As far as dimensions are concerned, there are no clearly defined dimensions. The product is made for a certain type of house, and if this is a multi-storey building, in several entrances, then marches are simply made at the plant for certain parameters.
Nevertheless, it can be clarified that the dimensions of reinforced concrete flights of stairs should be at least 900 mm wide, everything that is less no longer meets not only a comfortable passage, but also does not correspond to the standards of the fire evacuation system.
On the other hand, in length, no one limits, to certain limits, the product, so you can find a fairly wide variety of parameters.
Manufacturing
As it is already clear from the name of the product, the flight of stairs is made of reinforced concrete, respectively, it contains:
- Reinforcement of a certain section or a special mesh.
- High strength concrete.
- Gravel. Typically fines and granite.
- Supplements.
Reinforced concrete flight of stairs is a solid deconstruction that can play a role in the stability of the entire building. This can especially manifest itself in the construction of a private house, when an additional reinforced concrete element connects two levels.
Much also depends on the type of structure, because a march with a half-site gives more opportunities to connect the structure with the load-bearing parts of the house.
In public, office buildings, the strength indicators of reinforced concrete are of decisive importance, because these are places with a constant load.As for industrial facilities, here attention is paid to strength also in terms of vibration, which may be present at production facilities, where it is created by operating units and mechanisms.
Properties
Each product has its own, unique properties and qualities, in relation to staircase structures, these are:
- High strength.
- Low cost, the price of the product allows you to use it almost everywhere.
- Low costs for further operation.
- Simplicity in decoration, any finishing material can be put on the concrete surface.
- Versatility, the design can be used in any structure, any type and purpose.
As for the versatility, you can also give a list of types of marches that determine the areas of use relative to the building itself:
- Interfloor.
- Basement.
- Basements.
- Attic stairs.
That is, the design covers absolutely all options in which it can be used.
Important! Durability, and this is what always comes first in the list of requirements for the march, allows the product to be used even in regions with high seismic activity.
Installation nuances
According to SNiP norms, the structure is mounted at a certain angle, which depends on the number of storeys of the building and the purpose of the stairs.
Any drawing of a reinforced concrete staircase is based on the fact that the maximum permissible length of the passage should be no more than 2 meters. Moreover, if 900 mm is the minimum width of the product, then it is worth clarifying that 90 cm are suitable for buildings up to 2 floors, everything that above requires a width of at least 1200 mm.
In self-construction
In principle, you can make a reinforced concrete march with your own hands. This will require an accurate calculation of the number of steps, the choice of the angle of inclination and the collection of formwork. It is the last point that causes the greatest number of difficulties.
On the other hand, after the formwork, there is nothing difficult in the pouring of concrete and in the manufacture of the reinforcing element.
The simplicity and versatility of the concrete base will allow you to finish the staircase at will, and completely change its appearance. And in the video presented in this article, you will find additional information on this topic.
