Plum Kabardinskaya early - description of the variety, reproduction, care and pruning
Plum - This is one of the most common trees. Its fruits have a pleasant sweet taste and delicate flesh. Often such a tree can be found in gardens, next to apricots, cherries, apple trees and sweet cherries. Plum fruits have many nutrients and beneficial vitamins and minerals.
Content:
- General information about the variety
- Plum care
- Reproduction
- Diseases and pests
- Useful properties and application
General information about the variety
Plum variety Kabardinskaya early is a tree of medium height. A relatively early age of fruiting as early as the 4th year. A mature tree develops a beautiful, round, dense crown.
Blooms plum this variety is early and abundant, usually in late April - early May. For pollination, there is no need to plant another type of plum next to it, since it is self-pollinated. The fruits are medium in size, the average weight of one plum is about 40-45 grams. Their shape is round, wide, the rind is painted in a purple-brown tone. The pulp is yellowish, soft and juicy.
Has a sweet pleasant taste and strong aroma.
A small bone in a mature fruit is easily separated. The tree was bred specifically for the southern regions; it does not tolerate frosty winters. Fruiting is high, but plums are not stored for long, so they must be used in a short time. Transportability is normal.
Plum care
Plum is one of the most demanding trees to care for, so attention should be paid to it more than other similar plants. Choosing the right place and regular watering result in rich harvest and juicy fruits of large size.
Care features:
- Plum is a thermophilic tree. Choose a landing site carefully. She does not like drafts, and during the flowering period should be sheltered from strong winds. The soil must be fertile and have a good drainage system. So that fungal diseases do not appear on the tree, and the fruits ripen well, the place should be warm and receive a large amount of sunlight all day.
- Plum is a moisture-loving plant. Therefore, to get good harvest and juicy fruits need to be watered regularly. This is especially important in a dry year, during such a period, additional moisture is introduced during the period flowering, ovary and fruit pouring. But when the plums are overflowing watering is reduced and subsequently removed completely. This is due to the fact that with an excess of moisture, the fruits can burst and quickly deteriorate.
For planting seedlings it is necessary to prepare a hole in a week, the size of which should be 70 cm in all directions. The earth that they got it must be mixed with wood ash, humus, peat, organic fertilizers and urea. Stir everything and let it brew well. The distance between the pits should be within 4-5 meters so that the seedlings do not interfere with each other during growth and development.
A young tree is placed in the hole so that the roots lie along the entire perimeter, and the root collar looks out a little above the ground. A support is carefully placed near the trunk to which the tree is tied. Further, the pit is filled with prepared soil and compacted.After that, the plum must be well watered, and the hole mulch using peat or sawdust.
Basically, the process of pruning trees is carried out in the spring, usually at the beginning of March.
During this period, the plant is still in a dormant state and this process will not do much harm. To form a beautiful crown with a plant, you need to start practicing already at 3-4 years of age.
At pruning extra branches are removed so that the tree is not too thick. Sick and frostbitten parts are also removed during this period. The first rejuvenation of the tree must be carried out at 8-10 years. This removes old branches to stimulate the growth of the younger and stronger ones. The next such process is recommended by gardeners at the 15th year of the plant's life.
Reproduction
Breeds plum with the help of basal offspring and a stone. In the first case, the process is quite simple, and the daughter plant inherits all the characteristics of the parent plant. In this case, it is worth considering whether the tree has been grafted. In this case, the result will be different.
In mid-spring or late summer, a small basal offspring is selected, the height of which is about 50 cm.
Gardeners recommend paying attention to the plant that is farthest from the main tree, since it practically feeds on its own from the ground. The root is carefully dug out and separated from the mother.
The seedling is placed in a previously prepared hole with mineral and organic fertilizers, well watered and mulched. Usually, with this method of reproduction, the percentage of survival of a new tree is quite high.
To grow a plum from a stone, cooking must begin in the fall:
- From a well-ripe fruit, a seed is obtained, which must be placed in a damp cloth. It must be put in the refrigerator for the winter and the material must be periodically moistened.
- In the spring month, they take it out and plant it in a pot, regularly watering and fertilizing the soil.
- When a sprout appears, care continues for it until it gets stronger.
- Further, the seedling is transferred to a permanent place of growth.
With this method of reproduction, the daughter plant rarely inherits the characteristics of the mother tree.
Diseases and pests
Plum, like other trees in the garden, is susceptible to attack pests and diseases... Therefore, every year in the spring, the trunks and crown of trees are treated with special preparations and insecticides. They are applied in different months, both on bare branches and on young foliage.
Useful properties and application
Plum has a lot of useful properties... It contains a substance such as coumarin. It is responsible for the expansion of the coronary vessels, and also prevents the appearance of blood clots. This fruit is low in calories and can be classified as dietary, therefore it is recommended to be consumed by people prone to such diseases.
Vitamins PP, A, C and D are also part of the plum.
They strengthen the immune system, rid the body of vitamin deficiency and have a beneficial effect on the entire body. And iron, potassium and phosphorus are recommended for people who suffer from hypertensive and heart diseases. The abundance of fiber in this fruit helps to improve the digestive system.
It is used in food mainly fresh. Due to its high taste, it can be classified as one of the best-selling varieties. Also, plum fruits are used in cooking in the preparation of cakes and sweet pastries.
This fruit also makes good compotes, jams and preserves, which are easy to prepare at home and can be stored for 2-3 years in a cold room, subject to all canning rules.
Early Kabardian plum grows well in warm regions and, with proper care, gives a bountiful harvest.
It can grow in every garden and bear its succulent and aromatic fruits annually.Mainly it needs to be protected from severe frosts, otherwise the plant requires the same care as other trees.
More information can be found in the video.