Rowan intermediate: description and characteristics, instructions for self-cultivation

Rowan intermediate, the description of which is presented below, is an ornamental fruit crop used to improve the suburban area.

In addition to its aesthetic qualities, the plant has great benefits for the body and prevents the appearance of many diseases.

What is this plant

The intermediate rowan is one of the floristic symbols of Russia. The berries of the plant are considered decorative. They are often used for setting the table and creating various culinary masterpieces. Rowan is also a useful plant. Its fruits contain a sufficient amount of macronutrients that help restore the body's condition in difficult periods.

Rowan grows in Europe, Asia, the Caucasus. Its habitat is places with a temperate climate. In mountainous areas, the plant transforms into a shrub form. The life span of the tree is up to 80 years. But there are also centenarians who live up to 200 years.

Description and characteristics

Rowan intermediate in Russia sprouts in the form of a tree, which reaches a length of 20 m. It has a spreading rounded crown and a smooth gray-brown bark. The leaves of the plant are up to 20 cm long, they are arranged in the next order. During the flowering period, they are colored bright green. When warm days give way to cool ones, the foliage hue changes to red and yellow.

Rowan inflorescences are five-membered flowers that have a diameter of up to 10 cm. They are located on young shoots. The fruits of the plant are colored red and orange, their shape is spherical, the size is up to 1 cm in diameter. On the palate, the berries have a bitter-sour aftertaste. They appear on branches in mid-late September.

Rowan is planted at home. She begins to bear fruit several years after planting. During active growth, that is, at 10-12 years of age, it is possible to reach a yield of up to 100 kg per tree. The berries of the plant are enriched with a large amount of mineral components and macronutrients. They are used to prevent and treat many diseases.

Distribution in nature

Rowan can be classified as a frost-resistant crop. Therefore, it grows in places with a harsh climate and unfavorable weather conditions. Most often, the tree can be found in the vastness of northern Europe and Asia. Experts say that rowan grows even beyond the Arctic Circle.

In the wild, the crop grows singly or in groups of small bushes. The most favorable place for growth is the mountain slopes and edges. The plant loves nourished and fertilized soils; on dry soil, it slows down growth and ceases to bear fruit.

How to grow intermediate rowan

This plant is most common in Europe. But today it can be planted in Russia as well. The tree is unpretentious in maintenance and does not require special wellness procedures in the off-season.

The necessary conditions

Before landing procedure it is worth familiarizing yourself with the main requirements for the procedure:

• The most favorable period for planting mountain ash is September or October.
• Although the plant is not demanding on the composition of the soil, it is better if it is planted in acidic or sandy soil.
• The most suitable place for growth is the illuminated areas of the summer cottage.
• When choosing seedlings, you should pay attention to their root system. It must be strong and durable, and also have several branches. The root should not be too dry. This indicates a possible plant disease.

It is better to plant rowan on cloudy days or on days without the scorching sun. You can complete the procedure in the late afternoon.

Planting instructions

Before planting seedlings, it is worth examining them for dry and rotten fragments. If there are any, it is best to remove them with scissors. It is worth noting that for good growth and convenient watering, the bushes need to be planted at a distance of at least 3 meters from each other. How to carry out the procedure step by step:

1. Determine the place for the holes and dig holes with a shovel, their depth should reach 60 cm.
2. Mix the dug earth with ash and humus, pour the resulting solution onto the bottom of the pit.
3. Sprinkle a little earth on top of the hole and pour 1 bucket of water into it.
4. Treat the root system of the seedlings with a clay talker.
5. Plant the seedling in the hole and sprinkle with clean earth. The resulting workpiece must be tamped.
6. Pour 1 bucket of water and wait until the liquid is absorbed into the ground.

When the time has come, you will need to feed the soil with peat or humus. Gardeners advise to shorten rowan shoots after planting.

Further care

In the summer, when many insects begin to activate, mountain ash is endangered. Pests can lead the plant to disease and poor fruiting. Therefore, gardeners recommend regularly reviewing tree branches, pruning and watering in a timely manner. Although mountain ash is resistant to poor growing conditions, it still needs regular moisture. Therefore, after watering, the soil must be regularly loosened to ensure quick access of moisture to the root system.

In the fall, the tree needs to be prepared for winter. For this, sanitary pruning is carried out, during which dry branches and rotten fragments are cut off. Without pruning, the plant grows upward in a chaotic manner, leading to yield problems. For wintering, plants do not need to be covered and protected from the cold. Young shrubs must be hilled. This can be done with dry leaves or spruce branches.

Preventive treatment is carried out during early spring. Before the growing season, it is recommended to spray young bushes with Bordeaux liquid. This helps prevent harmful insects from growing on the leaves. Also in early March, it is recommended to feed the soil with mineral fertilizers. They provide good growth, high yields and strong immunity. After harvesting, in the fall, the soil must be treated with superphosphate, which prepares the crop for wintering.

The main watering period occurs in early spring, when the tree begins to bloom actively. Pour at least 2 buckets of water for each seedling. Water is poured into special holes made around the trunk of the plant. After the procedures, the earth is loosened with a rake. This helps moisture to reach the root system of the seedlings faster.

As it grows, it is worth making sure that the rowan shoots do not grow too densely. For active fruit formation, sunlight must penetrate directly into the depths of the shrub. If this does not happen due to the density of the shoots, then there are fewer berry clusters on the tree.

Reproduction

The plant propagates in several ways: by seeds, cuttings, dividing, grafting. Most often, gardeners use the cuttings method. To do this, you need to cut off the ripe shoots of mountain ash in early autumn and prepare them for subsequent planting. The size of the shoot should be up to 20 cm. They are planted next to each other, leaving 2 or 3 buds on the ground. After planting, the soil is fed with peat.

Reproduction with green cuttings takes place in the presence of a cold greenhouse. It can be made at home.There should be a layer of wet sand as a soil in the greenhouse. What to do for reproduction:

1. Cut the cuttings in early autumn, up to 15 cm long.
2. Make special incisions in the kidneys with a sharp knife.
3. Leave the shoots in the stimulating solution overnight with the roots down.
4. In the morning, rinse them and plant them in the sand. The optimum distance between seedlings is up to 5 cm.
5. Mulch the soil and cover the workpiece with a transparent dome.

Periodically, it is required to ventilate the planted shoots to ensure stable air circulation. After 3 weeks, you can start feeding with organic fertilizers. For example, mulch or manure.

Wintering

Rowan is considered a frost-resistant plant that can withstand temperatures down to -35 °. Therefore, sheltering shrubs for the winter is not required. However, this rule does not apply to young shrubs with a fragile root system. To protect them from cold weather, they must be insulated with leaves. If the air temperature in the inhabited area drops below -35 ° C, then adult shrubs will have to be sheltered. How to complete the procedure:

1. Spud the seedlings with earth, make a small hill around the trunk of the plant.
2. Insulate the near-stem area with dry leaves.

In regions with a harsh climate, young bushes are pressed to the soil and covered with earth.

Possible problems

Most often, rowan is affected by the following pathologies:

• Bark rot. It appears due to the defeat of the trunk by a fungal infection. The problem is eliminated with the help of fungicides with which the tree is treated in early spring. If the fungus has infected most of the bush, it will need to be dug up and burned.
• Moniliosis. Pathology affects the fruit. They become soft, rotten and lethargic. Moniliosis can be identified by a light bloom on the berries. If the affected fruits are not removed before wintering, during the cold weather they can infect branches and shoots, which will lead to no yield. At the first suspicion of pathology, it is worth treating the tree with Bordeaux solution.
• Grebenshik. This is a fungal disease that appears due to an unstable root system. You can identify the infection by the white bloom on the branches. If a fungus occurs, the affected branches are recommended to be broken off and burned.

Rowan is also attacked by pests during the growing season. The most common are:

• Brown tick. Ticks appear on fruit crops during the period of active flowering. They destroy the leaves of the plant and its berries. To eliminate pests, it is necessary to carry out processing with special means. It is best to do preventive spraying in early spring.
• Green aphid. An insect that predominantly affects young seedlings. Aphids feed on rowan juice, which is why it takes away its vitality and lowers immunity. The insect also carries serious viral diseases.

To prevent the appearance of aphids, treatment with Bordeaux solution is used before the active flowering of the tree.

Use in landscape design

Rowan is a spectacular plant that is used for ennobling territories. Since the bushes tolerate frost well, they are planted in a certain location in a summer cottage or garden plot. So in the fall, beautiful yellow and red crowns are observed on the territory, which complement the gloomy autumn landscapes.

Most often, the tree is planted next to other plants. An excellent combination for mountain ash - willow, ash. It looks good with flowering shrubs and exotic trees. To improve the territory, designers advise planting several types of mountain ash at the same time. This will create a contrast against the background of different shades of fruits, leaves and shrub shapes.

Medicinal properties and use in traditional medicine

Rowan fruits and leaves are widely used in folk medicine. On their basis, infusions and decoctions are made, which help to cure many serious diseases. What are the benefits of a tree:

• Enriches with useful vitamins. Prevents the appearance of vitamin deficiency in the winter.
• Strengthens the structure of bone and muscle tissue, increases efficiency.
• Prevents the development of cardiovascular pathologies and improves vascular function.
• Restores metabolism, stomach function, cleanses the intestines.
• Removes toxins from the liver.
• It has a diuretic effect, cleans the gallbladder.
• Prevents the development of bacterial infections.
• Lowers blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.

In addition, rowan is a plant that helps prevent aging. Decoctions based on it are used for washing and wiping the face. It provides collagen replenishment, elimination of wrinkles and early signs of aging.

Rowan is a robust and unpretentious tree that grows in northern Europe and Asia. For good yields, the plant must be regularly fed, watered and pruned. This will ensure rapid growth and prevent the appearance of serious pathologies.

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