Painting surfaces with washable water-based paint

What to choose

With moisture-resistant painting of bathrooms, the walls of which are finished with plaster coatings, plastic, concrete, plywood, acrylic paints will have undoubted advantages. For finishing plaster or drywall, but with low requirements for durability, it is permissible to use water-based paint. When finishing external surfaces, metal (for example, roofing), the use of polyurethane or rubber paints will be ideal. Latex is suitable for painting metals, glass and reinforced concrete, while alkyd enamels can be very effective on basement walls.

Types and purpose of acrylic paints

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In the conditions of modern technological development, many new products appear on the Krasnoyarsk market. This also affected the direction of paints and varnishes.

If only yesterday, water-dispersion and acrylic paints were intended only for painting ceilings and walls indoors, today such compositions are in the same row, and sometimes they are replacing alkyd and oil compositions.

As a result of active development, acrylic compounds can be used for painting the facades of buildings, metal structures in Krasnoyarsk, wooden buildings, etc.

As you know, acrylic paints and enamels have a number of advantages over alkyd and oil compositions:

• environmental friendliness
• fire safety
• lack of chemical solvents in the composition
• easy tinting
• lack of smell
• simplicity and ease of application
• affordability

Here is an incomplete list of advantages for which you can opt for using the above paints.

All acrylic and water-dispersion paints and enamels are made from an aqueous dispersion of acrylic copolymers, with the addition of marble microcalcite and titanium dioxide. These materials are absolutely harmless to humans.

Such compositions can be divided into the following groups:

• Water-based paints
• Acrylic varnishes and enamels
• Acrylic primers

Divided by type of appointment

• For interior work (interior, for ceilings,) - these paints are intended for interior use. Suitable for painting walls and ceilings in Krasnoyarsk premises with normal humidity.
• Washable. Such paints are used for painting walls and ceilings in rooms with high dynamic loads.

  Resistant to washing. When washing, detergents and abrasives with a minimum grain size can be used.

• Facade. Resistant to external factors (UV - radiation, rain, snow, hail, etc.), especially durable paints. They are used for painting the facades of buildings, as well as rooms with frequent temperature changes. Available in two versions.

  Summer and winter. They have excellent adhesion to concrete, wood, brick, etc. pr. Perfectly tinted.

• For exterior and interior work - universal paints that can be used both indoors and outdoors. Less resistant to washing. But they have a large margin of safety against sudden temperature changes.

All water-dispersible compositions are available in 3 versions (bases). Base A - white or snow-white paints, can be used for tinting in light, dim shades. Base B (medium) - compositions with a lower percentage of whiteness. Used for mid-tone tinting.

Base C - transparent or translucent.

Such paints are used for tinting in brighter and more saturated colors.

Acrylic enamels and varnishes

These compositions are a complete analogue of alkyd enamels such as PF, NTs, HV, etc. Suitable for painting various surfaces (concrete, wood, metal, brick, etc.)

They are odorless. Dry quickly. Available in white or colored versions.

Perfectly tinted both manually and with the help of computer tinting. Ideal for painting walls in children's and hospitals, as well as playgrounds, as they are fireproof and environmentally friendly, resistant to washing and various aggressive environments.

Available in 2 types, matte and glossy.

Acrylic varnishes are ideal for covering wooden or stone surfaces, including baths and saunas, since they do not emit substances hazardous to the human body when heated. Dry quickly.

Acrylic primers

These are compositions for intermediate application between layers of finishing materials. They are used to improve adhesion and strengthen substrates. Available in 2 versions. Primers are ready-made, primers are concentrated, such require dilution with water according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

There are also primers with various anti-fungal additives.

They are used for work in damp rooms and exclude the further occurrence of mold and mildew. There are also adhesive primers. These are quartz-filled primers used for better adhesion on weak or low adhesion substrates.

All acrylics are approved by the Ministry of Health and are suitable for use in most premises and institutions.

The use of color

Water-based paint is easy to tint. You can do this yourself. Many people use this method in order to save money, because the price of a white mixture is much lower, and there are much more opportunities when choosing a color.

You can achieve the desired shade on your own:

• Calculate the paint consumption as accurately as possible (with a small margin), since you will not be able to achieve the same color again.
• We add color to the composition in small portions, stirring constantly.
• If it seems to you that the desired shade has been achieved, do not rush to paint a large area. First, test the composition on a small, inconspicuous area, and then wait until it dries completely so that the color can show itself.
• After a satisfactory result, move on to larger volumes.

The choice of colors must be done very carefully. In small rooms, it is better to use light shades, since such a palette visually expands the area.

If you paint the walls in dark colors and the ceiling in light colors, then the room will look narrow. This method is used with low ceilings. Do not use more than two colors in the same room.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint

This type of paint and varnish material is the most inexpensive, but it is of high quality, which is why it is so popular. It is made on the basis of PVA. It is used exclusively for painting indoor ceilings and walls. The main positive properties are:

• absence of harmful ingredients in the composition;
• complete safety in relation to fires and explosions;
• drying in a short time;
• the possibility of obtaining a matte and glossy effect after adding special substances.

It fits perfectly on a flat surface, intended for staining:

• wood;
• cardboard;
• plaster and other porous materials.

There are some disadvantages that can be felt if used incorrectly. The main ones are moisture susceptibility and a ban on use in wet rooms. In this case, she has a low resistance.

Technical characteristics must be taken into account before purchasing this type of paints and varnishes. They mean:

• composition;
• specific gravity;
• consumption;
• viscosity;
• shelf life;
• storage conditions.

The specific gravity of the moisture-resistant water-based paint is approximately 1.35 kg / l. For 1 layer approximately 150-200 ml / m² are consumed. The number of layers is influenced by the absorption capacity of the substrate. The viscosity of a water-based paint is called an indicator that determines the degree of dilution of the coloring composition with water. There is a viscometer to measure it. The indicator is considered normal when applied:

• spray gun - from 20 to 25;
• brushes - from 40 to 45.

Humidity and air temperature affect drying time.It can range from 2 hours to a day. The best temperature, which has a positive effect on the coloring of rooms, is considered to be + 20 ° C, with a humidity of 65%.

According to the requirements, such coloring compositions are intended for external and internal work in dry and damp rooms. Depending on the purpose, it should be used. If you paint wet surfaces with dry room material, it will not last for several months and vice versa. Not less important when choosing a paint job and appearance.

Manufacturers produce water-based compositions that make the coating:

• matte;
• silky matte;
• glossy.

Matte and silky matt paints and varnishes are well suited for painting wallpaper and ceilings. Matte paint hides the smallest flaws. But it must be borne in mind that such are not resistant to abrasion, which means that it is not recommended to wash them often.

Even very small errors become noticeable under the glossy water-based paint after its application. This means that the surface must be thoroughly prepared before application.

What properties are in demand in the first place

Taking into account the noticeable labor costs for painting the walls (if it is not possible to purchase or rent a spray gun for a while), the main consumer advantage of the coloring composition is its hiding power. This is the consumption of material per unit area of ​​walls and / or ceilings in the bathroom and other rooms. However, there are other requirements as well.

1. Environmental Safety. The composition of the substance must be free of toxic components. It is for this reason that oil compositions so popular in the Soviet past, despite their cheapness, are gradually disappearing into oblivion.
2. Convenience of application technology on the painted surface. That is why nitro-based dyes are used less and less - if you can somehow temporarily put up with their pungent odor using intensive ventilation of the premises, then the instant drying of such paints and varnishes on the walls of rooms or on glass requires truly jewelry painting skills. It will no longer be possible to correct the wrong stroke.
3. Durability. The coating on the walls must be resistant to fading under the influence of sunlight, as well as adhere well to a prepared base (after all, a primer is an obligatory component of all preparatory work).
4. Hygiene. The painted surface should completely detach the finishing surface from the base (concrete, wood, plaster), otherwise dust and dirt will accumulate in the pores very quickly, and fungi will also accumulate in the bathroom, causing the formation of stubborn mold on the walls.
5. Aesthetic effect. First of all, this applies to living rooms, which are relatively rarely painted. But even for technical rooms - kitchens, bathrooms, bathrooms - the visual impression must be positive.

Despite the above factors, the main thing for household paint is its moisture resistance. The water-resistant composition not only provides easy and pleasant maintenance of the wall or ceiling, but also protects against possible troubles associated, for example, with a sudden flooding of the bathroom by neighbors from above or a breakthrough of pipes of a water heating system.

Unfortunately, universal moisture resistant paint is an ideal concept. For each of the types of surfaces - plywood, glass, metal, concrete, plastic, wood - a certain composition of paint and varnish can be recommended, the choice of which is determined by the specific operating conditions of the room.

Types of water-based paints and their scope

Types of paints and varnishes are distinguished by the polymers included in the composition.

Types of water-based paint.

Water-based materials are of the following types:

• polyvinyl acetate;
• mineral;
• silicate;
• acrylic;
• latex;
• silicone.

According to the area of ​​use, they are divided into soil, facade and interior decoration.

Primers are used to increase the adhesion of the substrate to be painted, to strengthen the substrate, and to eliminate minor defects.

Facade must be resistant to adverse external factors and abrasion, not afraid of UV and microorganisms. There are special requirements for compositions for internal work, but their water resistance may be low.

Polyvinyl acetate

They were the first to be used for the manufacture of paints. At room temperature, this polymer is solid, and plasticizers provide flexibility to it. The composition additionally contains stabilizers and pigments. It is sold as a ready-to-use one-component composition that does not need to be prepared by mixing before starting work.

Water-based emulsion is used more often for staining indoors. It contains no solvents. It dissolves well in water, forms an elastic coating, has good adhesion and does not have an unpleasant odor.

Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint.

Properties of polyvinyl acetate compounds:

• increased resistance to wear factors;
• not harmful;
• fire safety;
• durability of the shade;
• you can hide defects up to 1 mm;
• long operational period;
• prevention of the formation of fungus and mold.

Mineral

Mineral formulations contain cement or lime. Their advantage is the ability to use on any surface. They are well suited for walls and ceilings in an apartment. Can be used outdoors. The disadvantage of such a composition is a short period of service.

The advantages are also high strength, moisture resistance, resistance to mineral oils, fats. Such paint is not afraid of sunny color, it does not peel off over time.

Silicate

A silicate water emulsion is made from liquid glass with the addition of pigments. Differs in excellent air and vapor impermeability and long service life - up to 20 years. Well suited for buildings with unstable groundwater.

The consumption of the composition is small - up to 300 ml / m². The density depends on the method of application, for a paint brush it is lower than for a spray. It is used for facades and interior decoration. The downside is how much such paint dries. This takes about a day.

Acrylic

Acrylic water-based paint.

Acrylic is the most common. The base contains acrylic resins. Additionally, latex can be used. They can be glossy, matte for painting walls and ceilings.

Key benefits:

• quick drying, with the exception of the most budgetary types;
• resistance to ultraviolet light, mechanical factors of influence;
• moisture resistance;
• non-toxicity.

The product has good adhesion to a wide variety of substrates. Can be applied over old paint if it cannot be removed without compromising performance.

Latex

Latex water-based paints and varnishes have become widespread due to maintaining the microclimate in the room. They comply with GOST standards, have a good price, and are safe for use inside the building.

Latex composition can be used to paint concrete, brick surfaces, wallpaper, plaster. Suitable for ceiling decoration. The paint creates a moisture resistant coating that can be washed with water. Included in the class of safe non-combustible materials.

The disadvantages will be poor resistance to ultraviolet light, lack of protection against fungus, intolerance to subzero temperatures. Peels off in unfavorable conditions.

Silicone

Application of water-based silicone paint.

Water-based silicone paint is a mixture of persistent silicate and acrylic emulsions. Has improved characteristics due to the content of emulsified resin.

It is used for cement substrates, bricks, plastered surfaces, stone, drywall. Distinguish between interior and front types.

Silicone emulsions are water resistant, do not allow steam to pass through, and prevent the formation of mold and mildew.

Popular brands

In order for heat-resistant paint for a stove, barbecue or fireplace to please the eye for a long time and perform all its protective functions, you should choose it correctly, taking into account all the surface features. Among the most popular manufacturers who have already established themselves in the market of finishing materials, we can note:

• Tikkurila, Thermal series (Finland) - the line includes paints that can withstand temperatures from 100 to 1000 degrees.
• Spectrum, Certa series (Russia) - produce finishing materials that can withstand temperatures up to 650 degrees. Heat-resistant paint is produced in cylinders, cans and buckets. The manufacturer offers a choice of 26 of the most popular shades, the most persistent of which is black;
• Kudo (Russia) is a cheap analogue of the Certa series, since the materials are similar in their basic properties. Heat-resistant enamel from this manufacturer is presented in a palette of 20 colors;
• Hansa (Lithuania) - used for painting metal surfaces that are subject to heating up to 800 degrees. Available in enamel form;
• New tone (Ukraine) - suitable for processing metal parts of stoves, fireplaces, barbecues. The maximum allowable temperature is 800 degrees. Available in aerosol cans.

Thanks to the huge variety of finishing materials, it is now possible to design any surface that is exposed to heating, bright and unusual. Moreover, thermal paints will protect metal, stone or brick from the negative effects of external factors for a long time.

You may also be interested in:

Features of the use of heat-resistant paints.

To use them correctly, you need to understand the differences between enamels and paints, as well as what they are. For example, enamel in its structure is a suspension, which is based on varnish with pigments or a mixture with certain fillers. In the process of drying, heat-resistant enamels form an outwardly opaque hard film, the texture of such a film can be different (glossy, matte, etc.).

Any heat-resistant composition serves to create coatings (external) and they cope with this task quite well, even better than standard paints. Heat-resistant paints, in addition to their thermal properties, also meet all the requirements of aesthetic qualities and are able to resist the aggressive factors of the environment that surrounds us.

If you apply heat-resistant enamel to the surface, then a dense film coating is formed on it, such a coating differs from ordinary paint coatings in its physical and chemical properties, and this coating will also differ in its hardness and elasticity.

In order to use heat-resistant paints optimally, you need to have a complete understanding of what this type of paint is, and also know how these types differ from each other.

Thermal paints are very often used for painting fireplaces and stoves, as well as for other surfaces that are exposed to elevated temperatures.

Latex based water-based paint

Latex paint penetrates deep into the structure of the wood surface and creates a waterproof film

Most are sure that it is possible to paint a wood surface with high quality using oil paint. But it smells harsh, which can cause some harm to health. Not many people know that a similar effect can be achieved using a latex-based aqua emulsion. It easily seeps into the tree and forms a moisture-proof film. This is how the water-based paint forms a coating that can be easily washed - just wipe it with a wet cloth.

A definite plus to such paint is added by the fact that the applied layer allows air to pass through during drying, which prevents the formation of bubbles on the surface.Of the minuses, one can single out the fact that cracks may appear at low temperatures. In this case, it is better not to paint the furniture located in the room, which is repeatedly ventilated during the cold season.

Washable water-based latex paint

Water-based acrylic paints

This is a fairly popular paint for wooden windows. It has high technical characteristics, the price of the material makes it affordable for buyers. The main substance is acrylic resin diluted with plain water. The paint is odorless, well suited for wood products, does not emit harmful substances.

The positive properties include the economy of paint, the ability to dry quickly, the ability to form a plastic coating, due to which the paint layer is not disturbed by temperature extremes. If you use colors, you can get any desired shade. In the sun, the paint does not fade, does not lose color saturation. The material is not afraid of low temperatures, moisture, suitable for use both outdoors and indoors.

acrylic water-dispersion enamel for windows

Window frame paint can also contain other additives that increase its performance, for example, various antiseptics to combat fungi and mold. With the addition of certain components, the material can become a serious obstacle to fire.

When covering the frame with fire retardant, cover other window components with it; do not forget about the window sill, slopes, and other structural elements, which also consist of wood and may be damaged in case of fire.

If the window includes metal elements, you cannot use paint designed for wood on them. For them, you should choose a similar one, but designed specifically for metal structures. For example, Polistil can be attributed to high-quality fire retardant paints.

Colors for acrylic paint

Types of water-based paint

Today, various types of water-based paints are on sale, differing both in composition and in manufacturer.

Polyvinyl acetate

This paint is made according to the oil-in-water principle. The main component of the composition is an aqueous emulsion with polyvinyl acetate. Coloring pigments, stabilizers and plasticizers are used as additives.

It is used for both facade and interior work, the drying time at a temperature of 18-22 degrees is 2-3 hours. Produced in accordance with GOST 28196-89. Density - 1.38 kg / l.

Basic properties:

• the paint is easily applied and diluted with water to the required consistency;
• non-toxic and odorless;
• resistant to mold and mildew;
• fireproof and high-quality adhesion.

Acrylic

Acrylic paint - can be called an improved version of the water-based mixture, due to the content in its composition of special binding elements - polyacrylates.

These substances give the paint higher technical characteristics. The main component of the paint is acrylic resins; latex is often added to it to increase elasticity.

The main feature of the acrylic mixture is that it is not washed off, unlike other types of water emulsion. Scope of application - external and internal work.

Drying time depends on the manufacturer and can range from 40 minutes to 6 hours. Manufactured in accordance with GOST 19214-80 and is intended for surface finishing of concrete, brick (plastered and unplastered), primed metal. The density is 1.46 g / cm3.

Paint properties:

• elasticity;
• resistance to fading and alkalis;
• frost resistance;
• vapor permeability;
• long service life.

Latex

It is the same acrylic mixture, but with the addition of new polymers that give it special qualities.Latex paint has a higher resistance to moisture, which allows it to be used for wall decoration in any premises, as well as for facade work.

It is an aqueous solution of film-forming latexes containing a suspension of pigments and fillers.

The paint is resistant to moisture, has a vapor permeability, low fire hazard, dries up within 2 hours. It can be used to create both glossy and silky surfaces. Density - 1.3-1.4 kg / l.

Silicate

Consists of an aqueous solution, liquid glass and colored pigments. The service life is at least 20 years. Silicate paint is characterized by vapor and air permeability, strength and elasticity, resistant to atmospheric agents.

It is used for painting brick, concrete and plastered surfaces.

When working with this material, protective equipment (overalls, glasses) should be used, since the paint has caustic properties and even corrodes glass.

Drops falling on the skin should be washed off immediately. The density of the paint is due to the density of the potassium water glass added to it, which can vary from 1.15 to 1.18 g / cm3. The use time of the finished composition is limited and is about 8 hours.

The main disadvantages of the paint are flammability and high toxicity. Produced in accordance with GOST 18958-71.

Silicone

Silicone resins serve as the basis for the material. The paint is suitable for almost all types of surfaces and is capable of bridging cracks up to 2 mm. Withstands up to 5000 wash cycles.

Density - 1.62 g / cm3, drying time to the touch - 1 hour, complete drying can be up to 24 hours.

Paint properties:

• vapor permeability;
• resistance to pollution;
• elasticity;
• waterproofness.

Manufacturers sometimes add substances to the paint composition, thanks to which the material acquires additional properties. Among these types of products, you can find fire retardant silicone paints.

Properties

Water-based paint is distinguished by a unique
application technology. From the point of view of the person applying the paint, the process
painting takes place the same, but at the molecular level serious
composition changes. Before application, the paint is water with many
additives mixed in it. These particles are not dissolved in water, but simply stirred.
in it, and being in this state, do not interact with each other.

When applied to a surface,
significant composition change:

• water evaporates, activating particles
  paints;
• binders converge,
  turning into an even uniform layer;
• hardeners give the coating
  relative stiffness.

Considering that the solvent in similar types
paints are water, no harmful and toxic substances are emitted during evaporation.
The fire hazard of painting works is also minimized.

Another clear advantage is
durability and the ability to apply a new layer directly to the old paint. Front
applying a new layer does not require any special treatment or removal
old paint (provided that the old coating was not oily).

Negative property of water-based emulsion
paint is the effect of corrosion when pure metal comes into contact with water. But
a number of manufacturers, using modern additives, have established the production of paint,
minimizing such consequences.

Composition

The exact composition will vary depending on
paint manufacturer and its purpose, and, as a rule, is kept by the company in
secret. But, without going into the smallest details, it can be argued that any
water-based paint consists of the following components:

• 40-60% water and dissolved in it
  film former;
• 30-40% fillers and coloring pigments;
• 5-10% plasticizers;
• 5-10% other additives.

To create facade paints, always use
antifreeze designed to withstand freezing temperatures, and acrylic
resins to give elasticity to the finished paint layer. Also apply
ultraviolet and infrared filters to prevent damage,
caused by solar activity. Waterproof
paint is obtained by adding synthetic rubber to the composition or
analogs.

Shelf life

The shelf life directly depends on the storage conditions.
Manufacturers guarantee the complete safety of the product for at least 6
months, the same period is fixed by the current GOST. The paint should be stored in
sealed original packaging without exposure to sunlight.
The storage temperature is strictly positive, from +5 to + 30 ° С. Allowed
transposition at low temperatures, but not more than 1 month.

In fact, the paint is stored at least twice
longer, and some manufacturers still indicate on the packaging a period of 12
months. After this period, the paint will begin to lose its properties, but for local
works, many also use 2-year-old remnants of already open paint. Requirements
it is better to observe the temperature regime, because a significant part of the paint is water,
which can turn into ice.

Viscosity in DIN

According to the current GOST, the viscosity
water-based paints is at least 30din. Overwhelming
most manufacturers supply paint with a viscosity of 50-60 and more, for
subsequent dilution with a solvent. Measurements must be carried out at
paint and ambient temperature within 18-22 ° С, otherwise indicators
will not be true.

Depending on the method of applying the paint,
the optimal viscosity of the composition will also change:

• 20-25 when using
  spray gun;
• 30-40 for roller
• 40-50 for a brush.

When diluted with water-based paint with water
it is recommended to use only distilled water. Plain water from
under the tap or the nearest body of water is not suitable because of the contained in its composition
various impurities. When applying paint with similar water to the surface, after
evaporation of water will leave white marks and streaks.