Layout and construction of a one-story foam block house

Typical designs of houses from single-storey foam blocks

Choosing a ready-made project of a house from foam blocks with a terrace, you can reduce the cost of drawing up a new individual one. In this case, the customer is allowed to make free edits to the layout of the building.

The advantages of standard solutions are obvious:

1. Reduced time wasted. The need to create complex circuits and carry out mathematical calculations disappears, since all the parameters are already specified in the project.
2. The location of communications is provided taking into account the optimal requirements.
3. There are all the rooms that are necessary for a comfortable stay of several people. Moreover, all parts of the room are well combined.
4. The customer is allowed to make changes to the scope of the project.

Examples of layouts

There are a lot of ready-made layouts of foam block houses. For a classic building with dimensions of 10x10 m, it is customary to choose the entrance on the right side. The compact vestibule will be combined with the hall, which is adjoined by the dining room, living room and kitchen. Such zoning allows you to save square meters of free space and abandon the use of partitions.

The spacious room has 3 windows, thanks to which it is well filled with light. There is a boiler room and a bathroom on the right. On the left side there are 3 bedrooms - 2 for children and one for adult family members. Based on this layout, you can build a comfortable house for a family of 4-5 people.

Projects of larger houses provide for a terrace where you can relax in the warm season. To improve the convenience of living, the house is divided into 3 parts - the largest is positioned in the center. It is a spacious room without enclosing structures.

Ways to increase living space

Often, the owners of one-story dwellings complain about the lack of free space inside the premises, and the expansion of the area is impossible due to the peculiarities of the site.

In such cases, you can use a little trick and fix the situation:

1. Use the recessed tape as a foundation on which the basement or basement room will be held.
2. Change the geometry of the roof to equip the attic.
3. Modify the shape of the building to be rectangular or square. This allows you to use every meter of free space as efficiently as possible.
4. Attach closed terraces or verandas.

The maximum increase in free space is possible when combining the attic floor with the basement.

Blueprints

The construction of any house begins with a competent drawing up of a project and a detailed drawing indicating all the constituent details of the future building. It is during the design of a dwelling that its layout is developed. Consider several attractive projects of one-story foam block houses.

If you want to build a small house in the country, then you will like the project of a neat structure 7x9 m:

• it can be built on a strip-monolithic foundation;
• for external walls, it is permissible to use a combination of foam blocks and aerated blocks;
• floors are made of reinforced concrete;
• for a simple gable roof, metal tiles are suitable.

Conventionally, such a building can be divided into two halves. On the left side there is room for a small bedroom of 9 sq. m. Directly in front of it, it is worth placing a more spacious hall, combined with a kitchen located on the right side of the dwelling (this area will occupy 23.7 sq. m.). Behind the kitchen on the right, you need to allocate a small space for the boiler room (2.5 sq. M).

The last room on this side will be a combined bathroom of 2.9 sq. m. The area near the front door and the door leading to the backyard should be continued with small hallways of 4.1 and 3.1 sq. m (for the back door). In such conditions, it is quite possible to equip the attic.

Also today, many people order projects of foam block houses, the dimensions of which are 8x8 m.As a rule, two-story buildings have such parameters, but this does not mean that they cannot be used for one-story houses.

So, in a building measuring 8x8 m there is a place for such rooms:

• most of it should be reserved for a spacious living room combined with a kitchen (28.60 sq. m);
• in front of the hall and kitchen, set aside a place for the hall leading from the entrance to the back door (15.4 sq. m) to divide the building into two halves;
• on the right side of the hall there is a place for a bedroom or a guest room (13 sq. m.), a small bathroom (5.8 sq. m.), as well as a dressing room (7.20 sq. m.) located in the corner of the building.

A foam block house with dimensions of 8 by 10 m can turn out to be successful.

Let us consider in detail what premises (and what area) can be located in such conditions:

• a neat terrace can be organized at the entrance to the house;
• the first room following the terrace will be a vestibule (2.7 sq. m), which turns into a hall (3.42 sq. m);
• on the left side of the vestibule and hall, place a bathroom (6.3 sq. m);
• on the right side, organize a comfortable living room (20.56 sq. m);
• immediately behind the living room, you can equip a small kitchen (11.2 sq. m);
• opposite the kitchen (on the opposite side - on the left), allocate an area for a bedroom (10.6 sq. m).

If you are planning to build a small block house with dimensions of 6x8 m, then you should consider the following project.

• such a house can be as simple as possible;
• place the hall in the right corner of the dwelling;
• equip a small bathroom in front of the hall, which will conditionally separate the entrance of the house and the bedroom, located in the corner on the right side;
• opposite the indicated rooms, place a large living room, separated by a partition from the kitchen.

A block house with a size of 9x9 m will turn out to be more spacious.

Below we will consider how to arrange all the necessary rooms in such a structure:

• divide by a small hall the kitchen on the right (8.9 sq. m) and the bathroom on the left (toilet - 2.8 sq. m, bathroom - 3.6 sq. m);
• set aside the remaining space for a spacious hall and a dining area (34.8 sq. m), in the corner, install a staircase leading to the attic;
• in the attic place a study (8 or 11 sq. m), behind the wall from it a bedroom (14 sq. m), and after the bedroom there is another study (12.1 sq. m), located in the corner;
• place the bathroom on the left side of the second office (8.7 sq. m);
• organize a small balcony with an exit from the first study.

In a similar way, you can equip a more spacious house of 9x10 or 10x10 m, such a structure can be supplemented with a garage, separated by a partition from the boiler room. In the remaining area, it will be possible to arrange all the standard rooms.

What foundation is required

The main part of the cost of building a house falls on the arrangement of the base. This structure is subject to a large load from the load-bearing walls, so it must be as strong and reliable as possible. In the case of aerated concrete, this effect is minimized because the material is lightweight.

For such houses, the following types of foundations are used:

1. On the slabs.
2. On the tape.
3. On piles.
4. Combined - pile-grillage.

To choose the best option, you need to take into account the following nuances:

1. Soil density. On stationary soils, it is customary to equip a tape or pile-grillage foundation. If the water table is high or in swampy conditions, it is better to choose the slab or pile option.
2. The depth of soil freezing. If the base is placed above this point, under the influence of heaving, the foundation will begin to squeeze out and deform.This will lead to distortion of the building and damage to the wall structures.
3. The presence of a basement. If you plan to build basements, it is better to use a buried tape.
4. Terms of project implementation. Pile-grillage and pile foundations are laid as quickly as possible, but in some conditions they are prohibited.

Based on all factors, you can find the optimal solution for each case.

Construction process

A foam block one-story house can be built with your own hands. To do this, you need to strictly follow the instructions. Let's get acquainted with it.

First thing you need to do is build a foundation. He plays one of the most important roles in the construction of any house. It can be built not only by an experienced master, but also by the owner of the home.

Let's consider how to do this correctly using the example of a tape structure, which can be used in the construction of a foam block house:

• first you need to make accurate markings, for this purpose they dig trenches of the required width and depth;
• at the bottom of the trench, a "pillow" of sand and gravel is laid, the thickness of which can be from 15 to 20 cm;
• after that, formwork is constructed from boards (you can also use non-removable polystyrene foam formwork), the thickness of which should be about 5 cm, place the spacers in such a way that there are meter gaps between them;
• making the formwork, engage in the installation of reinforcing bars;

• do not start pouring concrete until you wet the boards with water;
• place concrete gradually, compacting each layer with vibration;
• after completing the listed steps, the foundation must be covered with sawdust or woven material;
• now remove the formwork and proceed with the waterproofing of the structure using the appropriate materials.

When you finish pouring the foundation, you need to wait until it gains strength. This may take a month or more.

Then you can start laying the walls.

• Place waterproofing materials on the base. This will be needed so that the moisture tending from the soil does not collide with the foam blocks and does not diverge along the entire plane of the walls. For this, sheets of roofing material must be laid on a small liquid layer of cement mortar.
• Next, a corner block is placed on the solution. The first part must be correctly aligned with a mallet and a level. The block must be positioned horizontally (this applies to all planes).
• The first to equip the corners of the house. They must be lifted to a height of 4-5 blocks. The openings resulting from such work must be laid with foam blocks in the future.
• If it is necessary to make holes or recesses in the blocks for communication elements, then it will not be difficult to make them due to the pliability of foam concrete.
• Having laid out and correctly oriented the starting row, you should proceed to the further laying of walls and partitions in accordance with the project plan.
• Each subsequent row of blocks must be done with reference to the previous one.
• Supplement the supporting structures with an armored belt.

• For the arrangement of jumpers, ready-made parts of the corresponding shape are usually used.
• The attic floor is laid in the same way as the interfloor structures in houses with two or more floors. But keep in mind that the plates cannot be laid directly on the foam blocks. For this, a cast monolithic armo-belt made of concrete is usually used. Overlappings are laid on such a base.
• When designing an attic space, it is permissible to use structures made of wooden or metal beams.

After laying the foam block walls, you should proceed to the construction of the roof.

This is done in this order:

• first, the rafter beams are mounted;
• then such elements as counter-lattice and lathing are assembled;
• then the thermal insulation material is laid;
• the next step is to lay the roofing.

Only after completing all of the above work, you can proceed to the interior decoration of the resulting foam block dwelling.Conventional plaster mixes are not recommended to be applied to aerated concrete, as it absorbs moisture. Most often, such mixtures are applied to plasterboard or plastic substrates with pre-designed frames (metal or wood).

If we are talking about finishing the bathroom and kitchen, then here you will need to lay vapor barrier materials. Only after that, gypsum fiber sheets can be installed on the walls, on which the tiles will be glued in the future.

In a foam concrete house, you can lay the following floors:

• wooden;
• laminate;
• linoleum;
• porcelain stoneware / ceramic tiles;
• self-leveling floor.

Material features

Foam concrete is an innovative building material that combines the best properties of wood and concrete, but without their drawbacks. In the production process, standard raw materials are used, combined with a foaming agent. This approach makes it possible to obtain a cellular structure from small spheres containing air.

Among the key features of foam concrete are:

1. Minimum thermal conductivity. According to this indicator, the material is 3 times better than brick, so it retains heat energy well inside the house.
2. Low weight of the blocks. This allows buildings to be erected on a lightweight foundation, which reduces costs. Foam concrete is also characterized by high strength, due to which it is used for arranging load-bearing structures and walls in multi-storey buildings.
3. Resistance to negative temperatures. The block does not collapse under the influence of thawed or freezing liquid. All moisture accumulates in its cells, therefore it does not trigger deformation processes.

Another feature is fire resistance. Even if the sample is exposed to contact with open fire or elevated temperature, it will be able to maintain its tightness for a long time.

Natural raw materials are used for the production of the material, so it meets all environmental requirements. The foam block is not afraid of rotting processes or contacts with a fungus.

Advantages

When planning to build a one-story house from foam blocks, it is important to consider both the strengths and weaknesses of this material. The positive aspects include:

The positive aspects include:

1. Low weight. The maximum block weight is 24 kg, while for the construction of low-rise buildings it is customary to use lighter products, which reduces the load on the base and makes the cost of the final project cheaper.
2. Large dimensions of 1 block. The speed of construction depends on this factor.
3. Ease of processing. Sawing, drilling and processing the foam block is quite simple. This allows developers to install complex communications or structures inside the wall.
4. High vapor permeability. A room made of foam concrete always maintains a comfortable microclimate without the presence of expensive air conditioners or ventilation systems.
5. Good insulation. The house built of foam concrete has high sound insulation properties. It contains air cells that suppress sound waves, eliminating the need to lay a separate sound-insulating layer.

disadvantages

Since the foam block is a porous material, it quickly absorbs moisture and can dampen without proper waterproofing treatment.

Samples can be fragile and therefore need extra care when transported to the construction site and subsequently processed. Nails or screws cannot be driven into the cells.

To hang a picture or a shelf, you will need to use additional fasteners with a spacer.

Due to the simplicity of creating the material, many unscrupulous manufacturers deviate from the requirements of GOST. Therefore, when choosing products, you should give preference to trusted companies with appropriate documentation.

Materials for home decoration

Since foam concrete cannot boast of a presentable appearance, it is subjected to additional finishing.

Various materials are suitable for finishing events, including:

1. Lining, siding or decorative panels. This promotes good ventilation of the façade and prevents moisture accumulation.
2. Facing brick, imitation stone or porcelain stoneware. They transform the design of the building, and also prevent the problem of stagnant air.
3. Mineral grout or thin types of plaster. Provides an austere yet cozy design.

Interior work is done with decorative panels of plasterboard, wood or plastic, plaster and silicate paints. The use of wallpaper is also practiced.

Choosing a foundation

A foam block house, like any other building, must be built on a high-quality and reliable foundation. The manufacture of such a basis should be started only after the geodetic division of the axes on the site. This must be done in accordance with the project data. When choosing one or another foundation for a foam block structure, you need to take into account the level of groundwater, the exact type of soil and the level of its freezing.

Some people refuse this stage, because such a detailed study of the site can cost a tidy sum. The type of soil and the level of groundwater can be determined independently by pulling out a well with a depth of 2-3 m, however, it will be too difficult to identify the correct calculation of the loads that will be transferred to the foundation - entrust such work to professionals.

Most often, in cases where groundwater is located at a depth not exceeding 2 m, a strong and reliable monolith is chosen. If the depth exceeds the aforementioned mark, the soil does not differ in heaving, and the freezing point does not reach 1 m, then it is permissible to make foundations of a small deepening, for example, tape options.

Beautiful examples

From the foam block, you can get a neat and cozy house with external walls finished with white facade material and masonry. The hipped roof can be finished with maroon tiles. Doors and windows made of dark wood will look harmonious in such a structure.

A one-story block house with a dark gable roof and light outer walls, complemented by wooden panels near the front door and on supports under the protruding part of the roof, will look beautiful. Snow-white window frames made of wood or plastic are perfectly combined with such a background.

A chic block house with a dark brown hipped roof, a large terrace with columns, brick / stonework on the walls and windows with black frames will turn out to be chic. The terrace can be fenced off with a forged black fence, and arched partitions can be built between the columns.

For information on how to build a house from foam blocks with your own hands, see the next video.