Fiberboard: thickness and dimensions of the sheet, the price of the material. what affects the cost of the product?

Types of fibreboard

Divide fiberboard for general and special purposes. The common ones include low density fiberboard (LDF), medium (MDF) and high (HDF) density. Moisture-resistant (bituminous), bio-resistant, fire-resistant and facing (laminated) are special.

LDF

Fiberboard with a refined front surface and a smooth non-front side, the so-called. "Hardboard"

Fiberboard with a mesh texture on the non-front side, the so-called. "Masonite"

(English LDF abbreviation of English Low-density fiberboard) - low density fiberboard. Sometimes sellers are presented as fiberboard with improved properties, environmentally friendly, etc. Corresponds to medium density fiberboard (MDF) and is a type of MDF in the sense that it has a density in the lower range of acceptable values. In the strict sense, in English-speaking countries, the designation "LDF" refers not even to low density fiberboard, but to low density particleboard.

MDF

MDF (eng. MDF, eng. Medium-density fiberboard) - medium density fiberboard. According to the parameters, it corresponds to the GOST brand of medium density fiberboard. The thickness of such fiberboard can reach 40 mm or more.

HDF

(English HDF, English High-density fiberboard) - sometimes sellers are presented as fiberboard with improved properties. In fact, it is a tracing paper from English High density fiberboard (High density fiberboard). According to the parameters, it corresponds to the GOST brand of fiberboard - T.

Mazonite

- so called high density fiberboard in English-speaking countries. Has a characteristic mesh texture on the back. Unlike other boards, the production of masonite does not use any adhesives containing formaldehyde. Fibers are held together by lignin. In the Russian language segment, it is sometimes used in professional slang, as a fiberboard of normal quality with non-refined surfaces, or as a designation for "construction" fiberboard. Named for the inventor of the plate making process - Mason.

Hardboard

Hardboard - tracing paper from English. Error: the installation date is set incorrectly. Sometimes in professional slang, this is the name of a fiberboard that has a decorative layer (lined with roll material or painted side). Synonym -. According to the parameters, it corresponds to the GOST brand of fiberboard - T.

Fibrolite

Fibrolite - tracing paper from English. Error: the date of installation is set incorrectly. It is often used as a synonym for fiberboard and wood concrete, although in English it is a generalized name for dense wood materials made of wood particles: medium and high density fiberboard and chipboard.

Fiberboard for special purposes

• bituminous
• biostable
• hardly combustible
• slabs with a tiled or painted surface (on slang and colloquial: "Hardboard")

Russian classification

In Russia, soft plates, depending on the density, are subdivided into grades: M-1, M-2 and M-3, by hardness into T, T-C, T-P, T-SP, ST, ST-S.

Hard slabs, depending on the strength, density and type of front surface, are divided into grades:

• T - with a non-refined front surface;
• Т-С - with a front layer of finely dispersed wood pulp;
• T-P - with a tinted front layer;
• T-SP - with a tinted front layer of finely dispersed wood pulp;
• Т-В - with non-refined front surface and increased water resistance;
• T-SV - with a front layer of finely dispersed wood pulp and increased water resistance;
• NT - low density (semi-solid);
• ST - increased strength (superhard) with non-refined front surface;
• ST-S - increased strength (superhard) with a top layer of finely dispersed wood pulp.

Where is chipboard used

As already mentioned, laminated chipboard is mainly used for the manufacture of furniture. This is due to the fact that this material is durable, cheap compared to wood, and has a wide palette of colors and textures. For each type of furniture, chipboard of a certain thickness and class is required.

Making a kitchen from chipboard

Laminated chipboard kitchen sets are the most popular and affordable option. This is largely due to the rich selection of colors and textures, well thought-out design and durability, subject to proper care.

A kitchen made entirely of chipboard looks pretty good

The main advantage of laminated chipboard kitchens is their low cost. Despite its budget, this material has several features, namely:

• despite the fact that the plate itself is not very resistant to moisture, the protective film ensures the safety of the material;
• the strength is average, but it is sufficient for the main loads that furniture is subjected to at home.

Chipboard kitchen with postforming facades

Chipboard kitchens look great while new, but with improper care they quickly lose their appearance and become unusable. In order for any kitchen from laminated chipboard reviews, about which in most cases are positive, to last a long time, you should adhere to a few simple rules for care:

• when cleaning surfaces, you can not use wire sponges, detergents containing abrasives and you need to try to make the laminate less contact with water, and if this happens, then you need to immediately wipe it dry;
• do not allow moisture to penetrate into the joints of tabletops and on the edge of cases and facades. Ideally, the ends of the chipboard should be pasted over with a PVC edge, and the joints should be treated with sealant and covered with special overlays;
• protect surfaces from mechanical stress and high temperatures.

The main thing is to properly care for the furniture and it will retain its original appearance for many years.

If you adhere to these rules, then the furniture will last for many years and retain its original appearance. In the photo, laminated chipboard kitchens do not look at all like budget models.

Attractive and affordable: laminated chipboard furniture

From laminated chipboard cookers are not only made by kitchens. Since the material is very easy to process, you can make furniture from it yourself at home. For example, you can easily make a bed from chipboard with your own hands. To do this, you just need a drill with a drill and nozzles, hex keys, screwdrivers and, of course, material. Drawings can be easily found on the Internet or made by yourself (if you have experience), and the material, cutting and cutting to the required size, can be ordered from specialized stores or firms. By the way, in addition to the bed, you can make a bedside table from chipboard, especially since 1-1.5 large sheets of material are enough for this, and from the remains to build shelves for books or flowers.

Chest of drawers made of laminated chipboard

In principle, for any piece of furniture, be it a medium-sized wardrobe, a standard laminated chipboard chest of drawers for 4 drawers, a desk and much more, just one sheet of "laminate" is enough. As already mentioned, drawings with dimensions can be easily found on the Internet or you can calculate everything yourself, especially since, knowing the dimensions of the sheet and its thickness, it will not be difficult. In general, do-it-yourself laminated chipboard furniture is not only an interesting and economically profitable activity, but also brings pleasure from the fact that you can make a unique and original thing that no one has.

The sliding wardrobe made of laminated chipboard looks great

Plumbing partitions from laminated chipboard for bathrooms

Relatively recently, plumbing partitions in home and public bathrooms were created from bricks, foam blocks or drywall. Such designs were time consuming and costly.At the moment, lightweight partitions that can be quickly installed have become an alternative to such partitions.

Modern plumbing partitions made of laminated board are not like old brick structures

Modern plumbing partitions consist of a lightweight frame, sheet material filler and special fittings. The frame is usually made of anodized aluminum. Chipboard, tempered glass or plastic panels are used as a filler. Fittings are furniture handles, locks and hooks.

Laminated chipboard is mainly used for partitions, since it is a durable material with a rich color palette and low cost.

Density, weight, thickness of sheets

The technology for the production of fiberboard allows you to make them of different densities. Depending on the density, they have different technical characteristics and field of application. There are such types of fiberboard:

• Low density. They are also called soft, they can be designated using the attached letter "M" - DVP-M. Quite loose material with a density of 200-350 kg / m³. Sheet thickness can be 8, 12, 16, 25 mm. If desired, you can find up to 40 mm. They are usually used for soundproofing or as finishing / cladding in places that are not subject to stress.
  Low density fiberboard has a loose structure, is used as insulation and sound insulation
• Medium density - up to 850 kg / m³, sheet thickness can be 8, 12, 16, 25 mm. According to the classification, they also pass as soft.
• Semi-solid - from 860 to 900 kg / m³, sheet thickness 6, 8, 12 mm.
• Hard (fiberboard T) - 950 kg / m³, sheet thickness 2.5, 3.2, 4.5 and 6 mm.
• Superhard (DVP-ST) - 960-1000 kg / m³, can be 2.5, 3.2, 4.5 and 6 mm thick.

Hard and superhard grades are used where resistance to mechanical stress is important. In household construction and decoration of houses / apartments, DVP-T is placed on the floor, they can sheathe the walls with them.

Types of hard slabs

For all that, there are several types of general-purpose solid fibreboards - with different front and back sides. According to GOST, solid fibreboard has the following markings:

• T - hard slabs with a non-refined front surface. Often also called "technical" fiberboard. It is used for works in which appearance is not important.
• T-P - hard boards with a tinted face layer. This is the so-called hardboard. It is used in the furniture industry for rear panels in cabinets, tables, etc.
  The choice of colors is wide
• Т-С - hard boards with a top layer of finely dispersed wood pulp. One side of the sheet is the same color, but smooth, like varnished. It can be used for cladding frame buildings from the inside. Requires minimal finishing work. On such a surface, a rhinestone can be glued wallpaper, but it will be very inconvenient to remove them. But the putty on the smoothed surface lays down badly - it rolls down.
• T-SP - hard boards with a tinted front layer of finely ground wood pulp. It can be used as a finishing material.

Grades of solid fiberboard can be of two classes - A and B. They are distinguished by quality. As you can see, even in the same class there are different materials. With the same (or almost the same) technical characteristics, they have different areas of application.

Subtypes of superhard fiber boards

Superhard fiber boards are rarely used in household construction and repair - the price is too high, and high density and stiffness may not be in demand. Excessive rigidity can sometimes be uncomfortable.

According to the standard, there are two types of such material:

• ST - "construction" brand, not too attractive in appearance;
• ST-S - with a smooth top layer - finely ground wood pulp is compacted to a very smooth state.
  Dense and smooth slabs

There are practically no laminated or decorative types - too heavy and hard material for finishing is also not needed.

Names by density

Also, fibreboards have different names depending on the density. Usually it is a tracing (transliteration) of English / international names. Although, under the same name, other countries often mean different material.

• LDF - from English low density fiberboard - LDF. Translated - low density fiberboard. In fact, this is the name given to a medium density material that simply has characteristics at the lower end of the zone. It has nothing to do with soft wood panels.
  MDF characteristics
• MDF - from the English medium density fiberboard - MDF. Translated - medium density fiberboard. If we talk about standards, then this material corresponds to the GOST definitions of medium density fiberboard.
• HDF - hight density fiberboard - HDF. According to its characteristics, it is possible to match the brand of DVP-T (solid).
  HDF boards are usually thin and are used for milling patterns

As you can see, there is no clear distinction. Misapplication of names adds to the confusion. In general, each time it is necessary to clarify what exactly the speaker means by this or that term.

Main characteristics of soft fiberboard

Adhesives are not used in the manufacture of MDVP boards
synthetic origin. The bonding component of soft fiberboard remains
the natural glue produced by the plant is resin. It is worth noting that exactly
for this reason, coniferous waste is considered the main raw material for production. V
the stem and branches of a coniferous plant have a high resin content, therefore
during the processing of wood chips, an environmentally friendly binder is formed
substance.

@MDVP

In the construction of soft fiberboard boards there are no harmful
components, so the material can be used to decorate rooms for
allergy sufferers. Essentially soft
Fiberboard for sound insulation is the same wood, but in a different form, completely
safe and reliable. The material is supplied in the form of plates or sheets in
depending on thickness and other dimensions. The thickness of the sheets can vary from 5
up to 20 millimeters, which allows you to choose the most appropriate material.

MDVP: features and benefits

Among the whole variety of finishing materials for the home
soft MDF sheets are ideal. Due to the structure of the material, the plate
provides a high level of sound protection and thermal insulation. Today people in
when choosing building materials, they mainly look at environmentally friendly ones that are not
will harm the family and everyone who lives in the house. Adhering to this criterion,
it is worth noting that MDVP is an environmentally friendly material that does not
supports combustion and does not emit harmful components.

@MDVP

The service life of MDVP boards is at least fifty
years, while the products do not lose their characteristics and quality

In addition
it should also be noted that the product is protected from mold and
fungus, which is important when used in a residential area. To work with
insulating boards MDVP do not need special skills or special knowledge,
all types of work on heat and sound insulation can be carried out independently

Soundproofing MDVP is
excellent value for money.

The price segment allows you to buy thermal insulation at a profitable
cost. Having spent money once, you can forget about the problem for decades and
have a comfortable home. Thanks to high-quality noise and heat insulation in your home
it will be warm in winter and cool in summer heat.

Composition:

The insulating boards contain only natural ingredients,
thanks to which the product is environmentally friendly and harmless. Process
manufacturing involves the use of wood chips, which is killed
into a homogeneous mass with a fine fraction. The raw material is filled with an aqueous solution for
the formation of a homogeneous suspension.Then, on the adsorption unit, the composition
is being cleaned of sand masses and other debris.

@MDVP

With the use of electromagnets, removal
metal elements, after which the solution enters the pressing shop.
The formed plate is dried and becomes strong and reliable, possessing
all characteristics and qualities.

In the list of components of soundproofing material on
wood-based, there are no harmful components, so it can be used in
living quarters and a particular children's room. The connecting component is
the resin that is present in the wood chips. Precisely because of the resin ideal
The material for the manufacture of DVR is coniferous trees.

What is MDF and the method of its manufacture

MDF appeared on our market in the last years of the last century, and it was invented in the USA at the end of the 60s of the 20th century. You can understand what MDF is if you translate its English name - MDF - Medium Density Fibreboard. In Russian it translates as "medium density fiberboard". That is, the Russian-language name was formed with the help of transliteration - instead of Latin letters, they put similar Russians. A common phenomenon for our language.

MDF - Medium Density Fiberboard

Manufacturing process

MDF is made from wood, ground to the state of very fine chips, practically - to the state of fibers. Mostly wood waste is used, so the release of this material does not harm forests.

Milled wood is cleaned of sand and other foreign inclusions, washed, dried. The prepared mass is heated, a tape of the required width is formed from it, and then pressed. Under pressure, a natural binder, lignin, is released from the heated wood fibers. It is he who is the binder in this material. The final shape of the products is passed in a finishing press, which squeezes out the remaining air from the mass, forming a homogeneous MDF structure.

Before the press, a plate is formed from the mass

After pressing, the cooled material is fed to grinding, where flaws on the surface are removed from the MDF, the material is brought to the required thickness.

Not all wood species provide a sufficient amount of binder. Then add a similar, previously isolated, lignin or other natural binder. MDF is considered the safest of all wood-based panel materials, since the binder is natural, and the formaldehyde emission is comparable to that of wood (emission class F1, that is, it is allowed to use it for the manufacture of furniture for children's and medical institutions).

Fiberboard can be produced with special properties. Basically, moisture resistance additives increase moisture resistance and reduce flammability.

Appearance and release forms

In its "pure" form, the material has a grayish-brown color, on the saw cut is a homogeneous dense mass. The exact shade depends on the type of wood crushed and the amount of bark. In this form, the material is used as a sheet building material - for the construction of light partitions, leveling walls.

The MDF surface can be "refined". It can be painted, laminated with PVC film, pasted over with veneer or plastic. This gives a fairly large number of design options that are used in the furniture industry, in the production of finishing materials.

Not only can it be molded from the mass

The production technology makes it possible to form products of various shapes, thicknesses, and sizes. During finishing pressing, a certain relief can be formed, which is used in the production of furniture and doors. Also, finishing materials are made from MDF - plates, panels. They make plinths, platbands, and other moldings from it. All these materials can be used for interior decoration.

The structure of MDF is fine-grained, dust is formed during milling, which makes it possible to make carved products.This is used in the manufacture of carved decorative elements - panels, screens for heating radiators, decorative grilles, curly furniture facades.

MDF or chipboard - which is better?

Having appeared on the market, MDF created competition for fiberboard. This was facilitated by its properties:

• with an equal thickness of MDF, it is twice as strong as chipboard;
• the mass is very plastic and allows you to form reliefs of any complexity;

• easier to handle;

• a uniform smooth surface makes it possible, even when painting and laminating PVC, to obtain a good appearance, suitable for the furniture industry;
• has a lower formaldehyde emission factor;
• does not change shape when temperature changes.

All this led to the growing popularity of the material. Even though MDF is more expensive than chipboard. To some extent, MDF even competed with wood. For example, skirting boards, MDF platbands, finishing panels are increasingly being used. This is due, firstly, to a lower cost, and secondly, to greater practicality. Wood requires regular maintenance - painting, varnishing. MDF does not require special care. It is simply wiped off with a damp cloth, using liquid detergent if necessary.

What is the thickness?

The name of these sheet panels comes from the first letters of the English expression High Density Fiberboard, which translates into Russian as “high density fiberboard”. The production of this material is similar to the production of other panels from sawdust and shavings. But for the production of HDF, the most environmentally friendly waste from sawmills is taken, in which there are no toxic substances and formaldehyde resins.

At this stage, two types of such plates are produced.

• Sanded. After manufacturing, the surface of the product is sanded for further painting or varnishing. Partitions are made of such plates, they are used as a substrate before laying laminate, etc. They are also widely used in furniture production, from these panels excellent bottoms for drawers, back walls of cabinets or cabinets and much more are obtained.
• Decorated (varnished). Obtained by priming and painting sanded panels. Then the main color is applied, imitating natural wood. It is an ideal material for the manufacture of cabinet furniture and doors.

In order to improve the properties of the panels, you can make them laminated. For this, melamine resins are heated, which, during heating, spread over the surface and, when cooled, form the thinnest film. After completing this process, the panels do not need additional processing. Although some take this look into a separate group, laminated ones are a subspecies of decorated ones.

HDF sheet size:

• in length they are 2440, 2500 and 2800 mm;
• width is 1830 and 2070 mm;
• thickness - 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 mm;
• density - up to 1000 kg / m3.

The permissible deviations from the standard format can be no more than 0.2 mm and a maximum of 0.5 mm. The most common size is 2800x2070x3, but for the manufacture of some decorative elements, 2070x695x3 mm panels are produced.

Production

Chipboard, as the name implies, is created on the basis of a coarse fraction of wood chips. The source of raw materials for production is substandard wood, chips and sawdust.

Chipboard machine

The production process proceeds as follows: crushed raw materials are dried and moistened through nozzles with binding components. As a binder, synthetic urea, phenolic or urea melamine resins are used.

Comparison of the thickness of fiberboard and chipboard

The processed mixture of shavings and resins can be molded:

• single-layer, when chips of different fractions are mixed and evenly distributed throughout the plate;
• from two layers, when the underlying layer is made of waste, and the front layer is a mixture of fine and wide shavings specially sorted on a separator;
• from two face layers made of selected raw materials and a core that uses less quality waste.

The formed particle carpet is sent for pressing, drying, board trimming and end grinding.

As a finish, especially if the chipboard is planned to be sent to decorative cladding in the future, grinding of the entire surface can be additionally used.

Unlike chipboard, fiberboard materials require two additional stages of mechanical processing after splitting the raw material into chips:

1. initial coarse grinding on defibrators;
2. finer grinding on refiners.

As a result, the wood is separated into individual fibers. Such a macro-processed pulp is the basis of hardboard, and even when creating it, hemp of a fire, waste of flax production, waste paper can be used. The mass compiled according to the recipe is sent for further processing to tanks, in which it is soaked in a water mixture of hardening additives and glued with water-repellent substances.

Fiberboard is the back walls of furniture, a material for finishing the floor, mill and ceiling of houses and outbuildings

The mixture prepared in this way enters the casting machines, after which it passes the stage of thermal pressing at a temperature of 210-230 ° C and a maintained pressure of 3-5 MPa.

What is fiberboard?

Together with the word fiberboard, the word "hardboard" is often used. In some cases, it seems that hardboard is some kind of separate type of wood-based panels. In fact, from a technical point of view, hardboard is a "folk" term that is most often applied to hard fiberboard. A difficult fate befell the concept of MDF, which, on the one hand, is very similar in production technology to fiberboard, but at the same time in the mass consciousness it often appears as a completely different material. MDF is a transliteration of the English notation MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard), in Russian it is called medium density fiberboard.

Fiberboard is obtained by thermal pressing of wood fibers. In some cases, raw materials are dried for production. In fact, the raw material is waste from the woodworking industry. Various synthetic resins serve as binder components, as well as paraffins, antiseptics, refractory agents and other additives. The production method using resins is called "dry", if there are no such additives, then the production method is considered "wet". To obtain a "dry" material, the raw material is crushed many times, while no water is added to the composition. The sheets are stronger and more resilient.

Fiberboard can be of different thicknesses and densities

Fiberboard sheets are distinguished by high density and strength, and have a relatively low price. Thin sheets bend perfectly, which allows them to be used for sheathing curved surfaces. Fiberboard is used in construction, as a cladding in frame housing construction, for leveling the floor, walls. Also, partitions in railway passenger cars are made of this material.

Low density fiberboard is used as a sound insulation material. The chaotic arrangement of wood grains contributes to the fact that sounds "get stuck" in the material. This is the most inexpensive and easy-to-install type of soundproofing materials. There are more effective ones, but cheaper ones still need to be looked for.

Some types of fiberboard can be used as finishing materials - for finishing walls in rooms with normal humidity. For these purposes, fiberboard is used, one of the sides of the sheet of which is painted, covered with a decorative film, and laminated.

These are options for decorative finishes

Another area of ​​application of fiberboard is furniture production.Usually this material is used as an auxiliary material - they make the back wall of cabinet furniture, hem the bottoms in armchairs and chairs, bottoms in drawers, etc. In general, the scope is extensive. There is, in fact, one drawback - without hydrophobic additives, the material behaves poorly at high humidity. It swells as it grows in size. At the same time, sheet material “goes in waves”. When dry, it remains deformed. So, in unheated or humid rooms, only certain brands of fiberboard can be used.

Characteristics and properties of fiberboard

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