Types and purpose
When choosing a place to install a garden gazebo, most people want to hide it in a very quiet and distant corner of the country, which will be closed from prying eyes. This place should be perfect for relaxation. If the family has children, then the best place would be a building near the playground. This will provide an opportunity for adults to relax, and children will always be supervised.
The purpose of the building is directly related to its location. Therefore, you immediately need to decide what it is needed for and understand whether it will be a corner for entertainment or for recreation, a building with or without a barbecue. So, there are gazebos.
- For privacy. This construction option is suitable for people who like to be alone. Here you can, for example, read a book, do knitting or embroidery. This type of gazebo is usually small and cozy.
- For shelter. In such a gazebo, you can hide from the rain or the sun. It is usually an unremarkable structure consisting of a roof supported by pillars.
- For an overview. This category includes buildings located in a country house with views of the mountains or lakes. Here you can not only relax, but also enjoy the beauty of nature.
- For the company. Gazebos of this category are usually large in size, which can accommodate many relatives and friends. They should, first of all, have a huge table and many benches.
The types of wooden buildings directly depend on their shapes. Traditional options are round, rectangular or octagonal buildings. In addition, buildings for decorating a summer cottage or a country house are even made in the form of carriages or barrels. The choice of form is limited only by the owner's imagination.
Setting up a canopy is the easiest way to organize your seating area. The design represents the overlap of the territory adjacent to the house, where the necessary furniture for rest is placed.
A round gazebo is chosen by people who like to spend time with their families. For convenience, both the table and the benches should be of the same shape.
Rectangular or tetrahedral buildings will be very popular. They are convenient both in construction and in use. It's a classic that looks great anywhere.
The variety of shapes is not all that manufacturers have to offer. Gazebos can also be divided into open and closed.
Open buildings have a light and airy look. They are well ventilated thanks to continuous ventilation. Even an inexperienced person can build such beautiful structures. They are used mainly in the summer. Family evenings can be held in open gazebos, enjoying the singing of birds. True, with the arrival of cold weather, they become practically useless.
Closed gazebos are a building that has walls on all sides. Therefore, its main advantage is comfort and warmth. Such gazebos are not afraid of either wind or rain. They can be used even in winter with a stove. In glazed gazebos, you can even make windows, conduct electricity, which will allow you to use them at different times of the day and night, without disturbing your household.
Basic tools and materials for building a gazebo
Wood processing requires special equipment and tools. Check their availability and serviceability. To work you will need:
- shovel or drill - for making a foundation pit or pits;
- building level, tape measure, square;
- rule;
- chisel, hammer, wrenches, roofing knife;
- hacksaw, jigsaw or circular saw;
- drill or screwdriver;
- Bulgarian;
- construction hair dryer;
- electric plane;
- construction cord - for marking;
- sandpaper, paint brushes, spatula;
An original round gazebo with cozy sofas.
The amount of materials required for the construction of the gazebo is taken based on the specification:
- sand, crushed stone, cement - depending on the type of foundation: columnar or tape;
- formwork board - if a strip base is assumed;
- a bar with a different section - 50x150 mm is used for the lower strapping, center beam of the frame and the floor log; 100x100 mm - for vertical racks, top strapping; 50x100 mm - used for corner, auxiliary and short rafters, as well as for fencing handrails; 50x50 mm - for fencing balusters;
- floor board;
- roof sheathing - plywood panels 12 mm thick;
- roofing material - for insulation work;
- flexible (bituminous) shingles, bituminous glue;
- fasteners - screws, corner brackets, metal corners, self-tapping screws, roofing nails;
- primer, wood putty;
- paint, varnish.
Gazebo with columns and rich carved ornaments.
Types of decor in wooden gazebos
The tree is perfectly combined with greenery, therefore, in the case of the construction of an open gazebo, climbing plants can be planted around, grapes would be a good option. If the gazebo is closed, flowers can be placed inside in pots or mounted on walls.
A pond with water lilies and lilies will look original and successful next to the gazebo, and if there is also fish splashing in it, this will make the guests even more impressed by the gazebo.
Inside the gazebo, you need to choose the right furniture, but you should take into account the style so that you do not get a pun and bad taste. The main thing is not to overdo it with furniture. The gazebo is a practical place, where every thing should be of practical importance.
Curtains on windows, covers and rugs on chairs and benches can quickly give the gazebo the necessary direction. For example, choosing textiles in blue tones, with elements of seashells, fish, anchors and steering wheels, you can create an atmosphere of nautical style.
Japanese style gazebos
As it turned out, you don't have to be Japanese to see the beauty in Japanese culture, admire it and want to organize your space in accordance with its principles.
This nation pays close attention to every detail in all areas of life, turning them into art. Therefore, in order to design a gazebo for a garden, based on their philosophy, it is necessary to take into account several points.
For a garden building, according to the rules, they allocate the most picturesque place on the site, often on a hill, from which the territory and the house are clearly visible. In our reality, it is enough to follow the last conditions.
Is it worth noting that the garden should be made in an oriental style with Japanese plants and other architectural details, such as a pond with a bridge? These requirements can reduce the desire to build a gazebo. Or vice versa - "squeeze" it into the conditions of your site. Which seems to be a perfectly acceptable option, only the design itself in this case should be a little simplified.
The gazebo goes well with minimalism and other modern, laconic styles, because minimalism itself came to us from Japan.
As materials, it is worth choosing between hard wood and stone, since traditional bamboo does not take root in the Russian climate.
Classic roofs are of three types: gable, gable, gable roof. It is from this part that the Japanese origin of the building can be determined. Unfortunately, even a simplified version is difficult to build on your own.
Designing a wooden gazebo
On the eve of construction, it is important to know what kind of lumber are used to build wooden gazebos and private houses. Both structures should be similar to each other: a wooden frame - a gazebo made of rounded logs, a frame house - a frame shelter
At the same time, the design of a thematic structure requires determining the following parameters:
- Seasonality - open summer (with empty openings), semi-closed demi-season (non-glazed or closed winter (glazed) version;
- Style - classic European or ethnic Slavic-Scandinavian;
- Area - small (4-6 sq. M.), Medium (6-10 sq. M.) Or large (10-14 sq. M.);
- Shape - square, rectangular or polygonal;
- Arrangement (functionality) - furnishings, heating, electricity, etc.
As a result, not only chairs and a table in a wooden gazebo are the center of attraction. Rather, the furniture in question can be said to be required attributes. But the additional products include a wood-burning stove, barbecue, lamps.
The level of arrangement is selected depending on the seasonality and area. The shape of the gazebo forms the style. For example, the ethnic design encourages the use of rounded logs, while the European one favors profiled or glued beams. At the same time, lumber significantly affects the shape, strength and level of complexity of the construction of the gazebo.
Rounded logs are difficult to lay due to their heavy weight and roundness. They also shrink. But the logs make the structure very strong. Quite reliable arbors are also obtained from the bars.
In addition, the frame is easier to assemble, and the timber itself practically does not shrink, i.e. does not deform over time. Therefore, it is possible to glaze wooden frame structures immediately after erection, and log structures - only on the condition that the logs themselves were stored in the open air for at least three months before being erected.
In the latter case, the consumption of lumber is reduced, but the corners of the structure are less protected from freezing.
How to choose the right design: we disassemble the 3 main types
1. Wooden gazebo-pergola with slatted roof
Fully open, without blank walls - a popular type of wooden gazebos for summer cottages (photo).
Design: "Garden World"
Design: "Garden World"
Design: Derevo Park
Design: Derevo Park
The foundation can be minimal: often such structures are placed on a decking or directly on the lawn.
Design: Derevo Park
Design: Derevo Park
Design: Signature Properties of Illinois
Design: Signature Properties of Illinois
Design: Bret Achtenhagen's Seasonal Services
Design: Bret Achtenhagen's Seasonal Services
Awnings made of waterproof fabric or with a lamellar structure will help protect from precipitation and direct rays of the sun in a wooden pergola pergola. If you want to maximize the feeling of open space, choose the option with a roof, complemented by glass.
Design: Ginkgo Leaf Studio
Design: Ginkgo Leaf Studio
2. An open wooden gazebo with a full roof
Another common version of wooden gazebos for summer cottages (photo), and small suburban areas, where the building is planned to be used mainly when it is warm.
Design: Train architects
Design: Train architects
Design: Creative Gazebos
Design: Creative Gazebos
Design: Creative Gazebos
Design: Creative Gazebos
Design: ZE-MOOV HOME
Design: ZE-MOOV HOME
It is already possible to conduct electricity into such a building, pick up more solid outdoor furniture, plan a durable foundation, for example, a concrete screed lined with natural stone, clinker or porcelain stoneware.
Design: James Wong, David Kubero
Design: James Wong, David Kubero
Design: Zeterre Landscape Architecture
Design: Zeterre Landscape Architecture
Design: Zhenya Zhdanova
Design: Zhenya Zhdanova
3. Closed wooden gazebo
The best option if they live in a country house all year round and use the building too. Due to the presence of two or three blank walls, you can comfortably stay in it both on warm days and on damp, frosty evenings, and foliage, snow and sand will not "walk" along the base, unlike open options. For a closed gazebo, you can plan the presence of a warm floor, a fogging system for cooling the air on hot summer days, special street outlets that are resistant to moisture.
Design: Natalia Smorgonskaya, Irina Lindunen, Anna Belyaevskaya
Design: Natalia Smorgonskaya, Irina Lindunen, Anna Belyaevskaya
Design: Philip Janssens
Design: Philip Janssens
Closed gazebos can be:
compact and versatile, with the ability to equip in them both a breakfast area and a living room area, a playroom for children;
Design: Hillside Hideaway
Design: Hillside Hideaway
Design: architectural studio "Alba-Design"
Design: architectural studio "Alba-Design"
in the form of large-scale garden pavilions with a summer kitchen, barbecue, grill and a spacious dining area.
Design: NASONOV DESIGN WERKE
Design: NASONOV DESIGN WERKE
Design: Kameneva Natalia and Gavrilova Anastasia (CLUBShop)
Design: Kameneva Natalia and Gavrilova Anastasia (CLUBShop)
Design: Vadim and Olga Grinevich
Design: Vadim and Olga Grinevich
If an open fire is planned in a wooden gazebo, it is better to choose a mixed structure: the walls and floor of the zone with a stove, barbecue or grill are concrete, brick or stone, and the rest of the space is made of wood.
Design: Julia Mikhailova
Design: Julia Mikhailova
But no matter what type of construction turns out to be suitable in the end, it is worth remembering that the gazebo must outwardly overlap with the main building on the suburban area. Even if the house or cottage is not made of wood, they should be similar to the gazebo in style, form of construction, color, and individual elements.
DIY wooden gazebo design
Diagram of a wooden gazebo
Do-it-yourself design options for building a wooden gazebo may be different. For example, the walls can have an emphasis on the floor or in the very base of the building. The floor can be attached to vertical pillars, in which case it looks like it is hanging from them. However, the best option is considered to be an independent floor, which, if necessary, can be easily repaired or dismantled without damaging the walls.
For the base of the gazebo, we take a beam with a section of 10 by 10 cm. A sturdy structure is made of it and placed on the foundation, already waterproofed with roofing material. The pillars that make up the foundation must have pins to fix the timber. The timber is connected to each other as follows: in one, the top is cut, and in the other, the bottom.
Construction of a gazebo: foundation
Lags from a bar must be treated with copper sulfate, preferably in several layers. After the base or trim is done, the floor can be laid. Planks are nailed onto them, which are also treated to prevent rotting. You can take any boards, but not thinner than 40 mm, otherwise they will bend. This is the easiest way to lay your floor. Today it is possible to purchase modern flooring material such as decking.
If the pillars for the roof are independent, then the foundation and joists can no longer be touched.
Regular wooden beams are used as racks. They are placed in hammered metal supports, which are reinforced in the ground using an earth drill. Having made a hole in the ground, concrete is poured into it and the hammer is immediately placed. In principle, concreting in this case is voluntary. The support can simply be driven into the ground, although there is a risk of not installing it evenly. In order for all the racks to be in the same plane, you can connect them in advance with a flat board and put three racks at the same time.
Roof
The construction of the gazebo is almost complete, all that remains is to make the roof. It is better not to use a metal roof as a material, since knocking drops will unnerve when it rains. You can use ondulin or soft tiles on top of plywood. The simplest, but at the same time, a beautiful structure for the roof will be the option with several slopes. A pitched roof is less attractive, but it is also often used.
For cladding, you can use a small edged board or lining. Just do not forget that you need to nail it upside down so that you do not have to see the seamy side of the sheathing inside the gazebo.Also read about creating a polycarbonate gazebo.
Wooden gazebos without walls with their own hands look very spacious and light. This option turns out to be beautiful and even somewhat exotic.
Arbors from a bar
One of the most popular materials for the construction of a gazebo is a beam, most often pine. It is environmentally friendly, durable and easy to use due to the same shape and length, so the shape of the finished structure can be not only round, square or rectangular, but also hexagonal or any other.
It is from this material that you can find and buy ready-made projects, which are implemented by professionals in just a few days. But it will be much more interesting and more budgetary to create it yourself.
However, during construction, it is necessary to verify each laid beam strictly according to the level and then your gazebo will retain its geometry for many years.
Just like a regular wooden structure, a log gazebo is lightweight and has low pressure on the foundation.
Arbor foundation device made of wood
As an example, we will use a small square wooden gazebo with a hipped roof.
Having chosen a suitable place for the gazebo, they begin to prepare the site. It is necessary to remove all debris, remove shrubs and tree roots there. If there are bumps or depressions, they are leveled.
On a note! If possible, do not install the gazebo near the roadway or a neighbor's fence, try to place the gazebo in such a place so that a beautiful view of the garden, alpine slide or pond opens up from it.
Arrangement diagram of a columnar foundation for a wooden arbor measuring 2.77x2.77 m.
Next, markup is made for the future structure. To do this, the first wedge is driven in and the entire perimeter of the structure is marked from it, fixing the corners with wedges. A construction cord is pulled between them. At this stage, it is very important to maintain the correct angle, as this will subsequently affect the strength of the entire structure. To verify this, you need to check the diagonals of the resulting square. If they are the same, then the marking is done correctly and the angle of 90 degrees is observed.
Basically, for small wooden structures, a strip or columnar foundation is used. Since the construction of a wooden square gazebo is quite light, a columnar foundation is chosen as its base. To do this, pits up to 80 cm deep are made, a layer of sand (5-6 cm) is laid on their bottom and poured with a layer of concrete of approximately 8-10 cm.
When the concrete mixture hardens a little, the racks are lowered into it. They must be installed vertically. After the vertical alignment of the supports is made by the level, their position is fixed with temporary jibs.
An example of building a gazebo foundation using a metal profile.
It is possible to fasten the support rails using the adjustable anchors. For this, pieces of metal pipes of suitable size are placed in the pits, the solution is poured into the cavity of the pipe, and after a slight setting of the solution, fasteners (anchors) are installed. When the concrete has finally set (at least 48 hours), the vertical posts can be anchored. After installing all the supports, it is necessary to make sure that their position is correct: the distance between adjacent supports must be strictly the same along the entire height of the supports (bottom, middle and top).
How to build a gazebo correctly
In order to start building a gazebo with your own hands, you must first assess your financial capabilities, decide on the design and material from which it will be built. You should also be very careful about the location.
- It is advisable to have a certain sketch of the gazebo, with which you can calculate the required material. After all, you will be building a gazebo for more than one season, and here you need to clearly determine the design, size and purpose of the structure.
- Level the area if necessary. Lay a reliable and solid foundation if you plan to build a gazebo with a floor and use heavy materials in construction: brick, timber, log, etc. Roof construction also requires compliance with certain rules.
- It is necessary to calculate the cross-section of the girder floors, which will ensure the reliability of the roof under any load (snow, wind). The material for the roof can be very diverse; metal tiles, ondulin, slate and iron are perfect here.
- The roof should be in harmony with the general appearance of the gazebo. A high-quality and beautiful roof will give a finished look to the entire structure. When carrying out all construction work, do not forget about the elementary safety rules.
You should not use a faulty tool, work at height without additional insurance. By creatively approaching the construction process, you will get a cozy and comfortable place at the exit, where you can spend time with friends and family.
