The best herbicides for sunflower and the rules for their use

One of the economically significant crops in the world is considered sunflower... The seeds of the plant are valued, consisting of fifty percent oil. Sunflower is grown both in arid and cold regions, since it is not afraid of frosts up to minus five degrees and lack of moisture in the soil. The main enemy of high yields of sunflower is weeds. The risk of a decrease in sunflower yields due to plant oppression by weeds is more than sixty percent.

The control of unwanted vegetation in the fields is more successful with the use of herbicides. Thanks to chemical means of protecting sunflower from weeds during the growing season, the level of agricultural technology of the oil plant increases.

Content:

• The best sunflower varieties for growing
• The use of herbicides to increase crop yields
• Weed Control Drug Classification
• An Overview of Effective Sunflower Herbicides
• Terms and rules of application

The best sunflower varieties for growing

For the first time, sunflower was classified as an agricultural crop after aromatic oil was obtained from its seeds. Now no dish is cooked without sunflower oil.

During the period of sunflower cultivation, many varieties and hybrids of the plant have been bred in the fields. They have different ripening periods and growing conditions:

• The Rodnik variety occupies a leading position among others in terms of occupied areas. Sunflower has a short growing season of no more than 85 days. And the oil content of seeds is 55 percent. The spring is resistant to diseases and tolerates drought well. The crop is cultivated in the fields before sowing winter wheat.
• The highly productive sunflower is Lakomka, which is used for the production of oil and in confectionery. The culture can be grown everywhere, tolerates temperature changes well, is resistant to downy mildew, is not afraid of attack by moths, parasitic beetles.
• Tall, over two meters, the Flagman variety ripens by mid-September when sown in May. The plant yield reaches 45 centners per hectare.
• One of the productive sunflower species is the Master hybrid, obtained by crossing cultivated varieties with wild ones. Sunflower seeds are harvested from one hectare, yielding 36 centners of oil.
• The Yenisei sunflower, which ripens 90 days after planting, is famous for its large seeds. The variety is appreciated for the purity of the kernels, even after the stems collapse.
• The ultra-early ripening sunflower is Saratov, which ripens in 76 days. The main advantage of the variety is in the confectionery purpose of seeds for making halva, oriental sweets. The plant is resistant to diseases, drought, but gives low yields during the wet summer.

All varieties and hybrids of field crops are demanding on conditions crop rotationcleaning the soil from weeds.

The use of herbicides to increase crop yields

Herbicides are called chemicals that have a detrimental effect on weeds, protecting crops from them. It is unrealistic to weed huge areas with sunflower, therefore they use herbicidal treatment. Select for sunflower such means of protection against weeds that act throughout the growing season of the plant on annual weeds. With perennials - it is necessary to fight before sowing.

To increase the effect of herbicides, the composition and acidity of the soil are taken into account.

At low soil acidity decomposition of active ingredients is faster. Better bind the components of chemicals on clay and humus-rich soils. The effectiveness of herbicides increases with weather conditions. Moisture in the soil helps the herbicides bind to the ground better. Thanks to this, the planned sunflower harvests are preserved.

The effect of herbicides depends on the quality of the field. If there are a lot of large lumps on it, then the result from the drugs will be reduced by half. The use of soil herbicides is important for raising the yield of sunflower.

Weed Control Drug Classification

Depending on the effect of herbicides on vegetation, they are divided into continuous and selective preparations. Preparations for the complete cleaning of the territory from plants are used to put in order wastelands, a site for construction or planting. For weed control in the fields, products that destroy a specific type of plant are suitable.

The active substances of the drugs cause the death of herbs when they come into contact with them - contact herbicides.

For weeds with a well-developed root system, it is better to use a systemic remedy. Herbicides are classified according to the terms of use. Before sowing sunflower, pre-emergence agents are used. Granules of root preparations are embedded in moist soil, and the emerging green weeds are sprayed with leafy ones.

Postemergence agents are also produced that have a detrimental effect on weeds that have reached a length of 5-10 centimeters. Before the treatment of sunflower fields with herbicides, the instructions for spraying or introducing them into the soil are studied, a dose is selected that will relieve the site of contamination.

An Overview of Effective Sunflower Herbicides

Sunflower crops are treated with soil herbicides:

• The combined preparation Gardo Gold is effective against a wide range of weeds and is used in extreme weather. They are treated with plots before sowing. It is not necessary to cover the agent in the soil, it is not volatile. The preparation clears the field from both annual cereals and perennial dicotyledonous grasses.
• If the sunflower contains more dicotyledonous weeds such as thistle, sow thistle, then it is better to use the drug Gezagard. Two or three liters of herbicide is enough to spray an area of ​​one hectare. For mixed type of weeds, Dual Gold is used with this agent.
• Herbicide Dual Gold is used during the early growth of sunflower, it does not allow weeds to crush the seedlings of oilseeds. Possessing low volatility, the agent works for a long time. It has no toxic effect on bees, earthworms. The environmental friendliness of the drug in its safety for the environment. Without accumulating in the soil, Dual Gold components decompose into non-toxic components.
• In the fight against perennial weeds, Fuzilad Forte is used. The selectivity of the drug helps to destroy wheatgrass, wild oats, chaff, without harming the sunflower. After processing the fields, weeds stop growing and die in a week. You can achieve a quick result by spraying weeds that have reached a height of fifteen centimeters. The quality of processing depends on temperature values ​​in the range of 10-30 degrees above zero and the absence of rain.The concentration of the agent is selected depending on the density of the field clogging.
• Racer has a wide spectrum of action against broad-leaved and cereal weeds. It is used for pre-emergence processing of fields. Entering the plant through the roots and leaves, the active ingredient flurochloridone destroys weeds before they appear on the surface. Use the tool once a season, as it lasts for 2-4 months.

Together with herbicides harrowing and cultivation are used to combat weeds.

Terms and rules of application

Sunflower fields are treated with herbicides using sprayers. It can be both knapsack hand-held and motorized devices. In large areas, they cannot do without the help of technology. Sprayers are hung on the tractor and the plantings are processed.

The working fluid is prepared in advance in tanks according to the instructions. To do this, take clean water, diluting the product in containers made of any plastic, stainless steel, aluminum. In order for the processing result to be reliable, determine the rate of fluid consumption in accordance with the area of ​​the site. When spraying from a tractor, it usually takes up to two hundred liters of diluted agent per hectare, manually - one and a half times more.

Since the action of herbicides is delayed for several months and even years, one treatment with them per season is enough.

After a month, the results of the drugs' action must be monitored. If the dose was calculated incorrectly, or weather conditions - wind, heat, rain - interfered with spraying, then the weediness of the field will remain high. Work with herbicides must be carried out by adults who have passed the instructions before starting work. It is better to choose dry weather with moderate air temperature for spraying, without rain.

During the use of chemicals, hands, eyes, respiratory organs of a person are protected with special individual means. Do not smoke while spraying with herbicides. It is better to choose a period for applying herbicides when the sunflower is strong enough and can quickly recover after treatment with chemicals.

More information can be found in the video: