Equipment for the production of wood concrete blocks: concrete mixer and concrete mixer - what is the difference? Drawings of the machine for making wood concrete with your own hands

Production line composition

The technological line for the manufacture of wood concrete products includes the following equipment:

wood chip cutter required for chipping wood chips (chipper); this machine is necessary if you do not want to purchase wood chips from a third-party organization, but plan to establish its production on your own;
a drier for wood chips (a heat gun can be successfully used for these purposes);
concrete mixer for forced-type wood concrete (mortar mixer), used to prepare mortar;
mixture dispenser;
vibrating table or vibrating press;
forms;
conical containers for cement and sand, made of sheet metal;
conveyor for supplying raw materials;
conveyor for supplying wood concrete mixture to the ramming area;
receiving hopper, from which the chips are transported to the chipper;
metal pallets for wood concrete blocks.

Chip Making Machine (Chip Cutter)

Stumps, roots, tree branches, trunk fragments, as well as waste from timber processing industries - all this can be processed into chips using chipping machines (another term is widely used - chippers). They are also called wood chippers, shredders or simply wood chips.

Drum chippers are most often used as wood chips. The processed raw materials are fed on an automatic conveyor. Further, the material is captured by the teeth in the receiving window of the machine and is gradually fed into the processing chamber. The chip cutter consists of two drums: an internal one with holes through which ready chips are poured out, and an external one, which is a protection against the scattering of wood raw materials. Several steel knives are fixed on the axle inside such a chip cutter. In the process of rotation, step by step, small pieces are cut off from the wood, and then they are thrown onto the unloading conveyor. The drum is fixed to the frame and rotates with an electric motor. The size of the chips obtained is 5-30 millimeters, depending on the knife extension and settings. After the chips are made, they need to be dried either in well ventilated area, or in a drying chamber. The wood chip cutter is an indispensable machine for the production of wood concrete.

On a note! Chips that have gone through two stages of processing (first in a chipper and then in a hammer mill) have the best characteristics.

Chip dryer

One of the main conditions for obtaining high-quality blocks is the use of dry chips in the mixture.

Therefore, drying is a very important operation. The drying unit itself is a device consisting of two drums: an external one with holes for supplying warm air from a heat gun and an internal rotating drum for mixing chips

Mortar mixer

The next stage of the technological cycle is the preparation of the mixture in a concrete mixer, which is a container, the volume of which can be calculated based on the planned productivity. For example, for the manufacture of wood concrete blocks in the amount of 800-1000 pieces, you will need a container with a volume of about 5 mᶟ. Inside the container there are blades that stir the solution. They are driven by a motor mounted above an agitator for wood concrete production.

Forms

The molds are made of metal, with side handles and removable top and bottom covers. The size of the form must match the size of the block.It is recommended to equip the matrices with latches that will fix the lid in a position that corresponds to the height of the block at the moment when the mixture is compacted.

Vibrating table

The vibrating table is a steel surface connected to the bed by means of springs. The table vibrates due to the rotation of an eccentric (a load with a displaced center of gravity), which is mounted on the axis of a motor mounted on the lower surface of the table (drawings and manufacturing instructions can be found on the Internet).

Vibropress

The use of a vibrating press for the manufacture of wood concrete makes it possible to obtain products of increased density. The mixture is poured into a steel mold, covered with a lid and placed in a vibrating press, in which, under the action of jacks and vibration, the material shrinks.

Drying of finished blocks

If you want to to speed up the drying process of the blocks, it is necessary to organize a zone for finished products in a room near the chip dryer. And in the summer, you can use the area for drying. outdoors close to the production area under a rain canopy. It is allowed to stack blocks on top of each other after 4-5 days after their production, and storage of products in rows (in height) is recommended after 8-10 days.

Formation of wood concrete blocks

When the solution is ready, it is poured into a suitable container and now it must be used up within 15 minutes. To form and make wood concrete blocks with your own hands, a lot of methods have been invented - in production they are collapsible formwork for 6-12 blocks, and at home they are usually made one piece at a time in homemade stencils.

One of the manufacturing methods on video:

The wood concrete manufacturing technology provides for two molding options:

Fast stripping - after the initial setting of the cement. In fact, this is a non-stop process - the formation of a block (filling the solution into a mold), pressing (or vibropressing), stripping and sending for drying. Together with the preparation of the solution, even one person can make 80-100 blocks per day. The advantage of the method is the speed of manufacturing new wood concrete blocks and the non-stop process.
Stripping in a day - after pressing, the block is left in the mold for 24 hours, after which only stripping and drying is performed. Making wood concrete blocks with your own hands in this way can be even faster, but only if there are a sufficient number of forms in which wood concrete can be left overnight. The advantages of the method are the close to ideal shape of the block, which, after the concrete has set, does not have the possibility of even the slightest distortion.

The worse the geometry of the blocks, the thicker the cement joints between them will be, which form cold bridges. To reduce thermal conductivity, the blocks are given a zigzag shape, which breaks such a bridge, preventing direct heat outflow.

To form blocks, a special machine or stencils are used - all this equipment for wood concrete blocks can be made by hand.

Using the machine

Both devices can be used in any of the methods, but their machine is often made for quick demoulding, to increase the pace of production. Their indisputable advantage is block pressing on a vibrating table. The formation process itself is simple and the equipment can be trusted by workers with minimal training.

The work of the semiautomatic machine on the video:

The finished mixture is poured into a measuring container (1), which is displaced on the guides (2), pouring the solution into the mold (3).
On top of the solution, the cover (5) of the press is installed (its height can be adjusted by pins (6) for people of different heights) and pressed down by the lever (7).
After pressing down, the vibrating table (8) is switched on. It works for 20-30 seconds and turns off automatically (you can use the simplest time relay) - you cannot ram for longer, because then the cement will be shaken off to the bottom of the block.
The lever leans back (9), the press cover is removed (10) and the mold rises up (11), for which the pedal is pressed.

The finished wood concrete block can be taken for drying (12). After 2-3 days, it will gain sufficient strength for transportation.

To use the stripping method, after a day, the mold is made collapsible and removable, and the top cover can be fixed in it with latches or in another convenient way. After tamping, the block is removed directly from the mold and sent for settling.

Arbolit using a stencil

There are two main types of molds used - in the form of a box without a bottom and top, as well as collapsible, in the form of two letters "G", which snap together around the bottom to form a rigid box covered with a lid. It, in turn, is also fixed with separate latches, which are cut into the side walls.

No matter which mold is used, the basic algorithm is as follows:

The box is being prepared for filling the wood concrete mixture. The pass-through is placed on a hard surface (1) covered with cellophane (so that the block does not stick), the whole box is moistened from the inside.
The first layer of the mixture is poured in, compacted, the second layer is added on top, if necessary the third and covered with a lid. On the through box (2) oppression lies (a weight or something suitable), at the collapsible upper part is fixed with latches (3).
If you have a punch at hand, you can walk it over the lid, this will replace the vibrating table.
Depending on the technology used, the formwork is removed or the mold is left to stand.

If the through-box is quickly stripped, then first it is it that rises up (4), then the bending is removed and the cover is removed. The block is sent for drying along with the base on which it was formed.

Advantages and disadvantages of wood concrete blocks

The manufacturing technology and composition of the material endows it with many qualities useful for construction.

Environmental safety for the consumer (the blocks do not emit substances harmful to humans and animals into the atmosphere).
Low thermal conductivity (lower than that of products made from other types of concrete, with the exception of some types of foam concrete).
Excellent sound insulation (4 times higher than that of conventional bricks).
Non-flammability.
Decent frost resistance.
Sufficient strength, which is guaranteed by the tightly adhered chips.
Light weight of the material, facilitating the installation process and reducing the load on the foundation.
Small shrinkage (up to 0.5%).
Ease of processing, allowing you to cut products and install fasteners in them.
Resistant to stress cracking.
No need to use plaster mesh when decorating block walls.

Block advantages

However, it is necessary to take into account some of the disadvantages of wood concrete blocks:

high moisture absorption (up to 85%), which has to be dealt with with the help of waterproofing;
poor geometry, which requires an increase in the consumption of masonry mortar and leads to heat loss;
high cost of finished products;
not too aesthetic appearance of the material, which requires mandatory finishing;
during laying, a significant part of the solution gets into the cavities, which are heat insulators (but the structure becomes stronger).

Before purchasing a product, it is necessary to check the documentation, otherwise there is an opportunity to run into products made "handicraft", which often leads to a decrease in their quality.

The geometry of such blocks leaves much to be desired.

Typically, geometry problems are caused by block stripping immediately after pressing. The elastic mixture expands, as a result of which the deviation in dimensions can be up to 2 cm.

A number of disadvantages are eliminated in a new type of product - wood concrete block with an outer layer of foam concrete.At the same time, an organic-based substance should be used as a foaming agent in order to preserve the environmental safety of products.

Porous wood concrete block

How to organize sales

Before proceeding with the organization of production, one should think over the sales markets for the finished product. Competently organized marketing and advertising campaigns, participation in exhibitions and forums, cooperation with construction companies will quickly bring the desired results.

To work with large volumes of products, it is better to organize the wholesale of wood concrete blocks.

You can sell products:

through wholesale, wholesale-retail and retail bases and stores of building materials;
individuals;
organizing advertising campaigns, submitting ads to the media.

Retail sales shouldn't be discounted. The best option would be to combine wholesale and retail sales of wood concrete blocks.

Despite the high competition in the construction industry, the launch of a wood concrete production plant will pay off quickly enough. This building material is in increasing demand, its manufacturing technology is quite simple, and raw materials are cheap and affordable. You just need to find a suitable premises, purchase equipment and start production.

07.03.2020

DIY instructions

Preparation of raw materials

Sift wood chips through a fine sieve to remove dust, sand, small inclusions.
Pour 6 buckets of filler into the mixer. Start the drum.
Dissolve 300-400 ml of chemical additive in 1 bucket of water.
Pour water slowly into the rotating drum. Wait a few minutes for the chips to be evenly wetted with the solution.
Add 1 bucket of M500 dry cement to the drum in small portions. Bring the mixture to a homogeneous state.

Molding

Pour the finished mixture into a trough or pallet, from where it will be convenient to pick it up with a shovel.
Cover the pallet on which you will form the blocks with foil.
Place the mold in the corner of the pallet.
Fill the mold to the brim with a shovel, tamp the mass with a bar. Its shrinkage will be about 30%

Top up with concrete if necessary.
Place the lid in the mold, tap it evenly with a hammer until it comes down to the internal block height marks.
Carefully, keeping the vertical position, remove the box from the unit.

Remove the cover.
Place the mold box 15–20 cm from the finished product and start molding the next one.

To obtain the highest quality blocks, stripping should be done no earlier than 24 hours after the product is formed. During this time, the strength of the block will reach 30%. In this case, it is better to make several dozen wooden formwork, which can be removed and used every 2-3 days. The blocks will reach 100% strength after 30 days of storage in a warm place protected from precipitation and wind.

Calculation of raw material consumption

Calculate the required amount of wood concrete based on the total area of the bearing walls minus the area of the openings.

If you intend to make standard blocks 20x30x50 cm, then one block in the plane of the wall occupies 0.20 x 0.50 = 0.1 m².
Dividing the total wall area in m² by 0.1 m², you will get the number of wood concrete blocks in pieces.
The amount of finished wall material is measured in cubic meters. The volume of one block is 0.03 m³.
1 m³ of wood concrete consists of 33 blocks.

For the manufacture of 1 m³ of wood concrete you will need:

250-300 kg of Portland cement.
250-300 kg of dry filler.
400 liters of water.
8-10 kg of chemical additives.

Equipment and tools

On sale there are machines for making wood concrete blocks at home. They facilitate and speed up time-consuming work, but are expensive. If you need wall material only for your home, and you are not afraid of the length of the process, you can do without expensive equipment.

You will need:

forced action concrete mixer;
shovel;
forms for blocks;
polyethylene film;
wooden pallets;
hammer;
tamper bar.

For the manufacture of wood concrete, a forced-action concrete mixer is used

The mold is made from steel sheet or wooden formwork. The metal mold has two parts. The box is made of steel with a section of 1.0–1.5 mm. Its size is 30 x 50 cm, height is 30 cm. The lid is made of steel with a section of 3.0 mm and measures 33 x 53 cm. On the inner walls of the box at a height of 20.5 cm from the bottom, apply clearly visible marks. It is even better to weld hooks about 5 mm high along the line of the mark, which will fix the lid to the given block thickness.

The mold for wood concrete blocks is made of steel with a section of 1.0–1.5 mm

Wooden formwork can be made from edged boards: a box with a size of 31 x 51 cm along the inner walls and a press cover of 33 x 53 cm.The height of the box is 30 cm.The inner walls of the box and the bottom of the cover should be pasted over with linoleum so that the concrete mass does not stick to them surface.

We collect the nodes of the chip cutter

We carry out the assembly in the following sequence:

We assemble the chipping block: we put bearings, a disk with knives and hammers on the shaft;
We prepare the body for installation: cut out the holes for the working shaft, receiving hopper and unloading of chips;
We drill the necessary holes for the assembly bolts and weld the hopper funnel at an angle;
We assemble the drive: we fix the engine on the frame, mount the pulleys and put on a belt (you can use a car belt);
We attach the chipping unit to the frame and close it with a protective case (to avoid accidents);
We make an idle test run.

Wood chip cutter, assy

If the machine is needed solely for your own purposes, then it makes sense to make a whisper for wood concrete with your own hands, since if you buy it in the factory version, it will not cost very cheaply. The wood chip cutter made can be placed under a canopy in the garden or in the garage.

How to make a wood chip cutter with your own hands: drawings, construction device

At the final stage, the chips with the help of the blades fall on the sieve and fly out of the chip cutter through the unloading hole. At the entrance, the receiving hopper is designed as a funnel in order to simplify the supply of raw materials for processing and to make this process safe for hands.

With an increase in the rotational speed of the shaft with a disc, a certain amount of wood raw material can be ground into dust naturally, this is bad, although the performance of the chip cutter increases.

The necessary drawings, according to which a home-made rotary hammer crusher can be made for the production of wood concrete, are presented below. Since the equipment is homemade, the dimensions of the parts will have to be selected based on their own material. Working drawings of different wood chips may differ in size and in the presence of certain units, but the principle of operation remains the same. After applying voltage B to the equipment, the electric motor transfers its rotation by means of a V-belt transmission to a drum with blades 4 through a pulley 14 and a shaft.

It is only necessary to put wood waste into the feeding hopper, which is immediately processed into chips of the optimal length up to 25 mm. Having assembled a wood chipper for wood concrete with your own hands and keeping the distance between the hammers in a wood concrete crusher, you can produce wood chips up to 25 millimeters long and about 5 millimeters wide. Such chips are ideal for making wood concrete blocks or making monolithic wood concrete. It is performed at a certain angle, due to which the branches are not thrown back.

If you plan to build a house from self-made wood concrete blocks or monolithic wood concrete, then you need wood chips. Using it, you will significantly improve the quality of the blocks, and later, after the completion of all construction work, it will come in handy as a garden shredder for processing waste left after the autumn harvesting of the garden, as well as trimming shrubs and trees.You can make a wood chip cutter for wood concrete using a certain set of tools and materials at hand. The main units of the machine are a chipping disc with knives and a rotor with hammers and blades.

Before constructing a wood chip cutter with your own hands, you need to prepare all the details. To make a disc, you need a metal sheet with a thickness of mm.

What a chip cutter consists of

The diameter of the finished product should be approximately mm. A hole is made in the center where the key is placed, and symmetrical slots are made along the outer perimeter. Chips will be discharged through them.

Holes are prepared for fastening the knives. A do-it-yourself chip cutter can be assembled using a finished disc. In any case, the disk will simultaneously be a flywheel.

To prepare knives, each of which should have two holes, it is most often recommended to take springs from a car. The chipper knives are fixed with bolts, which are unscrewed and tightened with a hex wrench. This fact is explained by the fact that the screws for the screwdriver are not tightened so tightly. Hammers are understood as flat metal plates, the thickness of which is about 5 mm.

They are located on the rotor. These are the parts that it is better to buy ready-made. It is necessary to prepare a sieve. When installing the knives in the chipper, it is necessary to ensure the required alignment of the knives behind the plane of the disc.

The difference in the exhibition of knives should not exceed 0.2 mm.

Grinding mode

The cutting edges of the knives should lie in the same plane, the gap between the cutting knives and counter-knives should be uniform 0.

After sharpening the knives at the required angle, make an additional sharpening on the reverse side of the chamfer at a width of 0. After each regrinding, the knives must be at rest for at least x hours to relieve fatigue stresses. Note: Chipping knives made of other steel grades are accompanied by additional information to the instructions.

About company. Photo gallery Video gallery. Available in warehouse: 26 units Shipment of Junkkari hjg chipper to Drovokol hydraulic wood splitting machine Japa Finland Quantity: 1 pc. Palax Motti firewood packer Quantity: 4 pcs.

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Production technology

If there are blocks inside the mold, specialists carry out stripping followed by lubrication of the parts with emulsol. After the completion of the procedure, the assembly is performed. Next, a standard cycle is initiated, according to which blocks are produced from wood concrete. It takes no more than 15 minutes to complete it with 4 employees working.

The sequence of actions in the production of each wood concrete block is as follows.

The aggregate is loaded into the dispenser. The latter is fixed to an elevator that feeds material into the interior of the mixer. Some models of production equipment provide for the use of a mechanism for lifting the dispenser.
A mineralizing solution is added to the aggregate, then Portland cement.
The technique independently mixes the components for three to five minutes, after which it feeds the finished mixture to a vibrating press with a vibrating table.
The mixture is leveled, each cell receives its own contact plate. Then the vibrating table is raised to reach the level of the ramming plates. Here the materials are compressed using a press and mold.
Do-it-yourself specialists install clamps for the contact plate that interacts with the form.

Advantages and disadvantages of building material

Arbolite blocks are characterized by high energy efficiency, which allows them to be used to equip the walls of the house from the outside. The density of the building material does not allow it to be used in the construction of multi-storey buildings, therefore, such blocks are relevant only for the construction of low-rise buildings. The material withstands loads during sharp temperature fluctuations, which contribute to the formation of cracks on the walls of the house.

The thermal insulation properties of the material exceed those of bricks and pure concrete building blocks. It has absorbed all the best qualities of wood, while remaining fireproof, non-destructive and non-smoking under the influence of high temperatures and direct fire. A house made of wood concrete blocks retains heat for a long time when the heating is turned off, even at negative temperatures outside. The service life of the material directly depends on its quality and operating procedure. It retains its properties in the temperature range from +25 to -500C. With the alternation of severe frosts and thaws, the shelf life of wood concrete is reduced.

The material is relatively inexpensive, it is easy to adjust it to the desired size, however, the blocks do not differ in an aesthetic appearance, therefore, cladding will be needed to give the structure a respectable look. Errors in block sizes, which are difficult to avoid during the production process, can cause uneven seam laying. The low weight of the blocks allows you to save on the quality of the foundation, since high loads will not be applied to it.