GOST iso 4035-2014 low hexagon nuts with chamfer (type 0). accuracy classes a and b

Marking

The most important thing when marking any kind of nuts is given to the designation of their strength. This indicator displays the maximum permissible load that can be generated during operation. Additionally, the marking shows the dimensions of the structure. Strength is calculated taking into account the section, the height of the fastener and the material used for it.

Nuts of classes 4-6, 8-10, and also have the highest level of strength. In such cases, the height of the product will be at least 4/5 of the diameter. The coarse thread is another distinguishing feature. With the same proportions of height and cross-section, but using fine threads, fasteners of medium strength are obtained. It falls into 5, 6, 8, 10, or 12 categories.

The bolt, of course, must have a similar level, because otherwise a stable pairing is impossible. Models of categories 04 and 05 have the smallest strength. Their height can be 0.5-0.8 of the total section. It is not difficult to decipher the strength marking of the nuts. The first figure should be understood as the lowest load level; the second number is increased by 100 times and thus the voltage rating is obtained.

Requirements

All the necessary requirements that must be observed in the production of connecting nuts can be found in GOST 8959-75. There you can also find a detailed table with all possible dimensions of these construction fasteners. In it you can also find an approximate diagram that reflects the most general design of these nuts.

The weight of all zinc-coated connectors must not exceed the weight of non-zinc-coated models by no more than 5%. In GOST 8959-75, it will be possible to find the exact shape for calculating the optimal value of the thickness of the metal walls.

Also, there will be indicated the standard values ​​\ u200b \ u200bof the diameters of the nuts, expressed in millimeters, such parameters can be 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50 mm. But there are also models with other parameters. In this case, you need to choose fasteners, taking into account the type of connection, the dimensions of the parts that will be attached to each other.

All manufactured connecting parts must fully comply with the dimensions specified in the GOST data.

For the production of nuts, DIN 6334 must also be followed. All technical standards contained in this manual are developed by the German Institute for Standardization. So, the dimensions (diameter, cross-sectional area), the total mass of each of the elements are also spelled out there.

Peculiarities

The union nut is a small circular retainer with a long thread on the inside. This part of the part is attached to the external thread of another product (screw, bolt, stud).

These types of nuts can have a different outer part. Models in the form of hexagons are considered a traditional option. There are also samples in the form of a loop or a small cap. Compared to other types of nuts, the connecting models have a longer length.

In this case, the fasteners provide additional strength and reliability.

The outer part of these fixing products is always equipped with several edges. They act as a solid support for the wrench during installation work.

Mounting nuts can differ significantly from each other in the type of material from which they are made, in terms of strength, and the cleanliness of processing. Most often, such fasteners are made from different types of steel (alloy, carbon).

Also in stores you can find models made of copper, aluminum, brass, bronze and even platinum base. Copper products are often used when working in the electrical field, they can act as a circuit connector. Specimens made from platinum are not used very often, they are mainly used in medicine.

According to the cleanliness of processing, all union nuts can be divided into several main categories.

• Clean. Such models of fixing parts outwardly look the most neat in comparison with other products. They are carefully processed from all sides with grinding tools.
• Medium. These models have a smooth and even surface on only one side. It is with this part that they fall into other details.
• Black. These samples are not processed with grinding wheels at all during the manufacturing process. Their production technology includes only stamping and threading.

As a rule, all union nuts are additionally zinc-coated during production. It acts as a protective layer that prevents possible corrosion on the surface of the fasteners.

In addition to zinc coating, nickel or chromium can also be used as a protective layer. Often, special flanges are included in the same set with such products. They are needed in order to protect the nut from possible deformations.

These fasteners are quite simple and convenient to use, they can be quickly installed with your own hands without much effort.

All models of such nuts have good resistance to various temperature conditions, chemical and mechanical stress.

Areas of use

In everyday life, a square nut can be found only occasionally. But in industry, such a product has become completely commonplace. This type of fastener is widely demanded in the construction of various buildings and structures. Square nuts are used when anchoring needs to be performed (for this purpose, engineers have even developed a special subtype).

They are also used for electrical work in various fields.

From other industries, you can immediately point out the impressive popularity of the square nut:

• in general mechanical engineering;
• in the shipbuilding industry;
• in the manufacture of machine tools;
• in the creation of aircraft of all types;
• in the preparation of tractors, winnowing machines and other agricultural machines;
• in repair and service enterprises for the repair of industrial equipment, vehicles.

Species overview

For the installation of structures in housings with thin walls, the use of nuts according to DIN 557 is recommended. There are no sharp corners in this version. One of the ends is equipped with chamfers, while the plane of the other end has no deviations from the even shape. After installation, the nut will be completely motionless. Fasteners are made by screwing in the rod part.

DIN 557 only applies to products with threads from M5 to M16. In this case, accuracy class C is applied. If there are special shapes or unique designs, DIN 962 can be used. Acceptance control is carried out according to DIN ISO 3269. Thread size M25 has been excluded from the standard since 1985.

It is also useful to pay attention to the anchor nut that complies with DIN 798. This type of fastener is widely used for fastening roof structures

It is usually used in close conjunction with anchor bolts. However, such fasteners are only relevant for light loads. Due to the small number of turns, this solution is not suitable for critical structures.

The strength class of nuts according to this standard can be:

• 5;
• 8;
• 10.

If there are very high requirements for the quality of the connection, you can use the weld-on nuts DIN 928. They are originally designed for the maximum requirements for the quality of the fasteners. This method of joining is especially relevant in the engineering industry, where a poor-quality, unreliable connection can result in serious consequences. DIN 928 nuts are fixed by melting special projections on the lugs. Since acid-resistant stainless steels are used for their manufacture, there is no need to fear the onset of corrosion over time.

Of particular note are the body square nuts. In terms of their structure, they are noticeably more complex than any of the listed types. Contrary to the name, this product is in demand not only in the automotive industry and in auto repair.It is also widely used to secure cables, wires and various other electrical structures. This solution is also suitable for tightly tightening sheets.

The antennae make it easier to insert into special passages. But this is achieved only by pressing the "antennae" themselves; when they are not secured, installation is carried out in the same way as with a simple nut.

The installation of the body square nut does not require special skills and / or special tools. With enough dexterity, you can get by with ordinary carpenter's pliers and a screwdriver. Another important "tool" is a certain amount of patience. Of course, the reliability will not be the same as that achieved with welding. However, this solution is technologically simpler and does not weaken the metal.

Types and sizes

The widespread use of cap hardware is due to the abundance of their types and sizes. GOST 11860-85 provides for 2 designs of cap nuts - spherical (version 1) and flatter (version 2). They differ in the depth of the cap. Version 2 requires a more precise adjustment of the bolt length. If this is neglected, then not all threads will be involved and the connection will lose strength or the top of the bolt will rest against the cap and the nut will be impossible to tighten. Therefore, execution 1 is more common.

Some companies make custom-made cap nuts from a drawing or sketch. Their shape, size, material and finish may differ from the generally accepted ones. They will fully meet the requirements of the customer. Some types are equipped with a collar for washer or sealing washer. Some nuts have additional nylon rings. Thanks to this, the connection withstands vibration better, and the likelihood of arbitrary loosening is minimal.

All the abundance of options is standardized by GOST 11860-85 (for domestic products) and DIN 1587 (for foreign products). So, the nominal thread diameter should be:

• M3;
• M4;
• M6;
• M8;
• M10;
• M12;
• М14 (not recommended for use);
• M16;
• М18 (not recommended for use);
• M20;
• М22 (not recommended for use);
• M24.

The thread pitch is large and small.

• The coarse pitch is used by default and is not indicated in the labeling. It ranges from 0.5 to 3 mm and depends on the nominal thread diameter. Such fasteners perform better under heavy loads, have higher thread accuracy and lower cost.
• The fine pitch can only be found in the M8, M10, M14 and M24 nuts. It tolerates small vibration and alternating loads better, therefore such nuts are used in high-precision mechanisms in mechanical engineering and other fields of technology.

GOST 11860-85 also specifies other requirements.

• The diameter of the circumscribed circle is from 6 to 40 mm. This must be taken into account if the nut is placed in a socket for a socket wrench or for calculating the location of the bolt when the connection is at the very edge of the parts.
• The size of the nut on a turnkey basis is from 5.5 to 36 mm. When choosing a hardware, you can immediately determine the size of the tool with which this nut will be tightened, and select it in advance.
• The smallest turnkey height is from 2.75 to 15 mm. This is necessary to calculate the clamping force or the dimensions of the connection so that the hardware does not go beyond the dimensions of the parts.
• Weight of 1000 pieces of nuts - from 0.92 kg (with a section of 3 mm) to 192.6 kg (with a section of 24 mm). The weight of the fasteners must also be taken into account, especially if the connection is made on the moving parts of the precision mechanism or the support is not reliable.

Also, this GOST provides links to other documents that determine the design features of cap nuts and its properties. So, GOST:

• 10549 - thread undercut;
• 24705 - geometric dimensions of the thread and tolerances for its deviations;
• 1759.3 - surface defects of hardware and methods of their control;
• 1759.1 - maximum deviations of the shape of nuts and dimensional accuracy;
• 1759.0 - technical requirements for already manufactured hardware, their mechanical properties and appearance.

DIN 1587 defines the dimensions and material for the production of blind nuts. This could be:

• carbon, alloy steels;
• structural and stainless steels;
• galvanized or other coated steels (chrome-plated, galvanized);
• non-ferrous metals, brass, bronze, aluminum;
• hard plastics.

Thread diameter - from M4 to M24. A protective layer based on zinc or nickel can be applied to the surface.

Dimensions must be within:

• outer section of the cap - from 6.5 to 34 mm;
• the height of the hexagon is from 3.2 to 19 mm;
• total nut height - from 8 to 42 mm;
• the width of the "turnkey" hexagon is from 7 to 36 mm.

The standards do not apply to the shape of the cap bottom.

Marking

The marking is a special application that includes the main symbols reflecting the most significant properties and characteristics of these nuts. It can be found on almost all models. Graphic marks of marking can be both in-depth and convex. Their sizes are approved by the manufacturer.

All signs are most often applied either on the sides of the nuts, or on the end parts. In the first case, all designations are made in-depth. All models that have a thread diameter of 6 millimeters or more are necessarily marked.

If three small dots are made on the metal, then this means that the sample belongs to the fifth class. If there are six points on the surface, then the product should be attributed to the eighth strength class.

On the surface, nominal diameters can also be indicated: M3, M4, M5, M6, M8, M10, M12, M14, M16, M20, M24, M25 and others. The thread pitch can also be prescribed. All of these parameters are expressed in millimeters.

For the types of nuts, see the video.

ОПМ 103011-1 Cage nut for installation in a square hole

Materials:

Cage: spring steel C67S

Nut: steel, strength class 6, zinc coated