Primer for facade works for painting

Primer for facade work for painting - what is it for?

Precipitation and other factors will gradually erode any coatings that are used outdoors. Even siding and the use of other modern materials do not completely protect against this. Building materials break down too quickly without pretreatment under these conditions.

Facade primer for exterior works contributes to:

• Subsequent finishing with reduced material consumption;
• Increased moisture resistance. Moisture will not be absorbed, even with prolonged rains;
• Increased strength for the base. For example, cement plasters often crumble and crumble due to their loose structure. It is enough to use deep penetration primers to avoid such negative effects;
• Stable topcoat, even distribution, reliable grip.

Other components can be added to the compositions to improve the initial properties.

Building materials break down too quickly without pretreatment under these conditions.

Properties and application

Primer compositions from different manufacturers may differ, however, some general characteristics of soils can still be distinguished:

• The mass fraction of volatile substances contained in deep penetration primers is 13 - 20%. The main component of the composition is water;
• The density of the primer composition is equal to the density of water, only some manufacturers produce primers, the density of which is somewhat higher;
• Average soil consumption ranges from 100 to 200 g / m2. This significant variation is due to the different absorbent characteristics of the base being processed;
• Complete drying takes place within 2-3 hours, depending on the amount of water included in the primer. Optimal conditions for fast drying are considered to be + 20C and 65 - 70% relative humidity.

In addition to ready-to-use primers, there are concentrated mixtures. Before application, they must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 5, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations.

Application

The use of a deep penetration primer is necessary when finishing surfaces such as:

• Cement plaster before applying putty or paint. A layer of primer prevents shedding of the base and reduces the absorbency of the base, which allows to reduce paint consumption and prevents small abrasive particles from entering it;
• Painted brickwork. The primer prevents chipping of the seams and binds dust;
• Lime whitewashing before wallpapering. The acrylic resins included in the primer, when interacting with whitewash, create a solid base that does not flake off under the influence of moisture and mechanical stress.

Application methods

Before applying a layer of primer, the following preparatory steps must be performed:

1. Thoroughly clean the surface from peeling paint fragments, swollen plaster, etc. Check the plastered surface for swelling and voids; this can be done with the help of careful tapping, a characteristic sound will be heard in the places of delamination. If such areas are found, the exfoliated plaster should be removed;
2. Clean the surface from dirt and dust with a vacuum cleaner or brush.

Primer application can be done in several ways:

• Using a roller. This method is the most common because it provides minimal primer consumption and high productivity.Places inaccessible to the roller are additionally primed with a paint brush;
• Using a spray bottle. This option is less common because it requires a special tool. The advantages of this method include low soil consumption and the absence of the need for additional priming of hard-to-reach places;
• The use of a wide paintbrush significantly increases material consumption and reduces productivity, however, in the absence of a roller or sprayer, it is quite acceptable.

Rules for applying the mixture

It is necessary to adhere to certain stages of priming.

Therefore, you should not neglect the processing rules, which consist of the following points.

1. Preparation of the base surface for the application of impregnating mixtures is important. To do this, the base should be cleaned of dirt, rust, and large and small cracks should be repaired.
2. Study the instructions for each container with the mixture. When using concentrated products, the primer should be diluted to the desired consistency.
3. The surface is treated with the means from top to bottom using special tools. It is most convenient to use a roller, spray gun or brush. Depending on the type and properties of the base material, it can be primed one to three times.
4. Leave the solution on the surface until it dries completely. The average time is about 24 hours. If there is high humidity or significant fluctuations in ambient temperature, you must wait a few days.

At low temperatures, it is undesirable to carry out priming of external surfaces. Because this can lead to a violation of the properties of the mixture. It is better to wait until the thermometer rises above + 5 degrees.

How to use a concrete primer

Plaster and other finishing materials are applied to the prepared base. The primer is so important because it strengthens the concrete and fills in microscopic pores and cracks. After drying, the compositions have no color, they are applied in 2-3 layers. Wait until the previous one is completely dry before applying.

First, dust and dirt are removed from the concrete base, damage is restored. For repainting, it is sometimes necessary to completely remove the old coating. Grind the primer before applying. You can use any convenient tool:

• Brush;
• Roller;
• Spray.

It is advisable to use a sander to prepare the floors. It will remove the cement laitance from the new base, open the pores. For dedusting, it is best to have a construction vacuum cleaner, but you can do it with the tools at hand.

It is advisable to use a sander to prepare the floors.

Before carrying out work, you need to make sure that the manufacturer's instructions are followed: temperature, humidity, compatibility with other materials. The ripening period of freshly laid concrete structures is at least 28 days under normal conditions. At high humidity, the time increases.

Concrete primers can be prepared by the manufacturer, or the instructions will indicate the preparation method. Dry mixtures must be diluted with water, two-phase components are mixed in the required proportions, alkyd requires a solvent.

The required protective equipment depends on the toxicity. Gloves are required to use water-dispersion primers, and a respirator for polyurethane and epoxy primers.

The ripening period of freshly laid concrete structures is at least 28 days under normal conditions.

Tips and tricks for use

Applying a primer on concrete is one of the simplest stages of work, but even here you can make mistakes, which will then affect the quality of the repair. What should be foreseen?

Primers for concrete from different manufacturers are different, so mixing them is unacceptable. It is also impossible to process the walls in the same room with different primers, especially if you are going to paint or plaster.This is possible only under the wallpaper. It is best to calculate the approximate costs in advance and purchase all materials of the same brand.

In stores, you can find brush, roller and tray “primer kits”. In the open air, the soil quickly loses its quality, so small containers are used. Apply the solution with a brush in hard-to-reach places. A roller is best with a long telescopic handle: no need to step on a ladder. Materials:

• Foam: for solutions with a viscous consistency of the "concrete-contact" type;
• Fur: ​​almost universal;
• Velor: if the surface is very smooth.

Professionals do not advise using a spray gun, but the manufacturer may indicate this method in the instructions. First, special thinners are often required, for example for adhesion primers. Secondly, a very thin layer is applied, and it will take more time for the necessary preparation. In addition, microparticles create a suspension in the air, you need to be in a mask and glasses when performing work.

The primers are colorless, but the room should be prepared in advance as for painting: cover the floors, apply masking tape, if required. Apply a primer from top to bottom or away from you. Long-handled rollers make it easy to handle floors and ceilings.

Primers for concrete from different manufacturers are different, so mixing them is unacceptable.

How to choose a primer for facades

It is necessary to take into account what type of building is being processed. Then the flow rate decreases, the distribution over the surface becomes uniform. Other results can be achieved by making the right decision when purchasing a facade primer.

It is necessary to take into account what type of building is being processed.

For wooden facades

Antiseptic properties require additional attention in this case. After all, it is required to protect the source material from the appearance of harmful microorganisms. This will prevent mold and fungal infections. If you purchase the composition correctly, silicone or other, it will cope with all the tasks that the owners of wooden facades face.

It is required to protect the source material from the appearance of harmful microorganisms.

For concrete and brick facades

Here, plastering assumes an increase in adhesion between materials. This should be emphasized when buying. The use of bark beetle plaster gives an advantage to everyone who is interested in solving the following problems:

• Increased strength;
• Providing protection;
• Decoration of the walls that make up the outer layer.

This material allows you to create a surface that really seems to have been eaten by the bugs from the name. A robust formulation that can withstand heavy use under all conditions. Decorative trim on top in this case will look good, the compositions are suitable for any outdoor work. Perfectly fits over the primer paint. Then the concrete is reliably protected.

A durable formulation that can withstand heavy use under all conditions.

For metal surfaces

Corrosion protection requires the most attention. The optimal solution is one of the primer enamels, to which the bark beetle is added as a rust converter. Such a facade soil will allow creating an even coating, protected from negative influences, with minimal losses.

Corrosion protection requires the most attention.

Composition and specifications

The main components of a rust primer are:

1. Solvent.
2. A substance that serves as a binding element.
3. Plasticizers to improve adhesion, protect the metal surface, etc.
4. Coloring pigment.

The characteristics of primers, including products applied to rust, depend on the components.The main qualities of such substances are the conditional viscosity, the proportion of non-volatile ingredients, bending elasticity, shock resistance, hardness, adhesion in points, and resistance to temperature extremes.

Consumption for 1 m2

This indicator depends on the condition of the metal part to be processed, the number of corrosion spots, the depth of rust damage and other nuances. Average rates of consumption of a primer for metal for rust:

• Primary priming, with the exception of epoxy-based formulations - 150-350 ml per square meter.
• Rust primer based on epoxy or alkyd resin - 110-160 g per square.
• Use of a universal composition - 80-140 ml per meter of surface.

How to choose?

If you plan to purchase a primer for finishing work, you must first decide on a few important points. The first and most important factor is the material from which the surface to be treated is made. Manufacturers produce mixtures based on the characteristics of the bases.

Concrete and brick surfaces are highly durable compared to many options. Based on this, we can conclude that these grounds do not require additional strengthening. It should not be forgotten that concrete and brick have a dense surface that is smooth, and this factor affects the adhesion to the finish. This suggests that it is best to give preference to a composition with high adhesive qualities.

As for the metal, these surfaces are more susceptible to corrosion than others. In this case, it is best to choose compositions in which quartz sand is present. Experts recommend giving preference to primers with anti-corrosion additives. This will provide the surface with a rough texture and improve adhesion to finishing materials.

Wooden buildings are especially prone to rotting. In addition, the material is often susceptible to damage by various insect pests. Do not forget that wood is easily and quickly ignited. Therefore, experts recommend giving preference to formulations that include fire retardants and antiseptics. Primers containing resins reduce the absorbency of the material.

Types of primers for metal

There are several main varieties. The consumption per square meter is different for each type. To obtain good results, the composition is applied to the product before using finishing materials, including decorative ones. White is no exception.

For good results, the composition is applied to the product before finishing materials are applied.

Phosphating

A mixture based on orthophosphate acid together with solvents. A universal type of composition, combined with different types of metal surfaces. Recommended to be applied on surfaces that are free from corrosion. Then the material is quick-drying.

They have the following positive qualities:

• After priming metal surfaces, adhesion is increased;
• Combination with paints based on epoxy or ethanol, alkyd;
• High level heat resistance with the ability to withstand 150-200 degrees above zero;
• A surface with dielectric properties after application, including when using an alkyd variety.

Poor corrosion protection in some cases is the only drawback. Typically applied to galvanized surfaces, steel or aluminum. It is better to exclude the aqueous composition under such conditions.

A universal type of composition, combined with different types of metal surfaces.

Passivating

It is important to purchase solutions that have a high concentration of chromium salts in the composition. If it is low, corrosion processes only intensify.

Due to some varieties, the state of metals becomes passive from active.

Corrosion inhibitors often include:

• Zinc;
• Lead;
• Calcium;
• Barium;
• Strontium chromates.

After using such a composition, metal products simply cease to interact with the environment. Dichromate salts are an excellent option for protecting aluminum structures. Deep penetration also protects them.

After using such a composition, metal products simply cease to interact with the environment.

Isoning

Of neutral pigments, an excellent example of which is red lead iron. It contributes to the creation of a film on the surface with increased resistance to moisture. But the rusting process is still activated, since the protective effect itself does not last long.

It contributes to the creation of a film on the surface with increased resistance to moisture.

Transformative

Allows use with products on which corrosion has already appeared. The appearance of another compound from rust, followed by instant splitting, is characteristic. Mixtures are created from surfactants that provide easy penetration into the metal structure. It is recommended to use passivating variants together with transforming ones.

Allows use with products on which corrosion has already appeared.

Protective

Anti-rust agents. The composition often contains powders with aluminum and zinc, magnesium. The efficiency of work for a specific situation is determined by the concentration of substances. Work more efficiently when the total number increases. Zinc dust is the most popular.

The efficiency of work for a specific situation is determined by the concentration of substances.

Inhibitory

Protection of metal from harmful influences in a wide range of applications. As a result of processing, the metal is covered with enamel-primer. The inhibitors themselves are intended to be dissolved in water or oil, with equal efficacy.

Protection of metal from harmful influences in a wide range of applications.

Alkyd

With passivating and insulating action at the same time. The composition contains fillers based on white, red lead and similar substances. A universal mixture for creating improved adhesion with other finishing and decorative materials. Good styling for alkyd colorants.

A universal mixture for creating improved adhesion with other finishing and decorative materials.

Composition and specifications

The primer for the facade differs from other types of external coatings, given the increased requirements for them. The necessary qualities are provided by the chemical and physical composition. The presence of certain components depends on the type of construction impregnation. The main options are represented by the following primers.

1. Acrylic - a solution of polymer resin acts as the main substance. Additional elements are water, vegetable components, sand, abrasive particles, and dyes. The mortars are versatile, suitable for most exterior walls. They have practically no toxic effect, odorless. Dry very quickly upon application. Well diluted with water.
2. Alkyd - the base substance is a synthetic polymer that dries quickly and prevents corrosion. Therefore, it is successfully used for starting processing of wood and metal structures. Possesses high hygroscopic properties. Relatively inexpensive kind of base. Excellent base for ceramic tiles.
3. Mineral - the composition includes components such as lime, cement, gypsum. The mortar serves as a base when working with wet mineral materials - concrete, brick, plaster. The thick consistency evens out the outer coatings. However, an external primer should be selected taking into account the type of base coat.
4. Universal two-component based on a polyurethane component - suitable for most walls as a starting mortar. Convenient to use, dries quickly, has high resistance to external factors. The only drawback is the high price of a universal primer.
5. Base mortar with alkali-resistant quartz sand - creates an outer surface with a rough texture. Due to its special composition, it has unique properties that promote adhesion of materials.

Given the variety of facade primers, before purchasing, you must read the instructions for use.

Consumption for 1 m 2

For different types of mixtures, certain criteria are provided for the volume that is required for application. The composition of the outdoor primer determines the amount of substance required to sufficiently impregnate the walls. The calculation is carried out per square meter of coverage.

• If an acrylic facade primer is used, take up to 120 - 150 ml.
• Alkyd mixtures for wood, chipboard, MDP are used from 100 to 120 ml.
• When you need to prepare metal surfaces for painting, you need 80 - 120 ml of starting composition.
• When using primers for deep penetration of the facade, take about 100 ml.
• The amount of the mineral solution is 300 ml.
• Most anti-corrosive primer external mixtures are calculated on the basis of an amount of 60 to 80 g per square meter.

However, before buying, you should read the information on the label, where the manufacturer indicates the exact amount of outdoor mixture required for processing external surfaces. In this case, it is imperative to take into account the type of material on which the primer will be applied. The more pores and small cracks, the more the mixture will be needed.

Hygroscopic, loose material may require multiple layers. The volume of the consumable solution is influenced by environmental conditions and the type of decorative coating. If the main walls of the building are subsequently covered with siding, porcelain stoneware, stone, then one layer of the base solution is applied. For painting, the surface should be primed at least twice.

Views

When choosing a primer composition, the compatibility of the applied material and the base should be taken into account. Manufacturers often come with a paint and primer kit, and together they work even better. Special formulations are produced for different bases. For concrete and wood, you need to choose different mixtures. They differ in the type of binder.

• Acrylic primer with antiseptic additives in the composition is used for deep impregnation of concrete, creates a colorless matte coating, strengthened and protected. At the same time, the vapor permeability of the walls does not decrease and the color rendering of the paintwork improves. Acrylic impregnation can be diluted with water. Acrylic polymers are used for deep penetration soil for wood, plasterboard, brick or mineral and foam concrete substrates. This compound is not suitable for metal and smooth surfaces with low absorbency.
• Concrete contact also refers to acrylic mixtures and contains sand, cement and additives that increase adhesion. As a result of application, the coating becomes rough and adheres perfectly to the finish. Concrete contact is used for weakly absorbent surfaces. The normal temperature for work is in the range from +5 to +30 degrees.

• Alkyd primer is made on the basis of synthetic polymers, as well as anticorrosive and antiseptic additives. The properties of the composition allow it to be used for processing wooden and metal bases. They can be primed not only on metal, but also on rust. This solution dries very quickly.
• Polyurethane primer is very popular due to its versatility and ease of application.This two-component mortar is quite expensive, but forms a strong coating with excellent adhesion and dries quickly.
• Latex penetrating primer is suitable for working on concrete and plaster. Latex solidifies with a film on the treated surface and reduces paint consumption, as well as prevents the development of harmful microflora.

The main brands and manufacturers of soil for concrete

When choosing, you should not be guided only by the price. It is best to purchase materials from well-known manufacturers, but in this case it is possible to stumble upon a fake. If you are going to purchase paintwork materials from a regional manufacturer, you should look for reviews or ask professional finishers for advice. The most famous manufacturers, as a rule, produce other paints and varnishes with a compatible composition.

• Knauf. The most popular product of the brand: Betokontact adhesive primer, intended for the treatment of absorbent substrates indoors;

• Tikkurila. The line has a large selection for different purposes. For example, Euro Primer can be used internally and externally, it penetrates deeply, strengthens, protects against biological degradation, and can be diluted with water. Luja primer is intended for walls and ceilings, Betolux Aqva - for concrete floors and stairs in dry rooms with moderate loads;

• Ceresit. Ceresit CT-17 deep penetration primer is used to prepare concrete floors for finishing coatings and screeds, can be used before laying underfloor heating, suitable for work inside and outside. There is a frost-resistant option. The line includes curings and toppings for fresh concrete;

• Escapo. Aquastop Professional Acrylic Concentrate protects against abrasion, moisture and oils. The composition is pink, so the treated surface will be distinguishable. It is applied under wallpaper, paint, tiles, suitable for treating floors before applying self-leveling mixtures;

• Prospectors. Deep penetration primer is recommended for restoration, can be used outside and inside, for walls, ceilings, under screeds and self-leveling floors. For poorly absorbent substrates, the Concrete-Contact primer is useful, it is used for smooth surfaces before tiling or plastering.

You can't save money on repairs by deleting a primer from your shopping list. The cost of a primer can be quite high, for example, options for underfloor heating or decorative plaster. But it is difficult to provide reliability in another way.

Manufacturers

When choosing a primer for facade work, special attention should be paid to the manufacturer of the building mixture. One of the most popular options among modern buyers is the impregnation "Profi"

Acrylic mixtures are notable for their low cost and low consumption during work, which many consumers have already noted. In addition, the manufacturer presents high-quality deep penetration primers that are suitable for strengthening various surfaces.

Acrylic compounds level the absorbency of the substrate. Impregnations work especially well on mineral coatings. After processing, adhesion is significantly improved, the finishing materials are securely fixed to the facade and do not deform for a rather long period.

As for the consumption, the average is about 100-200 g per m². It takes 2 hours to dry the surface. It should be noted that the primer is applied in only one layer.

Products from the Glims brand are also in high demand among buyers. Facade primer is used as an intermediate layer during finishing work

In addition, the compositions increase the properties of cement and gypsum solutions, which is important. The advantage of this brand of primer is that it can be used on different surfaces.

It can be concrete, drywall and even tiles.

Another good option for the job is the Tiefengrund Penetrating Primer. The advantage of this composition is fast drying.

In addition, the primer does not contain solvents, which is important for high-quality surface treatment. Such impregnation strengthens the surface and has a positive effect on the durability of the finishing material.

Review of popular manufacturers

Certainly, there is less doubt about the quality of products from famous foreign companies. But turning to a little-known name can turn into a risk. In such cases, you never know what to expect from the acquisition. Why risk it?

It is worth mentioning the names that have been known on the market longer and more than others:

• "Prospectors". From a domestic company that started operating in 1992. We started with simple putties, eventually moved on to other types of building mixtures. They offer an assortment of universal formulations and highly specialized ones with specific properties. The painting is guaranteed to be of high quality;

• IVSIL. This also applies to domestic developments. The firm focuses not on deep penetration primers and universal varieties;

• Weber. One of the constituent branches of the Saint Gobain groups. It is engaged in the production of primers under the Vetonit trademark. If necessary, colors are added to primers for indoor and outdoor work;

• Caparol. The activities of this company began in Germany, in 1885. Black primers for metal are produced for work inside and outside, additionally they have antiseptic and adhesion properties;

• Tikkurila. A company from Finland, operating since 1862. From the entire assortment, it is worth highlighting adhesives, moisture-proof, universal, with acrylic at the base. Penetration into the metal will be sufficient;

• Knauf. A company from Germany, founded in the 30s of the last century. The craftsmen focused on improving construction work, introducing innovations wherever possible;

• Ceresit. In terms of the production of building mixtures, the manufacturer has long become a leader, after all, it has been operating for over 100 years. Expansion of the assortment, advanced technologies with quality control - this is what the representatives of this production decided to focus on. Even if a simple transparent primer is released.

The cost of products is reduced without loss in quality, including due to the location of factories in Russia. Compositions with deep penetration are distinguished from the assortment, for mineral compounds with the ability to absorb everything, for decorative materials. It also cannot do without classic universal formulations.

Purpose and operating conditions are the main difference between the manufactured formulations. For example, in the case of car trim, certain characteristics are required. There are versatile mixes to suit different problem areas.

When buying any primer for non-ferrous metals, it is important to study the recommendations from the manufacturer in advance. Retention times of formulations on surfaces - example of information from manufacturers

The properties associated with anti-corrosion properties are no less important. A competent choice contributes to durability and reliability. It is important not to skimp on such a purchase in order to purchase from well-known manufacturers.

How to properly prime

First, the consumption is calculated, which is determined by the absorbency indicators, the degree of porosity of the base and the materials under the composition. The guidelines are usually listed on the packaging itself. It is better to take into account the operating conditions. Sometimes it takes not one layer, but two or three at once for the best effect of the front paint primer.

Sometimes you need not one layer, but two or three at once.

Key steps in applying a facade primer

The main thing is to carefully level the surface, get rid of any cracks and damage.When using a concentrate, it is necessary to dilute with water, while observing the indicated proportions. If necessary, apply several layers, the universal composition is no exception.

The operating procedure has the following description:

1. Preparation of the mixture for further application.
2. Treatment.
3. Drying.
4. Alignment.
5. Final stripping. It is followed by painting.

Each situation assumes an individual approach to leveling, the reason is the different characteristics of the base materials. Emery or iron shields are used in the most difficult situations. The instructions must be read before diluting the material. The expiration date is checked separately. This is required by any primer.

When using a concentrate, it is necessary to dilute with water, while observing the indicated proportions.

According to the opinion of professional builders, it is definitely not worth saving on primer and facade finishing. Only when buying high-quality material will you get a good result, pleasing for many years. You don't have to think about re-treating the surface.

Operating principle

The corrosion protection effect of such agents is achieved due to the fact that they include a rust converter; usually orthophosphoric acid. During processing, it acts on corrosive spots, turning them into a non-oxidizable substance. After that, a film is formed on the rusty metal, which has good adhesion parameters and the same thickness. As a result, no visible traces of rust remain on the surface, and paints and varnishes do not peel off after application.

The use of reactive soils is especially important if you need to process joints, internal corners, and other hard-to-reach parts of a workpiece or structure. Regardless of the composition, such substances include active ingredients that improve the flow characteristics and make the penetration much greater. However, modern formulations are effective against medium-sized rust stains. It is possible to use funds of this group for processing, galvanized steel and simple metal.