Application of flexible ties for aerated concrete walls and facing bricks

Fastening methods for facing bricks

Screws are often used to fix facing bricks, since this is the simplest and most inexpensive way to fix materials. The longest wood screws on the market are bought. The advantage of this method is the speed and reliability of the connection.

If the wall has a sufficiently large area, the use of additional fasteners is necessary, otherwise the foundation may lead or the wall itself may be deformed.

The use of mesh or rods in bandaging rows after 3-5 rows is mandatory in any case!

The use of long screws is perhaps the easiest and cheapest option for fixing in foam concrete

Do openings need reinforcement?

Aerated concrete is a rather fragile material; fastening of facing bricks in the case of working with openings should take place in a special way, since their reinforcement is required. If this is not done, the cladding will crack over time; to prevent this during construction, a small metal rod with a diameter of 5 mm is laid in the seams between the facing bricks. The distance can be different, depending on what width of the masonry is used. Elements are connected thanks to spot welding and the use of a profiled rod with the same section

It is important that after the installation of the rod, the seam is sealed hermetically.

Fastening of facing bricks to the wall can be done using metal corners, which are attached to anchors or self-tapping screws designed for aerated concrete. In order to make it possible to lay the element, special consoles are attached to the foam blocks. After such a framing, stirrups are placed over the window and door openings, which make it possible to create a frame of the necessary rigidity. This is the most modern method, previously a wide concrete beam was used, which was installed above the opening.

Fastening a metal corner for rigidity

Fastening with pins

Quite often, the fastening of facing bricks with aerated concrete occurs using pins from reinforcement. They need to be installed every 5 rows of brickwork.

Mounting on shttyrykh

You can reinforce more often, but it is not recommended less often, the pins should be 1 meter apart. In addition, metal rods are placed between the blocks, which should protrude 10 cm from the blocks.

Fastening facing bricks into aerated concrete using reinforcing pins should be started from the first row of bricks. A hole is made with a small drill, after which the ribbed reinforcement is hammered.

To keep the structure better, we make a slight horizontal slope. After that, overlap the next rows and thus create a reliable strapping of reinforcement. This is an inexpensive but physically demanding method.

What are flexible links

The quality of construction work depends on the use of auxiliary materials. The products are represented by elements of metal alloy, fiberglass and basalt plastic, which are intended for walls with a base of the following materials:

• bricks:
• concrete;
• gas blocks;
• wooden base;
• monolith; thermoblocks.

Construction technology provides for the use of fasteners for reinforcing the masonry. With proper installation, anchoring connections endow the load-bearing wall with strength, provide reinforcement that prevents shrinkage cracks.

The connecting elements are designed from corrosion-resistant metals and polymers. Fiberglass anchors meet the requirements of the State Standard. Fasteners allow for reinforcement of brick, wooden walls, concrete blocks.

Flexible connection for creating double masonry when installing facing bricks and load-bearing walls into masonry joints.

Flexible connection made of basalt plastic GALEN BPA 6-GAZOBETON is designed to carry out work on the construction of a wall from facing block bricks after the completion of the construction of the supporting structure of the building box.

If the construction of the "box" of the house and the execution of work on the cladding of the house are carried out in time, sometimes when erecting the walls, flexible connections are initially laid so that after some time, when erecting a layer of facing masonry, they can be used.

But it's not right, since it is unrealistic to predict the location of the seams in the facing masonry, and the elements will have to be bent and bent, which in the first place, or reduce the ventilation gap, or the flexible connection will enter a shorter distance into the seam of the facing brick.

Reducing the size of the ventilation gap will lead to its inoperative state, which is bad. It is also bad that the bond will provide insufficient adhesion strength to the facing masonry.

Therefore, if you are going to perform work on facing the facade with clinker bricks THEN, then there is no need to lay flexible connections in the process of erecting a load-bearing wall, but to use special flexible connections to work on the finished base.

This basalt flexible connection GALEN 6-GAZOBETON is intended for installation in a supporting base made of material with increased porosity: aerated concrete blocks or foam concrete blocks ..

One side The basalt flexible connection has a special sleeve - a plastic dowel, which is first installed in the aerated concrete block, and then the connection is screwed into it. On the other side This basalt flexible bond has a sand coating that has excellent adhesion to the masonry mortar of the facing brickwork.

Previously, in the planned installation site of the element, a hole of 10 mm and a length of 10 cm is drilled in the aerated concrete block (slightly wider and longer than the sleeve). Then the drilling products are removed and the anchor sleeve is screwed into the hole.

Unlike steel counterparts, the basalt-plastic flexible connection does not bend, but it takes up dynamic loads much more efficiently when using double brickwork. The advantage of basalt plastic is also its inertness to alkalis and acids. Also, a flexible connection made of basalt plastic does not form cold bridges in the wall structure.

• Material: basalt plastic
• Diameter - 6 mm;
• Mminimum anchorage depth - 90 mm;
• Tensile modulus - 51000 MPa;
• Compressive modulus - 30,000 MPa;
• Tensile breaking stress, not less - 1000 MPa;
• Breaking stress in bending - not less than 1000 MPa;
• Pull-out force value, not less than N
  • for aerated concrete D400 - not less than 2500 N;
  • for aerated concrete D500 - at least 3000 N;
  • for aerated concrete D600 - at least 4000 N.
• Breaking strain - not less than 3%;
• Coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0.46 W / m * 0С.
• Consumption: depending on the distance between the walls (5-9 pcs / m2). ** The table for calculating the flow rate of flexible communication, see below.
• For fixing thermal insulation additionally thermal insulation clamps are purchased
• Length options: 180 - 400 mm

On a blank wall, on average, they are placed with a step of 500 mm both horizontally and vertically, which is about 4-5 pieces per m2.

If the wall involves the removal of the facing masonry by 120-150 mm, then in the horizontal section the elements should be installed with a step of 250 mm, which will amount to a consumption of 6-7 pieces / m2.

If the facing masonry deviates from the load-bearing wall by 150-200 mm, then the step of the basalt flexible connection decreases, and on average they should be installed with a horizontal step of 250 mm, and with a vertical step of 150-200 mm (every second row), which will amount to about 9-10 pieces / m2 in consumption.

Additionally, at corners, near window and door openings, near expansion joints, the element should be installed every third facing layer brick.

Assortment of basalt-plastic flexible ties GALEN BPA 6-GAZOBETON

Galen's flexible ties are sold in packs of 1,000. Warehouse items can be shipped individually. Items supplied on request are shipped in multiples of packaging.

Warehouse positions, availability of goods, check by phone with consultants.

Views

The internal walls of a building always have an almost perfectly stable temperature, due to the fact that they are not affected by external weather conditions. However, the facing (outer) wall can easily heat up in warm weather up to + 700 degrees Celsius, cool down in winter to minus 400 degrees. Such temperature differences between the inner and outer wall lead to the fact that the geometry of the outer cladding changes.

Flexible connections at this point allow you to maintain the integrity of the structure and avoid cracks. Reinforcement anchors are highly flexible, tensile and corrosion resistant. These rods do not create cold bridges at low thermal conductivity. Such characteristics allow achieving high reliability and long service life of the building.

The structure is a figured metal rod with a length of 20 to 65 cm. These parts allow you to connect all the elements of the wall, including facing brick and aerated concrete. The size of the chosen bundle depends on the construction features used in the construction of a particular building. So, for houses no higher than 12 meters, it is recommended to use rods with a cross section of 4 millimeters. For higher structures, metal structures with a cross section of 6 millimeters are suitable. The flexible connection also has a thickening made of metal at both ends. This is necessary for a more reliable fastening of the structure, since they play the role of anchors that are firmly fixed in the seams of the brickwork. Sand fasteners are perfectly combined with the mortar used for the installation of seams between the masonry. It provides a firm hold for a flexible connection. The walls are additionally protected against corrosion.

The building element is used for walls with classic brickwork, gas blocks and facing bricks. Several types of rods are produced.

Basalt

This composite material is lightweight and yet withstands high loads. Such products, for example, are produced in Russia under the Galen trademark. It has the lowest weight and does not create additional stress on the foundation of the house.

Steel

They are made of carbon steel and have a high level of corrosion protection. The most popular among professional builders are flexible Bever connections made in Germany. For protection against rust, they are coated with a special zinc compound.

Fiberglass

They are only slightly inferior to basalt rods in some characteristics. So, they are less elastic, but have good tensile strength. Does not corrode.

Metallic

Made of stainless steel.These flexible connections are capable of forming cold bridges, so they are used only with insulation.

The choice of this or that type of material depends on the specific conditions in which the installation will be carried out, as well as on the components in contact with the piping.

Flexible ties for facing structures made of aerated concrete

Modern aerated concrete is a very good thermal insulation material. But with all the advantages this material has one drawback - it is not aesthetic. Therefore, any structure made of gas blocks requires additional cladding. Brick is often used for these works. Masonry made of decorative material completely changes the appearance of the building, giving it completeness and beauty.

Previously, the cladding was attached to the wall with thin reinforcement rods, but science has stepped far forward. Now, to connect the cladding layer to the building wall, basalt-plastic anchors are used. So far, this nanostructured material has no analogues in the construction market.

Flexible ties are rods with a circular cross-section and a diameter of 6 mm with sand spraying applied to the entire surface. For fixing in the aerated concrete block, one end of them is equipped with a screw anchor, which, opening when screwed in, firmly holds the connection in the wall. Depending on the method of application, their length varies from 180 to 350 mm.

No matter how high thermal insulation aerated concrete has, in our climatic conditions an additional layer of insulation will not interfere. A free space is left between the brick cladding of the building and the wall made of gas blocks, part of which, if desired, is filled with insulating material.

Flexible reinforcement is used to unite the entire structure into one whole. It performs several functions at once:

• facing brick is securely attached to the walls of the building;
• the insulation is tightly pressed against the aerated concrete, its slipping or subsidence is excluded;
• the ventilated gap of the same width is maintained over the entire area.

With high strength and strength, composite reinforcement can be bent, which allows it to be placed between unequal seams in a double masonry. In case of uneven shrinkage of structures made of gas blocks or foundations in Galen anchors, unlike metal rods, there is no deforming stress that could destroy the structure.

Thanks to sand spraying, excellent adhesion of the pins to the mortar is achieved, the diameter of the ties does not violate the thickness of the masonry joint, which has a positive effect on the appearance of the cladding.

Flexible connections made of composite reinforcement are resistant to the alkaline environment of masonry mortar, have high tensile strength (3 times stronger than metal ones), and, finally, they are reliable, durable, easy to install and will last in place for more than a decade.

Advantages of basalt-plastic mounts for gas blocks

Advantages:

• Lack of cold bridges. The composite reinforcement design is 100% sealed, providing a high level of energy savings with a minimum of cost. This is due to the low level of thermal conductivity of basalt plastic.
• Fasteners of this type are lightweight, which makes the whole structure lighter. Their use reduces the load on the foundation, eliminates problems during installation and operation.
• Basalt plastic is resistant to any negative influences, including chemically aggressive substances, does not corrode.
• Long service life due to high strength.

Size selection

The length of the composite reinforcement rods is selected depending on the chosen method of cladding installation. There are four of them:

• close to the load-bearing wall (no ventilation gap);
• at a short distance from aerated concrete walls (with a ventilated gap);
• using a heat insulator, which is mounted close to both layers;
• with a ventilation gap between the insulation and the brick.

If you plan to use insulation with gaps, then the longest rods will be needed.The calculation of a suitable size is made according to the formula: 90 + T + 40 + 90, where:

• 90 - the depth of screwing into the gas block, this size may be smaller, depending on the type of fastening;
• T is the thickness of the insulation;
• 40 - the width of the ventilation gap between the insulation and the cladding;
• 90 - the depth of the laying in the seam between the bricks.

On sale you can find anchors made of composite reinforcement in lengths from 150 to 450 mm. The diameter of the rods is 4 or 6 mm, thicker ones are chosen for back wall cladding with a height of 12 m.

Marking

Anchors made of flexible composite reinforcement designed for fastening bricks to aerated concrete are marked as BPA 250-6-P. Decoding:

• BPA - material from which the ties are made - basalt-plastic reinforcement;
• 250 - length in mm;
• 6 - diameter in mm;
• P - sandy coating.

End design options:

• 1P - plastic dowel sleeve on one side, sandy on the other;
• 2P - two screw anchors sand-sprayed at both ends.

Installation

Work on the creation of cladding on top of aerated concrete blocks is carried out at an air temperature of at least 0C. The set of fasteners includes a mounting key, a blower for cleaning the holes, and plastic clips for the insulation. Installation procedure:

1. To mark the walls for drilling in increments of 500 mm in height and width. The rows are placed strictly parallel to the future seams of the brickwork. Additional ties are installed at the corners, in the area of ​​expansion joints, along the perimeter of the openings. There must be at least 4 anchors per 1 m2 of wall.

2. Drill holes in the gas blocks with a drill with a drill with a diameter of 10 mm. Their depth should be 10-15 mm more than the length of the rod.

3. Blow out dust from the drillings with a blower.

4. Insert the anchor to the full depth of the hole. If a type with a dowel sleeve is selected on one side, then it is inserted into the aerated concrete.

5. Screw in the connections with the key until they stop.

6. If the installation of insulation is planned, then it is attached to the installed anchors and pressed with special plastic clamps.

7. Seal all cracks with sand-cement mortar.

8. You can start laying bricks only after the cement has dried, otherwise loosening is possible.

9. The free ends are laid in the masonry seams. The minimum depth is 9 cm.

Pricing

The cost of flexible connections for facing bricks depends on the manufacturer, material, type, length and diameter. They are sold in packs of 1000.

The approximate cost of a basalt-plastic anchor, rubles / piece:

Ties made of composite reinforcement or steel are necessary to securely fix the facing brick to the load-bearing wall made of aerated blocks. Anchors of this type are suitable for creating multi-layer insulation due to the possibility of installing an insulating material (expanded polystyrene, mineral wool) and a ventilated gap.

Composite materials

Building elements are made from basalt. This composite is characterized by lightness, low elasticity, and the ability to withstand optimal deformations and weight. Fiberglass products are inferior to basalt ones in some parameters.

Advantages and disadvantages

The technical and operational parameters of the auxiliary elements depend on the material used for their manufacture. Metallic binders have high thermal conductivity. Their use is associated with the need to install additional insulation. Composite anchors are characterized by low heat conductivity.

For fiberglass parts, this figure is 0.48 W / m², and for metal - 56 W / m². Fiberglass products are highly resistant to corrosion and aggressive mortar. Flexible composite ties are 2.5 times stronger than metal structures, and are lighter in weight.Their use is economically feasible.

Due to the low weight, structural parts do not additionally affect the masonry. The products are distinguished by good adhesion to the mortar used when laying the wall. The disadvantages of using these structural elements include low fire resistance.

Composite rods cannot be used in the construction of buildings with increased fire resistance requirements. The parts are not intended for the installation of vertical reinforcement, they are used only for horizontal installation.

The choice of rods depends on the characteristics of the construction object. If the listed disadvantages of using composite parts prevail, then stainless and carbon steel ties are used.

Features of selection and application

The size of structural elements is selected taking into account the thickness of the layers to be joined, and the cost depends on the diameter, length and material used for their manufacture. Flexible ties are used to connect a facade wall to a layer of facing material through an insulating layer.

The purpose of the 3-layer construction is to retain heat and provide ventilation. To determine the length of the anchorage, the structural type of the wall must be taken into account.

If the construction project provides for a ventilation gap, then the following parameters are taken into account in the calculation:

• the length of the installation zone for the flexible connection to the inner wall and outer cladding;
• insulation thickness;
• the size of the ventilation gap.

If there is no space for air circulation, its thickness is excluded from the calculation. The air gap regulates the moisture content of the masonry.

How to lay out facing bricks over a window

When facing a built house with clinker bricks, the question is often how to get around the window and dock with the window, since there is a gap between the wall and the masonry. Of course, there are sophisticated ready-made solutions for fixing bricks around the window, but I take into account their cost and the number of windows turns out to be expensive.

It was easy to solve the issue of joining the window and brickwork using a metal corner 120x120x9 mm and a bent sheet of metal to order. This method made it possible to immediately get the finished result. Perhaps this turned out to be the simplest solution for the device of the upper slope for framing the window when facing with a brick of an already built house

It turned out a ready-made street upper slope, which made it possible to hide the corner to close the gap in the brickworkInstallation of a corner above the window installation of a slope simultaneously with brickworkCurved street slope to adjoin the window

If you have your own ways of overlapping a window opening, share in the comments. On this I say goodbye, good luck in construction!

Video:

Types of connections for bricks

According to the method of installation, movable joints are divided into two types:

• installed in the seams of masonry simultaneously with stone work;
• for cladding already made walls.

As for the material, two types of anchors are allowed: steel or composite plastics.

Metal anchors are made in the form of strips or flexible rods. Often they have a thread cut at one end for screwing into a plastic plug-dowel. For manufacturing, stainless steel is used or they are protected with a layer of zinc. To improve the connection with the masonry, the ends are bent, wavy or grooved.

Plastic ties are divided into:

• basalt-plastic, based on fibers obtained from molten rock;
• fiberglass (fiberglass);
• carbon fiber based on carbon fibers.

They have a round shape with a diameter of 4-8 mm. To improve adhesion, plastic anchors are covered with a layer of quartz sand. Some models are additionally reinforced with extensions at the ends for reliability. For others, this is a corrugated surface like periodic reinforcement.Plastic ties are produced in piece or coils, cutting into pieces of the required length directly at the construction site.

Advantages and disadvantages

Metal bonds have an important disadvantage - high thermal conductivity. They form "bridges of cold", reducing the thermal properties of the masonry. The advantages include great frost resistance and heat resistance. But the main thing is that steel is a time-tested material that has been used at construction sites for hundreds of years.

As for composite plastics, they lack experience in application, as well as intelligible regulatory documentation. But the most serious disadvantage is increased fragility at low temperatures. Although manufacturers usually declare a range of -60 to + 90 ° C, it is better to focus on -40.

Of the main advantages:

• low thermal conductivity;
• light weight;
• high corrosion resistance.

Due to these qualities, the use of composite flexible ties is much more in demand today.

How are the connections properly assembled?

1. The first method is the simplest: the wall device is carried out simultaneously with the front masonry, placing the anchor between the seams of the gas blocks. This method is typical for walls without additional insulation or where the use of backfill materials is expected. At the same time, the work is the least expensive, since it does not require a scaffold, but is carried out from inside the building.

2. In the second method, the installation of the main wall is first carried out, into the seams of which anchors are laid with an outlet to the outside. After that, insulation plates are put on the protruding rods. For reliability, they are fastened with special washers, after which the cladding is placed.

The difficulty lies in the need for accurate marking both in step and in length. That is, it is necessary to ensure that the anchor coincides with the seams of the cladding, and protrudes enough to fix the insulation and interface with the masonry.

3. Cladding of an already finished building. Drill a hole where the tie is inserted. Its fastening is provided by glue or plastic dowels, into which the rods are screwed in or "snapped in". Then proceed as in the second case. The anchors are installed in 50 cm increments both in height and in the width of the wall. But if the location of the seams requires it, the step can be reduced.

Everything described earlier is more related to natural hardening aerated concrete with their thick seams. When the material is autoclaved, there are some peculiarities in the installation of connections. Such blocks have a high manufacturing accuracy and thin seams, the laying of rods with a thickness of 5-6 mm in which is inconvenient. For installation, use special dowels.

Pricing

The cost of "piece" ties ranges from 5 to 60 rubles. It depends on the manufacturer (more expensive from well-known brands), material, as well as the additional configuration of the anchor.

The rise in price arises when it is necessary to use ties of a special type, as well as with an additional set of fasteners.

Terms of work

Installation of flexible connections requires strict adherence to the process technology, therefore, their number and location is determined at the design stage. The thickness of the insulation layer and the air cushion determines how long the rods will be needed. In this case, the depth to which they are immersed in the supporting structure must be taken into account. It should be at least 9 cm. The possibility of loosening of the rods should be completely excluded. Regardless of whether the load-bearing wall is lined with a gas block or brick, it must be prepared for installation. The stages of preparatory work are as follows:

1. Cleaning the structure from excess solution, dust and debris.
2. Filling cracks.
3. Application of a layer of primer and treatment with an antiseptic.
4. Installation of the base for the finishing material.

The base for facing bricks, consisting of reinforcement and concrete, is placed in a trench along the entire perimeter of the bearing walls to a depth of 300-400 mm. Its height above ground level and its thickness must be at least 200 mm.

Installation of flexible connections for brickwork

For brick walls, 4 rods per square meter are usually sufficient. Place them in the seams. When using mineral wool as a heater, the distance between them is 50 cm, polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene - a step along the wall length of 25 cm, in height - can be equal to the size of the plate, but should not exceed 100 cm.In addition, flexible ties will need to be installed at expansion joints, window and doorways, at the corners and at the parapet of the building. The distance between them is 30 cm. In the case of a mismatch between the horizontal seams of the bearing wall and the facing masonry, a rod is placed in the vertical one in the inner layer. Then it is carefully sealed with cement mortar.

Installation for aerated concrete structures

When cladding walls made of gas silicate, 5 rods are often used per 1 square meter. They are fixed parallel to the seams of the facing masonry. To do this, holes with a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of at least 9 cm are pre-drilled in the wall of aerated concrete, cleaned of dust, screwed in rods at a distance of 50 cm from each other and sealed with mortar. The spacing is the same both vertically and horizontally. Additional flexible connections when facing structures made of aerated concrete are also needed. They are positioned in the same way as for brickwork. A step is taken 30 cm, the gap between the openings and flexible ties along the height of the building is 16 cm, along the length - 12 cm.