Dowels for foam blocks: features of metal and plastic products

By the purpose of the structures, the scope of their use and features

Standard fasteners can be found at any hardware store and are used for solid materials. Classic products are made of polyamide or nylon by foreign companies SORMAT and MUNGO.

Standard types of plastic plugs from the MUNGO brand are red-orange, they are suitable for almost all materials, but remember that low temperatures negatively affect the characteristics of nylon.

The sizes of plastic dowels vary, depending on the purpose, so decide in advance what kind of product you are looking for.

In addition, various products have other features, for example: spiral ribs of fasteners intended for aerated concrete or foam concrete blocks. Thanks to this design feature, the fasteners are wedged in holes that are made in advance, the diameter of each hole is equal to the size of the core.

The frame type of dowels is characterized by a long spacer part, these products will come in handy when you need to install a window or door frame.

An adjusting dowel serves to secure the structure; it is used to make a crate for the sheathing.

Universal fasteners can be used as a plastic dowel for insulation, with its help any materials are fixed, the product is excellent for working with hollow partitions.

The plastic drywall plug can also be used for porous concrete, it does an excellent job of static fastening of any curtain structure. It will be needed when you need to fix the ceiling from gypsum board or LSU, hang a picture or a wall clock.

Soundproofing fasteners are located inside the rubber shell, their purpose is to provide absorption of external sounds.

A collet dowel, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, on which an internal thread is applied, is useful for fastening structures in solid materials.

Chemical anchor

This type of fastening, as a chemical anchor, is a fairly new and already in demand method. The builders appreciated it. Chemical anchoring has its advantages and disadvantages.
The advantages of a chemical anchor include:

• high load capacity factor for fasteners;
• compliance with GOST, chemical composition is safe, environmentally friendly;
• versatility, it is used for any building material;
• high resistance to weather fluctuations, low temperatures;
• low price when compared with steel anchors.

The disadvantages include:

• strict adherence to technology;
• purchase of special equipment, namely, a brush, pump, gun and drills;
• additional time for solidification of the chemical solution.

The chemical fasteners for foam concrete include a threaded steel stud, maybe a special rod, a chemical mixture, additional bushings.

Sequence of attachment of chemical anchor

1. Using a drill, make a cylindrical hole. Then it needs to be shaped into a cone with an expansion in depth.
2. The finished hole is thoroughly cleaned. You can use a pump for this.
3. A centering sleeve is inserted into the base.
4. A chemical solution is poured into the hole through the sleeve; a construction gun is used for this.
5. The threaded rod (stud) is screwed in.
6. We leave time until the chemical solution completely solidifies.

The set of the chemical anchor includes an easy-to-use package with a dispenser.Installation is easy and high structural strength is achieved.

Fastening chemical anchors

And so, for fastening light structures, decorative elements, ordinary self-tapping screws are quite suitable. They can be designed for woodworking or aerated concrete. Aerated concrete nails should have a wedge-shaped or curved tip inside the concrete cavity.

For heavy structures, such as plumbing, kitchen cabinets, boilers, it is worth using fasteners for foam concrete, with wedging dowels. Reliable fixation is carried out precisely thanks to the internal stop. All hardware must be corrosion resistant. This is especially true for external wall mountings.

More recently, it was quite problematic to install fasteners in porous materials. Today the situation has changed dramatically, the dowel for aerated concrete has made a breakthrough in fastening technology, but let's talk about everything in order.

Classification and varieties

According to the scope of application, all attachments to foam blocks are divided (albeit very conditionally) into two main groups:

• for outdoor use (fastening thermal insulation, clamps for installing drainpipes, gas pipelines, water pipelines, and the like);
• for indoor use (installation of radiators, lamps, shelves, wardrobes, and so on).

According to the materials used for manufacturing, fasteners are divided into:

• metal (galvanized steel, zinc-aluminum alloys);
• plastic (nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide).

By the method of installation in holes drilled in a foam concrete wall:

• screwed in;
• hammered;
• chemical.

Types and features

The dowel fastening device is a bushing with four petals and a rough surface. When twisted or clogged, they begin to expand in the porous structure of aerated concrete. The teeth and incisors in such a device contribute to a secure fixation. They can be especially secured when the teeth move in a spiral and the tip of the screw does not protrude beyond the dowel.

Fasteners, depending on the material used, can be:

• metal - stainless steel, galvanized, brass, aluminum, with the addition of an anti-corrosion compound;
• plastic (polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon).

The first type is considered the most reliable in operation. They are perfect for push-through and complex installations. However, such fasteners have a significant drawback - they begin to oxidize under prolonged exposure to moisture. Equip them with supporting elements to minimize the risk of cranking, falling through heavy hardware inside aerated concrete blocks.

Fasteners made of plastic are appreciated for their lightness, versatility and resistance to corrosion processes. Of all the varieties, nylon dowels are considered the best.

All these fasteners are divided into hammered and screwed in, depending on the installation method. They are suitable for installation without pre-drilling the blocks and are also threaded into a pre-drilled hole.

By the type of thread and fixing of the elements, the bushings can be standard with the same section length and a helical spiral. There are cone-shaped hardware, which diverge to the sides with blades when twisted. Some begin to expand when the structure is pulled apart.

A separate group includes chemical anchors. Their fixation occurs due to the polymerization of a special composition. They are very convenient to use, since it is enough just to put the capsule in the prepared place.

Metal dowels

These fasteners are fire resistant and are therefore often used in installations where there is a risk of fire. Metal dowels have a stopper collar, which is also called a "collar". At the moment of twisting, it prevents the sleeve from turning around its axis and prevents it from falling into the wall. Most often they are made from galvanized steel.

The metal dowel for aerated concrete is used when performing the following works:

• for the installation of equipment and furniture with an impressive weight;
• fixation of pipelines, including the most complex ones;
• fastening guides designed for the installation of sheets of gypsum board.

Plastic and nylon retainers

Such fasteners are good because they are not affected by corrosion processes. The plastic dowel for aerated concrete has special spiral ribs. This part of the part is responsible for maximum adhesion to the cellular structure of the material. The main advantage of plastic mounts is environmental friendliness. The advantages also include resistance to aggressive environmental influences.

They are distinguished by their low cost, which makes them irreplaceable and always in demand when working with aerated concrete. Despite all the positive characteristics, they are not suitable for use on the facade surface. Their significant disadvantage is poor resistance to sub-zero temperatures. In winter, during frosts, such a fastener can easily burst.

The nylon versions are also non-corrosive. However, they are more durable than plastic counterparts. They are often used when doing outdoor work. A nylon dowel for aerated concrete is considered much stronger and more durable. At cost, they are much more expensive, so they are rarely bought by consumers.

The high price is fully justified, since the characteristics of the clips allow them to be used for many jobs. For example, with their help, they make the installation of window and door openings. This is a great option for mounting mirrors and installing lighting fixtures, if you use fasteners with a diameter of less than 12 mm.

Chemical anchor

Often, massive objects have to be fixed on the aerated concrete surface. In this case, chemical anchors are used. Metal dowels, in comparison with anchor bolts, will not be able to withstand very heavy weight. They are sent to a prepared place using a special adhesive.

4 We mount the dowel-nail for aerated concrete correctly

Faced with the installation of such a mount for the first time, home craftsmen make some mistakes, which in the future, and sometimes immediately, lead to poor-quality installation and the lack of the ability of the mount to hold something. In order to avoid such troubles, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for correct in porous materials.

As an auxiliary tool, we will use an electric drill or hammer drill, a concrete drill for a drill or for a hammer drill, a hammer and, without fail, a Phillips screwdriver. Also, you should immediately choose one of the types of fasteners, plastic or metal. Both of these types will be discussed in our step-by-step instructions.

Installing fasteners into the wall

The next step will be to install the fasteners into the finished hole, we will start with the plastic version. In order for the mount to hold tightly to the wall, it must be carefully screwed onto the installation site. To do this, take a screwdriver and twist it all the way, there are special slots on the mount for both Phillips and slotted screwdrivers. We mount the metal product in a different way, we simply insert it into the bore and carefully hammer it with a hammer until it stops, while trying not to distort the fasteners.

Step 3:
We tighten the self-tapping screw

Now that our dowel is installed, you can safely tighten a self-tapping screw or a universal mounting bolt. To do this, you should also use a screwdriver and tighten the self-tapping screw to the depth that you need.

It is categorically not recommended to use an electric tool, since, through negligence, mechanical impact can damage your mount, turning it around its axis, which is not recommended

Aerated concrete is a light and warm material, which explains its popularity both in the construction of residential buildings and in the construction of non-residential premises.Alas, lightweight concrete, which includes aerated concrete, gas silicate and foam concrete, has its drawbacks. The main one is that fasteners intended for other materials, such as wood or brick, do not hold well in the aerated concrete wall.

It is often required to ensure reliable fastening of heavy objects to aerated concrete, these can be boilers, sinks, furniture items, etc. In these cases, it is necessary to provide a secure fit. Some builders use ordinary anodized self-tapping screws, but alas, the self-tapping screw can be easily pulled out of lightweight concrete. Ordinary dowel-nails also do not provide reliable fastening, since they are securely held only in walls made of solid materials, for example, from silicate bricks.

For these reasons, special anchors and dowels are used for fastening to lightweight concrete.

Anchors and dowels work according to the same principle - they are securely fixed in the wall due to expansion. It will be conventionally considered that the anchor is made of metal and is an independent element. The dowel, most often, is made of nylon and is a "plug" into which you can screw a screw or self-tapping screw. In Soviet times, such corks were made of wood.

Types of dowels

Before hammering a dowel-nail into a concrete wall, it is necessary to carefully study the structures and features of all existing fasteners in order to choose the only correct option. The most effective and popular are: spacer, chemical, facade, such as nail, butterfly, KBT, universal, GB, etc. Available without dowels.

Classic

This design is a plastic sleeve with notches along the entire length and antennae, as well as a special rod inserted into it, which guarantees the strength and reliability of the fastener. When the rod is driven into the sleeve, the plastic expands in the hole, guaranteeing a good fit.

Self-tapping screw into concrete without dowel

The self-tapping dowel for concrete is made with a variable thread that is screwed directly into the monolith. First, as usual, a hole of a smaller diameter is drilled, then the dowel is screwed in, during which the variable notch expands the cavity, and the thread fixes the self-tapping screw.

The fasteners are distinguished by high bearing capacity, durability, it is very difficult to dismantle, and therefore it belongs to the type of stationary fasteners.

Spacer

Such a dowel is suitable for fastening rigid structures - it is usually made in the form of slate, hammered into the monolith with a hammer. Fasteners can also be different (in the form of a cylinder or tubular), spacers can be 2-3, with spikes. The connection turns out to be strong, suitable for loose materials, with voids.

Butterfly

This option is suitable when fastening with dowel-nails to a concrete wall, which is very thin. The sleeve is attached to the hole, and its back side is rolled up during the insertion process, which securely fixes the dowel.

Universal

Universal metal dowels for concrete resemble spacers. In hollow walls, in the process of screwing in the nail, the sleeve is wrapped in a knot, fixing the fasteners in the "butterfly" type. The same mount can be used for a wide variety of monolith types.

Ordinary fasteners are simply hammered into the wall with a hammer or a special pistol.

Façade

It is used for the installation of various thermal insulation structures. It looks like a spacer, but has a longer length and a larger cap. The rod and sleeve are made of shock-resistant materials.

Chemical

This type of fastener is different from all others. The structure includes a capsule with glue and a metal screw. Usually they use this.

First, a capsule corresponding to its size is inserted into the hole, breaks, an adhesive comes out of it, a metal rod is inserted into it.

Kwt

Relevant only for aerated concrete monoliths.It has a wide thread, which guarantees high-quality fastening in porous structures.

GB

Usually such products are used in work with polystyrene concrete blocks. The sleeve is somewhat reminiscent of a spacer, but made in the form of a spiral. The dowel is capable of withstanding serious loads, so it can be used to mount hoods, hanging cabinets, various types of shelves and heavy household items, equipment.

How to mount dowels

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Fastener material

Materials for the manufacture of concrete dowels can be: plastic; metal. According to the method of installation, fasteners can be: hammered in with a hammer; install with a construction gun.

Plastic dowel in concrete

The fastener contains a cylindrical rod that expands when a nail is driven into its cavity, which ensures a strong fastening.

• At the top there is a collar that prevents the fasteners from falling into the pre-drilled hole. The cuff can be cylindrical or concealed.
• There are products with spacers "whiskers" to increase the strength of fixing fasteners in concrete.
• The dowel-nail can be threaded on the surface and a slot on the head. To install such an element, screwdrivers are used. The materials for the manufacture are most often polyamide, polypropylene or polyethylene. For the nail itself, a galvanized steel alloy is used.
• Plastic fasteners - their price is lower, they are used for mounting small items. For heavy structures, their metal counterparts are used.

Metal dowel for concrete

Such fasteners have a metal rod, which has a smooth surface without threads. The part expands when a nail is driven into a hole in the wall.

Dowelled nails are installed when installing false ceilings and various metal frames. The greatest fastening strength can be achieved on solid and hard materials.

Dismantling features

When choosing which dowel is good and which one is not suitable for the task at hand, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of dismantling. If there is a possibility that the mount will need to be removed in the future, it is advisable to think about it before installing it.

To quickly and correctly perform dismantling, you will need a variety of tools that are usually in the arsenal of any master. Some types of dowels (chemical, for example) cannot be dismantled).

How to dismantle the dowel:

• To remove an ordinary plastic dowel, it is enough to find a self-tapping screw of the appropriate size. The self-tapping screw is screwed 2/3 into the dowel itself, the screw head is carefully clamped with pliers, then pulled out of the monolith together with the dowel. In some cases, a corkscrew will suffice.
• The head of the self-tapping screw, which is inserted into the dowel, can be pry off with a nail puller.Here you need to ensure that the working part of the self-tapping screw fits snugly in the hole itself.
• Homemade wood dowels are taken out in parts - first, a piece of wood (easiest along the grain) is crushed into separate pieces using a chisel (preferably with a thin blade) and a hammer. After the dowel is destroyed, it is pryed off with an awl, sharp knife or nail and pulled out of the nest.
• In some cases, the dowel firmly sitting in the monolith is easier not to dismantle at all - it is better to cut off the part that comes out to the surface, carefully cover the depression with plaster of paris and carefully align.
• If part of the screw is stuck in the dowel, you will need a heated soldering iron. First, the plastic base of the dowel melts gently, then the fragment of the fastener is pry off with round-nose pliers or nippers and removed.
• A metal dowel, which was hammered into concrete with a construction gun, is first processed with strong, frequent blows of a hammer, acting on the protruding part of the product from different sides. Usually, the anchor plug will loosen during the process and can be easily removed. If it is difficult to loosen, you can make a groove nearby with a drill with a hard alloy tip or a metal punch. Thanks to the circular funnel, the area of ​​adhesion of the fasteners to the wall will decrease, and it will be easier to remove it.

Dowels for concrete today in the construction market of Moscow and the region, other regions are presented in a wide variety, therefore, it will not be difficult to find fasteners that exactly meet the requirements and operating conditions. The main thing is to choose reliable suppliers and focus on product quality.

Features and purpose

For the production of foam blocks, sand, water, cement and a foaming agent are used. The choice of fastening for this building material is influenced not only by the individual characteristics of cellular blocks, but also by the type of finishing work planned on the working surface of foam blocks

Particular attention must be paid to the load that will come on the wall from hinged furniture or different types of equipment

When choosing foam concrete as the main building material, it is necessary to take into account its properties, technical characteristics and features. This type of product has a porous structure with low density, light weight, and a high level of hygroscopicity. The selected fasteners should be suitable for the type of work surface and the type of work planned.

The fixing parts for this type of building material consist of a screw, a ring, a half-ring, a rim and an empty sleeve with a spacer. The teeth on the surface of the part are a reliable obstacle for scrolling the part during installation.

The length of the parts is from 3 to 5 cm, and the diameter is from 4 to 10 cm.

On the shelves of hardware stores, you can purchase fasteners prepackaged in special packages, or purchase individually. The number of units of parts in one package ranges from 50 to 1 thousand pieces.

Fasteners for foam blocks are of several types and are divided depending on their purpose and the following factors:

• scope - for interior and exterior finishing works;
• production material - metal and plastic;
• installation method - screwing in, hammering and installation by a chemical method.

Types of fasteners and work with them

The choice of fasteners for foam concrete largely depends on the type of finishing work. First of all, you need to take into account the load that the hinged object will exert on the wall. If you choose and correctly use the fastening element when working with a foam block wall and a hinged object, then installation can be done quite quickly, and the fastening will turn out to be strong, reliable and durable. This, in turn, will save money that was planned to be spent on repairs. It is possible that there will still be a considerable amount left.

There are six main types of fasteners for foam blocks:

1. Plastic dowels.Details that are used to fix decorative items that are lightweight.
2. Dowel nails. Elements that are used for through fastening of building materials, both on the inside of the load-bearing walls and on the outside.
3. Metric screw. A fixture that allows the installation of windows and doors, as well as technical equipment.
4. Metal anchor. A part used to install hanging pieces of furniture, as well as for any other equipment with large dimensions.
5. Foundation bolt. A type of fastener well suited for demanding, heavy duty work.
6. Chemical anchor. Fasteners with a wide scope of use.

Then, after removing dust and dirt, you can already insert the dowel into the groove using a special nozzle for this. If there is a thread, then the fastener must be screwed into the material to the required depth.

The hole thickness should be at least one and a half times less than the thickness of the fastener. It should be borne in mind that the deeper the thread, the more securely the dowel will be fixed. You do not need to use a hammer drill to drill a hole in the wall. You can do without it using a simple drill. It is better to try to make sure that the mounts are located closer to the edges of the walls.

If you choose the right fasteners, you can reliably and permanently fix almost any object on the foam block wall. It is quite simple to work with such fasteners, so there should not be any serious problems.