Caria (Pecan): description, agricultural technology and properties of the nut

Caria Illinois or Common pecan - a close relative of the walnut. It can be found in different parts of the planet. It grows both in Crimea and in the United States. You can accidentally find it in the Caucasus or walking through the parks of Central Asia. The fruits of the plant are very original and overshadow any taste. The main thing is that you cannot eat a large amount of it, it can cause obesity. Therefore, before introducing it into the diet, it is better to familiarize yourself with its composition and calorie content.

Content:

• Walnut description
• Growing conditions
• Reproduction and planting
• Care Tips
• Composition and useful properties
• Application
• Harm and contraindications

Walnut description

Pecan is a plant that grows rapidly upward. In wildlife, it can reach 60 m. In areas with a hot climate, for a short period of time, a tree from a seedling can stretch to a height of up to 40 m.In the northern regions of Russia, the growth of a nut does not exceed 10-15 m.

In the first 3 years of its life, the young stalk must gain strength, the root system must get to the water. Therefore, over the years, the young plant does not exceed only 45-50 cm. The trunk of the walnut is straight, with strong branches extending from it. If you do not undergo pruning, which it does not need, then the plant takes its natural shape - spherical or slightly elongated ovoid.

The bark on the trunk is gray. In older specimens, the bark may crack slightly with greyish-brown veins. The walnut has a deep green foliage. One leaf consists of 11-17 small feathers, elongated with a sharp end. Each leaf from the total mass is stretched by 9-12 cm, and reaches 2.5-7 cm in width.

The plant blooms in May until the end of July.

Fruits form before the end of October, representing elliptical nuts with a matte skin and a pointed end. The central portion, when cracked, jumps out of the reddish-brown shell surrounding the central portion. There are two identical cotyledons inside the nut. The harvest takes place in early to mid November. But some varieties are distinguished by an early ripening period.

Growing conditions

To grow a pecan seedling, it is recommended to choose the right planting site. The first step is to check the quality of the soil. It is best that the soil substrate has the following qualities:

• Fertile site.
• Drained layer.
• Deep bedding of groundwater.
• Loose, airy soil, easily permeable to both air and water.

Pecans can tolerate droughts, but if watered abundantly, they will respond with full fruits and a rich taste. In most cases, he is not worried about strong drops in temperature in winter. It does not freeze at air degrees -20 ..- 25 C.

Karia is able to give birth to the first fruits already at the age of 8. This year, the tree will allow to collect an average of 2 kg from its branches. In 4 years, the harvest will increase to 40-60 kg in one season. At 20 years old, the tree will delight 250 kg. Mature trees are capable of producing rich yields.

Reproduction and planting

Kariya gets along well in different territories. Several methods are used to reproduce it:

1. Through vaccination for a similar type of wood (white pecan).
2. Cuttings.
3. Budding.

In addition to these methods, planting with nuts is actively used. Nuts that have fallen out of their peel on their own, without human assistance or natural conditions (wind), are considered fully ripe. They should be of normal brown color, without any tarnishing or putrid odor. Such fruits are planted in a specially prepared place immediately after harvesting. Furrows are formed at least 10 cm deep. Nuts are laid down, sprinkled with earth on top.

The planting scheme should be such that there are at least 10, but not more than 15 seedlings per 1 m.

It is recommended to make gaps of about 1 m between planted furrows. This planting method provides natural stratification - hardening of young seedlings in winter conditions. In spring, practically all planted nuts produce young, strong shoots.

If you plant seedlings in the spring, then the event is required no earlier than April. Planting in the new year is a problematic procedure. There are several preparatory steps to be carried out before burrowing into the ground:

1. Conduct an artificial stratification.
2. Place the planting material in a container with water, for a period of 2-3 days.
3. Wet nuts are laid out in fresh sawdust or peat, abundantly moistened with water.
4. Move to a cool cellar or balcony.
5. Control over the quality of the soil substrate - constantly wet, the temperature should not exceed 4 C - better less.
6. The duration of stay in a cold room is 8 weeks.

The planting scheme is fully consistent with the autumn planting. The main thing is to choose the right place for the constant growth of Karia. The site should be bright, sunny, not shaded. It is desirable that the young tree be shielded from fierce winds and piercing drafts.

In the area where a young seedling is planted, water should not stagnate. Otherwise, the roots of the plant will begin to rot, and the young will die without even having time to take root.

Care Tips

Pecan grows very slowly. For the first 3 years, it may not reach 35 cm. Therefore, it should not be transplanted to a permanent place of residence until he is 4 years old. At this age, a young seedling is about 50 cm high.

A tree is planted for permanent residence in deep holes. Its depth should not be less than 60 cm, both in depth and in width. The nut does not tolerate acidic soil, so it should be fertilized with lime. This method will allow you to achieve neutral alkalinity. In addition to lime, rotted is poured into the recess compost... It will add fertility and nutritional value to the soil.

When planting a young tree, you need to remove all the soil from the roots. When planting, they are carefully leveled, sprinkling with earth on top. The soil around the trunk should be compacted to prevent hollow holes for moisture to accumulate. Periodic moderate is required watering.

When fertilizing, the plant is actively growing.

In the spring, you need to feed with nitrogen fertilizers. They stimulate the growth of young shoots. And in September, you need to fertilize with phosphorus and potassium. Such measures are necessary for the young. Older specimens need an addition of potassium salt, superphosphate and urea (nitrate) in the autumn.

In the spring, it is imperative to produce pruning - sanitary and anti-aging. In addition, broken, pest-affected and improperly growing branches should be removed. If you perform simple procedures, then a young pecan nut seedling planted with your own hands will be able to please with the first fruits 5-7 years after planting.

Composition and useful properties

Pecans are a very healthy nut. It contains a large amount of nutrients, trace elements and vitamins. It contains the following components:

• Vitamins E, A, K, C, group B
• Fatty acid
• Carbohydrates, proteins, water
• Trace elements of the periodic table
• Fructose and sucrose present

What properties does the nut have:

1. If consumed regularly in moderation, the nut can neutralize developing cancer cells. It helps to reduce cholesterol levels in the human body.
2. The action of the nut extends to the central nervous system. Its effect reduces the risk of myocardial infarction and varicose veins of the lower extremities, deep and superficial veins.
3. Walnut is widely used to treat diseases, colds and viruses. It helps to increase appetite and strengthen the patient's immunity.
4. In spring, when vitamin deficiency is active on people of different age groups, the nut has a beneficial effect on the general condition of a person. Due to the large amount of beneficial trace elements and vitamins, it gives the body the strength to fight infections.
5. In addition to the listed elements, Pecan contains carotene. It has a positive effect on eye diseases, improves clarity and visual acuity, and helps to improve the quality of blood.
6. When nuts are consumed by the weaker sex, hormonal levels are established, the risk of infertility decreases and reproductive function increases. Men, with frequent introduction of the product into the body, notice an increase in the quality of sperm. The latter allows the partner to become pregnant in a short time.
7. The fruit of the walnut tree can cure many skin conditions when consumed with food.

Thus, the nut is not only a useful product, but it has a large number of positive qualities that can improve the general condition of a person.

Application

Pecan has been used successfully in medicine. There are the following points in which the drug helps well:

• During therapy for skin diseases.
• For the treatment of internal organs.
• The fruits improve the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Nut grains have a beneficial effect on anemia.
• Reduces the possibility of developing eye diseases.
• Karia is often recommended for people who have had cancer as a prophylaxis.

Walnut oil plays an important role in dermatology. Its effect is able to eliminate fungal ailments and acne rashes. The product can be used both fresh, wiping it into gruel, and adding it to masks or creams for face and hair. Acting on the skin, walnut gruel restores a healthy look to the skin, increases elasticity and nourishes the upper layers of the epidermis with useful microelements.

The product can be eaten both raw and fried. The most popular dessert is Pecan with maple syrup. A feature of this type of nut is the rich taste of chocolate. This is why the product is so successful.

Harm and contraindications

Pecans are high in calories. In its raw form, the product contains 691 kcal. If you fry it, then the calorie content increases to 712 kcal. You can eat only 30 grams per day. nuts is the optimal daily volume. If you eat more than 100 gr. fruits, digestion problems may occur, there is a likelihood of vomiting and general weakness, an increase in temperature.

You should know the contraindications in order to know for sure that it is not recommended to feast on such a dessert:

1. Individual intolerance to the product.
2. Bowel disorder (loose stools).
3. Fatty liver.

With the manifestation of an allergic reaction, profuse sneezing, rashes on the skin may occur. With a large amount of product consumed in a difficult situation with allergies, the development of pulmonary edema takes place.

When mold appears on the upper shell of Karya, you should not eat a nut. It deteriorates, loses its positive qualities, and instead is filled with toxic substances.
This way, you can easily grow Pecans in your backyard.It is not only a tasty fruit, but also has beneficial qualities. But before using it for food, you should familiarize yourself with the possible contraindications and consequences.

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