Main types
There are two main types of barbed wire. Let's consider them in more detail.
Galvanized
For all the external similarity, modern barbed wire is not exactly the one that was patented at the end of the 19th century. By now, about 450 patents have been issued for it. Collectors of wire fences (there are, it turns out, such) number up to 2 thousand different types and samples. In the catalogs of manufacturers, only 2 dozen main varieties are often mentioned. The simplest option is a single-core corrugated construction with spikes throughout.
The thickness of such a product is most often 2.8 mm. It is this option that is usually used in summer cottages and fences around private houses.
Reinforced
Coating with a protective zinc layer does not always help to solve the assigned tasks. Sometimes a more significant strengthening of the enclosing structure is required. Such options are known:
- Bruno's spiral (turns of different diameters);
- flat corrugated tape with a pointed edge;
- "Chain-link" with diamond-shaped cells;
- spikes that complement the main fence.
A biaxial (more precisely, two-base) barbed barrier is also in demand. For the most part, it is made of galvanized metal.
A typical barbed wire texture looks like this.
Products operating under voltage must be rated for a current of 2-10 kV. They are mainly produced for cattle breeding and penitentiary institutions. Returning to tape designs, it is worth pointing out that they can damage significant areas of soft tissue. They are used to protect structures, including those mounted on frames and supports. And the classic type of barbed wire is used mainly on its own.
The traditional version is often referred to as "thread". It is always a galvanized material with a thickness of 2.5 to 2.8 mm. Going beyond these limits is strongly discouraged. There are threads both from one wire and from two strands braided into a "pigtail". This distinction is also made between the thorns. Stamped studs are mainly used where the maximum degree of protection is needed.
The elastic "thread" is relatively strong and has a small cross section. Such material is more resistant to the negative effects of temperature extremes. Resistance to mechanical stress is also increased. As a result, "threads" with increased elasticity are used for the construction of large spans. As for the "soft" wire, it is much more convenient when fastening.
However, over time, such a fence weakens and begins to sag intensively. This disadvantage is especially pronounced with a significant length of spans. The problem is not too significant if you mount the wire in small areas. In addition, technologists distinguish piercing-cutting tape and reinforced "twist" in a special category. All the rest, experts consider them to be only subspecies of the three main types of barbed wire.
Installation rules
Fastening of vertical supports, dug into the ground, is carried out in increments of no more than 3 m. These supports are quite enough for mounting the wire itself, nothing else is required. But an increase in the degree of protection is possible only with additional tension of the wire in the transverse plane with respect to the main strip. The barbed thread can be used in addition to the already created protective structures. In this case, it is mounted on top of fences and gates.
Reinforced tape is much more difficult to assemble. To install it you will need:
- scissors for cutting metal reinforcement;
- Grinder;
- some other tools, depending on how the wire is attached to the anchor points.
Egoza wire installation will be simplified by using special brackets. For flat and spiral models, the same type of brackets can be used. It is permissible to mount them in a variety of places. Now they sell crumbs of different formats:
- direct;
- L-shaped;
- Y-shaped.
The fence should be prepared independently with a step between the brackets of no more than 2.5-3 m. You need to work not only in protective gloves, but also in tight clothing. Sometimes it makes sense to even wear safety glasses. The shape of the bracket is selected taking into account the ease of installation. Before starting work, the area should be marked out.
Anchor points are fixed using bolts or by welding. Then a spiral is mounted on top of the crumbs using special brackets. The next step is to pull the double string along the entire length of the spiral. The spiral itself is aligned, and it is fixed using twists of a special pattern.
Finally, the individual parts of the wire fence are connected using mounting brackets. If the fence will be energized, you must warn about this by hanging special signs around the perimeter with clear warning text.
For the production of barbed wire, see the video below.
History of creation
It is impossible to name just one name of the person who invented the barbed defense. But it is quite obvious that the weak holding ability of ordinary flat wire pushed to its creation. It can hardly be seen as a serious barrier for animals in pastures or for criminals in prisons. In 1872, the American farmer G. Rose came up with the idea of attaching boards with sharpened wires to a simple wire fence. The patent was received about six months later.
But the modern look of barbed wire was created by Joseph Glidden. He realized that fastening sharp elements on the boards was irrational, so he created a metal structure, which, without additional devices, became a serious obstacle. Wrapping them with metal wire without sharpness helped to prevent the displacement of the spikes.
Important: Glidden did not create his design from scratch, but proceeded from the already known samples, including those proposed in France
Barbed wire owes much to J. Gates. For the first time in the United States, he widely used advanced methods of metal melting, which made it possible to reduce the cost of production. And it was also Gates who ran an advertising campaign showing that dozens of cows are securely held by a wire fence. The cheapening of the finished product and bright marketing did their job - soon the "thorn" was bought not only by those who were looking for an effective replacement for the wooden fence around their home. They began to use it where the abundance of forests made it possible to build traditional corrals, because it turned out to be easier and more profitable.
Varieties and scopes of steel wire
As you can see, depending on the production method, the application of the protective coating, as well as the thickness, mass and density, various types of steel wire are produced.
When we talked about the manufacturing process, we mentioned that the finished product is fired. In this case, at the output we get a flexible product that can be used for knitting, for example, chain-link mesh, bending reinforcement, supports for trees or plants, and so on.
Such wire is usually galvanized due to the peculiarities of its operation - in the open air, with frequent direct exposure to water, high and low temperatures.
- For the Rabitz, a heat-treated, zinc-coated wire with a diameter of 1.30 to 6.30 mm is used.
- For vine supports, flexible low-carbon steel wire with a rather small nominal cross-section of 2.10-2.30 mm is also used.
- For communication lines, only galvanized steel wire must be used, while the core itself is made of special “T” type steel.
Therefore, both thin and thick wire products are widely used. For some types of fittings, it is also important to use a non-bending unfired wire.
In conclusion, we can say that we have proven what was said at the beginning: low-carbon steel wire is a truly versatile material that is widely used to make completely different products that find their application in many areas of life.
Photo of barbed wire
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Installation of "thorns"
To protect the summer cottage, there are 2 options for installing a protective fence:
- Over or on top of an ordinary fence;
- Make a solid spiked (thorny) fence.
For this we need:
- Barbed wire (better - reinforced);
- Mounting brackets;
- Electric welding machine;
- Electrodes;
- Hardware (staples);
- Pliers;
- String;
- Protective clothing;
- Mittens.
The brackets are welded to the posts. The barbed wire is stretched and secured with hardware. To prevent it from sagging, the string is pulled. On top of it, a "thorn" is evenly distributed and fixed.
To make a continuous barbed wire fence (which can often be seen in the photo), pillars are dug in at a distance of at least 2 meters from each other. To increase stability, it is better to concrete them or make supports.
To stretch and fix the "thorns" to the posts along the entire length, "eyelets" are welded. Their step is at least 100 mm. The barbed wire is fixed on the "eyes" with hardware (staples).
To increase the protective functions of the fence, voltage can be applied to it. In this case, do not forget to post a sign with a warning about this!
Varieties
According to the manufacturing method, the "thorn" is subdivided into:
Full length galvanized steel wire with spikes. Its thickness is 2.8 mm. It is the simplest protective structure to protect your household on a farm or summer cottage;
Reinforced (corrugated) tape. It looks like a thin steel strip with sharp edges like blades. It has 2 varieties - AKL (straight) and ASKL (twisted).
Domestic manufacturers produce various versions of the "thorn" for all household, industrial, strategic and other needs. The most popular and well-known products are under two brands:
- "Egoza";
- "Gyurza".
Varieties and scope
Galvanized wire products can be made from a variety of materials. Steel, aluminum, titanium base is used. In some cases, manufacturers prefer nickel, zinc, copper. Bimetallic or polymetallic alloys are suitable.
Due to this, the wire is characterized by improved qualities and excellent anti-corrosion resistance. It is sold to customers in special rolls of 20-200 kg. Coils for 0.8-1.2 tons are also used.
Galvanized wire is produced using thermal action technology or without using this method.
The methods of processing the material also differ - knitting processing of a soft type, thermal or hard without processing impact.
If the wire is subjected to thermal hardware action, then it can be used in the manufacture of nails with a diameter of 1-6 mm, mesh-netting, in the process of air fastening of the cable. Taking these factors into account, the price for galvanized wire is also determined.
The semi-finished product is used in the production of household items - handles for buckets, hangers for hanging clothes, fasteners for boxes.
Sometimes the scope of application expands, and therefore it can be found in the process of reinforcing preparation of power transmission wires. It is used not only to install cable products, but also to create staples, key rings, clips.
The material is used in the manufacture of mesh, as well as an element of security systems, in particular, barbed galvanized wire is popular.
There are several other areas of application:
- In welding work.
- For laying communication channels - it has a normalized electrical resistance, low elongation. The material is type T steel. Diameter - 1.5-4 mm. The disadvantage is the risk of sagging due to heating. The coil of wire is covered with paper with an impermeable effect and a cloth containing chemical fibers.
- In the production of cores, which are used in aluminum and steel wires without insulation. Used grades for multi-wire and single-wire cores belonging to types A, B and C, depending on the mechanical properties.
Peculiarities
Egoza barbed wire is a type of security fence produced by the trademark of the same name. The Chelyabinsk plant, where it is produced, is part of the Russian Strategy LLC group of companies. Among his clients are state structures, objects of nuclear, thermal, electric power, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.When developing the wire, the specialists of the Egoza Perimeter Fencing Plant take into account the level of responsibility for the protection of objects of special importance and the needs of ordinary citizens who want to ensure reliable protection of their sites.
Flat belt designs have more varied technical characteristics. So, for Egoza products a spiral with a five-rivet fastening of the AKL type, the mass of the coil, depending on its diameter, ranges from 4 to 10 kg. The weight of 1 meter is easy to calculate based on the length of the skein - normally it is 15 m.
The manufacturer produces several types of Egoza wire. All products have common features: they are made of steel or galvanized tape, the presence of sharp spikes. All varieties have high strength and reliability, have a long service life, can be mounted both around the perimeter of existing fences, and independently, supported by pillars.
The main purpose of the Egoza wire is to protect objects from unauthorized entry. In places of grazing, it is used to prevent or stop the movement of the animal outside the designated area. In industrial, military, secret, guarded facilities, in water protection and nature protection zones, in places with limited access, barbed wire acts as a protective barrier, allowing not to block the visibility and access to natural light, as is the case with solid fences.
Depending on the type of product, its installation can be carried out in different ways. Most often, this wire is used for:
- creation of fences around the perimeter of roofs;
- fixation on vertical racks (in several levels);
- installation on supports with a horizontal tension string for 10-15 sections;
- laying on the ground (quick deployment).
All these features make barbed wire a popular solution for use in various types of facilities.
