What is a squeegee, thread, barrel, nipple, how do they differ

What is futorka

The socket is a specially designed adapter that is characterized by both external and internal threads.

Very often their diameter is significantly different. In the language of plumbers, they have their own "names".

So, the internal thread is usually called a nut, but the external one is called a fitting. There are also pipe and metric threads.

Each product can have its own thread diameter. This indicator is measured in inches or millimeters. The tool with which you can make such calculations is a caliper or a ruler.

The accuracy of measurements in this matter is quite important. A mismatch in the threaded connection, even one inch, can disrupt the normal functioning of the heating or plumbing system.

Based on the purpose and accessories used, the footwear is divided into two groups: used for cast iron products and for adapters for bimetallic and aluminum objects.

The characteristics of the first class include:

1. Products designed to connect cast iron batteries to pipelines and valves. The guiding factor is the design of the heating system itself.
2. Cast iron parts. Despite their low cost and lack of external coating, they have earned their place due to their high level of reliability.
3. Brass elements. Due to its ability to stick tightly to a cast iron product, it does not have such great popularity among consumers. This type of product has a slightly higher price tag and an inability to reuse.
4. Thread direction. The radiator can be connected from different sides - right or left. The direction of twisting at the foot will also change.
5. Possibility for better clamping when using different fixtures. The commonly used tools are open-end wrenches, plumbing and ring wrenches.
6. Products are characterized by a certain number of characteristics, namely maximum pressure, temperature, type of working environment. The adapter can use steam, air, oil, gas and water. The pressure can reach 25 bar, the maximum temperature will be 300 degrees. Based on these indicators, not every material is able to cope with its work in such conditions.

Note of the master: it is not recommended to use FUM tape to seal the threads of the radiator casing. This is due to the fact that it does not tolerate high temperatures well. The best option would be the classic type with flax.

The second group of products, namely adapters for aluminum and bimetal, include the following characteristics:

1. These parts are often made from high strength galvanized steel. This material provides a high level of reliability as well as resistance to corrosive processes.
2. Coating of the element with epoxy powder enamel. It gives the product strength, resistance to deformation, as well as attractiveness.
3. There is also a left-hand and right-hand thread.
4. In order not to violate the integrity of the components, during the installation process, a special key is used to tighten them. It will help to secure the connections well when assembling the system, and also not to damage the surface of the pipes itself.
5. Operating pressure. The maximum value of this indicator in the system is 16 Bar, and the temperature coolant is 110 degrees.
6. Paronite or silicone rings are best suited for sealing joints. Their effectiveness is due to their good resistance to high temperatures, as well as their ability to be elastic for a long time.
7. To ensure the comfort of buyers, manufacturers produce ready-made sets, which include 4 fittings and gaskets, one plug and a tap, and also a key.

There may also be adapters with a flange, which in their essence are also a footwear. The internal thread of such conductors is always larger than the external one.

What is futorka

A fitting is one of the types of threaded fittings used to connect parts, pipelines or other elements. Outwardly, it looks like a piece of pipe or a bolt, along the longitudinal axis of which a threaded hole is drilled.

Futorka works as an adapter from one thread to another

The main purpose is to provide a transition from one thread diameter to another.

Sometimes a hole with a torn off thread is drilled to a larger diameter, a new one is cut and a case with an inner diameter corresponding to the failed element is installed.

Furniture functions as connecting elements for screeds or fittings. In this case, the element is used not as an adapter, but as a nut recessed into the material.

Sometimes fittings are referred to as fittings without an inner hole.

Where are applied

They are used in many areas:

• Plumbing. Provide transition from one thread diameter to another, connection of pipes of different sizes.
• Furniture manufacture. Used as fasteners for parts or fittings. Furniture fittings do not have a hex head for an open-end or spanner wrench, being a sleeve with an external and internal thread. They are installed using a flat screwdriver or a hex wrench, for which the corresponding sockets are made.
• Technique. They are one of the repair options for worn threads. In particular, they are widely used in auto repair shops for the restoration of spark plugs.

The simplicity and reliability of this fitting are appreciated by consumers, the only circumstance limiting their use is the absence of some types or standard sizes in the immediate vicinity.

Views

They can differ in purpose:

• Plumbing. They are divided into the corresponding standard sizes of cast iron elements, bimetallic or aluminum parts.
• Furniture. There are metal and plastic elements. They are installed in pre-prepared sockets - for example, blind holes of a slightly smaller diameter. The thread is cut by the foot itself during installation, since furniture materials (chipboard or MDF) have a relatively soft structure. Some are equipped with an additional element - a ball that expands the part when screwing the connecting element and tightly fixes the fitting in the socket.
• Repair. They are used in workshops for the repair and restoration of various equipment, including vehicles. There are many types of such parts - from spiral repair inserts to full-fledged regular-look fittings. For each type of technical device, appropriate repair kits are made, including restoration elements for the most problematic threaded connections.

The types of footwear can differ in their purpose and the material from which they are made.

The material from which they are made can be very different. It depends on the area of ​​application of the element and the magnitude of the loads that it will experience.

What can be made of:

• cast iron;
• brass;
• Cink Steel;
• aluminum;
• plastic (nylon, polypropylene), etc.

It is impossible to compile an exhaustive list of products, since they are often made by separate manufacturers for specific assemblies or parts. Nevertheless, plumbing fittings are manufactured in accordance with technical standards and GOST requirements, so they can be used with sufficient confidence in efficiency and quality.

What it is?

Futorka - a type of threaded adapter (fitting), which is used to connect parts of circular cross-section, transition from one thread to another. In appearance, it resembles a cylinder with a threaded through hole and threads on the outer surface. The diameter of the outer thread is usually larger than the inner thread, but there are also reverse threads. The internal thread of the case is usually called a nut, the external thread is a fitting.

The installation of the foot is quite simple and in most cases does not require special skills and tools (you need a hexagon or a gas wrench).

Each product, depending on the field of application, can be of different sizes, have its own diameter and thread parameters. Typical characteristics are regulated by GOST, DIN, ISO standards. Non-standard models are also available.

How to use?

To replace an old broken thread or secure a connection, you need to correctly install the insert in the form of a spiral made of metal. You need to start everything by drilling the groove using an overhead jig. Then you should make a slight displacement of the axes of the hole (the deviation should be no more than 0.15 mm).

After that, you need to make threading in the formed recess of the part. A new insert is applied to the instrument.

Later, you need to wrap the wire insert into the recess of the tool tip. With the help of the latter, the insert is screwed into the old thread. When the element is firmly fixed in the hole, the tool is carefully removed, and the technological leash is removed.

It is recommended to check after installation. This can be done using a special gauge (through or non-through). If not, you can use the bolt. They are slowly inserted into the recess with a new insert. The threaded part must not be removed from the hole with these parts.

If you used a passing gauge, then its deviation during verification should not exceed 0.5 mm. A non-passable element must not be screwed into a new element.

The insert must fit into the recess made at least ¼ from the thread pitch. She shouldn't be performing. After such a proof test, the new connection will become even more robust and reliable.

Verification is necessarily carried out in cases where the thread is made in materials that are too soft, including aluminum structures.

How to restore the thread with your own hands, see below.

Basic principles for the selection of component parts

There are a number of requirements that apply to such elements, including footwear:

1. Size - the lack of information about the parameters of the equipment for which you need to purchase components will not give a positive result. For example, if the part differs by even one inch, then such a connection will not be reliable. Leakage is possible. If it is customary to mount the system on your own, and there is no experience in this matter, then it is recommended to take documentation with you to the store, for example, for radiators or other previously purchased equipment. This will not only make it easier for the sales consultant to find the necessary parts, but also help the buyer to understand this matter.
2. Heating system plan - the presence of a sketch will allow you to determine the location of all important nodes, as well as their number. Of particular importance in the selection of components is also their location relative to each other. Such a drawing will allow you to identify important points, as well as focus on certain problem areas.

Carving - you need to select the fit for other parts of the corresponding parameters. An error in the inch will cause the inability to connect such parts. Despite the fact that manufacturers produce components of certain standards, in order to exclude possible misalignment, experts recommend that you familiarize yourself with the features of the parts in advance. The instruction attached to the equipment will help with this.
Product quality - you can also visually evaluate components by this parameter. If the part is of good quality, then the thread, whether it is outside or inside, should be smooth without any damage. This also applies to other surfaces. They, in turn, must also be properly processed.
Material - you need to buy parts based on information about the equipment itself, to which the components are selected. So, for a cast-iron radiator, you also need to take a cast-iron threaded case. But for bimetallic and aluminum products, the best option would be an item made of galvanized steel.
Checking the elements - when making a purchase, it is imperative to check the part in practice. It is enough just to screw the component onto the double thread. If this is done easily and without too much resistance, then the part is good. Otherwise, the thread is damaged and the purchase of this product is not advisable.

Editorial advice: it is recommended to purchase parts and equipment from one company, or to complete the kit in a store. The seller will not only select the necessary items, but also save time.

Futorka is a nut or sleeve that is used to connect a variety of pipe diameters.

Thanks to this device, the heating system can be installed easily and without problems, despite the large differences in pipe sizes. Before proceeding with the installation work, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with all possible options for connecting the main elements of the system

This is important because the diameter of individual pipeline elements and all connections may differ.

Watch a video that discusses the features of bathroom fittings:

Dimensions (edit)

Fittings are available in different sizes for different tasks. They can be guided by GOST / DIN standards, or they can be atypical, depending on the design decisions of the furniture manufacturer. Atypical ones are usually not sold separately, but are included when ordering ready-made furniture. But mainly manufacturers are guided by the DIN 7965 standard for mortise furniture couplings.

That is, the inner diameter of the foot is selected in the same way as for a conventional nut: a counter screw of the same diameter is attached to it (for an M4 foot - an M4 screw, and so on). The most popular sizes: M4, M5, M6, M8, M10. And also there are couplings for screws, studs, screws.

In order to choose the right shoe, in addition to the diameter of the internal thread, you must also take into account its external diameter and length. The outer diameter is usually 6 to 29 mm. The thread pitch is from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The outside diameter determines the size of the hole that is drilled into the material. Along with this parameter, the method of fastening must be taken into account - a threaded case, with a notch, with a spacer mechanism, and so on.

Length is how deep the sleeve will go into the material. Usually this parameter is from 8 to 20 mm. You need to choose the footwear in length so that at least a few millimeters remain to the front side (the hole is usually not made through). Also, the sleeve should not protrude and interfere with the installation of other fittings.

At the same time, the length must be sufficient for the fastening to be strong and withstand the required loads. Therefore, one of the most demanded options is a case with an outer diameter-to-length ratio of 10x13 mm for a standard screw. It is considered universal. Although a number of tasks may require miniature fasteners or, conversely, long sleeves for highly loaded fasteners.

Peculiarities

Thread restoration fittings are special inserts that are superimposed on old connections. At the same time, they provide additional protection for the mounts and their reliability. Can be used in candle wells.

Most often, such inserts are used for cast iron and aluminum fasteners.These products have a spiral surface, they are made exclusively from materials that are highly resistant to corrosion.

Threaded inserts are made, as a rule, of stainless steel. Products made from such a metal base have a high level of strength, wear resistance and durability. Often, the surfaces of these parts are additionally coated with special protective compounds that prevent them from corroding.