Dowel pgp slabs and blocks

Installation features

To drive a dowel into, it is not necessary to invite craftsmen. You can do everything yourself. You will need such tools and materials: the dowel itself of a certain design, a sharp nail, an electric drill and a victorious drill (you can use a puncher), electrical tape, a small hammer.

The main stages of fastening:

• The installation site is determined after careful planning.
• With a hacksaw, nail or something else, make a small indentation in the marked place.
• A drill is selected for an electric drill of the appropriate diameter - it must exactly fit the size of the screw and the required hole for it. The dowels must be inserted into the hole with force in order to be securely fixed inside. On the drill, it is advisable to make a mark with a piece of electrical tape along the depth of the hole with a small margin to limit drilling. The drill should be strictly perpendicular to the surface. A hole is made.
• You need to remove dust, debris, crumbs from the hole - it is better to do this with a vacuum cleaner, but you can use anything you like.
• Next, a plastic or metal dowel for concrete is carefully mounted into the hole, hammered with a hammer with strong precise movements to the maximum stop, a screw is screwed into it (if screws are included in the construction kit).

Features of the hollow block

This building material has some features. Due to the voids in the rooms, heat is perfectly retained. Using this brick in the construction of a residential building, it is possible to ensure a high level of thermal energy storage in cold weather. In addition, hollow types of materials are distinguished by good sound insulation. These types of bricks are resistant to various climatic conditions.

The blocks are able to withstand 40-degree frosts without any problems. Hollow brick has a good appearance. On the modern market, there are a lot of options for facing material. Products are available in various colors and textures. Hollow brick construction does not require deep foundations. This greatly simplifies the work process. This type of brick is much lighter than all other materials. Therefore, even the simplest foundation will withstand the construction of it. It is very profitable to buy this brick - its price is much lower than that of solid counterparts. If you can build from such a block, you can save up to 30% of funds. Also, hollow blocks are inexpensive to transport, since their weight is much lower than that of solid counterparts.

Types of dowels

Before hammering a dowel-nail into a concrete wall, it is necessary to carefully study the structures and features of all existing fasteners in order to choose the only correct option. The most effective and popular are: spacer, chemical, facade, such as nail, butterfly, KBT, universal, GB, etc. Available without dowels.

Classic

This design is a plastic sleeve with notches along the entire length and antennae, as well as a special rod inserted into it, which guarantees the strength and reliability of the fastener. When the rod is driven into the sleeve, the plastic expands in the hole, guaranteeing a good fit.

Self-tapping screw into concrete without dowel

The self-tapping dowel for concrete is made with a variable thread that is screwed directly into the monolith. First, as usual, a hole of a smaller diameter is drilled, then the dowel is screwed in, during which the variable notch expands the cavity, and the thread fixes the self-tapping screw.

The fasteners are distinguished by high bearing capacity, durability, it is very difficult to dismantle, and therefore it belongs to the type of stationary fasteners.

Spacer

Such a dowel is suitable for fastening rigid structures - it is usually made in the form of slate, hammered into the monolith with a hammer. Fasteners can also be different (in the form of a cylinder or tubular), spacers can be 2-3, with spikes. The connection turns out to be strong, suitable for loose materials, with voids.

Butterfly

This option is suitable when fastening with dowel-nails to a concrete wall, which is very thin. The sleeve is attached to the hole, and its back side is rolled up during the insertion process, which securely fixes the dowel.

Universal

Universal metal dowels for concrete resemble spacers. In hollow walls, in the process of screwing in the nail, the sleeve is wrapped in a knot, fixing the fasteners in the "butterfly" type. The same mount can be used for a wide variety of monolith types.

Ordinary fasteners are simply hammered into the wall with a hammer or a special pistol.

Façade

It is used for the installation of various thermal insulation structures. It looks like a spacer, but has a longer length and a larger cap. The rod and sleeve are made of shock-resistant materials.

Chemical

This type of fastener is different from all others. The structure includes a capsule with glue and a metal screw. Usually they use this.

First, a capsule corresponding to its size is inserted into the hole, breaks, an adhesive comes out of it, a metal rod is inserted into it.

Kwt

Relevant only for aerated concrete monoliths. It has a wide thread, which guarantees high-quality fastening in porous structures.

GB

Usually such products are used in work with polystyrene concrete blocks. The sleeve is somewhat reminiscent of a spacer, but made in the form of a spiral. The dowel is capable of withstanding serious loads, so it can be used to mount hoods, hanging cabinets, various types of shelves and heavy household items, equipment.

What is a classic dowel

The classic dowel for concrete and other solid materials has been preferred by specialists in the field of construction and repair for a long time. Consumers often refer to it as “nail dowel”. The concrete fastener can be made of metal, nylon and various types of plastic. Naturally, products made from different materials differ in their characteristics and, accordingly, in their field of application.

Polypropylene dowel-nail with a countersunk rim

The bearing capacity of the dowel for concrete is determined by its design features. In the classic version, the dowel-nail is a sleeve, on the entire outer surface of which special notches are made, which prevent such an element from turning in a hole in a wall or in any other building structure. To prevent the fastener from pulling out of the wall, special mustaches help, which, due to their elasticity, are constantly in an open state. When the screw is screwed in, the fastening element is unclenched due to the longitudinal slots on its surface, which ensures high reliability of its fixation.

Parameters of dowel-nails with mushroom-shaped collar used for through installation (click to enlarge)

In addition to the dowel fasteners, which work according to the mechanical principle, on the modern market there are dowels for porous concrete and other similar materials, which are fixed in the holes using a special adhesive composition. Filling the internal cavities of the porous material, the adhesive composition reliably fixes such an anchor element in a previously prepared hole.

The classic dowel-nail, intended for concrete, is such a versatile fastener that it is rather difficult to list all the areas of its application. With its help, they carry out the installation of frames for various purposes, fix furniture and interior items to the surface of the walls, fix household appliances at the required installation site, and also solve a whole list of other important tasks.

Metal hammered dowel nails can be made of steel or aluminum alloys

What is the difference between a concrete dowel and a brick dowel

High reliability of fastening obtained with the help of dowel-type products will be achieved only if they are correctly selected not only taking into account their size, but also the material of the structure in which they will be mounted.

Experts do not recommend the use of a concrete dowel for installation in brick building structures. This recommendation is especially relevant when it comes to hollow brick. In this case, special fasteners are used for installation, which differ from the usual dowel-nail both in the device and in the features of use.

The elongated dowel for hollow bricks has certain design features

Fasteners for masonry have elongated dimensions and a double expansion mechanism. Like a dowel designed for concrete work, such a fastener can be plastic or metal. The reliability of fastening the dowel for a brick is ensured due to the fact that at least one of its spacers does not fall into the cavity in the brickwork, but into its solid part, it is he who provides the required fixation of the anchor in the wall or any other building structure. The expansion sleeve of the dowel is unclasped when a threaded rod or screw is screwed into it, the diameter of which must be selected correctly.

Some types of universal dowels (click to enlarge). It is simply impossible to show all the numerous assortment

The dowel for concrete works in a completely different way and can only be used for installation in solid solid materials. Such a dowel with an interference fit is hammered (therefore it is often called a nail) into a previously prepared hole. If you try to fix the fasteners for concrete in a brick wall, in the internal structure of which there are many air cavities, then you can simply destroy the landing hole. Even if such a dowel is metal and has a considerable length, you still will not achieve its reliable fixation in a brick or in any other porous, hollow and not very strong material.

Considering all of the above, one should very responsibly approach the choice of fasteners for structures made of various materials that differ both in their hardness and in the features of the internal structure. To understand what a particular fastener is intended for, the marking applied by manufacturers to the packaging of such products helps.

How to install the dowel correctly

It is not so difficult to install the dowel in the GWP. You just need to follow certain rules:

first of all, it is necessary to make a mark at the place of installation of the dowel. This is done with a pen or pencil;
then a recess is made with a core at the place of the mark, for the correct installation of the drill;
when making a hole in the wall for planting the dowel, it is necessary to take into account its diameter, it is necessary that the fastening structure enters into it with little effort

Be sure to pay attention to the length of the screw used, it should be equal to the length of the dowel. Otherwise, the dowel may move during its installation and damage the tongue-and-groove plate;
having installed such a fastener, the gap formed in the form of a rim between the self-tapping screw and the hole must be filled with acrylic or covered with putty - this will prevent loosening of the fasteners;
using the automatic method of tightening the screw, you do not need to screw it completely into the dowel, you should make the last few turns manually with a screwdriver

This will help to avoid unwanted movement in the hole.

Varieties of dowels for brick walls

Dowels are used to attach furniture, paintings or other objects to brick walls, since they are capable of withstanding heavy loads. In order for the fasteners to be reliably held in the base, it is necessary to choose the correct type and size, depending on the range of bricks or concrete. If the dowel is not used for its intended purpose, it may not withstand the load and fall out of the hole.

Types of dowels and their features

1. Externally, the dowel looks like a cork, has a cylindrical shape with a cavity. When the screw is screwed in, its body expands and abuts against the walls of the hole. The most common are nylon and polyethylene expansion plugs. To prevent the screw or nail from falling inside, the fasteners are equipped with a special collar equal to the diameter of the screw head.

2. For walls made of porous or hollow bricks, anchor fasteners are used. As soon as such a dowel begins to be screwed into the brickwork, its end expands or twists in the form of a knot. The resulting "nut" inside the voids reliably holds any object.

3. Nail dowels are used for fastening strips under the cladding with finishing material, they are small in size. They come with a nail. Install them together through the hole in the rail and wall. Then they hammer in with a hammer.

4. Special dowels-umbrellas are used to fix the thermal insulation. An umbrella is inserted into the hole in the wall and through the insulation, and then a nail (plastic or metal) is hammered in. For heavy loads, for example, up to several tons, metal dowels for concrete and brick are used.

5. For suspended ceilings, metal fasteners are best suited. In the event of a fire, the plastic will melt and the ceiling will collapse.

• reliable mount that can withstand heavy loads;
• easy to use;
• use both indoors and outdoors is possible.

Due to the presence of thorns and whiskers on them, they do not scroll while screwing in the screw.

Masonry dowel installation rules

Considering the fact that it is somewhat more difficult to install the dowel fasteners designed for bricks than fixing the dowel used for concrete work in the wall, you should understand this procedure in more detail. In this situation, it is very useful to take advantage of the experience of specialists who are often faced with the need to reliably fix objects that have even a very significant weight on brick building structures.

During installation, the distances from the edges and between the dowels must be observed, depending on the size of the dowels and the depth of anchoring.

If in order to fix a dowel for work on concrete in a building structure, which is hammered in like a simple nail, it is enough to use a minimum set of tools, then for a neat and reliable fixation of fasteners in a brick wall you will need:

• a hammer drill or drill needed to drill the bore hole;
• drill of the appropriate diameter;
• glue designed for laying ceramic tiles;
• a set of rubber spatulas of different sizes.

Dowel installation procedure

The very procedure for installing a dowel into a brick wall consists of the following steps.

The first thing to do is to carefully drill a bore hole for mounting the fastener. This can be done using an electric drill or a hammer drill, on which the drilling-only mode (no impact) is enabled.

It is important that the diameter of the drill used to perform this procedure exactly matches the diameter of the dowel itself.
After drilling, the hole must be thoroughly cleaned of construction dust and pieces of material that has crumbled into its internal cavity. You can check how thoroughly you cleaned the hole using the dowel itself: it should enter without difficulty and obstacles.
When the hole is thoroughly cleaned, you can start working with dry tile adhesive, which must be diluted with water in the proportion indicated by the manufacturer.

After the glue mass is ready for use, it is necessary to fill the hole drilled for the dowel with it. You can use a rubber spatula for this, and you can push the glue mass into the depth of the hole using the dowel itself or a regular pencil. When the hole is completely filled with adhesive mass, you can insert a dowel into it, which should go into it until it stops. After that, it is necessary to allow the adhesive composition to completely solidify, which is quite enough 24 hours.
After the tile adhesive has completely hardened, you can screw a threaded element (stud or screw) into the dowel
In this case, be sure to pay attention to the fact that screwing in occurs with some effort. This means that your dowel is firmly anchored in the brickwork.
Fasteners obtained using such a simple technology are highly reliable and can withstand even significant weight loads.

You can also use this method if you need to install fasteners in a porous material (the use of concrete dowels for such structures is also prohibited). Such materials, in particular, can be gas or foam concrete, porous bricks, etc. Taking into account their high popularity in the modern construction market, the choice of fasteners that could provide reliable fastening of objects fixed to such structures is a rather serious problem.

In conclusion, we suggest you watch a couple of videos that highlight some of the nuances of installing dowels into bases made of various materials.

Dismantling features

When choosing which dowel is good and which one is not suitable for the task at hand, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of dismantling. If there is a possibility that the mount will need to be removed in the future, it is advisable to think about it before installing it.

To quickly and correctly perform dismantling, you will need a variety of tools that are usually in the arsenal of any master. Some types of dowels (chemical, for example) cannot be dismantled).

How to dismantle the dowel:

• To remove an ordinary plastic dowel, it is enough to find a self-tapping screw of the appropriate size. The self-tapping screw is screwed 2/3 into the dowel itself, the screw head is carefully clamped with pliers, then pulled out of the monolith together with the dowel. In some cases, a corkscrew will suffice.
• The head of the self-tapping screw, which is inserted into the dowel, can be pry off with a nail puller. Here you need to ensure that the working part of the self-tapping screw fits snugly in the hole itself.
• Homemade wood dowels are taken out in parts - first, a piece of wood (easiest along the grain) is crushed into separate pieces using a chisel (preferably with a thin blade) and a hammer. After the dowel is destroyed, it is pryed off with an awl, sharp knife or nail and pulled out of the nest.
• In some cases, the dowel firmly sitting in the monolith is easier not to dismantle at all - it is better to cut off the part that comes out to the surface, carefully cover the depression with plaster of paris and carefully align.
• If part of the screw is stuck in the dowel, you will need a heated soldering iron. First, the plastic base of the dowel melts gently, then the fragment of the fastener is pry off with round-nose pliers or nippers and removed.
• A metal dowel, which was hammered into concrete with a construction gun, is first processed with strong, frequent blows of a hammer, acting on the protruding part of the product from different sides. Usually, the anchor plug will loosen during the process and can be easily removed. If it is difficult to loosen, you can make a groove nearby with a drill with a hard alloy tip or a metal punch. Thanks to the circular funnel, the area of ​​adhesion of the fasteners to the wall will decrease, and it will be easier to remove it.

Dowels for concrete today in the construction market of Moscow and the region, other regions are presented in a wide variety, therefore, it will not be difficult to find fasteners that exactly meet the requirements and operating conditions. The main thing is to choose reliable suppliers and focus on product quality.

Varieties of chemical anchors

Such a dowel consists of special adhesives and a metal insert. This is a bushing, inside of which the thread is cut. Also, the structure includes a hairpin and a reinforcing bar. This element is made of various grades of stainless or galvanized steel. The process of joining with fasteners of this type is carried out due to a special chemical composition - according to its characteristics, it is glue. It must be stuffed into a pre-drilled hole. And then, through the polymerization process, a strong bond between the hollow brick and this connector will be ensured.

Tips and tricks from experienced builders

Recommendations on how to fix the dowel part in the wall correctly:

• Pre-clean the funnel where the self-tapping screw will be inserted.
• The hole must be deeper than the length of the dowel.
• If the wall is fragile, wet the plastic part of the fastener with glue before starting the installation.
• If there are voids in the wall, it is advisable to use butterfly-type fasteners.
• It is advisable to drill the funnel at a slight angle by tilting the drill bit towards the floor.
• It is advisable to use new drills of the same diameter with the dowel.
• During installation, if complications arise, they remove the fasteners and check with wire what prevents him from entering deeper.
• Choose fasteners in accordance with the type of wall.

Previous Post How to Repair Laptop Lid Mount
Next post Installing the hob

Mount selection

When choosing a particular mount, you need to know in what conditions it will be used. For internal use, there is no fundamental difference what the dowel is made of. External mounts require a higher quality material such as nylon.

The choice of a dowel largely depends on what structure the plates for partitions have. For partitions with a solid structure, expansion dowels are used. Anchor dowels are installed in the hollow slabs.

Knowing what kind of load will be on the mount, you can correctly select the type and size of the dowel, the depth of its burial. With its increase, the power of the dowel and the depth of the hole increase. For the strength of adhesion of the dowel to the surface, PVA glue is used.

How to choose a mount?

When choosing a mount, it is necessary to take into account the conditions of its operation. If the work is carried out indoors, then there is not much difference in what material the dowel is made of. For external work, nylon elements are used. The dowel is chosen depending on the structure of the tongue-and-groove plate. If the slab is hollow, then anchor type dowels are used, with solid form, spacers are used.

In order to choose the right type and size of dowels, it is necessary to calculate the approximate load on this element. The greater the load, the larger the dowel and its deepening should be. To increase the strength of the attachment, you can use PVA glue. The hollow core slab is up to 25 percent lighter than the solid element.When fastening in two or more places, it can withstand a weight of about 200 kilograms; too heavy pieces of furniture are not safe to install in living quarters.

Heavy furniture can be secured with double sleeve anchors, which is the safest anchorage. Partitions made of tongue-and-groove tiles are durable and suitable for placing on them not too heavy structures. On such a partition, you can hang mirrors, kitchen cabinets or a TV. To fix the elements on such a partition, plastic dowels of a universal type are used, having a diameter of 8 to 10 millimeters. If the slab is solid, then use expansion dowels with the same diameter. The hole is made using the bumpless mode, the drill should be a millimeter less than the dowel diameter.

Types of chemical dowels and installation methods

Compositions-adhesives are usually two-component. They are prepared immediately before installation work. Often, this composition can be bought either in ampoules for a certain diameter and length of the hole, or in special cartridges and other packages. This package consists of two compartments. One contains the glue itself, the other contains a hardener. In the process of installation work, an ampoule is inserted into the prepared holes, and then a mounting metal rod - it will crush the package with glue. Then polymerization will begin, which will provide the connection with the necessary strength. Installation using cartridges is carried out by squeezing out the glue and hardener composition in the required proportions, mixing the substances. Then the resulting mixture is pumped into the hole. Construction professionals speak very positively about these products. There is nothing easier than fixing the dowel in a hollow brick, porous ceramic block or in aerated concrete. In addition, specialists install a perforated sleeve in such structures. It prevents strong leakage of glue into the voids of the building material. The joint created in this way has high strength and reliability. There are no analogues today.

Fischer UX universal anchor, nylon

Appointment. The UX is a versatile nylon plug. It is used for attaching curtain rods for curtains, paintings, baskets, motion detectors, mailboxes, lamps, light mirrors, baseboards, towel holders, light shelves and electrical switches.
Design features. The UX nylon dowel has a special serrated locking element that prevents the dowel from twisting.
Principle of operation. When the screw is screwed into the UX universal nylon anchor, the teeth of the anchor expand and are securely fixed in the surface.
Fastener material. The UX dowel is made of nylon.
Base material. The UX universal nylon plug is suitable for use in concrete. It can also be used in drywall, fiberboard, chipboard, gypsum plasterboard, in hollow concrete blocks, in a hollow block of lightweight concrete, natural stone with a dense structure, in silicate solid brick, in brick with a vertical void, in a solid block of lightweight concrete.
Mounting. To install the UX dowel, a hole must be drilled in the surface. Then insert a dowel into it and screw a screw into it. In aerated concrete and hollow brick, drilling must be carried out in rotation mode. It is forbidden to use a universal nylon plug for attaching suspended products to the ceiling. For push-through installation, use a screw with the maximum diameter.

What is a tongue-and-groove plate?

The tongue-and-groove plate is an environmentally friendly material that has ridges and grooves, it is used as a quick installation of partitions. The dimensions of one plate are 667 * 500 * 80 millimeters. The material is made from gypsum elements with the addition of plasticizers. The thermal insulation properties of the slab are comparable to that of a concrete wall.

Single and double partitions for apartments are made of the tongue-and-groove plate, making an air gap. There are slabs that are resistant to moisture, they are used in the kitchen or in the bathroom, and they are green in color. The material can withstand loads from objects that are used in everyday life. The main advantages of the tongue-and-groove plate are ease of installation, it is installed and fixed by gluing. The surface does not require additional processing, that is, plaster, you can immediately glue wallpaper on it. If the board will be painted, then it is enough to perform the initial putty. You can hide communications in hollow elements, they are easy to cut and saw

When using a hollow slab, it is important to choose the right fasteners, then it will withstand the loads of household furniture. Usually, a universal expansion dowel is used.

Also, the advantage of the slab is its incombustibility, which makes it possible to carry out hidden wiring in hollow elements. It is much easier to make door or window openings compared to other materials, and it is not necessary to perform reinforcement. Thus, using the tongue-and-groove material can save time and effort. Such a partition can be done independently without too much effort. The finishing of the slab will be minimal, that is, money will be saved on materials. Such a partition is distinguished by high sound-proof and heat-insulating properties, which makes it possible to create walls between apartments. After fixing the partition, you can immediately glue the wallpaper or perform a thin layer of starting putty, and then paint the surface. The finishing material is selected depending on the interior of the room. Solid slabs are slightly heavier than empty elements, but they are also actively used as partitions.

In order for cabinets or other household items to be firmly and reliably held on the tongue-and-groove plate, it is necessary to select the correct fasteners, usually dowels are used for this. The element is inserted into a pre-made hole, and then a screw of the required diameter is screwed into it. After that, a spacer occurs in the dowel, it is firmly held in the wall, and has a low pull-out ability. Thus, using dowels, mirrors, televisions, cabinets, and other items that will be used for their intended purpose or serve as a decor item can be attached to the tongue-and-groove plate using dowels.

Dowels of PGP slabs

The classic fasteners for building materials other than wood are a pair of dowels and a screw. The dowel is fixed in the structure, like a base, and the screw, screwing (hammering) into the dowel, expands it, so that the whole structure is firmly fixed in the base.

It is worth noting that, according to the load on the fasteners, the dowel + screw can be hung not very heavy objects. So the maximum load on the plastic dowel can be 95 kg (on average 50-60 kg), and the maximum lateral load on the metal anchor is 200-250 kg. (see table below)

For especially heavy fastening to walls made of PPG, through fastenings with a spacer platform on the opposite side of the slab are used, as well as anchors.

Let's take a closer look at the dowels of GWP plates in more detail. And let's start with the universal classic Fischer dowel for pgp.

Dyubel Fischer

The correct name for this nylon plug is "S Fischer". Distinctive features of this dowel in gray, straight edge and the presence of characteristic tendrils to enhance the expansion.

The dowel tendrils are extremely important. Moreover, when installing this dowel in the hole, the arrangement of the antennae must be observed. They should be parallel to the corner (edge) of the structure.

Such an arrangement of the antennae will ensure the vertical direction of the expansion of the dowel, which will improve the strength of the fastening.

According to the table below, on the PGP Fisher dowel, with a diameter of 10 mm, when drilling to 70 mm, 24 kg of weight can be hung. An excellent option for installing a TV on the wall.

Maximum load table.

Dowel Upat

The name of this dowel is correct UPAT U. It is also made of nylon, but with more pronounced tendrils and hooks.

Thanks to this, heavier weights can be hung on it. So the UPAT U dowel with a diameter of 10 mm, a length of 65 mm will be able to withstand a weight of 30 kg.

Maximum load table.

Dowel TOX

Three types of dowels are recommended in the TOX fixing assortment:

- Universal TOX TFS dowel, it twists when screwing in the screw. Can be used as a drywall plug;

- Dowel 4AS;

- TOX TRI.

Table of maximum loads for TOX dowels.

Hollow brick

What is this material? In modern construction, two types of bricks are used - hollow and solid. The main function of the first materials is the construction of buildings, which must be as strong and durable as possible.

This brick is good in all respects. The material is lightweight, strong, easy to install. However, it has a significant drawback. It retains heat poorly in rooms. Although hollow brick practically does not differ in strength from solid brick, it is more often used in finishing work. The internal void in such a building material can be, depending on the type and manufacturer, from 30% to 50%. Low-melting types of clay are used as raw materials for such blocks. It is from it that red brick is made. There is also another option. It is a silicate hollow white appearance. Let's take a look at the features and properties of mounting blocks.