Features of 4x4 mini tractors

Advantages and disadvantages of a homemade design

In a crisis, the defining moment that affects many areas of life and industry is the issue of saving money. It is this circumstance that pushes many enthusiasts to independently manufacture not only mini tractors, but also other agricultural equipment.

This fact, in many respects, becomes decisive, especially for rural areas, where there has been no employment for a long time, and, as a consequence, no money. All that people living in villages and villages have is their personal economy, which feeds them throughout the year.

Advantages

Therefore, homemade units in rural areas will be popular for a long time.

In addition to the obvious cost savings, self-assembly has a number of advantages:

• Due to its compact dimensions, a home-made unit is capable of performing work in fairly small areas. Considering that most private gardens are small, this circumstance becomes important, because the use of large-sized equipment, in this case, is inappropriate.
• A quick return on investment - literally in one season. This is a consequence of the savings on components that were described earlier.
• Quite good performance indicators that the homemade unit demonstrates.

However, no matter how you might want to, homemade mini tractors also have certain disadvantages that must be pointed out:

• When assembling, there is a certain problem of finding the right parts and spare parts.
• The consequence of the previous problem is the issue of repair, because if a certain part fails, it will be quite difficult to find it.
• Self-assembly requires certain knowledge in technology, as well as the ability to work with a welding machine and a lathe. In other words, the assembly is not suitable for everyone.
• Due to the fact that an all-wheel drive home-made mini-tractor is made mainly from old components, this may affect the frequency of equipment breakdowns.

disadvantages

As we can see, there are a lot of disadvantages. But, at the everyday level, self-assembly becomes almost the only alternative, due to its relative cheapness.

Chinese manufacturers

Among the mini special equipment of foreign manufacturers, the most popular in our country are Chinese-made models, which are actually not inferior in reliability and quality to American, European and Japanese counterparts. At the same time, they have a number of significant advantages for Russian consumers:

• significantly lower cost compared to well-known brands of special equipment;
• rich equipment providing high versatility of equipment;
• excellent design and ease of use;
• sufficient reliability and efficiency during operation and repair;
• availability of consumables and spare parts

Consider the characteristics of the most famous models of Chinese mini tractors.

Xingtai (Xingtai)

These mini tractors are produced by the most famous Chinese company XingtaiMotors in several basic modifications that differ from each other in engine power, external design, functionality and, accordingly, in price.

Jinma (Jinma)

Produced by a large tractor plant in China in several versions with diesel engines from 18 to 55 l / s, including a special compact model for use in confined spaces, such as greenhouses.

DongFeng

The lineup is represented by several modifications, differing in engines of different power from 24 to 40 hp.

Weituo

They are produced in two main series "TS" and "TY", each of which includes several modifications with diesel engines from 12 to 24 l / s and from 25 to 35 l / s, respectively.

DTZ

DTZ - mini-tractors made in China, which are designed to process plots of more than 3 hectares. Special equipment of this brand can be used at all stages of sowing operations. Consider the technical characteristics of the most popular models.

Helpful hints and warnings

The key properties of each mini tractor, which must first of all be paid attention to when choosing such a technique, are:

• Dimensional characteristics. When choosing the size of the tractor, you need to think about whether it will fit normally in the existing garage, whether it will be able to drive along country paths, while maintaining normal maneuverability, etc.

• So, if a mini-tractor is bought, for example, only for cutting grass and collecting garbage, you can buy a budget small-sized unit. If you are going to cultivate the land, remove snow and solve other serious tasks, give preference to more solid solutions.
• The weight. There are no specific recommendations. For the most part, experts advise to calculate the optimal weight of the tractor so that for each horsepower of its power there is about 40-50 kg. That is, if the tractor's power is, for example, 20 horsepower, it is better that it weighs about 800-1000 kg.
• Power indicators. Units with engines for 24 "horses" allow solving the overwhelming majority of tasks arising in a private economy. Most often, such mini tractors are equipped with three-cylinder diesel engines for 4 strokes, sometimes with two-cylinder ones.
• Technique for 24 h.p. will be effective on plots up to 5 hectares. With wider spaces, you should take a closer look at units for 35-40 "horses". If a mini-tractor is purchased for cutting grass, 16 hp will be enough.

Thus, the assortment of domestic manufacturers includes a wide selection of mini tractors with different power, functionality and other characteristics.

In the course of reading the above information, you got an idea of ​​the most popular models and studied useful recommendations for choosing this kind of technology. Follow these tips, and you can easily choose a mini tractor that will become your reliable assistant for many years.

Read the article about minitrators made in Belarus. And also how to make a mini tractor from a walk-behind tractor and a homemade tractor do it yourself.

Maintenance and operation

Running-in may not be performed, since this model is assembled and run-in in production, however, for the first few days after purchase, do the work at 70% of the maximum power - the engine parts must be run-in.

When operating a mini tractor, observe the following rules:

• carry out maintenance according to service categories (every 50, 250, 500, 1000 working hours);
• check tire pressure daily;
• change the oil in the gearbox and motor every 50 hours, clean the air filter. Diesel fuel is used for the engine according to the GB / T 252-1994 standard, for the transmission - oil of the 80W / 90 or 85W / 90 standard;
• in subsequent inspections, check the belt tension, electrolyte level, adjust them to normal;
• after 250 operating hours, clean the filters of the hydraulic system, check the camber, adjust it;
• clean the oil sump according to the instructions.

It is allowed to process virgin lands using Rusich 184. Regularly remove dust and oil residues from the surface of the minitractor. Store the mini tractor under a cover or in a closed, dry place.

At the end of the field work, the minitractor is preserved, namely: it is cleaned of contamination, dried, the oil and fuel are drained, the parts are lubricated so that corrosion does not form, it is covered and put in a dry place.

Operation and maintenance

Running-in on mini-tractors is not necessary, since manufacturers do it immediately after assembly, identifying design flaws and assembly errors. Only proven mini tractors go further and are supplied for sale. However, the instructions for use say that it is advisable to use the equipment only at 70% of its capacity. This is necessary in order for the parts in the engine to run in. There are other requirements that manufacturers of such equipment are asked not to forget:

• technical inspection is carried out in accordance with the established terms, that is, the first one after 50 working hours, then after 250, 500 and a thousand;
• for the normal operation of the equipment and stable movement across the field, the user is required to carry out a daily check of the tire pressure;
• the oil is changed every 50 hours worked by the tractor, while it is drained from the motor and the belt reducer, followed by cleaning the air filter;
• for diesel engines, the fuel must meet the standard, however, as well as the oil;
• over time, you will have to inspect the belt and adjust the degree of its tension, and also monitor the electrolyte level, since these two indicators should be at the level;
• after 250 hours worked, it is imperative to clean the filter in the hydraulic system, as well as to control the camber toe;
• regularly clean the oil sump, in accordance with the terms prescribed in the instructions.

The mini-tractor should stand in a dry room, oil and dust will need to be removed from its surface regularly, the milling cutter is also cleaned after each work carried out. When setting up for the winter, the main units of the equipment are preserved, that is, the fuel and oil are drained, the units are lubricated to protect them from corrosion.

In the next video, you will find an overview of the most budgetary all-wheel drive mini-tractor DW 404 D.

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Attachments

On the Rusich 184 mini-tractor, you can install the whole range of attachments from Chuvashpiller (single-body or double-body plow, cultivating cutter 1.2 m in size, potato digger, rotary mower, tractor carousel rake, potato digger, pick-cultivator, tedder, model 850, grain or vegetable seeder, multipurpose cart or trailer with a lifting capacity of 350 kg).

In addition to factory attachments, Rusich 184 will work perfectly with other equipment - Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian and foreign manufacturers (Neva, Bomet, Zirka, Belarus, Jarmet, Virax). Only the weight category of equipment is important. Rusich 184 weighs 720 kg. Consider this category when choosing a sample.

All attachments, except for the double-furrow plow and the cutter, must be purchased separately.

About disadvantages

Chinese mini tractors are not without their drawbacks. Regardless of the manufacturer, these machines have weak electrical components. Contacts and wires can melt, therefore it is recommended to replace all peripheral wiring as soon as possible after purchasing the equipment.

The disadvantage is the small selection of attachments for working with grain crops. Most of the auxiliary implements of this profile are specialized for rice harvesting. Therefore, equipment for cereals has to be ordered from manufacturers or distributors.

Another disadvantage is the low seating position and the inconvenience of the seat for the operator. The cab equipment of Chinese tractors is designed for short people. For Russians, they have to change the bracket under the seat and install a more spacious and comfortable one. The steps for lifting into the cab are also not comfortable: they are narrow and made of thin metal.

After the acquisition, a preventive technical inspection of special equipment is carried out and the identified shortcomings are eliminated: bolted connections are tightened, oil seals are changed. For many models, loosening of the structural elements of the steering rod is characteristic. In most cases, this problem is solved by installing VAZ spare parts.

Application area

The all-wheel drive mini-tractor, made by hand, has quite good cross-country characteristics, which makes it possible to perform virtually the same scope of work as shop counterparts, such as Uralets, Kubota, Bulat 120, Yanmar, Belarus 132n, Scout.

Of course, the power of a home-made unit may be somewhat weaker, but at the level of domestic use, this fact is almost imperceptible.

Application area

The main area of ​​application of this do-it-yourself unit is agricultural work. This term covers a fairly wide range, including many related works. In other words, a homemade mini tractor is needed for the following purposes:

• plowing of land holdings for the purpose of their further use;
• cultivation of the soil, as well as getting rid of weeds;
• harrowing the soil;
• sowing operations on treated soil;
• planting and digging potatoes.

In principle, this is the main purpose of the mini tractor, for which it is made. But, its application can be significantly expanded if a special connection for additional equipment, mounted and trailed, is provided in its design.

If everything is done correctly, then your homemade product can additionally perform the following work:

• transportation of various goods (transportation of firewood, construction waste, etc.);
• snow removal in the winter season;
• mowing lawns and lawns, and making hay for livestock.

As we can see, the mini-tractor breaking the classic 4x4 with its own hands can significantly facilitate the life of any rural resident, because with the help of this technique it becomes possible to perform all types of work that are required with competent maintenance of subsidiary farming.

The indispensability of a home-made unit is also due to the fact that a minimum of investments and funds are used in its manufacture, which is very important for rural areas. For more information about the work of an all-wheel drive mini tractor, see the video:

For more information about the work of an all-wheel drive mini tractor, see the video:

Chinese technique

In terms of sales, the leading positions in the domestic market are occupied by Chinese mini tractors. Having got rid of the once-deserved fame of "disposable" technology, they are actively winning the sympathy of users.

In the category of garden and multifunctional mini tractors, Xingtai products are popular. Its model range includes five modifications of diesel engines: 120, 160, 180, 220, 244 (power, respectively, 12, 16, 18, 22 and 24 hp).

At the same time, even the smallest tractor of this company is equipped with a 4-stroke diesel engine, the operation of which does not cause serious complaints. The set of working attachments for Xingtai equipment is quite wide (plow, disc furrow, cultivator, haymaker, potato digger and potato planter, rake and trailer). The buyer is offered both four-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive models.

Xingtai HT-220 - "TOP model" of the Russian market

Easy to operate and design, maintainable and not experiencing a shortage of spare parts, these machines suit most owners. Prices for mini tractors of this company are in the range from 180 to 420 thousand rubles (models with hydraulic valves).

Having established joint ventures, Xingtai manufactures its products under the trademarks Uralets (modifications 160, 180, 220) and Caliber. In terms of performance and prices, they are similar to flagship models assembled in China.

Two other manufacturers from the Middle Kingdom, represented on the Russian market, are the Jinma company - the Bulat and Dongfeng trademarks. They can hardly be called competitors of Xingtai. The similarity of power plants, design solutions and performance allow them to live peacefully and be in demand among land owners.

Jinma JM 244 - the average price of a new car for 2016 is from 430,000 rubles.

More attractive prices can be recorded as an asset of the Xingtai company, which are lower than those of Jinma and Dong Feng by an average of 20-30%. Farmers who intensively operate the Xingtai and Jinma mini tractors claim that these machines work reliably for the first 3-4 years. After that, repairing is very costly due to the strong wear of the units. Therefore, everyone who wants to use the mini tractors of these companies for a longer time should avoid active use in heavy work.

Dongfeng DF 244 - for an additional fee it is completed with a heated cabin

There are fewer complaints about the Dong Feng technique, since a higher price has a positive effect on quality. In conclusion, we note that critics and fans of Chinese technology agree that its quality is reminiscent of a lottery. Someone is lucky with the choice, and someone is tormented by repairs.

Models

Among the offered domestic models of mini-tractors, the Belarus machinery stands out. The following models are worth highlighting from the assortment.

• MTZ-132N. The unit is distinguished by its versatility. It first began to be produced in 1992, but the manufacturer did not stop and constantly modernized the tractor. Today it can be used with a wide range of equipment, as a power unit, a 13-horsepower engine, with a 4x4 drive.
• MTZ-152. A fairly new model that hit the market in 2015. This is a small-sized technique, but with great functionality. The manufacturer has provided a comfortable place for the operator, a Honda engine and the ability to use a lot of additional attachments.

A wide range of motoblocks are supplied from the Ukrainian company "Motor Sich", but in terms of their functionality they are inferior to mini-tractors from other manufacturers, however, modern craftsmen have learned how to upgrade and improve the design for themselves. From foreign mini-tractors, the following models stand out.

• Mitsubishi VT224-1D.It began to be produced in 2015, for a short period of its existence on the market, it has established itself among users due to a simple but durable design, a 22 horsepower diesel engine, respectively, and attractive performance.
• Xingtai XT-244. Found application in various sectors of the economy, and all because such equipment can rightfully be called multifunctional. The design provides for a 24 horsepower engine and an all-wheel drive system of wheels, while the equipment has an attractive cost.
• Uralets-220. Has become known since 2013. The manufacturer tried to make its equipment not only affordable, but also multifunctional. It comes on sale in several modifications, thanks to which the user has the opportunity to choose the most suitable version. The design includes a 22 horsepower motor and a full clutch.

Conclusion

As we can see, there are quite a few ways to make homemade mini tractors (for example, a homemade tractor breaking 4 4 with your own hands). At the same time, you can design them actually "from scratch", welding the necessary structural parts, or remake a walk-behind tractor for these purposes. Fortunately, their design is in many ways similar, which makes it possible.

On the Internet, you can find a fairly large number of not only detailed drawings indicating the markup, but also a video that clearly demonstrates such units in operation.

Having looked at them, you can make sure that the principle of their operation is completely identical to their purchased counterparts, therefore, the independent production of mini tractors is becoming more and more expedient. And no less useful will be the items of additional equipment made by you (for example, a milling cutter for a tractor).

You may be interested in an article about a mini tractor from oki.

We also recommend that you read the article about the sprayer with your own hands.