Ergonomics: how to hang lamps correctly

Lighting zoning in the bedroom

To highlight areas, it is necessary to combine general (diffuse) and local (directional) lighting.

Central zone. The bedroom needs soft and diffused light, intended for general lighting in the dark. Usually a chandelier or ceiling lamp is used as a source. The location is the geometric center of the room. It is also often placed in the center of the space above the bed.

A chandelier with exposed light sources (lamps) and many reflective elements (such as crystal pendants or mirrors) can only irritate the eyes. It is better to opt for a model with fabric lampshades. In small bedrooms, you should not use large chandeliers; it is better to give preference to overhead lamps with a low height.

Bedside area. Bedside light - spot lighting. His task is to comfortably read or work on a laptop in the dark. Lamps in this zone not only perform functional tasks, they are usually not unimportant decorative elements.

Such lamps are table lamps on bedside tables, some pendant lamps, wall lamps (sconces). Sometimes there are options for the headboard with built-in lighting. It is worth taking care of the possibility of directing the light and adjusting the brightness in order not to interfere with the sleeping partner.

Workplace. Many modern bedrooms have a work desk area. Here, a table lamp will be the best option.

Tolomeo from Artemide factory

If in this area there is only a reading chair, then it is best to use a floor lamp or a lamp with a flexible leg.

Mirror. A dressing table can be located in the bedroom, which also needs proper lighting. Designers advise using the following instrument cluster: a central diffuser lamp above the mirror plus a lamp on each side.

Various interior elements require separate lighting: wardrobes, ceiling contours, niches, podiums, paintings, sculptures. The widest possibilities for the designer's imagination are opened by suspended ceilings.

Lighting design is not just harmoniously selected and beautiful lamps, but a whole area of ​​design, where they study the interaction of light and space, the effect of color and light on the psychological and physical state of a person, his mood and emotions. The right approach is needed to the issue of rest. Knowing the basics of organizing lighting in the bedroom, you can easily formulate your task for specialists in the lighting salon.

Luminaire options

Lamps in lighting devices are chosen depending on the intended use. Correctly selected light helps to optimize the lighting of the room, improve its interior, while not increasing energy consumption.

Today there are several types of lamps, differing in the nature of light, technical features and options for use.

Incandescent lamps

Incandescent lamps are the oldest light sources. They represent a glass flask of various shapes with an incandescent element inside. Light is generated by heating a metal filament with an electric current. Incandescent lamps are affordable, do not require regulating devices, are not sensitive to power outages and are not toxic to humans.

Luminescent

Lamps of this type contain mercury vapor, under the action of an electric discharge in which ultraviolet radiation is generated.Such light sources are quite common, have a wide range, power and the ability to connect without starting devices.

They have one significant drawback - the toxicity of the filler. Require correct disposal after expiration date.

LEDs

Lighting sources have appeared relatively recently, but have proven themselves from the best side. LED bulbs are safe and do not emit harmful vapors. Reduces energy costs by more than 2 times, while spreading uniform illumination, without stains and streaks.

Energy saving

They are 5 times ahead of an incandescent lamp in terms of light output, which significantly saves electricity in the house. They are available in different sizes and shapes and fit a standard plinth. The service life of an energy-saving lamp is considered to be the advantage. The device does not contain a tungsten filament that can burn out. The glow arises due to ionization by the current of ions of the gas with which the flask is filled.

Neon

Neon lamps are durable enough. Gives good, bright light without heating up. Can be of any shape. They are quiet in operation and have the ability to control brightness. They have disadvantages - high cost, fragility and toxicity.

Correct organization of lighting in the room

After you have completed the repairs in your room and arranged everything to your liking, now you can think over the lighting.

The bedroom is a place where the owners of the house can rest and relax, so it is very important to do everything possible so that the lighting can be gentle and conducive to relaxation, and at the right moments - bright. When organizing light with a sconce above the bed, as in the photo, it is important to think over everything in advance.

When organizing light with a sconce above the bed, as in the photo, it is important to think over everything in advance.

Lighting should not visually focus on the flaws of the room - on the contrary, its task is different: to emphasize the advantages.

If your room is small, you should make sure that the wallpaper has a glossy surface: this decor technique is necessary so that the light reflects off the surface of the walls and creates the impression of a more spacious room.

As a source of additional light, a sconce is great, but in whatever room you decide to hang it: in a large or in a small one, it is important that you install it correctly. A photo of the successful location of the lamp can be seen below.

Important! For those who are the lucky owners of high ceilings, the height of the sconce above the bed is not as important as for those who live in a Khrushchev or a small small apartment.

Remember to have soft light in the bedroom.

It is also very important that the entire room is evenly lit.

If you are installing a sconce over a bed in the far corner of the room, make sure that there is a floor lamp, a table lamp, or the ability to turn on the lights above the closet at the other end.

You can install a mirror on the cabinet door from the outside: the reflection will compensate for the lack of light in another part of the room.

Before installing this lamp, it is worth calculating during the repair where the wiring passes through. If you do not do this first, difficulties may arise during the installation in the future.

Advice! Route the cable for installing additional lighting elements to the desired location during finishing work.

It is also worth determining the location of the switch: it should be located at such a distance that a person can easily reach it with his hand, while not getting out of bed. This will create additional comfort.

Height

You can choose the optimal height for placing the TV on the wall in one of two ways. The first is based on the usual viewing comfort, while the second is based on medical advice and manufacturer's advice.

  • You can determine the height level where the bracket mounts will be located if you lie in your favorite position on the bed, close your eyes for a second, and then open them sharply and immediately look at the wall. The point at which your gaze rests will be the middle of the television screen. This means that this is where the main bracket will be located. Choosing this option, it should be understood that parameters such as the distance from the bed to the wall and the dimensions of the diagonal of the screen are not taken into account here. So, choosing this method, you cannot be sure of the safety and comfort of your eyes while watching TV, which is hung in this way.
  • The second method is based on mathematical calculations and advice from doctors. The optimal distance between the eyes and a device with a liquid crystal screen is considered to be its diagonal multiplied by three, and for plasma screens this is the product of the diagonal and the number 4.

New TVs with an LED or 3D panel can have absolutely any screen diagonal size, but a different extension, for example 720 or 1080 units. The mounting height of such TVs is calculated using a special formula:

  1. For TVs with a screen resolution of 720 units, the mounting height is equal to the product of the screen diagonal by a factor of 2.3.
  2. For TVs with an extension of 1080 units, this value is equal to the product of the diagonal by a factor of 1.6.

At what height and where to hang the sconces

At first glance, a simple question deserves a separate consideration. The correct choice of height and place for the sconces not only provides comfortable lighting, but also allows you to visually adjust the perception of the kitchen.

You choose the height at which it is best to place the sconce.

For example, if you want to highlight the dining area as a separate section of the room, you can hang two sconces around its edges, and in the center - a small chandelier or ceiling lamp. Thus, the dining table will be visually delimited from the rest of the kitchen by light fluxes.

Sconce allows you to visually delimit the table

In a room with a complex configuration, sconces can simplify the layout of the ceiling lighting. Place a small lamp in each area of ​​the kitchen. For darkened niches, choose more powerful models.

The sconce allows you to shift the focus to certain areas of the kitchen

You can adjust the low kitchen by completely abandoning the chandelier. In this case, it is better to use small flat-shaped sconces located along the perimeter of the room at an equal pitch. Thus, the room will appear visually taller and more spacious, and comfortable lighting will facilitate your culinary work.

The sconces installed directly above the open shelves look unusual. Firstly, this provides additional scattering of light - it becomes less bright and less tiring for the eyes. Secondly, you get lighting for the shelves and see everything that stands on them.

Sconces over the shelves

In addition, you can install the sconces in those places that you want to visually highlight with lighting - above the bar counter, kitchen corner, sofa. Such a light accent will emphasize the chosen element of the interior, but will not overshadow the rest of the kitchen.

Sconces over the bar
Sconce visually highlights the table

Semi-closed sconces with an upward luminous flux visually raise the ceiling, with a downward one, they lower it. In this way, you can smooth out the imbalance of a kitchen with too low or high walls.

By directing the light flux, you can visually change the height of the kitchen

If we talk about the optimal height, then it is 1.7-2 meters from the floor level. In this case, the light will gently diffuse throughout the kitchen and will not blind you when turned on. In addition, from the point of view of ophthalmologists, it is this height that is considered the most sparing for vision.

If you are installing a wall sconce above the dining area, position it so that it is just above the seated person's head (refer to the tallest family member).In this case, the risk of touching the sconce when sitting down or standing up is minimal.

As for the switches (if you settled on a wall-mounted version), place them there so that it is convenient for everyone to reach them - a switch that is too low or too high is inconvenient.

Ways to connect sconces

Switching on / off wall lights can be organized in different ways. If the position of the sconce is determined even before the end of the repair, hidden wiring is conducted to it. Then the following options are possible:

  • There may be separate switches on each fixture. These are buttons or chains / laces that you pull on to turn the light on or off. Then power is supplied to each luminaire separately.

  • You can make food consistent. In this case, several luminaires will be switched on simultaneously, from one button on the first luminaire in the chain.
  • Power can be supplied from the switch (or its second / third key).

  • You can put switches (pass-through switches), which will make it possible to turn on / off the light from two points (or more). This is convenient, for example, in a long corridor. You enter, turn on the light near the door. You pass along the illuminated corridor, and turn off the lamps at the other end of it. This scheme works from either side. It is also convenient to use this type of power supply in the bedroom - turn on the sconce at the entrance, turn it off while lying in bed.

If the repair has already been completed, but it is necessary to install wall lamps, you will have to look for free sockets. Not all sconces have a power cord, but plugging it in is easy. Buy a cord with a plug (there is a switch, there is - without). You clean the ends, connect them to the leads on the case. In this case, the best way to connect the wires is twisting with soldering, followed by insulation (better - with two pieces of heat shrinkable tubing, but you can also use electrical tape). You can also use terminal blocks (if there is somewhere to hide them).

Everything is important: height relative to floor, ceiling, eye level. And even the dimensions of the furniture in the room

When it comes to lighting a work surface and a lamp with a low suspension, the diameter of the lampshade is important. There should be at least 30.5 cm to the edge of the table from the edge of the lamp.

Advice: Combine the furniture plan and the lighting plan if you are doing the project yourself. Apply the actual dimensions of furniture and lighting fixtures, check if you bump your head against the lamp while lifting from the table.

At what height to place the lamp

1. Dining roomHere the position of the luminaire depends on the purpose of the room. Above the dining table, the distance from the table top to the lamp should be within 71 - 89 cm.

Tip: Pay attention to the size and shape of the table. If it is large, then hang the chandelier higher. For oblong tables or bar counters, you will need several lamps in a row

For optimal lighting, place them no further than 1 m apart

For oblong tables or bar counters, you will need several lamps in a row. For optimal lighting, place them no further than 1 m apart.

2. KitchenAbove the kitchen worktop, you need to stand 180 cm from the floor to the lamp and 71-86 cm from the work surface to the lamp. The distance between the lamp and the top of the head of an adult in the house should be in the range of 46-70 cm.

3... The corridorIn corridors and hallways, lamps are hung so that at least 210 cm remains between the floor and the lamp.

Advice: Check if the lamp interferes with the opening of the cabinet (this happens in the case of built-in furniture: swing doors of the upper tier). Again, the plan of furniture with the trajectory of opening the sash, combined with the lighting plan, will help. The same applies to the entrance area, where a person dresses, that is, he will wave his arms, raise them - check if there is any risk of touching the lamp, the cord of the hanging sconce.

5. BedroomThe standard height of the lamp in the bedroom is 210 cm from the floor. If the lamp is hanging directly over the bed, make sure that if you kneel, the distance from the head to the lamp is at least 152 cm.

Important: In rooms with stretch ceilings, the requirements for the height of the chandelier are special. The web material is sensitive to high temperatures and can deform. It is especially important here to observe the distance between the ceiling and the luminaire.

Overhead models with a closed shade are not recommended at all, as they get very hot. Exceptions are luminaires with LED bulbs. The best option for stretch ceilings in rooms with low ceilings is chandeliers with crystal pendants or with open shades directed in different directions

It is especially important here to observe the distance between the ceiling and the luminaire. Overhead models with a closed shade are not recommended at all, as they get very hot

Exceptions are luminaires with LED bulbs. The best option for stretch ceilings in rooms with low ceilings is chandeliers with crystal pendants or with open shades directed in different directions.

7. Hall with a high ceilingThe optimum height in the hall is 200 - 210 cm from the floor to the chandelier. If the hall is double-height, the chandelier should hang no lower than the second floor mark. If there is a window in the hall at the level of the second floor, the chandelier must be hung in the center of the window so that it can be seen from the outside.

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How to organize lighting

Theodore Van Gehren, a collector and founder of the Erotic Museum in Holland, once said: "Bright light pushes a woman away from love and brings a man closer to love." We have a different opinion: "Darkness is the friend of youth." These two statements cover the principle of the lighting scenario in the bedroom. At a certain moment, it should be light (chandelier), the flow intensity should gradually decrease (lighting, bedside lamps and sconces) and gradually fade away (bedside lamps in the bedroom) until complete darkness.

Modern bedroom interior

Before starting the repair, it is important to plan where and what kind of chandeliers, spotlights, lamps, spotlights, decorative lighting will be located, and in accordance with this, draw a diagram. There are four functional types of lighting in total:

General light in the bedroom is responsible for even filling the entire room.

The general light in the bedroom is responsible for even filling the entire room.

Photo of a ceiling chandelier in the bedroom, balls in frosted glass are ideal

  • Local or local, designed to highlight specific areas.
  • The worker is responsible for the directed flow to the area of ​​the office, mirror, cabinet, table for needlework.

Modern bedside lamps for the bedroom photo a combination of elegant and massive objects

Decorative lighting in the bedroom creates beauty and a special mood, carries an aesthetic load, emphasizes accents.

Original night lamps for the bedroom are a decoration and a magical atmosphere of a fairy tale

When organizing lighting in the bedroom, several rules must be taken into account:

Reflective surfaces in decoration and furniture will visually expand the boundaries of space, which is important for small rooms.
For large rooms, direct flux lamps should be chosen.
Diffused lighting contributes to an optical increase in space.
Wall pendant lamps for the bedroom with an upward flow will help to visually raise the ceiling, so that the ceiling appears below the flow of wall sconces should be directed downward.

Wall lamps for the bedroom, photo idea of ​​how to visually raise the ceiling

  • A narrow bedroom will appear wider if the row of ceiling lamps is shifted to one of the walls, the chandeliers located along the center line, on the contrary, give a narrowing effect.
  • A cramped bedroom will visually expand if a bright diode tape is put on one of the walls.
  • The lateral lighting in the bedroom will help to align the proportions of the elongated room, the longitudinal will stretch the short room.

Hanging chandeliers instead of table lamps

In the bedroom, the play of halftones is important, but it is desirable to avoid glare, it is necessary to correctly distribute the flows from the sconces, chandeliers, floor lamps, illuminated fillets and niches, it is necessary to think over the interaction of all sources. A small chandelier with a soft, diffusing stream directed to the ceiling sounds advantageous in such an environment.

Chandeliers for the bedroom, photo of a classic model

Tip: For more comfort, it is recommended to install remote and touch switches. No need to get up to turn off or turn on the chandelier.

Where to post

It is better to place the luminaires for the closet at eye level or above the head so that the facades do not cast a shadow.

Ceiling spotlights around the cabinet

Lamps with diffused light are suitable for mirrors, they should be placed on both sides, at head height. Lights on top will distort the image. It is better to use two types of lighting here: warm evening and cold daytime.

Competent design of the mirror

How to create an atmosphere

The effect of soft light, different tones and scenarios that are aimed at creating an atmosphere of serenity and relaxation will help create lamps and shades made of translucent, frosted and colored glass, fabric lampshades. The combination of different types of lamps gives the bedroom a special charm.

Original bedside lamps in the bedroom create a mood

What lamps to choose

Incandescent lamps give a dim and harsh light, such are not appropriate in a rest room. Luminescent ones are bad for eyesight and give the impression of a formal establishment. Ideal for the bedroom - halogen sources, plus they are durable and energy saving.

Design work by Francesco Lucchese, sconces above the bed in the bedroom and a floor lamp decorated with Swarovski crystals

We connect the wires

Next, we will distribute the wires. "Phase" should be connected to the "heel" of the cartridge in the luminaire, and "zero" - to the base of the cartridge. The wires in the luminaire are of different colors and in order to figure out what the wire is coming from, you just need to look into the socket.

Connection is also allowed by ordinary twisting, but only if both wires are of the same metal and cross section. In addition, the twist must be soldered and insulated.

We have a single-core copper wire coming out of the wall, and a stranded aluminum wire is used in the sconce, so a high-quality connection can be obtained only when using a terminal clip.

We do the same with the second wire. Now we call the assistant, and if he is not there, then we simply tie up the console for the convenience of further work.

On the back of the device, we connect the wires from the luminaire, stripped of insulation in the same way.

We tighten the screws with effort so that the wires do not spontaneously jump out.

Ceiling lamp in the corridor: features of choice

In the modern variety of ceiling lamps, it is very difficult to find a fixture for the corridor and hallway, which ideally matches the design of the room and distributes the light in the space correctly.

Types of ceiling lamps for the corridor:

  • Directional and diffused light;
  • General and local lighting;
  • Household and decorative light sources;
  • Direct and indirect lighting.

There is a wide variety of ceiling lamps available in different shapes, sizes and prices.

Lamps in the hallway also differ in the type of lamps that are used for appliances.

The ceiling lamp in the hallway should be bright enough to fully illuminate the space. If one fixture is not enough, you need to use two or more fixtures.

Height for sconces in different rooms

Bedroom

For a sleeping area, the optimal height of the ceiling lamp above the bed ranges between 120-160 cm.The difference in these figures is great, and there are a number of reasons for this.

When choosing where to install the lamp in the bedroom, you need to take into account a number of factors:

  1. Headboard height. The luminaire should be located 20-30 cm above the back. However, here we are talking about a standard headboard. Sometimes this part is so high that the lamp cannot be installed even at a height of 160 cm. Proceed as follows: hang the lamp just above the edge of the back, equipping it with a cord. You do not need to hang the lamp above the bed, but mount it directly into the headboard.
  2. Man's height. When choosing the height of the lamp mounting, you need to take into account human height. The switch should be positioned so that you can reach it without getting out of bed.
  3. Lamp type. The placement of the plafond depends on the direction of the light flux. If upward, the plafond is placed lower. If the light is directed downwards, the plafond is set higher than usual.

If there is a dressing table, sconces are often placed above it. The recommended height is the top third of the mirror. In this position, the lighting will be sufficient both in the bed and near the mirror.

Children's room

In the children's room, the location of the lamp is usually chosen in the same way as in the bedroom - above the bed. If the lighting is intended for children's needs, care must be taken that it is not difficult for the child to reach the switch. The optimal distance from the bed to the lighting fixture is 15-20 cm higher than the height of the child, taking into account the outstretched arm.

When choosing a light source for a nursery, you should first of all proceed from safety considerations. The plafond needs a durable, preferably unbreakable.

For older children, the optimal location of the lighting fixture is 60-80 cm above the bed level.

Living room

In the living room, sconces are installed as additional light in the recreation area. There is usually a sofa or armchair nearby. The location of the lamp above the sofa is determined by the height of the seat: you need to reach the switch with your hand without getting up.

Corridor and staircase

In the corridor, the distance between the lighting device and the floor depends on the functional purpose of the lighting. For the illumination of the mirror, a value of 180 cm is taken. In some cases, the optimal solution is 185-190 cm (if family members are especially tall).

Stairs to the second floor are almost always equipped with wall lighting. Several of them are needed for good illumination. However, the main thing is not to overdo it: lamps should not create obstacles when moving. Light bulbs should be positioned slightly above the head. If there is no such opportunity - not below shoulder level.

Kitchen

Whatever the size of the kitchen, they try to zone it into at least two sections - the dining room and the kitchen space. Lighting is a great way to zoning. Two wall lamps are placed next to the dining table, and spotlights are installed above the cooking area.

The acceptable height of the sconce placement is from 70 to 80 cm above the table.

Bathroom

In the bathroom, lighting devices should be located near the mirror. Sconces are installed above the mirror or on the sides. In the first case, the position of the luminaire is determined by the location of the mirror. If the sconces are on the side, they are installed above the middle part of the mirror. Another approach involves taking into account the height of the person: the ideal position is at eye level. In this case, it is advisable to purchase matte shades, since they do not dazzle.

Some design solutions include many small shades on either side of the mirror. In this case, the lighting devices are installed symmetrically.

Balcony

To make a balcony or loggia a place of pleasant pastime, you need to create cozy lighting. The plafond is usually placed above the chair - 100-150 cm from the floor.

Lighting plays a very important role in creating a comfortable environment. Wall lamps are used to create soft, dim light.But at what height should the sconce be hung so that it is convenient, beautiful and safe? This will be discussed further.

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