Methodical recommendations on the selection and use of flushing and neutralizing agents for employees of JSC "Russian Railways"

Taping techniques

Depending on the tasks to be solved, the following aesthetic taping techniques are distinguished:

• - Lymphatic drainage taping of the face and body. Relieves swelling on the eyelids, face, legs, reduces nasolabial folds, forms a sharper contour of the face and body, and reduces cellulite.
• - Corrective taping of the face and figure. It is used to correct wrinkles, tighten the oval, reduce the wings, form correct posture, eliminate withers and cellulite, lose weight, lift breasts, relieve PMS symptoms, and support during pregnancy.
• - Taping for home use. At home, tapes will help with hematomas, bruises.
• - Art-taping - artistic overlay of the tape. Usually tapes with a beautiful pattern are glued to the body. In addition to the main corrective function, a beautiful applique has an aesthetic effect.

Attention! Taping relieves swelling, but does not eliminate the causes of swelling. Systemic diseases that cause swelling, such as thyroid disease, cardiopulmonary disease, and kidney disease, require medical supervision

Important! Before taping, read

How to glue leather to different surfaces

Combining leather with decor from various natural and artificial materials, you can get very interesting and unique handmade products. Massive jewelry looks beautiful and unusual, for example, leather pendants with wooden or plastic beads, as well as panels and other home decor items.

Wood

The easiest way to glue the leather to the wood is with double-sided tape, but this option is more temporary. For durable souvenirs, you can use a thermal gun or nitro-glue.

Plastic

Very often, the problem of how to glue natural or artificial leather on plastic is faced by motorists who want to patch up the interior on their own. Experienced craftsmen advise using aerosol glue or "Moment".

Textile

PVA does a fairly good job of fixing, but if the material is thin and light, stains may appear. Specialty stores sell transparent fabric adhesives that will provide durability and leave no residue.

Some methods

When repairing leather surfaces, you often have to deal with scratches, cuts, and even holes when you have to put a patch. There are several time-tested methods that can help you prolong the life of your favorite item.

Patching out

To fix the product using the “outward patching” method, cut a piece of a material that matches the color and texture of the material slightly larger than the hole to be closed. Glue is applied to the prepared surfaces, the patch is pressed from the outside and placed under the load until completely dry.

Bonding the leather of a jacket with a patch from the inside

If the damage is small, it makes sense to put a patch on the wrong side. In this case, the patch is placed under the gap, and the edges of the torn item are tried to be placed as close to each other as possible so that the defect is invisible. The glue is used according to the instructions.

Break the corner

If you catch a nail with your sleeve, you can get damage in the form of a corner. Such a defect is eliminated by using a patch from the inside. The torn area is glued to the attached patch, the edges of the gap are glued together joint-to-joint.

Tearing off a whole piece

In the event that some of the material is missing, you can restore the thing in different ways: find the most similar patch, mask the defect with applique, replace the whole piece of clothing.If the hem of a long leather coat is damaged, it makes sense to completely shorten it and thus update your wardrobe.

Cut on the jacket

To make the cut on the leather surface invisible, the base is glued under the damaged area, and the edges of the defect are fastened together. At the same time, the glue is conveniently applied with a toothpick. The thing is left under load until the composition is dry.

What glue is right

The choice of glue depends on the characteristics specified by the manufacturer and the price.

Cement based

The adhesive composition includes cement grades M400, M500, M600. Inexpensive funds are used for indoor and outdoor work. Frost resistance depends on additives.

Polyurethane

Polyester based synthetic adhesive. Issued in the form of mastic... The speed of hardening depends on the air temperature. The composition does not interact with aggressive media.

Polyester

Two-component composition for gluing marble, available in three consistencies:

• fluid;
• viscous;
• solid.

The multi-color range allows you to use it for decorating mosaic panels.

Epoxy

The two-component composition has good adhesion properties to concrete, metal, stone, withstands low temperatures. It is used for external and internal coating of structural elements of buildings.

Impregnants

Glues of this type are produced in the form of a gel that penetrates into the pores of the stone, cracks. After hardening, it acquires monolithic properties with a stone, amenable to grinding, polishing. The tool is used for outdoor work due to its resistance to low temperatures and atmospheric influences.

Reliable manufacturers

You should not save on glue, the quality of the repair depends on it. It is recommended to purchase it from reliable manufacturers:

1. "Contact". Domestic manufacturer, adhesives for leather, rubber shoes are produced. The products are good sealants. The glue of the same name does not possess great frost resistance, therefore it is undesirable to use it for winter options.
2. EVA. This is a manufacturer from Taiwan. Manufactures products with water resistance, elasticity, strength, durability. Mainly designed for winter shoes, but not rubber boots.
3. Henkel. Moment is the most famous trademark of this concern in Russia. Glue for shoes of the same name has elasticity, frost resistance, water resistance. There are many varieties. The Moment glue is on sale in packages of different sizes.
4. Kenda. Manufacturer from Italy. Produces adhesives that are successfully applied to all surfaces. The products are resistant to temperature extremes, moisture resistant.
5. Desmokol. An Italian company that has gained popularity due to the high quality and reliability of its products. The compounds produced by it combine various materials, they can seal any crack in the sole of the shoe or the upper part. Can be used as a sealant.

All compositions are flammable, therefore, precautions should be taken during operation and storage.

It is very important to use a mask and protective gloves during the repair process. In order not to inhale harmful vapors, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation of the room.

At this moment, it is better to send the children for a walk.

KendaDesmokolContactHenkelEVA

Additional tips and tricks

When starting to repair a leather product at home, you need to remember a few simple rules:

With the help of glue alone, as a rule, small damage is eliminated; in the case of a large defect in size, it must be sewn up or use an additional patch.
The container with the glue must be closed immediately after taking the required dose of the substance, otherwise the composition will dry out quickly.
If the substance needs to be diluted, take a small amount, which will be sufficient for a single use.
When applying the glue with a brush or roller, it must be cleaned with a solvent after work.
It is imperative to observe safety precautions: if the composition is flammable, it must be applied away from open fire.
Glue from foreign manufacturers can be called differently, so you should carefully study the description.
If the liquid leather or patch is slightly different in color from the main product, after repair, you can correct the shade with spray paint.
When choosing glue in a store, you need to pay attention, including the size of the tube and the presence of an applicator or a sharp tip for ease of application.

If you need to purchase glue for leather, a variety of assortment on store shelves will allow you to choose a substance that is most suitable for a specific material and a specific task.

It is enough to carefully study the instructions, paying attention to the composition and characteristics

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What varieties are suitable

To work with leather goods, you can use a universal glue, in the description of which it is written what is suitable for such a material. But it is better to buy a special composition after all.

Nairite

Outwardly, it resembles a light yellow transparent resin. On the one hand, ease of use is in favor of nairite glue, and on the other hand, a high-quality final result. The substance is used by professional shoemakers to repair shoes.

Desmokolovy

It is a polyurethane adhesive, which is often used instead of nairite, since the substances are considered interchangeable. The advantages of the composition include transparency - after repair, there are no streaks on the product.

Rubber-based

The main constituents of a rubber adhesive are rubber, artificial or natural, and a solvent. The advantages of such a substance will be high elasticity and water-repellent properties.

Universal "Moment"

You can buy a Moment tube at a hardware store, and choose the most convenient packaging. In order for the composition to grab, the surfaces to be glued must be strongly pressed against each other, while there is no need to hold it in this position for a long time.

Silicone

For ease of use, silicone adhesive sealant is sold in packages of different formats: from applicator guns to cylinders with syringes. Long-term storage of the composition, as a rule, is ensured in this way: the dispensing tip is unscrewed and the container is sealed with a screw cap.

Aerosols

Aerosol glue is also called spray glue. An indispensable property of the composition is the ability to apply in a thin layer by spraying. Due to this method of application, the substance dries almost instantly - from 5 minutes to an hour.

SMS glue

CMC or CMC glue is a white powder, which is diluted with water in the specified proportion before use. Usually, when working with leather, craftsmen use this composition to polish the cut of the product.

"Moment Crystal"

The colorless composition will not leave visible marks on things, and the excess can be removed by rolling the dried glue into a ball with your fingers. The substance will not only glue the leather surfaces together, but will also help to connect different materials, for example, the suede upper of the shoe and the rubber sole.

Types of face tapes

For the face, soft tapes on a cotton or silk basis are usually used, with a thin layer of hypoallergenic acrylic glue applied using a special technique that does not interfere with skin breathing.

• - For corrective modeling, the tape is cut into rectangular strips (I-tape) about 1 cm, 2.5 cm, 5 cm wide.
• - For lymphatic drainage taping, a wide rectangular strip of tape is cut into 4-5 narrow long strips, leaving a common base of about 2 cm (lymph tape). The width of the cut strips of lymph tape is from 0.5 to 1.5 cm, depending on the area of ​​application. The common base is called an anchor. The anchor is always glued without tensioning the tape in the neutral position of the muscles.
• - For resorption of hematomas, use ready-made mesh tapes - cross-tapes or make similar applications from narrow strips of ordinary tape.

Rating of the best brands

Brands based on cement, polyester, epoxy resins are in demand.

Unis Granit

Composition: cement, mineral and chemical additives. We recommend for use in temperature conditions not higher than +30 and not lower than +5 degrees. Purpose: fastening large-format slabs of natural and artificial stone on the facades of buildings.

The basis can be:

• concrete;
• gypsum;
• brick;
• cement;
• asphalt.

The pot life of the solution is about 5 hours.

Litokol Litoelastic A + B

Epoxy adhesive belongs to the class of reactive, two-component, which contains resin and hardener. It is used in civil and industrial construction for cladding vertical and horizontal surfaces. Possesses increased strength, frost resistance.

Professional Quick Stone

The adhesive composition is resistant to temperature extremes from - 50 to + 70 degrees, has good adhesion. Purpose: facing of facades with natural stone.

Cement-based adhesive for exterior and interior cladding of floor coverings, stairs, plinths and facades.

Tenax solido quarzo

Polyester adhesive mastic from the Italian manufacturer. White paste that can be tinted with Tenax dyes. Appointment: for facing horizontal surfaces, repair, reconstruction of compositions from natural stone.

Bellinzoni Mastice-2000

Polyester cream mastic from the Italian company Bellinzoni has a wide range of colors, applicable up to a temperature of 0 degrees. Available in a liquid and thick consistency. Purpose: work with natural and artificial stone.

Akepox 1005

Liquid epoxy adhesive. It is used for laying, repairing light natural stones. Resistant to weathering, low temperatures.

Isomat Ak-epoxy Normal

2-component epoxy adhesive, solvent free. They are used for cladding floors and walls, on all types of surfaces, for external and internal work.

Aquapox

The adhesive has an ultra-high fluidity, colorless, based on resins and hardener. Recommended for outdoor pasting with granite or marble. The composition is resistant to aggressive media.

Imprepox

Liquid epoxy adhesive. Manufactured by Bellinzoni. Applications: surface restoration and gluing of all types of natural and artificial stones.

How to use correctly

The next step after choosing an adhesive is the correct application. Initially, you need to do some preliminary preparation. Before applying the glue, the surface must be degreased with alcohol or acetone. Then wipe dry. It should be applied in such a way that one layer is a couple of millimeters. The product may need to be used several times. After a short drying time, the shoe parts are squeezed. In this position, they are left for a day. It is recommended to remove excess composition immediately, since it will be difficult to do this upon final drying. The room where the process takes place should be equipped with ventilation.

There are several ways to glue the sole at home. The choice depends on whether it all came off or just moved away a little. If it has come off in several places, then it would be better to separate it completely, and then follow the usual instructions. Before gluing the sole to a shoe or other footwear, the surface must be cleaned with a sharp spatula from the remnants of old glue. Sandpaper is also suitable for this. A crack in the sole is sealed by putting a nylon or a piece of rubber into it.

There are two ways to glue the sole. The cold technique is simple to perform, it is described above. The hot method requires preheating the surface of the product - it is advisable to use it when the material has increased hardness.

The surface must be degreased with alcohol or acetoneRemove remnants of old glueTo glue the crack in the sole, after putting in a nylon or a piece of rubber

The gluing process

To make the patch less noticeable after repair, and the surface looks neat, adhere to the following recommendations:

Preparatory stage

• Cut the patch to the desired size and shape. The patch should be a few millimeters larger than the hole on each side.
• Trim the edges of the damage with a blade so that there are no notches and irregularities.
• Clean the surface of the patch itself and the main product from dirt. To do this, wipe them thoroughly with a damp cloth several times.
• Degrease your skin using acetone.
• For better grip, sand the sides that will be adjacent to each other with sandpaper.

Methods for bonding leather with a patch outward

• If the damaged area is large, it is better to use a spacer on the wrong side of the product. To do this, cut out a piece similar in size and shape to a patch from a dense material.
• After the preparatory step, apply glue to the surface of the patch, the edges of the main product and the backing. Use a stiff brush to spread it evenly.
• Leave it on for a while for the glue to set. The time for the glue to cure can be different and depends on the type of adhesive component. This information is indicated in the instructions for the adhesives.
• After a thin film forms, repeat the previous step and wait again.
• Next, connect all the elements so that the damaged edges are between the patch and the gasket.
• Place the product on a flat, hard surface. A small weight can be placed on top to prevent waves from forming.

The method of gluing the leather of a jacket with a patch from the inside

The work is carried out from the seamy side. If there is a lining inside, you need to carefully open it.

• Cut out a patch 3–4 mm larger than the gap.
• Clean the edges of cuts and the patch of dirt and degrease with acetone.
• Apply adhesive evenly to the damaged area and patch.
• Wait until it starts to set and repeat the procedure.
• Fit the edges of the gap to each other as tightly as possible. There should be no gaps between them.
• Cover with a patch on the seamy side and press firmly.
• On the front side, apply a small amount of glue between the leather layers and the patch.
• Leave under a press on a flat surface until the glue is completely dry.

Application of liquid skin

For the most delicate repair of products, liquid leather is used. This composition is used for superficial restorations. It is a special paint that has high adhesion. Its non-dense structure allows it to penetrate into the depth of the material and create an elastic and durable adhesion. A wide color range of adhesive paint allows you to choose a shade that is as close as possible to the base material.

For using liquid skin:

• Clean the surface from dirt and degrease.
• Apply adhesive with a stiff brush and spread evenly over the damaged areas.
• If there is a gap, bond the edges tightly and apply liquid leather with a hard sponge on the front side.
• When the composition is dry, repeat the procedure.

Video demonstration of complex facial kinesio taping

A face taping master class for you will be given by Evgeny Litvichenko, a specialist in massage and soft manual techniques.

Where to find quality face tapes

Site users ask the question: Where can I find high-quality face tapes?

For the face, delicate neckline, tummy, soft cotton tapes for sensitive skin with a thin adhesive layer or thin silk tapes are well suited. The color of the tape only affects the mood.

Application for bonding plastics

The food glue designed for decorating pastries and cakes has a property that helps to use it for other purposes. Among the kitchen utensils today, a large place is occupied by plastic utensils.

If your favorite plate, cup, or food container cracks and breaks at the most inopportune moment, you can apply food glue for a quick repair. To do this, it is necessary to dilute the SMS thickener (or carboxymethyl cellulose) in water not in the usual ratio of 1 to 30, but in a more concentrated ratio of 1 to 45. The mixture is thoroughly mixed in a bottle with a lid. Its structure will gradually become homogeneous and usable. If the consistency is too thick, it is worth adding water to the composition.

After being repaired with food-grade glue, plastic dishes can last for a very long time without harming those who use them.

What materials is used for

Latex adhesive can be used on many materials. Most often, a water-based mixture is used in the manufacture of shoes or during repairs.

It is recommended to use glue for these types of materials:

• clay (polymer);
• leather (natural or artificial);
• floor coverings (carpet, linoleum);
• ceramics (dishes, finishing tiles);
• polymer or fabric materials.

When joining parts made of polymer clay, it is recommended to use glue made from natural rubber. For leather goods, a substance based on an artificial active element is more suitable.

Latex adhesive is also recommended for cellulosic materials. Do not use the mixture for metal parts. Polymer components emit a dangerous element for the metal - chlorine, which can provoke the formation of corrosion. The adhesion strength when joining metal structures is also extremely weak, so it is better to use a more suitable glue designed specifically for fixing metal parts.

Adhesive is also often added to cement slurry. This additive increases the elasticity and significantly increases the duration of action. It is recommended to add the adhesive component before using the solution - during long-term storage, the mass will become thick and dense, which will greatly complicate the uniform application.

What do professionals use

Professional shoe glue does not contain impurities and is stored in jars, not small tubes. Often produced by well-known manufacturers. Workers in shoemakers can tell you exactly which shoe glue is good. These include nairite, polyurethane. For minor repairs, vinyl chloride is suitable, but it is not suitable for fastening the sole of a shoe. It is also not used for the repair of winter models.

The brands most used in workshops are Henkel (his Moment adhesives are known in Russia), Kenda Farben SPA, and Rogneda. One of the compositions recommended by specialists is "Nairit-1". For amateur repairs, it is not very suitable because of its viscous composition, and for professional repairs, it is ideal. The product does not contain harmful substances, has an average cost.

HenkelKenda Farben SARNairit-1

General rules of application

Before starting work, you must carefully study the instructions for using the selected glue. To ensure safety when working with toxic compounds, it is better to perform activities outdoors. It is advisable to protect hands with gloves.

Preparation

Before work, you need to prepare the workplace: protect the table surface and, if necessary, the floor. It is easier to prevent the ingress of glue than to remove accidental marks from the decoration of the room later. The thing to be repaired is cleaned and dried, the surface is degreased.

Gluing

In order to stick one leather surface to another, you need to thoroughly grease it or apply the composition to both - it depends on the chosen product. It is better to remove excess immediately. After eliminating the defect, the thing is left to dry for a while, as a rule, it takes a day.

1. Mechanical treatment of hands

The purpose of the household level of hand treatment is mechanical removal from the skin
most of the transient microflora (antiseptics are not used).

A similar treatment of hands is carried out:

· after
going to the toilet;

· front
eating or before handling food;

· front
and after physical contact with the patient;

· at
any contamination of hands.

Necessary equipment:

1. Liquid
dosed neutral soap. It is desirable that the soap does not have a harsh
smell. Open liquid soap quickly becomes infected with microbes, so it is necessary
use closed dispensers, and at the end of the contents process
dispenser, fill only after processing
new content.

2. Napkins
size 15x15 cm disposable, clean for drying hands.
The use of a towel (even an individual one) is not advisable, since it
does not have time to dry out and, moreover, is easily seeded with microbes.

Hand processing - the required sequence of movements:

1. Rub
one palm on the other palm in a reciprocating motion.

2. Right
rub the back of the left hand with the palm, change hands.

3. Connect
fingers of one hand in the interdigital spaces of the other, rub the inner
the surface of the fingers with up and down movements.

4. Connect
fingers in the "lock", rub the palm of your hand with the back of your bent fingers
the other hand.

5. Reach
the base of the left thumb between the thumb and forefinger
fingers of the right hand, rotational friction. Repeat on wrist.
Change hands.

6. Circular
rub the palm of the left hand with the fingertips of the right hand,
change hands.

General rules for the use of adhesives for working with marble and granite

The rules for using adhesives for natural stone differ according to the place of facing. The general rule is to prepare the place of work and material. They are cleaned from dust and dirt. The amount of adhesive should correspond to the area of ​​the stone slabs to be glued.

Outdoor work

Exterior cladding works are performed with cement and epoxy compounds. Both types of glue are prepared just before gluing. Water or latex is added to the dry mixture, and the hardener is added to the epoxy resin in the proportions indicated by the manufacturer.

It is necessary to use the adhesive within the specified period. The adhesive remaining over time loses its properties. You cannot add new portions to it and mix.

Internal work

Internal walls can be concrete, plastered, brick. Before proceeding with gluing, they must be freed from paint, wallpaper. The floors and walls are checked with a level so that the stone slabs do not protrude one above the other.

Review of the best manufacturers

Manufacturers from Germany, Russia, Italy have a high rating in the market of adhesives for marble and granite.

Elastorapid

The Italian company Mapei specializes in the production of construction chemicals. Under the Elastorapid brand, its assortment is sold by distributors in the Russian Federation. One of the products is hard paste adhesives. The main components are silicate sand and latex. The formulations are safe for health and the environment.

Kreps Plus

The largest Russian manufacturer of dry building mixtures. The basis of adhesives for ceramics and stone is cement, river sand, modifiers.

Eunice

The Unis group of companies occupies a leading position in the production of building materials in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries. The range of products is more than 90 items, including adhesives for tiles and natural stone. The basis of the adhesives is high quality cement and modifying additives.

Keraflex

The company was founded in 2004 in the Ryazan region. Specialization - dry mixes, including adhesives for tiles, artificial and natural stone.

Keralastic T

Mapei manufactures universal two-component polyurethane adhesives under the Keralastic and Keralastic T brands. The compositions are used for interior and exterior cladding. Official distributor in Russia - StroyServis.Su.

Ceresit

The German brand Ceresit has been known since the beginning of the 20th century.

In the Russian Federation, the company has opened four factories:

• in Kolomna;
• Chelyabinsk;
• Nevinnomyssk;
• Ulyanovsk.

One of the directions in the company's activity is tile adhesives.The products are certified and are in great demand due to their high quality.

Belfix

Eunice Group of Companies produces adhesives under the Eunice Belfix brand for laying decorative materials on floors and walls. The products are certified in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Criterias of choice

The correct concept for choosing your own shoe glue is to set a specific task. For fixing inside the insole, the usual version of the product is suitable. If the sole has come off, then it would be better to purchase a reinforced composition. A quality product cannot spoil the materials. During the repair process, shoe parts retain their appearance - their deformation is unacceptable. The seams must remain elastic, and the fixation must be of high quality and hold for a long time. The joints after repair with expensive, good composition are frost-resistant, moisture-resistant, elastic, wear-resistant.

Which shoe glue should be used depends on the materials to be joined. Many types are suitable for rubber, leather, fabric, felt, suede, synthetics. But to attach the sole of a boot made of polyurethane, not everyone can do it. If the repair is planned to be done for a short time, then you can purchase an inexpensive tool. In this case, it is recommended to use epoxy adhesive. For long-term wear, it's worth investing in the more expensive option. Famous brands should be preferred. For what purposes one or another shoe glue is used, you can understand by studying the instructions for use or reading the information on the packaging.

The choice depends on the materials to be joinedFamous brands should be preferred

Main components

Food glue differs in that it is created on the basis of natural ingredients that are harmless to the human body. The industrial-made retainer most often includes:

• water;
• citric or acetic acid as a preservative;
• additive E466 - sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, capable of imparting viscosity to the mixture;
• potassium sorbate.

The release form can be of two types - liquid or powder. The first one can be used immediately, powder takes time to prepare. Today there are many recipes from which you can make food glue from common products at home. For this you will need:

• chicken egg whites;
• white or dark chocolate;
• lemon acid;
• flour;
• powdered sugar;
• sugar syrup.

The glue is easy to prepare, it sets quickly, easily tolerates temperature extremes. You should not cook the mass in large quantities, since its consumption is economical.

Magic Colors

Magic Colors food glue is a ready-to-use thick mass. The components that make it up are of plant origin. The liquid has good fluidity and density. The adhesion of the components is strong, so glue is often used to connect mastic elements, marzipan figurines.

The mixture is applied to the glued surfaces, which are connected, and after a while their fastening becomes reliable. Food glue comes in handy if small items have been damaged on the cake. The fix is ​​easy with Magic Colors, just one touch with the brush. The composition will help if the culinary specialist is faced with the task of combining rather massive mastic jewelry.

Rainbow edible glue

The food glue of this brand is based on carboxymethyl cellulose. It is made from caustic soda and cellulose. The substance is tasteless and odorless. It is used to thicken and obtain viscosity. Glue Rainbow edible glue often used by professional pastry chefs to create designer cakes, wedding cakes.

It does not belong to allergenic products, reactions of this type have not been noted. Vegetarians can eat foods using this glue, since there are no components of animal origin in the composition. Rainbow edible glue is manufactured in the UK. You can buy it in plastic containers of 25 or 50 grams.

QFC Essentials Edible Glue

British brand culinary glue has an edible "sugar" composition. It is ideal for making culinary mastic, from which flowers, decorations, and figures are made.Its high adhesive capacity helps to hold heavy dessert decorations. The composition of QFC Essentials sets quickly and is resistant to temperature extremes. Food glue is a colorless, viscous liquid. Packaged in plastic containers of 18 grams.