Give your beloved book a second life

Repair methods

For the base and filler of the elastic antistress toy, different materials are used. Some of them can be sewn, others can be glued, there are some that cannot be repaired.

If the squishy's head starts to fall off, do not throw away the figurine. On the old brush, you need to collect superglue and process the break, press the falling part.

A torn cloth figurine can be neatly sewn up, and then secured with transparent tape, just like a squish from a plastic bag.

The rolls from the connecting harness are restored by coating with superglue. Soft elastic toys in the form of watermelon slices, a dragon with bulging eyes, a cute unicorn, an appetizing donut are made from jelly. They also tear, burn out, restore the figures with the help of scotch tape, PVA, hot glue, which were used in the manufacture, tint with gouache, felt-tip pens.

How to glue a paperback book

In this case, the problem is with paper clips or poor quality glue. Once again, duct tape comes to the rescue. Apply patches where you insert staples and replace old staples with new ones. The most common paper clips will do. Insert them with your hands, piercing the holes in advance with a needle or a thin awl.

If pages fall out of a glued book, it is stitched. To do this, make several holes on the left side with a thin drill and sew the sheets with a thick thread. It is necessary to correctly and in order to collect all the sheets and fold them evenly so that the edges do not stick out. The seam is closed from the outside with a leather or paper spine. You can use a more modern method and insert special rings with clips, which are sold in craft stores, into the holes.

Tips for "curing" books:

• Superglue is suitable for repairing cover corners and cardboard pages.
• Do not cover them with plain transparent tape.
• Use the split scrapbooking rings to “assemble” a paperback book.

A list of useful books for children under 3 years old from Montessori educators will help you choose books according to the age and interests of the child

Spine creation

Let's proceed to the second stage of the master class on how to bind a book with our own hands. Remove the clamps after drying. Move the book again to the edge of the table by 3 centimeters. Clamping the product with a clamp, use a pencil along the spine to mark every 2 cm. Make even cuts at the marks with a depth of at least 1 mm. They should be straight and perpendicular to the spine.

Insert the white rope into the cuts, it should fit very tightly there. This is an equally important step in creating the spine, because the threads will help strengthen the book and prevent it from breaking or falling apart. Coat the spine with the thread with PVA glue, make sure that it flows into the cuts.

While it dries, prepare the material. The piece of gauze should be 1 cm less than the spine, but the width is equal, and add 2 cm on both sides. Prepare a piece of captal.

In addition, you will need a small piece of paper for the spine, which is 7–8 mm smaller than its length.

Thickly coat the edge of the book block with glue, and soak gauze and captals with it. Do not glue the excess edges of the fabric to the sides of the book, they should hang freely. Attach gauze to the spine, top and bottom along a piece of captal, and a piece of paper on top. Press down firmly on both the cheesecloth and the piece of paper, pressing well against the stack. Leave the garment to dry overnight.

Repairing a damaged cover

Cover - the face of a book publication

Initial attention is drawn to it.

It is important to keep the original version, but this is not always possible. If the cover is very damaged, then a new one must be made or replaced with a suitable one.

If there is a book that is not in demand and it is not a pity to remove the cover of a suitable size, then the following points are done:

If the cover is very damaged, then a new one must be made or replaced with a suitable one. If there is a book that is not in demand and it is not a pity to remove the cover of a suitable size, then the following points are done:

• On the restored copy, the damaged cover is carefully removed so as not to damage the main unit; is also done with another book.
• The replacement is cleared of old glue, paper residues.
• The new cover is glued to the block.
• For external design, you can use scanned elements from the old frame, process them in special programs, print in color and stick them on.

If there are no suitable covers, then you need to make the cover yourself.

Often a piece is missing on the face, or deep damage has occurred. For such a repair, deep gaps are filled with paper soaked in glue, spreads evenly into the recess, after drying, for evenness, sandpaper is cleaned. A suitable material is glued on top. If there is no such color, or there should be a picture there, then the front side is scanned, the missing fragment is selected by special programs, and the picture is restored. After printing in color, the desired part is cut out and glued to the cover.

How to glue the cover to a book

If a new cover is made, then the block must be carefully glued into it. The gap should have a rounded shape, this can be done on the edge of the table top.

Stages:

• glue is applied between the gap and the gap (side);
• the nesting part of the block is also coated with glue;
• the block is inserted into the cover;
• if everything is evenly inserted, the book is fixed with a load until it dries.

In order not to stain the copy with protruding glue, sheets of waxed paper or ordinary polyethylene are inserted between the leaves of the endpaper.

Useful video on the topic:

Compound

All that is left for us is to connect the block and the cover. Attach the book to the cover, make sure it is not upside down. Then glue the spine with glue and press it against the block. Lubricate the hanging several centimeters of gauze with glue. Glue it to the cardboard - the cover of the book. When applying, press the parts well together. Then attach the side of the endpaper to the cardboard, thereby covering both the gauze and the side pieces of paper.

Close the book, trace along the spine with a template or a ruler corner to give it sharpness.

Place the book under the press overnight and it will be ready in the morning.

Our master class on how to bind a book at home has been completed. After spending a few days, you can arrange any collection, your own book or a book printed from the Internet, without spending a significant amount in the printing house. We hope you find it useful to know how to bind a book correctly, because using this method you can create many other useful things, for example, albums, sketchbooks or notebooks.

Required material

Before starting to get acquainted with the master class on how to bind a book yourself at home, let's talk about what materials and tools will be useful to us.

First of all, you will need PVA glue for binding, it perfectly joins paper, fabric, and thick cardboard. And also for sewing you will need white threads, fine woolen or iris brands are perfect. If there are none, take a thin white rope.

Heavy gauze or cotton to create a tight, sturdy spine.

Cardboard of any color to reinforce the cover. Choose a very dense material so that it barely bends. It can be difficult to acquire this, but it can be replaced. To do this, glue 2-3 sheets of cardboard together.

For pasting the cover, you can use both colored paper and fabric: choose according to your taste or depending on the design of the book. You can still print the image on lightweight paper.

The spine cap is a small cloth roller. To understand what this is about, look at the spine of a regular hardcover book.You can buy one in craft stores or on the Internet. You can replace the material with a dense canvas. In general, the captal is a decorative detail that covers the ugly spine and the insides of the book, so you can do without it.

How to restore the cover

Book covers often have corners jammed. A good way to restore them is to saturate them with superglue. The corners will become rigid and will not wrinkle. This method is also suitable for children's books made of thick cardboard.

If the cover has fallen into disrepair or has lost some part, turn on your imagination. Make a blank out of thick cardboard. Wrap the blank with paper that matches the color, so that one side of the cardboard is completely covered, and on the other side of the blank, the edges of the sheet are bent by 3-4 centimeters. Decorate to your liking.

You can print an exact copy of the previous cover on a color printer, or take elements of the old one and make an author's collage.

About this article

Co-authors:
WikiHow staff editor

Our experienced team of editors and researchers contributed to this article and reviewed it for accuracy and completeness.

Categories: Books | Needlework

English: Repair a Book's Binding

Italiano: Riparare la Rilegatura di un Libro

Deutsch: Einen Bucheinband reparieren

Português: Reparar a Encadernação de um Livro

Español: reparar la encuadernación de un libro

Français: réparer la reliure d'un livre

Nederlands: De rug van een boek repareren

Bahasa Indonesia: Memperbaiki Jilid Buku

العربية: إصلاح كتاب مفكك

中文: 修复 书籍 的 装订

हिन्दी: बुक की बाइंडिंग को रिपेयर करें (Repair a Book's Binding)

日本語: 本 の 補修

How to glue pages

The first thing that comes to mind when you see a torn page is scotch tape. But you cannot use it for repairs. The glue with which the tape is smeared corrodes the paint, mold and yellow spots form under it, it peels off along with the letters. A special translucent invisible tape for gluing money will do. It is sold in a stationery store and costs around 200 rubles. If you cannot find the tape, use thin strips of tracing paper and PVA.

The second way to fix a torn page is to staple it directly at the break. To do this, lubricate the PVA paper in the torn place, without going beyond the boundaries of the gap, and then align the torn edges as carefully as possible. On both sides of the sheet, along the gap, we apply thin tissue paper (it does not need to be glued), and on top - ordinary paper for printing. Then the book is sent to the press. After 6-12 hours, we remove the paper, and gently smooth the place of the gap. After such a procedure, the defect is almost invisible.

To remove a greasy stain from a book, sprinkle it with talcum powder and iron it through the paper.

Additional tips and tricks

A few tips for those who first took up the restoration:

1. It is better to give valuable old books, rare editions to a restoration workshop. Craftsmen will be able to restore the original appearance of the rarity, extend the life, preserve the price and artistic value of the publication.
2. Do not use adhesive tape for restoration - the packing tape will soon peel off, the sealing will ruin the text.
3. Stationery glue is not suitable for repairing books - glued pages break and become brittle. The glue gradually exfoliates and crumbles along with the sheets.
4. For sewing a book, it is better to take not cotton thread, but threads for knitwear, waxed linen or for stitching.

It is often easier not to glue and repair the book, but to use metal or plastic bindings and rings to hold the pages together. This is how you can restore recipe books and useful tips.

Old books can be prolonged by keeping editions for children and grandchildren. Good books are a pleasant way to spend your leisure time, many pass on valuable tomes from generation to generation. Books remind of old friends who donated the volume, of important events in life. The ability to restore old editions and children's books is useful for everyone who loves to read and has a home library.

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Preparing a book or working with sheets

You can print a book of any size, but the optimal format is A5. After you print the stack (or maybe you want to restore an old edition), it needs to be straightened.To do this, by tapping on the board or desktop from all sides, collect all the sheets in an even pile. Before doing this, be sure to review them carefully so that they are even, beautiful and fully printed.

When the edges become, in your opinion, even, very carefully place the stack on the board so that the future spine protrudes a few millimeters beyond its limits. This makes it easier to apply glue. And also carefully place the second board on top of the pile - the press. Densely grease the protruding edge of the book with glue, possibly in several layers. Let it dry, 2-3 minutes is enough, but it is better to wait 5-7.

There is another way to create a firm and sturdy spine. This method is most often used in typography. It is called a "notebook". However, in this case you will have to do a little more work. Each notebook (a stack of 6 sheets) will have to be stitched manually or on a high-quality sewing machine.

In addition, to keep the book from looking square, you will have to trim the edges, which is almost impossible to do at home.

When the glue is dry, you can move the pack. But nevertheless, carefully remove the top board and slowly slide the spine back onto the table. Clamp the future book between the boards with two clamps. Leave it on for a few hours. Ideally, it takes 12 hours for PVA glue to dry, but you can continue working after 3-4.

It is impossible to clamp the book with clamps without boards, otherwise traces will remain.

The initial gluing of the sheets is necessary in order for the pack to hold more firmly, not to move and it would be more convenient to work with it later. This is an important stage of the master class on how to bind a book at home.

Repair of hardcover books

If a section of pages falls out in a hardcover book, do the following:

• Buy acid-free glue or special binding, these options will help you glue pages without damaging the paper material.
• The dropped section is temporarily removed to the side, only the sequence of pages is previewed.
• The site is opened as wide as possible in the place of repair, glue is applied, distributed with a wooden stick.
• The section is inserted into place, you can make an up and down movement so that the pages are flush with the rest.
• Then the base is closed, a load is placed on top, a day is waited for drying.

Antistress toy care rules

Squishies are adored by children, so it is imperative to monitor the cleanliness of the product. Store-bought figurines can be hand washed with shampoo, rinsed under the tap, and drafted dry. A heavily soiled toy cannot be wrung out, but to absorb water, it is wrapped in a fluffy towel.

Skish made of paper gets wet, loses its attractive appearance and may tear. Foam rubber is not afraid of moisture, but before washing a toy, you need to find out what it is filled with inside.

Most store-bought anti-stress pillows and figurines are filled with non-absorbent polystyrene balls. You do not need to take them out of the toy before washing, but you need to check if there are any holes in the base.

It is better to pour gel into the tray than to pour powder. Do not add bleach. It is advised not to heat water above 40 ° C. The number of revolutions for spinning is set at 400-600. If the squishies are filled with seeds or shells, they are poured out of the cover before washing. The stain on the toy is first rubbed with soap, soaked for half an hour, and then placed in the drum of the machine.

Squishy is dried on the balcony, on the street, but not in the sun, not on the radiator. It is advised to lay out such things horizontally. Proper care of the anti-stress toy and the implementation of the recommendations allow you to keep its original appearance for a long time:

1. After washing, a few drops of sage or lavender essential oil are applied to the product, which gives the figurine or pillow a pleasant scent.
2. It is advisable to wash the squishy every 2 months.
3. To prevent the toy from losing its rich color, add ammonia at least once during washing.

The filler can be changed; such material is also sold in stores. It is advisable to carefully read the labels on toys, where it is written how to wash them - in a machine or by hand.

If the squish is hard

Elastic figures are nice to wrinkle and squeeze. Even when you just hold a toy in your hands, the bad mood goes away, the anxiety disappears. But over time, the squish loses its elasticity, becomes hard.

There are several ways to soften the product:

1. The figurine is placed on a saucer or plate, sent to the microwave oven for 5-10 seconds.
2. Treat with a fat cream or ointment.
3. They are immersed in warm water.

How to clean

It happens that a toy you like and bought in a store sticks to your hands, which certainly does not soothe, but annoys. To prevent the squish from sticking to your fingers, use a brush to pick up starch, baby powder or talcum powder and process the toy.

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Preparation for restoration

Restoring books requires skills and certain knowledge that will help not to spoil the thing completely, to prolong the life of your favorite edition. Masters advise, in the absence of experience, to practice on brochures that are of no value, to gain dexterity and develop skills.

1. You will need a knife with a sharp, stiff, short blade that will not bend when pressed. It is not recommended to use scissors for trimming pages - the cut will not work even and smooth. For a large amount of work, you can purchase a special bookbinding knife.
2. Scissors.
3. Natural glue - made from flour, PVA.
4. Metal ruler, triangle.
5. Press for squeezing and fixing glued elements or several heavy books.
6. Binding tape or gauze, paper to bind torn pages.

Before starting the restoration, you need to assess what materials will be required to restore the integrity of the book. It is necessary to prepare a free space on the table where the work will take place, and then the glued folio will lie under the press until it dries completely.

Stages of repairing books with your own hands at home

Before starting the restoration of books, a workplace is prepared. It should be smooth and clean. If it is not possible to allocate space on the table, then the work can be carried out on a sheet of plywood or large cardboard.

Repair stages:

• Inspection of the material for defects, preliminary determine the sequence of actions, if a major overhaul or binding of the publication is required, then prepare for the laborious process.
• The stitched notebooks are separated from the spine.
• The notebooks unfold, the root fold is straightened.
• The frayed elements of the page should be sealed with tissue paper.
• The sewing of notebooks is carried out: notebook blocks are formed; the needle is threaded through the fold; notebooks are tied into a block.
• Blocks of notebooks are aligned, while, if found, stains, rust, and other contaminants are removed.
• The cleaned, formed blocks are glued: exactly notebooks are laid out between the cardboard blocks, a load is placed on the upper cardboard block, PVA glue is evenly applied with a brush to the side of the spine.
• Trimming the front of notebooks is done to align and give a neat look to the book: a wooden bar is installed on the trimmed front (retreating the required distance for trimming), using a jamb knife, trimming is performed, alignment of the edges of the pages.
• Rounding the spine with a mallet: the block is laid on a plane so that there are no deflections, the left hand presses the block tightly, the right hand is lightly tapping on the upper part of the spine; after rounding on one side, the block turns over, the procedure is repeated for the second.
• Sticking gauze material to strengthen the spine and installing captals: the gauze is starchy, glued along the entire length of the spine, captals are installed from the bottom and top parts (strips are made of colored paper, a thin cord is laid along the fold).
• Making a block cover: you will need thick cardboard, binding material - fabric, dermantine, etc.; lagging is cut out of thick paper, sides of the same size are cut out of cardboard, the binding material is pasted over with thin paper; lagging is laid out and glued on the expanded material in the middle, cardboard parts are glued on the sides (after gluing, the edges are folded and glued).
• The block is pasted over with a lid, for this the top of the block is coated with glue, the lid is pressed; this is done from two sides.
• The glued part is installed under the press until it dries completely (up to 15 hours).