How to spray tomatoes
When growing tomatoes gardeners often face problems such as diseases and pests... If you do not pay attention to the plant during the disease, the entire crop may die. It is better to prevent the disease, and not wait until it hits almost ripe fruits.
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Different types of diseases should be treated with different chemical preparations, one universal remedy for all ailments has not yet been invented. Some products are designed to eliminate insect pests, while others are designed to treat an infectious lesion. In each case, one or another drug is used. Consider the most common tomato diseases and processing methods.
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Phytophthora
This disease usually occurs during the rainy season. Affected, the leaves, stems and fruits turn black and over time the plant dies. To prevent this disease, tomatoes are sprayed with a weak solution of copper oxychloride before flowering. For the entire period of growth, the bush is subjected to processing three times. So the plant will gradually be saturated with copper.
Another effective remedy for this disease is the drug Fitosporin. The bush is treated so that the solution gradually flows down the leaves to the root part and nourishes the roots.
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Brown spot
This disease most often affects adult plants that are kept in an enclosed space. The causes of the disease are the high temperature in the room, poor ventilation, high humidity and infected the soil.
You can fight this disease with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or wood ash.
For the best effect, the soil near the roots is also sprinkled with ash. If such treatment turned out to be ineffective, you can use the drug Oxyhom. Two tablets are thoroughly dissolved in 10 liters of water and the tomato bush is sprayed with this solution. The disinfection procedure should be carried out 3 times every 2 weeks. It will be possible to harvest the fruits no earlier than 20-22 days after processing the bush.
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Gray rot
The pathogen mainly affects the wounded surfaces of the plant: broken stems, damaged leaves and bursting fruits. First, old leaves are affected from below, then rot covers parts of the stem and gets to the fruits.
Ripe fruits are affected at the stalk, a small gray spot appears. Growing up, it begins to cover most of the fruit and create wateriness on the surface.
You need to start fighting this disease at the very beginning, removing damaged leaves and fruits. If the process is started, the entire bush is sprayed with Trichodermin solution. In case of mass defeat, drugs from the triazole group are used.
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Tobacco mosaic virus
With such a poetic name, the virus poses a great danger to tomatoes. This is due to the fact that the virus is very tenacious and persists even when dried. It is perfectly preserved on work equipment, seed containers, hoses and does not lose its viability for more than 22 months.
In a damaged plant, leaves and fruits are covered with a variegated mosaic color, sometimes strongly deformed. Sick tomato bushes should be removed without regret.The disease spreads quickly and healthy plants can enter the infected zone. All weeds in the aisles are also removed.
There are no special preparations for combating viral disease; they are sprayed with a solution of potassium permanganate and insecticides.
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Dry Spot (Alternaria)
Dry black spots appear on the leaves of the plant, and then develops on the fruits. Spots are formed at first of a small size, which grow over time and cover the entire leaf or fruit. The disease can destroy up to 40% of the crop.
Deep incorporation of plant waste will help to reduce damage to plants. In the ground, spores of pathogens are suppressed by soil microorganisms. It is imperative to observe the crop rotation of nightshade crops. For prevention, tomato bushes can be sprayed with Quadris. Treatment will protect the plant from damage for 3 weeks. Repeated spraying is carried out with Ridomil and Bravo preparations.
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Fusarium wilting
The pathogen can infect the plant through the seeds. It grows inside the tissues of the plant and grows with it. During the period when the fruits are formed, the plant weakens and the pathogen, becoming more active, causes wilting. Infection can occur in another way - through damage to the roots. In this case, the source of the disease is the soil. Most of the leaves wilt and the plant dies.
In preventive measures, seed treatment is used by warming up before sowing, and Trichodermin is used to disinfect the seedling mixture. During the growing season, spraying with drugs from the benzimidazole group will help to curb the development of the disease.
Nature also has an impact, making its own adjustments. Under unfavorable conditions, plants get sick. Observance of crop rotation and timely processing of tomatoes will help to save most of the harvest.