Maintenance and repair of the cultivator gearbox

Motor-block reducer device

Like any other mechanism of a walk-behind tractor, the reducer of an agricultural unit consists of certain elements. Taking into account the type of the gearbox, its design can be equipped with certain parts. Basically, the gearbox device in detail looks like this:

• Cover and pulley;
• Bearings;
• Input shaft bushings;
• Adjustment and shift lever;
• Fork and shift axis;
• Gear wheel in the intermediate shaft;
• Shaft block;
• Double-row chain;
• Sprocket block;
• Washers and seals;
• Input shaft;
• Right and left axle shafts;
• Double asterisk;
• Clutch;
• Bracket and spring;
• Clutch fork.

How the gearbox of the walk-behind tractor works will be described in more detail by the mechanism diagram below.
Despite the rather complex design of the mechanism, its dismantling and reassembly will not raise questions even for a beginner. This requires:

1. Completely remove the gearbox from the walk-behind tractor;
2. Unscrew the screws and remove the protective covers;
3. Carefully remove the bushing on the input shaft, dismantle the lever and the fork, the switching mechanism;
4. Remove the input shaft and gear from it;
5. Remove the shaft bushings and the chain;
6. Dismantle the shaft block and remove the sprockets from it;
7. Remove the intermediate shaft together with the gears;
8. Remove the clutch, left and right axle shafts.

After completing all the above steps, you get the walk-behind tractor gearbox in disassembly. After repair, the mechanism must be assembled in the reverse order.

The main types of cultivators

Before purchasing any cultivator, you need to understand its types and species diversity (capabilities):

• light - used in the processing of land plots, which are not more than 12 acres in area. Such cultivators are easy to move, as they weigh a little (up to 30 kilograms). Perhaps their most significant drawback is only that they are not able to work the land at great depths (the depth should not be more than 20 cm);
• medium ones - they weigh more (up to 90 kilograms) and can handle a larger plot (up to 50 acres);
• heavy - this type speaks for itself, these are cultivators with a mass exceeding 90 kilograms. Heavy cultivators have one excellent ability, various additional attachments can be attached to them, which increases the technical capabilities of the unit several times.

By the type of built-in engine, cultivators are divided into:

• gasoline - their main plus is reliability during operation, but there is also a minus - this is the cost of buying fuel.
• electrically cultivators are their “strong point” in simplicity and ease of operation. But these units can handle not very large areas and not far from the house, since they are dependent on the source of electricity. The length of the power cord plays an important role in their mobility, and for good operation you need a high-quality electrical network - without power drops.
• battery - the main "trump card" of these types of cultivators, it is mobility and independence from electricity and any type of fuel (after charging, they can work autonomously for a long time).

When choosing a cultivator, always be guided by the area of ​​your plot. For small plots, it is not a bad idea to opt for an electric cultivator, by the way, it performs very well in greenhouses and in flower beds. For a large plot of land, take a gasoline (medium or heavy type), but immediately stock up on funds for its refueling, or you can take a battery (although it loses in power to gasoline).

When buying, be sure to try on the equipment, the handles of the device should be comfortable and made of high-quality material, and their surface should be covered with roughness so that your hands do not slip while driving (especially important in hot weather). All control devices must be visible and understandable to use

The main thing is convenience when working with the equipment and further proper care of garden equipment.

Technical and operational parameters

0,43

0,38
0,30

0,85

0,55
-/-
0,30

0,85

-/- -/- -/-
-/- -/- -/-
0,65

0,88

Loosening depth
m
0,22
0,23
0,2
0,33
-/-
-/-
-/-
-/-
-/-
-/-

The weight
Kg
15
31,5
31
45
-/-
41
45
49
54
64

Modes of movement

reverse

1
-/-
-/-
-/-
-/-

1

Reducing number

reducer

32/1 worm
30/1 belt + chain
- / - worm
- / - belt + chain
- / - belt + worm
- / - belt + worm
- / - belt + chain
- / - belt + chain
- / - belt + chain
- / - belt + chain
Price in e-commerce March 2016
13300
23990
20800
23300
23880
25490
35090
29200
27200
44490

- / - * - the value corresponds to the parameter of the cell previous to the left.

A light cultivator will prepare the soil for planting, distribute fertilizers, cultivate and spud plants on a developed plot of up to 5 acres. The unit of the middle category will provide soil cultivation per hectare.

On virgin and dense soils, it is recommended to use heavy cultivators with a powerful motor, with a cultivated strip width of 80 cm and with a stable loosening depth.

Device

The trimmer gearbox includes 2 shafts - the first is driven by the engine, and the other is used to rotate the cutting blade of the brushcutter or the electric trimmer line. Bevel gears are made as a single unit with the shaft, but there are versions with the installation of a separate part on a spline connection. Models are available with different tooth angles, which depend on the tool layout. There are modifications of gearboxes with worm, planetary or mixed (multistage) gears.

The shafts are mounted on rolling bearings, which are covered with protective washers. Parts ensure lubricant retention and prevent dirt from entering the working paths. The bearings are mounted in an aluminum alloy gear housing. The unit is detachable, consists of 2 symmetrical halves, which are connected with screws. To ensure the tightness of the joint, a separate gasket or sealant is used.

The lower trimmer gear is installed on the tool through the seat. There are several types of joint, differing in shape.

There are modifications of the tool with a square or multi-faceted joint of elements. The transmission of torque is carried out through a spline connection.

Operating tips

To extend the life of the snow thrower gearbox, you should carefully read the advice of experienced craftsmen.

• Always use good quality gear oil for lubrication. If the device is lubricated with semi-synthetic analogs, the mechanism will quickly fail.
• Take ten minute breaks after an hour of snow blower work. This is necessary so that the gearbox does not heat up too much and does not wear out prematurely.
• Flush the knot regularly. Even when filling with high-quality oil, carbon deposits can accumulate on the walls, which interferes with the ideal operation of the mechanism. If you use your snow blower regularly, you should flush it every two weeks.

• Be careful when squeezing the auger drive lever. After all, any push of the lever stretches the drive cable. Therefore, pushing the wire lever should only be used when absolutely necessary.
• Do not allow oil to leak out of the gear housing. Check and replace all oil seals in time.
• Always inspect the snow carefully to ensure that no foreign matter gets inside the snow blower. They can damage the gearbox.

For information on how to replace the gear in the snow blower gearbox, see the video below.

How to check the oil in the gearbox of the walk-behind tractor?

Monitor the amount of oil constantly. Otherwise, neglect of technology will lead to fatal consequences. Fresh oil is poured every 50 hours. Along with this, excessive loads should be avoided, which ultimately lead to the rapid development of mechanisms and components. Let's go directly to changing the oil:

1. We install the equipment on a flat area. We find a probe, 70 cm long.
2. The dipstick is bent and pushed into the hole for filling the oil until it stops, after which we take out the rod.
3. We observe the oil level, which should be at least 25 cm. 2 liters of oil, at least 1.5 liters, are added to the dry gearbox.

How to lubricate the trimmer gear

Lubricate the trimmer gear regularly according to the tool manufacturer's recommendations. In this case, it is recommended to apply an antifriction agent to the drive shaft located in the rod. The lubricant is introduced into the cavity of the gearbox crankcase through a special hole closed with a screw plug. First, you should clean the unit from dirt. When carrying out repairs and replacement of gears or bearings, it is necessary to remove the remnants of the old oil and add a new one.

The types of lubricants for gearboxes are classified according to their consistency:

• liquid or semi-liquid;
• plastic;
• solid.

Also, the characteristics of the grease depend on the base base:

1. Graphite, contains a complex of additives that reduce the risk of scuffing. Has a hard or plastic consistency.
2. Lithium, which additionally reduces corrosion of the elements. Belongs to the category of plastic.
3. Universal, consisting of mineral oil and a complex of additives. Refers to the category of liquid or semi-liquid lubricants.

The most widely used greases are Litol-24, Champion EP-0, Gear Grease Oregon, as well as their counterparts made by other manufacturers. A list of recommended lubricants and their parameters are indicated in the trimmer repair and maintenance instructions.

How often do you encounter problems with the lower trimmer gear? Can you fix the problem yourself?

Problems and solutions

If, during the operation of the device, the summer resident notices an increased noise in the gearbox, it is worth stopping the cultivator immediately:

First you need to establish the cause of this phenomenon. Experts say that the noise in the gearbox is due to a lack of oil. Also, a similar problem can be caused by a mismatch in the quality of the oil used in its brand and purity. For example, if an inexperienced farmer poured old gasoline or fuel of dubious quality into the fuel tank of the unit. In the first case, you just need to add oil to the cultivator gearbox to the optimal level. In the second, change its brand;

Transmission units can also make noise. This is due to poor tightening of the fasteners. Inspect the apparatus carefully and tighten if necessary;

In many cases, the noise is generated by worn gears and bearings. If this is the case, the farmer should be wary of more serious damage. However, problems with the device will not arise if the repair of the cultivator gearbox is carried out in a timely manner. And it consists in dismantling and replacing parts that have become unusable.

If the soil cultivation equipment does not turn on at all, if it is randomly turned off or the speed is changed is accompanied by difficulties, the farmer should think about the following reasons:

Parts that are involved in the process of gear shifting could have worn out. Often, such wear occurs at the ends of the engaging gears, which leads to problems when changing the speed of the machine. In such conditions, it will be necessary to dismantle the cultivator's worm gearbox and straighten the gear teeth by grinding.If the wear is irreversible, these parts of the apparatus must be replaced;

• Shaft splines could be worn, or the shafts could be axially displaced due to wear on the bearings and circlips. To adjust the axial position of the shafts, you will need to install additional circlips. If the wear of the bearings and rings is too strong, they should be replaced;
• The farmer has misadjusted the clutch, which can make it difficult to change gears. This can be due to the inexperience of the operator, who releases the clutch lever in advance when changing gears. In this situation, you will need to adjust the clutch and learn how to properly and timely shift gears.

If the transmission units overheat, it is worth checking the bearings for wear. Also, the cause of such problems can be an insufficient amount of transmission oil in the crankcases, as well as its poor quality. In such conditions, the main measures for the repair of a product for land cultivation will be as follows:

• replacement of worn out bearings;
• Change of oil.

If a cultivator worm gearbox is installed on a land cultivator, and the farmer noticed an oil leak from this unit, then he should check the seals of the bearing units for correct installation.

Let's sum up

The cultivator gearbox is a complex unit that can be worm gear or chain. Its features must be taken into account by the farmer in the process of its exploitation. You need to understand when it is worth changing the oil or using a tool such as lubricating the cultivator gearbox, otherwise breakdowns cannot be avoided. The next video will tell you how to properly repair the cultivator's chain reducer with your own hands.

What are the types of breakdowns?

In most cases, problems in the gearbox of the walk-behind tractor arise due to overloads. Such breakdowns include the bursting of the bushings on the metal chain, which leads to the so-called "slip". Also, owners of walk-behind tractors very often find broken gearshift bushings. In order to avoid such troubles, experienced owners advise to switch gears only during a complete stop of the equipment, in no case on the move. In addition, star breakage is considered a common phenomenon. That is, factory welding is not enough for the star to withstand overload.

It is very simple to "get out" of this annoying situation, you just need to return the star to its original position and grab it by welding with much better quality. Lateral loads lead to wear of the support washer, after which the bushings from the chain are observed to fly off. In addition to the above, it is necessary to periodically check the oil level in the gearbox, as well as replace it.

Installing a homemade or replacement mechanism

• If you plan to use the cultivator as intensively as possible, angular energy converters should be used. But such a device is suitable only if the docking of the transmission and the motor occurs through a chain. Reducing gears (they are also creepers) are installed only in conjunction with air-cooled engines.
• The bodies of homemade apparatus are recommended to be cooked from steel plates. In some cases, the shafts of heavy trucks (like "Ural") are used instead.
• Home-made energy converters are launched in the same way as when using the same type of industrial designs. The first starts should not be carried out at high load.

For information on how to make a reduction gear without turning work, see the video below.

No matter how high-quality the equipment for the cultivation of a summer cottage or a personal plot is, good care is required for it. Otherwise, it can quickly break. Let's talk in this article about how to ensure good care and repair of the cultivator gearbox so that it will serve its owners as long as possible.

What is a reducer?

How to pour oil into the gearbox of a walk-behind tractor

Before pour new oil into the gearbox, you need to drain the old fluid. It is in this way that the oil in the gearbox of the Salute walk-behind tractor is carried out, a video of which can be found on the Internet, as well as other models of walk-behind tractors.

The algorithm of actions, in this case, will be as follows:

• The tiller must be installed on a hill so that the oil can be easily drained from the gearbox.
• There are two plugs on the gearbox - a drain plug, which is located at the bottom of the gearbox, and a plug that closes the oil filling hole. We first unscrew the filler plug, which is located on top of the walk-behind tractor body (at the checkpoint).
• We take a sufficiently capacious container (an old bottle of transmission oil is suitable), after which we substitute it under the drain plug of the gearbox.
• Gently unscrew the drain plug, after which the oil will begin to flow into our container. After waiting for the oil to drain completely, we screw the drain plug back. Then tighten with a spanner wrench of a suitable diameter until it stops.

Oil filling process

• We insert the funnel into the filling hole. Then we take a suitable gear oil in order to fill the gearbox.
• After filling the gearbox to the optimal level, we screw the plug back. This plug is equipped with a special dipstick, and its length is about 10 cm. After we have filled in the oil, we need to check its level. To do this, we twist this plug-probe, after which we unscrew it again and check it.
• If the oil is at the tip of this dipstick, there is no need to top up any more.

As a rule, the oil change procedure needs to be done every 100 hours of operation of the walk-behind tractor... In some cases, this procedure must be performed every 50 hours.

In other words, the frequency of oil change depends on the model of the walk-behind tractor, therefore, all the necessary information is in the accompanying documentation for the walk-behind tractor.

Conclusion

Periodic oil change in the gearbox is extremely important not only because it is recommended by the manufacturer, but also for a variety of other reasons. In particular, during the operation of the walk-behind tractor, foreign metal particles are formed in the oil that is in the gearbox.

They arise from friction and contact between the components of the walk-behind tractor, which gradually crumble, and all this metal crumb gets into the oil. Thus, the oil begins to thicken, which leads to unstable operation of the walk-behind tractor, and in the future, to the failure of the gearbox.

Indeed, it is much more logical to spend an amount within one thousand rubles on the purchase of transmission oil than to spend much more money for expensive repairs or a complete replacement of the gearbox.

Are very popularhomemade trailers for walk-behind tractor that you can make with your own hands.

You may also be interested in the article about the dingo t 150 snowmobile.