Cultivator engine: characteristics and structure of Chinese and American motors. User manual

Nuances of use

Regardless of which motors are put on cultivators in the factory, it is often necessary to increase the speed. This is often done by increasing the spring preload so that it overcomes the force of the device closing the damper.

If the engine is structurally capable of changing the speed, the stretching force of the working spring is adjusted using the throttle cable.

Never use fuels worse than the recommended grades of fuel. Ideally, they should be limited to them. Do not use any engine with fuel caps removed or fallen off.

Also unacceptable:

filling with new fuel before the engine stops;
use of non-certified lubricating oils;
installation of unofficial spare parts;
making changes to the design without agreement with suppliers and manufacturers;
smoking while refueling and other work;
draining fuel in an abnormal manner.

You will learn how to choose a cultivator in the next video.

Lifan engine characteristics

"Lifan" engines for a walk-behind tractor have different technical characteristics, in accordance with which it is worth choosing a specific engine model for a specific walk-behind tractor model. The first and main feature is the conformity of the installation dimensions. It will be very good if you can find a motor that fits your current mountings perfectly. You can choose the model yourself. It is also possible to contact the nearest motor store for professional help.

It is important to remember that if the fasteners do not match, then they will have to be redone on their own.

The next important characteristic is engine power, which is usually measured in terms of horsepower. The most common universal motors for motoblocks have a power of 6.5 horsepower.

This power is usually quite enough for most motoblocks. The engine models are very similar in both installation and maintenance and operation.

Lifan engines for a walk-behind tractor should be selected in accordance with the expected tasks that will be assigned to it. If you only need to dig up a small area once a year, then it is not worth spending money. It will be quite enough to purchase a simple model from the cheapest price segment, although basically the cost of such engines starts from 9 thousand and all engines of this company are considered very cheap compared to other brands.

Specifications

Technical characteristics of Weima walk-behind tractors:

Engine type - gasoline, diesel or electric (220V).
Engine power - 2-14 HP
Engine power - 1.5-10 kW.
ICE type - two-stroke, four-stroke.
Processing width - 50-120 cm.
Working depth - up to 30 cm.
Rotation speed of cutters - 130-300 rpm.
Working speed - 6-7 km / h.
Engine start type - manual, electric starter.
Gearbox - gear and reducer.
The number of transfers, forward / backward - 2-4 / 1-2.

Petrol models

Weim's gasoline walk-behind tractors are designed for soil cultivation in relatively small areas, ranging from 5 to 20 acres of land. One of the features of motoblocks is the ability to easily remove and repair engine parts, the service life of which is large. The duration of operation of the engine itself is affected by the correct adjustment of the valve clearances, which greatly increases the engine resource.

Gasoline motoblocks belonging to the heavy class are capable of cultivating the soil on an area of up to 1 hectare.Thanks to the equipment of this technique with a worm gear, increased loads are not afraid of it. Motoblocks are equipped with a gearbox with 4 forward and 2 reverse speeds.

Diesel models

Diesel walk-behind tractors Weima have reliability, long service life, and efficiency. Designed to work with any type of soil. This type of Weima product technology has an excellent price, performance and quality ratio.

One of the advantages of diesel engines at low revs is a good torque, which allows you to carry out heavy work (plowing the soil, transporting goods). But they also have disadvantages: a high requirement for fuel quality, high cost of repair work.

A feature of a large group of Weim's diesel motoblocks is equipping them with 3 belts, instead of 2, where an additional belt is used to connect any active attachments, performing the function of a drive. Equipped with a wide range of gearboxes, the operator can select the optimum speed setting for the job.

Operation and maintenance manual

The technique is intended for use in areas with a temperate climate. Its operation is not allowed at extremely low and high temperatures, during rain and snowfall.

The first start of the engine must be carried out after first turning the shaft by hand. Then the motor should run at idle speed for 30-40 minutes. After that, you can start running in. It is carried out at an average load for 8-10 hours. It is recommended to use brushes, aerator or cutters, immersing them in the ground for depth up to 10 cm.

When operating a walk-behind tractor, you must follow these rules:

Before going out into the field, conduct an external inspection of the device, check the fuel and oil level.
At the end of work, clean the radiator and the space under the housing from dirt, grass and branches.
When processing the soil on hot days, it is necessary to turn off the engine every hour to cool it for 10-15 minutes.
Operate, transport and store the product in an upright position. Avoid deviations of more than 15 °.

Malfunctions and their elimination

The engine does not start:

out of gasoline - fill the tank;
the spark plug is flooded or broken - drain or replace the product;
the fuel hose is clogged - clean the channel;
the cable is broken - replace the wiring.

Engine stalls at medium and high revs:

the muffler is clogged - remove the part, clean it with a brush or burn out the soot with a gas burner;
poor fuel quality - drain the gasoline, rinse the tank, fill up with high-quality fuel;
overheating of the power plant - turn off the engine, check the oil level, start again;
wear of the piston group - replace the O-ring, check the gasket.

In the event of a breakdown in the transmission and gearbox, the product must be taken to a service center.

Typical engine breakdowns and DIY repair methods

Owners who:

they use the technique incorrectly, allowing prolonged exposure to excessive loads;
change the engine oil irregularly;
do not carry out visual diagnostics of the engine and timely flushing of its components.

In these cases, 2 results are possible: the engine either does not start at all, or it starts and works with noticeable interruptions.

If the motor of the cultivator does not start, then the operator will need to find the exact cause of the breakdown.

There may be several of them:

problems with the ignition system;
lack of fuel in the fuel tank;
open or closed fuel cock;
the throttle valve is open or closed;
lack of fuel supply to the carburetor.

To solve the problem with a complete lack of starting the power unit, you must:

Open the throttle valve if it is fully or partially closed;
Check the intensity of the fuel supply.If the fuel flows out in a thin stream, it means that you will need to check the air valve and the fuel filter. If they are clogged, then they will need to be cleaned, washed with clean gasoline and dried thoroughly;
Check the spark plug. If it is completely dry, then this indicates that there is no fuel supply to the standard cylinder. The most likely cause is the carburetor. To find the cause of the malfunction, you need to dismantle the unit and disassemble it. In this case, it is necessary to act strictly according to the instructions in the operating instructions;
If a thick layer of carbon has formed on the candle, then this indicates an excess of fuel. Drying the cylinder with a previously shut off fuel supply and a dismantled spark plug will help to solve the problem;
If there is no spark, the operator will need to replace the spark plug or re-set the magneto-flywheel clearance.

In any case, the repair of motor cultivators should be carried out strictly according to the instructions in the instructions. This will reduce the risk of errors that the user can make during disassembly and reassembly of subassemblies.

If the motor of the cultivator works with obvious interruptions, then the operator will need:

Inspect the air filter and clean it thoroughly, if necessary;
Completely replace the fuel in the fuel tank using high-quality gasoline from well-known gas stations:
Check the operation of the cultivator's electrical circuit. If malfunctions were found in it, then you need to find and replace faulty parts;
Check the factory clearance between the flywheel and the ignition coil. If necessary, you need to re-set the distance between the elements;
Inspect and clean the muffler from accumulated carbon deposits and tarry deposits. This will make it easier for the recycled gases to escape from the combustion chamber of the engine;
Check carburetor. If it is clogged, then you need to disassemble and rinse it.

Experienced gardeners and agricultural machinery manufacturers advise you to regularly check agricultural units. It is better and cheaper to repair cultivators in the event of minor breakdowns than to ignore minor malfunctions and risk the performance of important working mechanisms.

Possible malfunctions, repair

For Tarpan motor cultivators, ordinary breakdowns are typical, which often appear in models of other manufacturers: problems with starting the engine and its stable operation. In order to avoid malfunctions of the Tarpan motor-cultivator, maintenance should be carried out in a timely manner, the equipment should be used only strictly with its purpose and capabilities.

The reasons that the engine does not start can be knocked down speed settings, various violations in the fuel system. It will not be superfluous to check the gap, the cleanliness of the plug, the serviceability of the carburetor. Due to incorrect operation of the cooling system and a dirty filter, the motor may overheat. The reason for the poor performance of the cultivator at high revs is an excessively dirty air filter.

An extensive dealer network and the presence of representative offices in the regions of Russia and the CIS countries allow you to easily service equipment and purchase the necessary spare parts.

Device

The cultivator Master MK consists of the following parts and mechanisms:

Power point. In various configurations, the product is equipped with Quantum, Honda and Lifan gasoline engines. Motors are single-cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled.
Governing bodies. The motor-cultivator provides for adjustment of the steering wheel in height and width. The boom is finished with anti-vibration pads.
Transmission and chassis. The equipment is equipped with wide pneumatic wheels, dry disc clutch and worm gear. The power take-off shaft rotates at a speed of 540 rpm.
Frame. Designed for fastening parts and mechanisms. Made of corrosion resistant hardened stainless steel.

The zone of rotation of the cutters is covered with plastic pads that protect the worker and those around him from clods of earth and stones.

Attachments

Motoblock Master can be used in combination with the following auxiliary equipment:

plow - serves for raising virgin lands, neglected areas and digging trenches;
hiller - used to create beds and remove weeds;
mower - rotary, finger and segment tools are designed to harvest hay, remove tops and weeds from the field;
potato planter - used for planting tubers;
cutters - are used to loosen the soil, grind weeds and extract large roots from the ground;
potato digger - used for harvesting potatoes;
rotary snow blower - used for cleaning paths and areas;
aerator - designed to pierce the top layer of the soil in order to improve the access of moisture and oxygen to the roots of plants;
adapter - used to facilitate control of the walk-behind tractor;
trailer - used for the carriage of goods weighing up to 300 kg;
brush - designed for sweeping lawns and paths;
lugs and weighting materials - serve to increase cross-country ability on loose and damp soil.

The product can transmit torque to stationary installations - generators, pumps, crushers.

Description

We invite you to take a closer look at the products of the well-known Danish manufacturer Texas, which has been specializing in the production of garden tools and motorcycles for almost 60 years.

Multifunctional Texas cultivators, lawn mowers, wood splitters, sweepers, trimmers, and other highly specialized units have replaced primitive tools such as shovels and hoes.

Mini motor-cultivator TEXAS Muldvarp ES 300

One of these machines is the TEXAS Muldvarp ES 300 electric mini cultivator weighing only 4.6 kg, with which you can efficiently weed row spacings in a short time without loading your back and arms at all.

Device

The classic walk-behind tractor engine is a single-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine.

Engines

The crankshaft of this engine is installed in two ball main bearings and, on one side, has a landing cone for the flywheel, it is also an ignition rotor and a cooling fan, on the other, a tapered or cylindrical fit for a pulley or a clutch.

The friction pair is lubricated by an oil-gripping projection on the lower connecting rod cover; forced oil supply from the pump is not provided.

The cylinder is installed at a slight angle to the horizontal, its cooling jacket is cast in one piece with the crankcase, and a cast-iron sleeve is pressed into it. This solution makes the engine cheaper to manufacture, but makes its repair more difficult, since replacement of the cylinder is not possible.

Lubrication of the cylinder-piston group is carried out by oil splashes created by the connecting rod and the counterweights of the crankshaft during its rotation. First of all, you need to know which oil to pour into the walk-behind tractor, which oil is poured into the gearbox and 4-stroke motor.

For more information about the operation of a single-cylinder engine, see the video:

Depending on the layout of the gas distribution mechanism, the engine can be:

Lower valve (SV) - the camshaft is located in the crankcase and through short pushers directly drives the valves located on the side of the cylinder. The cylinder head in such engines is a simple casting with a specific (cardioid) combustion chamber.
The lower valve arrangement is the oldest used in our time, it is almost a hundred years old. Due to their extreme simplicity, such motors are cheap and reliable, but their main drawback is their low power density.
Also, the incorrect term "side-valve engine" is often used, which appeared as a literal translation of the English side-valve due to ignorance of the term "lower valve" adopted since the 30s of the twentieth century.
Overhead valve (OHV) motors also have a camshaft mounted in the crankcase, but the valves themselves are already in the cylinder head and are driven by long rods through the rocker arms.
Due to the more compact and advantageous shape of the combustion chamber, the overhead valve motors are noticeably more powerful than the lower valve ones, but at the same time they are easy to assemble and configure. This is the most common type of motor in gardening equipment.
Overhead camshafts (OHC) differ in that their camshaft is also transferred to the cylinder head. They are more complicated than OHV engines, and they have a gain in power only at high speeds, which is of little relevance for motoblocks. Nevertheless, some manufacturers, for example - Subaru-Robin, use this scheme as well.

Engines of a relatively large volume (from 200 cm3, as well as diesel ones) have a manual or automatic decompressor as part of the gas distribution mechanism - a device that at low speeds increases the opening time of the exhaust valve, thereby reducing the effort to manually start the engine.