Postia astringent

Popis

Tyromyces houby mají plodnice, které jsou pileate (tedy s čepičkou) na resupinate (crust-like). Plodnice jsou krátkodobá a často většinou bílé, ale obrátil tmavší barvu, když suchý. Barva povrchu pórů je obvykle bílé až krémové, někdy se zelenkavými odlesky. Stejně jako čepice povrchu, to ztmavne, když suchý.

mikroskopické charakteristiky

Hyf systém je buď monomitic (což znamená, že houba obsahuje pouze generativní hyfy, které v tomto případě mají svorky) nebo dimitic, obsahující jak generativní a kosterní hyfy. Tyto spory jsou hladké, tenkostěnné, a hyalinní (průsvitný). Jsou allantoid (dlouho se zaoblenými konci), na vejčitý (vejčitá) a jsou nereaktivní s činidlem Melzera. K dispozici nejsou žádné cystidia v hymenium, i když mohou být cystidioles (sterilní buňky o stejném průměru a tvaru jako nezralé basidium, které vyčnívají nad povrch hymenium).

Tyromyces způsobuje v listnatých nebo jehličnatých stromů. Rod má kosmopolitní distribuci.

Oligoporus bluish-gray (Postia caesia)

• Other names for the mushroom:
• Postia bluish-gray
• Postia bluish-gray
• Postia gray-blue

Other names:

• Oligoporus bluish gray;
• The postia is bluish-gray;
• The post is gray-blue;
• Bjerkandera caesia;
• Boletus caesius;
• Oligoporus caesius;
• Polyporus caesiocoloratus;
• Polyporus ciliatulus;
• Tyromyces caesius;
• Leptoporus caesius;
• Polyporus caesius;
• Polystictus caesius;

External description

The fruiting bodies of the bluish-gray postia consist of a cap and a leg. The stem is very small, sessile, and the fruit body is half-shaped. Oligoporus bluish-gray is characterized by a wide spreading part, fleshy and soft structure.

The top of the hat is white with small bluish spots in the form of spots. If you press hard on the surface of the fruiting body, then the pulp changes its color to a more intense one. In immature mushrooms, the skin is covered with a bristle edging, but as the mushrooms mature, it becomes bare. The pulp of this type of mushroom is very soft, white in color; under the influence of air it becomes blue, greenish or grayish. The taste of the bluish-gray post is insipid, the pulp is characterized by a barely noticeable aroma.

The hymenophore in the fungus is represented by a tubular type, has a grayish, bluish or white color, which becomes more intense and saturated with mechanical action. The pores are characterized by their angularity and large size, and in mature mushrooms they acquire an irregular shape. The tubules of the hymenophore are long, jagged and very uneven edges. Initially, the color of the tubes is whitish, and then it becomes fawn with a bluish tint. If you press on the surface of the tube, then its color changes, darkens to bluish-gray.

The length of the cap in a bluish-gray post varies within 6 cm, and its width is about 3-4 cm. In such mushrooms, the cap often grows sideways with the stem, has a fan-shaped shape, is covered with visible villi on top, fibrous. The color of the mushroom cap is often grayish-blue-green, sometimes lighter along the edges, having yellowish tints.

Season and habitat of the mushroom

You can meet the bluish-gray posture in the summer and autumn months (from July to November), mainly on the stumps of deciduous and coniferous trees, on tree trunks and dead branches. The fungus is found infrequently, mainly in small groups. You can see the bluish-gray posttia on the dying wood of willow, alder, hazel, beech, fir, spruce and larch.

Edibility

There are no toxic and poisonous substances in the fruiting bodies of the bluish-gray Postia, but this type of mushroom is very tough, so many mushroom pickers say that they are inedible.

Similar types and differences from them

In mushroom growing, there are several closely related varieties with bluish-gray posture, differing in ecology and some microscopic features. For example, Postia bluish-gray has a difference in that the fruiting bodies of the fungus do not turn blue when touched. This mushroom can also be confused with alder post. True, the latter differs in the place of growth, and is found mainly on alder wood.

Other information about the mushroom

The first description for the postia bluish-gray was by Heinrich Adolf Schrader. The scientist made it in 1794, in a group with other mushrooms that have a tubular hymenophore. In 1821, another scientist - E.M. Fries transferred the bluish-gray posture to another genus - tubular tree fungi, narrower in structure.And only in 1881, Peter Adolf Carsten transferred the mushrooms of this species to the genus Postia.

Red Book view

Tyromyces kmetii in the Red Data Book of the Nizhny Novgorod Region

Classification: Major groups> Fungi, lichens and fungus-like organisms> Basidiomycota> Agaricomycetes> Polyporales> Polyporaceae> Tyromyces

Legal status

Descriptions

References

1. Karsten, P.A. (1881). "Enumeratio Boletinearum et Polyporearum Fennicarum, systemate novo dispositarum." Revue mycologique toulouse (in Latin). 3 (9): 16–19.
2. ^ Ryvarden, Leif; Melo, Ireneia (2014). Poroid Fungi of Europe... Synopsis Fungorum. 31... Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora. p. 434. ISBN 978-8290724462.
3. Quanten, E. (1997). “The polypores (Polyporaceae s.l.) of Papua New Guinea. A preliminary conspectus ". Opera Botanica Belgica. 11: 1–352.
4. Corner, E.J.H. (1989). Ad Polyporaceas V. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia. 96... p. 159.
5. Ryvarden, Leif (2012). Studies in Neotropical polypores 32. Synopsis Fungorum. 30: 33–43.
6. ^ Christiansen, M.P. (1960). Danish resupinate fungi. Part II. Homobasidiomycetes ". Dansk botanisk Arkiv. 19 (2): 359.
7. Zhao, J. D .; Zhang, X.Q. (1983). "New species of genus Tyromyces from China ". Acta Mycologica Sinica (in Chinese). 2: 18–25.
8. ^ Bitew, A .; Ryvarden, L. (2004). "Two new Tyromyces species from Ethiopia ". Synopsis Fungorum. 18: 80–82.
9. ^ Mata, M .; Ryvarden, L. (2010). Studies in neotropical polypores 27. More new and interesting species from Costa Rica. Synopsis Fungorum. 27: 59–72.
10. Atkinson, G.F. (1908). "Notes on some new species of fungi from the United States." Annales Mycologici. 6: 54–62.
11. Ipulet, P .; Ryvarden, L. (2005). "The genus Tyromyces in tropical Africa ". Synopsis Fungorum. 20: 79–86.
12. ^
13. ^
14. Bondartseva, M.A. (1969). Species novae Polyporacearum. Novosti Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii. 6: 142–146.
15. Corner, E.J.H. (1992). Additional resupinate non-xanthochroic polypores from Brazil and Malesia. Nova Hedwigia. 55: 119–152.
16. Cunningham, G.H. (1965). Polyporaceae of New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Industrial Research. 164: 262.
17. Ryvarden, L .; Hausknecht, A .; Krisai-Greilhuber, I. (2006). "Coltricia grandispora and Tyromyces vitellinus, two new polypores ". Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde. 15: 143–147.

Tiromitses snow-white: photo and description

Tyromyces snow-white is an annual saprophyte mushroom, which belongs to the Polyporovye family. It grows singly or in several copies, which eventually grow together. In official sources, it can be found as Tyromyces chioneus. Other names:

• Boletus cand> What does Tyromyces snow-white look like?

Tyromyces snow-white is distinguished by an unusual structure of the fruiting body, since it consists only of a convex sessile cap of a triangular section. Its size reaches 12 cm in width and does not exceed 8 cm in thickness. The edge is sharp, slightly wavy.

In young specimens, the surface is velvety, but as the fungus matures, it becomes completely naked, and in overripe Tyromyceses, wrinkled skin can be seen. At the initial stage of growth, the fruit body has a whitish tint, later it turns yellow and acquires a brown tint. In addition, clear black dots appear on the surface over time.

On the cut, the flesh is white, fleshy watery. When dry, it becomes dense fibrous, with little physical impact it begins to crumble. In addition, dry snow-white tyromyceus has an unpleasant sweet-sour smell, which is absent in fresh form.

The hymenophore of the snow-white tyromyceus is tubular. The pores are thin-walled, they can be rounded or angularly elongated. Initially, their color is snow-white, but when ripe they become yellowish-beige. Spores are smooth, cylindrical. Their size is 4-5 x 1.5-2 microns.

Tyromyces snow-white contributes to the development of white rot

Where and how it grows

The fruiting period of snow-white tyromyceus begins at the end of summer and lasts until late autumn. This fungus can be found on dead wood of deciduous trees, mainly on dry wood. Most often it is found on birch trunks, less often on pine and fir.

Tyromyces snow-white is widespread in the boreal zone of Europe, Asia, and also North America. In Russia, it is found from the west of the European part to the Far East.

Is the mushroom edible or not

White Tyromyces is considered inedible. It is strictly forbidden to eat it, both fresh and processed.

Doubles and their differences

By its external features, snow-white tyromyces can be confused with other mushrooms. Therefore, in order to be able to distinguish twins, you need to know their characteristic features.

The post is knitting. This twin is a member of the Fomitopsis family and is found everywhere. Its peculiarity is that young specimens are able to secrete drops of liquid, giving the impression that the mushroom is "crying". The twin is also an annual, but its fruit body is much larger and can reach 20 cm in diameter. The color of the post astringent is milky white. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, and tastes bitter. The mushroom is considered inedible. The fruiting period begins in July and lasts until the end of October. The official name is Postia stiptica.

Postia astringent grows mainly on the trunks of coniferous trees

Fissile aurantiporus. This twin is a close relative of snow-white tyromyceus and also belongs to the Polyporovye family. The fruit body is large, its width can be 20 cm. The mushroom has an outstretched shape in the form of a hoof. Its color is white with a pink tint. This species is considered inedible. Splitting aurantiporus grows on deciduous trees, mainly birches and aspens, and sometimes on apple trees. The official name is Aurantiporus fissilis.

Splitting aurantiporus has a very juicy white flesh

Conclusion

Snow-white Tyromyces belongs to the category of woody inedible mushrooms, so it is not popular with lovers of quiet hunting. But for mycologists it is of interest, since its properties have not been fully studied. Therefore, research continues on the medicinal properties of the mushroom.

Açıklama

Tyromyces mantar sahip meyve gövdeleri (a, yani pileate olan kapak resupinate (to) kabuk benzeri). Meyve organları çoğunlukla beyaz çoğunlukla kısa ömürlü ve fakat kuru olduğunda daha koyu bir renk dönüm. Gözenek yüzeyinin rengi bazen yeşilimsi tinges ile, krem ​​genellikle beyazdır. Kap yüzeyine gibi, kuruyken kararır.

Mikroskopik özellikler

Hipal sistemi ya monomitic (mantar anlamına sadece üretici bu durumda var hif içerir kelepçeler üretken ve iskelet hem hif ihtiva eden ya da dimitic). Sporlar, düz, ince duvarlı ve vardır hiyalin (yarı saydam). Bunlar (yumurta-şeklinde) veya oval (uzun uçları yuvarlak) allantoid ve olmayan reaktif olan MELZER reaktifi. Hiçbir vardır cystidia içinde hymenium cystidioles (olgunlaşmamış yaklaşık aynı çapta ve şekil steril hücreler olabilir, ancak basidium hymenium yüzeyinin ötesine çıkıntı).

Tyromyces bir neden, yaprak döken veya iğne yapraklı ağaçlarda. Cins bir sahiptir kozmopolit dağılımı.

Description

Tyromyces fungi have fruit bodies that are pileate (i.e., with a cap) to resupinate (crust-like). Fruit bodies are short-lived, and often mostly white, but turning a darker color when dry. The color of the pore surface is usually white to cream, sometime with greenish tinges. Like the cap surface, it darkens when dry.

Microscopic characteristics

The hyphal system is either monomitic (meaning the fungus contains only generative hyphae, which in this case have clamps) or dimitic, containing both generative and skeletal hyphae. The spores are smooth, thin-walled, and hyaline (translucent). They are allantoid (long with rounded ends) to ovoid (egg-shaped), and are non-reactive with Melzer’s reagent. There are no cystidia in the hymenium, although there may be cystidioles (sterile cells of about the same diameter and shape as an immature basidium that protrude beyond the surface of the hymenium).

Tyromyces are fungi with a cosmopolitan distribution.