Skeletokutis delicate

No. 3 [Bulletin of Tver State University. Series: Biology and Ecology, 2011]

He publishes original articles on topics of interest to a wide range of biologists, in the sections "Physiology", "Physiology of Labor", "Biochemistry", "Zoology", "Botany", "Biodiversity and Nature Conservation", "Interdisciplinary Research" (in the field of biology and biological education). It is possible to publish information in the sections "Anniversaries and Dates", "Loss of Science", "Chronicle".
By the decision of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission, it is included in the List of Russian peer-reviewed scientific journals in the 2010 edition, in which the main scientific results of dissertations for the degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences are to be published.

** Skeletocutis amorpha (Fr.: Fr.) <…> * Skeletocutis biguttulata (Romell) Niemelä - 1: on dead pine trunks in blueberry pine forest; LE 284023 <…> * Skeletocutis kuehneri A. David - 2: spruce trees on a dead trunk in a spruce forest with grass aspen; LE 284007. <…> * Skeletocutis odora (Sacc.) Ginns - 1: on a dead spruce trunk in a blueberry spruce forest; LE 283991. <…> ** Skeletocutis stellae (Pilát) Domański - 1: spruce on a dead trunk in a blueberry spruce forest; LE 283990.

Preview: Bulletin of Tver State University. Series Biology and Ecology No. 3 2011.pdf (0.8 Mb)

No.2 [Biosphere, 2015]

The journal Biosphere is published by the Foundation for Scientific Research "XXI Century" (St. Petersburg) on ​​the initiative of prof. E.I. Slepyan since October 2009
The BIOSPHERE journal is intended for the publication of scientific research data and for a comprehensive review, analysis and discussion of global ecology issues related to such processes and problems as:

- the emergence and evolution of the biosphere;

- the actual state of the biosphere;

- natural and anthropogenic changes and trends in abiotic and biotic components of the biosphere and in the biosphere as a whole;

- conditions and possibilities for the improvement and preservation of individual ecological systems and the biosphere as such;

- global and local general social explosions that have the potential of globalization - demographic, urban, informational, migration, communication, consumer, transport, energy and other explosions that can cause disruptions and transformations in the biosphere;

- scientific, technical and technological proposals for the restoration of disturbances in the biosphere and for minimizing environmental risk, including those caused by scientific, technical and technological innovations, the progress of civilization as a whole, political decisions, processes taking place in society, etc .;

- political, philosophical and historical aspects of these issues.

Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus leporinus, Phellinus weirii, Pycnoporellus fulgens, Rigidoporus crocatus, Skeletocutis

Preview: Biosphere # 2 2015.pdf (1,3 Mb)

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Skeletokutis delicate

Skeletocutis lenis (P. Karst.) Niemela
(Basidiomycota. Coriolaceae)

Status. 3 (R). Rare view. 

Short description. Mushroom with annual, outstretched fruiting bodies, at first small, rounded, later merging and reaching 30 cm long., 15 cm wide., 4 mm thick in the center. In a living state, the fruiting bodies grow tightly to the substrate, soft-skinned, when dry they lag behind along the edge. The sterile margin is narrow, thin, delicately cobweb, and soon disappears. The litter is thin, 0.1-1 mm thick, white. Tubules 1-3 mm long., Occasionally 2-layer. The surface of the hymenophore is white, creamy, velvety to the touch, becomes slightly brownish with age. The pores are thin-walled, rounded or angular, slightly sinuous with age, 4-7 per 1 mm. Spores (2.5) 3-5 x 1-1.5 (2) microns. Hyphalic system Dimitichsskaya, buckles are available.

Spreading. Found in env. t. Vyborg (Vyborgsky district) (I), in the env. the village of Porkhovo (Kingiseppsky district), near the lake. Orenzhenskoe (2) and lake. Ulozero (Podporozhsky district) (3), in the env. pos. Krasnoborskiy (Boksitogorskiy district) (4), as well as in St. Petersburg (5). In Russia, it is also known from the European part, Siberia and the Far East. It is found on all continents except Antarctica (6-9).

Ecology and biology. Found on fallen pines in pine forests.

Limiting factors. It is confined to moderately moist old coniferous forests, the area of ​​which is rapidly decreasing in the region.

Security measures. It is necessary to control the state of populations and search for new locations with a stable presence of the species.

Sources of information: 1. Thesleff, 1920: 2. Konstantinov et al. 1999: 3. Aksenova et al., 2000: 4. Zhuravlev. Poluzkgov. 1998: 5. Bondartseva et al., 1999: 6. Bondartseva, 1998; 7. Ryvarden. Gilberlson. 1994: 8. Gilbertson. Ryvarden. 1987: 9. Bondartsev. 1953. M. A. Bondartseva

Status. 3 (R). Rare.

Description. Fungus with annual, effused fruit bodies, al first small, circle, later confluent and reaching 30 cm long. 15 cm wide and 4 mm thick in the center. Living fruit bodies closely adnate to substrate, soft-coriaceous, with detaching margin on drying. Sterile margin narrow, thin, finely arachnoid, soon evanescent. Subiculum thin, 0.1-1 mm thick, white. Tubes 1 3 mm long, occasionally of 2 layers. Hymenophore surface white, cream, velvety by touch, later becoming a little brownish. Pores thinwalled, circle or angular, later slightly sinuous, 4-7 in I mm. Spores (2.5) 3 5 x 1 1.5 (2) pm. Hyphal system dimitic. clamps present.

Distribution. In the Leningrad region found in the vicinities of Vyborg (Yiipuri) (Vyborg district) (1), Porkhovo (Kingisepp district), near Lake Orenzhenskoye (2) and Lake Ulozero (3) (Podporozhye district), in the vicinity of Krasnoborsky ( Boksitogorsk district) (4). also in St. Petersburg (5). In Russia also known from the European pan, Siberia and the Far East (6). Occurs on all continents, excepting Antarctica (6-9).

Ecology and biology. Found on fallen trunks of pine in pine forests.

Limiting factors. Restricted to moderately moist old-growth coniferous forests, which rapidly decrease in the region.

Conservation measures. Monitoring of the populations and a search for new localities with sustainable presence of the species required.

Sources of information: I Thesleff, 1920: 2. Konstantinov et al., 1999; 3. Aksenova et al. 2000: 4. Zhuravlev. Poluektov. 1998; 5. Bondartseva et al. 1999: 6. Bondartseva. 1998: 3, Ryvarden, Gilbertson. 1994; 8. Gilbertson. Ryvarden. 1987; 9. Bondartsev. 1953 M. A. Boiuhirlsevii

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Ecology, habitat, and distribution

Skeletocutis causes a in a diverse array of woody substrates. Although the majority of species are found various growing on the dead wood of conifer and hardwood genera, some are known to grow on the dead fruit bodies of other polypores. For example, S. brevispora feeds on Phellinidium ferrugineofuscum, while S. chrysella eats Phellinus chrysoloma... The tropical Chinese species S. bambusicola grows on dead bamboo.S. percandida has been reported growing on exotic bamboos cultivated in France. In the Daxing'anling forest areas of northeastern China, S. ochroalba has been found growing on charred wood after forest fires, and may be a pioneer species for this substrate.

In the southern part of the Russian Far East, S. odora is common in aspen forests. It is often found fruiting in association with other fungi, including Fomitopsis rosea, Crustoderma dryinum, Leptoporus mollis, and Phlebia centrifuga.S. odora favors large logs more than 30-50 cm (12-20 in) in diameter. This species is part of the community of fungal successors of decaying wood. A Finnish study found that it fruited most frequently in the third stage (medium decay) of wood decomposition of Norway spruce (Picea abies). In this stage, which occurs about 20–40 years after the death of the plant, the decay penetrates more than 3 cm (1.2 in) into the wood, while the core is still hard.S. carneogrisea and S. kuehneri are successor species that grow on the dead fruit bodies of the polypores Trichaptum abietinum and T. fuscoviolaceum.

Skeletocutis has a cosmopolitan distribution, although most species are found in the Northern Hemisphere. Leif Ryvarden considered 22 species to occur in Europe in his 2014 work Poroid Fungi of Europe... Viacheslav Spirin reported 13 species in Russia in 2005. Twenty-two species have been recorded in China.

Enkianthus care

According to the requirements for soils, the campanulate enkianthus is close to other oriental beauties - rhododendrons. It grows only on acidic or at least slightly acidic soils, while the soil at the planting site should also be fertile, moist and moisture-permeable. But the encianthus is less demanding for lighting. That is, he can "settle" in the bright sun, and in the cool partial shade.

Enkianthus are demanding on soil moisture, so they should be watered irregularly, and if necessary. At the same time, it is necessary to control the moisture content of the soil and prevent it from completely drying out or excessive moisture. In particular, the soil should always remain slightly damp. Enkianthus growing in the bright sun must be additionally sprayed and watered regularly. Enkianthus is fed in the spring by applying a special fertilizer for rhododendrons along with compost directly into the soil. Due to the superficial root system, loosening of the soil cannot be carried out.

Other rules for care

Enkianthus by nature have a loose, light, non-massive crown and it is absolutely impossible to cut them off. Those shrubs that have undergone formative pruning at least once lose the decorative effect of flowering. In particular, it becomes scarce and short-lived. Shelter for the winter should be made complete. That is, it is necessary to mulch the soil, bend the shoots, cover with spruce branches and a dry leaf, and on top with non-woven material and snow.

Enkianthus seedlings are planted in the spring, digging a shallow planting hole according to the size of the roots. In order to avoid stagnation of water, additional drainage is laid, and an equal share of sand must be added to the garden soil. To increase the acidity, it is advisable to add coniferous compost to the soil. After planting, the soil should be mulched not with peat or dry sawdust, but only with crushed bark. Mulching is renewed several times per season, necessarily in spring and summer. In autumn, a layer of compost is added to the usual mulching.Under no circumstances should a lawn or ground cover be planted under the encianthus, the trunk circle should always remain unfilled and mulched.

Enkianthus is propagated only by half-woody cuttings, while they can be rooted in late summer or early autumn.

In landscape design, enkianthus is used mainly as a spectacular autumn plant. It comes to the fore only at the end of the gardening season. But its amazing bloom will be a decoration of any garden. In fact, thanks to its unique decorative qualities, the encianthus retains its beauty throughout the season.

It can be planted in open ground and covered for the winter. It can also be grown as a tub crop, which is a houseplant from late autumn to April. Enkianthus is planted both as a tapeworm and in hedges. But they grow in groups quite rarely: it is impossible to appreciate the elegance and unique "lightness" of the amazing Japanese shrub. It goes well only with other "Japanese" plants - bamboo, rhododendrons, scumpia.

Calicant care

The shrub is unpretentious and requires minimal maintenance. Adult specimens can tolerate short-term drought, but young seedlings are sensitive to drying out of the soil. Regardless of the age of the plantings, watering during the heat period is increased.

Calycanthus chinensis

The chalice flower is characterized by good winter hardiness - adult plants can tolerate temperatures as low as -20-25 ° C, but severe frosts can seriously damage young shoots.

However, in the next 2-3 years after planting, young seedlings are recommended to be insulated with non-woven material for the winter, and a high layer of mulch or earth should be sprinkled at the roots. In the case of freezing of the above-ground parts, the shrub recovers well, replenishing the loss of shoots within 2-3 seasons.

Typically, Calicanthus responds well to pruning. To shape the plant and prevent overgrowth, prune it immediately after flowering.

In the spring, sanitary pruning is carried out - the weakest, damaged and dried shoots are removed, the thickened bush is thinned out so that there is access to air and light. Over time, shoots form near the calyx, which must also be periodically removed.

Insects rarely attack shrubs, as they are repelled by the essential oils contained in leaves, shoots and flowers. Of the diseases, powdery mildew can be noted, which develops in wet weather due to poor air circulation around the plant.

Calicant propagation by seeds

The plant reproduces in several ways. The simplest method is to sow seeds, which are harvested when the fruit begins to dry out. If you have harvested a green crop when the seed pods are fully developed, but before they have dried on the plant, you can plant them right away and expect to germinate after 3-4 weeks.

Hybrid of Chinese and flowering Calicantha Venus

If you wait until the pods and seeds are completely dry on the bush, germination can take from one to several months at 15 ° C. Such seed requires scarification.

Seeds that have been stored for some time (for example, part of fall and winter) will require 3 weeks to 3 months of cold stratification (in slightly damp sand in the refrigerator) before sowing in the spring.

Seed material is sown in a sand-peat mixture, lightly sprinkled with soil, which is kept moderately moist until germinated. Then watering as needed.

Calicantha seeds are unique, as they do not store energy reserves for germination - inside the seed shell there are tiny cotyledon leaves, tightly twisted in a spiral. As they germinate, they unfold to collect solar energy for further growth.

Relatively huge cotyledons quickly make up for the lack of stored reserves, and true leaves and stems sprout through their middle. Grown seedlings at the stage of 3-4 true leaves are dived and planted in separate pots.

Seedlings ready to be transplanted into separate pots

In open ground, seedlings are planted in late spring or summer in a warm and sunny place. In winter, they require mandatory protection from the cold. The bush blooms after about 3-4 years of cultivation.

Vegetative propagation

For vegetative propagation, cuttings, shoots or green cuttings are used. In the first case, a superficial incision is made on the lower part of the lateral shoot, tilted and fixed with wire in a small trench, covered with fertile soil, leaving the top above the ground.

Separated from the mother plant in the spring of the following year, when the cuttings form roots at the incision site.

The shoots with part of the root are separated from the bush and transplanted to a new place. Cutting is a more complex method. Green cuttings are cut in June and rooted in a soil-sand mixture. To maintain high humidity, they are covered with a transparent bag, which is removed after the start of new growth.

Taxonomy

Skeletocutis amorpha (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouzar, 12 (2): 103 (1958). - Polyporus amorphus Fr., Observ. Mycol. 1: 125 (1815), nom. nov., Syst. Mycol. 1: 364 (1821). - Poria nitida Alb. & Schwein.,: 258 (1805), nom. illeg.

Synonyms

  • Bjerkandera amorpha (Fr.) P. Karst., 1879
  • Coriolus subabietinus Murrill, 1938
  • Coriolus sublilacinus Murrill, 1907
  • Gloeoporus amorphus (Fr.) Killerm., 1928
  • Leptoporus amorphus (Fr.) Quél., 1886
  • Polyporus alboaurantius Veull., 1883
  • Polyporus amorphus Fr., 1815, nom. nov.
  • Polyporus armeniacus Berk., 1836
  • Polyporus aureolus Pers., 1825, nom. superfl.
  • Polyporus horakii Velen., 1922
  • Polyporus pertenuis Velen., 1922
  • Polyporus pini-glabrae (Murrill) Murrill, 1940
  • Polyporus roseoporis Rostk., 1848
  • Polystictoides amorphus (Fr.) Lázaro Ibiza, 1916
  • Polystictus amorphus (Fr.) Gillot & Lucand, 1890
  • Polystictus subabietinus (Murrill) Murrill, 1938
  • Polystictus sublilacinus (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter, 1912
  • Poria nitida Alb. & Schwein., 1805, nom. illeg.
  • Tyromyces amorphus (Fr.) Murrill, 1918
  • Tyromyces pini-glabrae Murrill, 1940

No. 1 [Natural and technical sciences, 2013]

The journal Natural and Technical Sciences is included in the List of leading peer-reviewed scientific journals and publications, in which the main scientific results of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences (as amended in July 2007) should be published in accordance with the decision of the Higher Attestation Commission (List of VAK ).

Publications of the results of scientific research of applicants for the degree of candidate of sciences can be placed in the journal in accordance with the subject of the journal, i.e. in natural and technical sciences.
Publications of the results of scientific research of applicants for the degree of Doctor of Science can be placed in the journal on earth sciences; in biological sciences; in electronics, measuring technology, radio engineering and communication.

Nauki, no. 1, 2013 61 Pleurotus ostreatus 0786 22 ± 3 2 20 ± 3 1.8 Pyptopurus betulinus TI 018 14 ± 2 1.35 0 0 Skeletocutis <…> 1.44 ± 0.14 1.42 ± 0.12 1.10 ± 0.12 Pleurotus citrinopeleatus 0830 0.04 ± 0.001 0.25 ± 0.003 0.16 ± 0.01 0.12 ± 0.01 Skeletocutis

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References

  1. ^ Ryvarden, Leif; Melo, Ireneia (2014). Poroid Fungi of Europe... Synopsis Fungorum. 31... Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora. p. 388. ISBN 978-8290724462.
  2. ^
  3. ^
  4. ^
  5. ^
  6. Boidin, J .; Candoussau, F .; Gilles, G. (1986). “Bambusicolous fungi from the Southwest of France II. Saprobic heterobasidiomycetes, resupinate Aphyllophorales and Nidulariales. " Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan. 27 (4): 463–471.
  7. Yu, Chang-Jun; Dai, Yu-Cheng; Wang, Z. (2004). "A preliminary study on wood-inhabiting fungi on charred wood in Daxinganling forest areas." Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 15 (10): 1781-1784. PMID.
  8. Niemelä, Tuomo; Renvall, Pertti; Penttilä, Reijo (1995). "Interactions of fungi at late stages of wood decomposition". Annales Botanici Fennici. 32 (3): 141-152. JSTOR.
  9. ^
  10. Dahlberg, A .; Croneborg, H. (2006). The 33 Threatened Fungi in Europe (Nature and Environment)... Strasbourg, Germany: Council of Europe. pp. 109-110. ISBN 978-92-871-5928-1.
  11. Kim, Seon-Young; Park, So-Yeon; Jung, Hack-Sung (2001). "Phylogenetic classification of Antrodia and related genera based on ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer sequences ". Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 11 (3): 475–481.
  12. ^
  13. ^
  14. Eriksson, John; Strid, Åke (1969). Studies in the Aphyllophorales (Basidiomycetes) of northern Finland. Annales Universitatis Turku A (II). 40: 112–158.
  15. ^
  16. Pouzar, Z. (1966). Studies in the taxonomy of the Polypores I. Ceská Mykologie. 20 (3): 171–177.
  17. Donk, M.A. (1971). Notes on European Polypores — IV. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen. Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences. 74: 1–24.
  18. ^ David, A. (1982). “Étude monographique du genre Skeletocutis (Polyporaceae) ". Le Naturaliste Canadien (in French). 109: 235–272.
  19. Ryvarden, Leif; Gilbertson, R.L. (1993). European Polypores 1... Synopsis Fungorum. 6... Oslo: Fungiflora. ISBN 978-82-90724-12-7.
  20. Ryvarden, Leif; Gilbertson, R.L. (1994). European Polypores 2: MeripilusTyromyces. Synopsis Fungorum. 7... Oslo: Fungiflora. ISBN 978-82-90724-13-4.
  21. Berniccia, Annarosa (2005). Polyporaceae s.l... Fungi Europaei. 10... Alassio, Italy: Candusso. ISBN 978-88-901057-5-3.
  22. ^
  23. ^
  24. Kirk, P.M .; Cannon, P. F .; Minter, D. W .; Stalpers, J.A. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 638. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  25. Roberts, Peter; Ryvarden, Leif (2006). Poroid fungi from Korup National Park, Cameroon. Kew bulletin. 61 (1): 55–78. JSTOR.
  26. ^
  27. ^ Niemelä, Tuomo (1998). "The Skeletocutis subincarnata complex (Basidiomycetes), a revision ". Acta Botanica Fennica. 161: 1–35.
  28. Ryvarden, L. (2009). "Some new and interesting polypores from United States". Synopsis Fungorum. 26: 24–26.
  29. ^
  30. Kotlaba, F .; Pouzar, Z. (1991). "Type studies of polypores described by A. Pilát - IV". Czech Mycology. 45 (3): 91–97.
  31. David, A .; Keller, J. (1984). “Une nouvelle espèce de Skeletocutis (Polyporaceae) recoltée en Suisse ". Mycologia helvetica (in French). 1 (3): 157–167.
  32. ^
  33. Dai, Yu-Cheng (2003). "Rare and threatened polypores in the ecosystem of Changbaishan Nature Reserve of northeastern China." Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao (in Chinese). 14 (6): 1015-1018. PMID.
  34. Ryvarden, Leif; Iturriaga, Teresa (2011). Studies in Neotropical polypores 30, New and interesting species from Gran Sabana in Venezuela. Synopsis Fungorum. 39: 74–81.
  35. ^
  36. Kotlába, František; Pouzar, Zdeněk (1990). "Type studies of polypores described by A. Pilát - III". Ceská Mykologie. 44 (4): 228–237.

Rock landscapes of the Karelian coast of the White Sea: natural features, economic development, conservation measures [monograph]

Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The monograph gives a multidimensional characteristic and assessment of natural complexes on the rocky coast of the White Sea, located in the extreme north-east of Karelia (between the mouths of the Gridina and Keret rivers), including against the background of vast contiguous Belomorian territories. The results of a survey of the territory by five institutes of the Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, including the use of an extensive collection of literature and previously collected materials, are presented. The materials are presented in the form of several main sections. At the beginning, a brief description and assessment of the general physical and geographical features of the territory (climate, geological and geomorphological, hydrological and soil conditions) is given. In the following, terrestrial ecosystems (marshes and wetlands, coastal meadows, forests and landscapes in general) are described and assessed. In the next part, the plant (vascular plants, mosses, fungi) and animal (mammals, birds, insects) world are characterized and evaluated with lists of species.Data on aquatic flora and fauna (algae, macrozoobenthos, molluscs) are presented separately. A special place in the monograph is occupied by materials of archaeological research, analysis of the peculiarities of the history of nature management, including the modern period, as well as the ethnographic specifics of the region. In conclusion, general conclusions are drawn and the expediency of giving this territory a conservation status is substantiated. The book contains photographs of various natural objects (coastal areas, types of forests and swamps, certain species of mushrooms, plants, etc.).

Skeletocutis odora (Sacc.) Ginns * S. papyracea A. <...> New types of species from the anthropody, coniophora, posti, scletoistosto

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Description

The hymenophore is visible

Fruiting bodies are annual, prostrate with bent caps or completely prostrate. Caps (if formed) are single or tiled, often fused with edges, thin, leathery, sometimes with concentric zones on top, whitish, grayish or beige, with soft to hard pubescence.

The hymenophore is tubular to almost labyrinthine, whitish, then pinkish-beige to reddish-orange, the pores are angular or rounded, with thin septa.

The pulp is not more than 1 mm thick, when in contact with a KOH solution, it is somewhat yellowish or pinkish; tubules are also up to 1 mm deep. The taste is often bitter.

The hyphal system is dimitic, the generative hyphae of the pulp are thick-walled, with buckles, 2–6 µm thick, the skeletal hyphae of the pulp are thick-walled, aseptic, 3–6 µm thick. Cystyds are absent. Basidia are tetrasporous, clavate, 14-16 × 4-5 µm. Spores are colorless, allantoid, 3–4.5 × 1.3–1.8 µm.

No. 1 [Forest Bulletin. Forestry Bulletin, 2009]

Previous name: Bulletin of the Moscow State University of Forestry - Lesnoy Vestnik (until 2016) / The journal is the leading scientific and information journal in the field of forestry, ecology, logging, woodworking, chemical technology and wood processing, forestry economics.
The journal publishes: articles by scientists of higher education, research institutes, foreign specialists, heads of enterprises and engineers; texts of reports of scientists at symposia, conferences and meetings; annotations and reviews of new books; journalistic and historical literary materials. Editor-in-Chief - Alexander Nikolaevich Oblivin, Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and Moscow Academy of Natural Sciences, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation, President of Moscow State University of Law, Professor of the Department of Processes and Apparatuses of Woodworking Industries of the Moscow State Forestry University

large genera composing the biota of aphyllophoroid macromycetes in spruce forests: Postia (14 species), Phellinus (13), Skeletocutis <…> murrayi, Climacocystis borealis, Fomitopsis rosea, Leucogyrophana mellusca, Parmastomyjan S mollavisimus, ... , Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus sulphurascens, Skeletocutis

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