Psathyrella olympiana photo and description

External description

The fruiting body of the velvety psatirella is hat-peg. The caps of this mushroom are 3-8 cm in diameter, in young mushrooms they are hemispherical, sometimes bell-shaped. In mature mushrooms, the cap becomes convex-outstretched, velvety to the touch; the remnants of the bedspread are clearly visible along the edges of the cap. The flesh of the cap is fibrous and scaly. Sometimes the caps of the velvety psatirella are radially wrinkled, and can be brownish-red, yellow-brown, or ocher-brown in color. The middle of these mushrooms is chestnut brown.

The leg of the velvety psatirella can be from 2 to 10 cm in length, and does not exceed 1 cm in diameter. The shape of the leg is mostly cylindrical. From the inside, the leg is empty, slightly widened at the base. Its structure is fibrous-felt and its color is off-white. The fibers are brown. Young mushrooms have a peri-pectoral ring that disappears over time.

The mushroom pulp is whitish in color, sometimes giving off yellow. At the base of the leg, the flesh is brown. In general, the pulp of this type of mushroom is brittle, saturated with moisture.

The hymenophore in psatirella velvety is lamellar. The plates, located under the cap, grow to the surface of the leg, have a grayish tint and are often located. In mature fruiting bodies, the plates become dark brown, almost black, and always have light edges. In immature fruiting bodies, droplets appear on the plates.

The spore powder of psatirella velvety has a brownish-purple color. The spores are lemon-shaped, warty.

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Imleria badia Imleria badia Set to stop. Flare. Capable of being. Bumpy bump

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Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose. Burgundy and barking bush. Bay bolete is delicious and is one of the most popular
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Delicatula small (lat. Delicatula integredium). Rose, Rose, Rose, Rose

Boletus edulis (cep, penny bun, porcino or king bolete, poplar porcini mushroom) popcorn .

Names [| ]

Russian synonyms:

Fragile conical
Psatirella black

For the generic name, see Psatirella.

Scientific synonyms

Agaricus conopilus Fr. 1821 basionym
Agaricus aratus Berk. 1860
Agaricus subatratus Batsch 1786
Agaricus superbus Jungh. 1830
Drosophila conopilus (Fr.) Quél. 1886
Pilosace conopilus (Fr.) Kuntze 1898
Psathyra conopila (Fr.) P. Kumm. 1871
Psathyra conopilea var. subatrata (Batsch) J.E. Lange 1936
Psathyra conopilea var. superbus (Jungh.) Cooke 1890
Psathyra elata Massee 1892
Psathyrella arata (Berk.) Sacc. 1908
Psathyrella conopilus var. subatrata (Batsch) Citérin & Bon 1995
Psathyrella subatrata (Batsch) Gillet 1878
Parasola conopilus (Fr.) Örstadius & E. Larss. 2008

Psatirella chestnut (Homophron spadiceum)

Synonyms:

Psathyrella sarcocephala
Drosophila spadicea
Drosophila sarcocephala
Psathyra spadicea
Psathyra sarcocephala
Psilocybe spadicea
Psilocybe sarcocephala
Pratella spadicea
Pilosace spadiceus
Agaricus spadiceus
Agaricus fuscescens
Agaricus sarcocephalus

Description

A hat with a diameter of 3-7 (up to 10) cm, convex in youth, then prostrate with a lowered edge, then flat-prostrate, with a tubercle. The edges of the cap in youth are even, then they can become wavy. Color in wet weather brown, pinkish brown to reddish brown, often lighter in the center. When dry, light beige. The surface of the cap is smooth. There is no bedspread.

The flesh is thin or not very thin, the color of the cap, watery in wet weather, dense when dried. The smell is not pronounced, mushroom. The taste is not pronounced.

The plates are frequent, moderately wide, partly accreted with a tooth, partly free, from almost all free, to almost all poorly accreted. The color of the plates is whitish at first, then beige, then brown, beige-brown, reddish-brown.

Spore powder pale pinkish-brownish, dark beige, dark gray with a beige tint. The spores are elongated, ellipsoidal or ovoid, 7-9 x 4-5.5 μm.

The leg is 4-7 (up to 10) cm high, 0.5-1 cm (up to 1.3) in diameter, cylindrical, slightly widened towards the base, light, silky, often curved, twisted, longitudinally striped, made or hollow, rigid, fibrous.

Habitat

It inhabits from early summer to mid-autumn on deciduous wood (primarily birch, aspen), on dry wood, as well as at the base of the trunks of living and dead trees, stumps.

Similar species

The row is dirty (Lepista sordida), in its not purple form, and in the case when psatirella grows not on wood, but around the tree trunk. This is what I took this mushroom for when I first found it. But, carefully twisting the mushroom in his hands, it becomes clear that this is not a sculptor at all, looking at the strange shades of the plates, and the longitudinally striped leg. And after sowing the dispute, everything falls into place immediately and finally.
Other types of psatirella, much thinner, with thinner and straighter legs, flimsy and / or fragile. This psatirella, being found for the first time, does not even cause an association with the fact that it is psatirella. Apparently, it was not in vain that they brought this "psatirella" into a separate genus - Homophron.

Season and habitat of the mushroom

Fruiting of velvety psatirella (Psathyrella lacrymabunda) begins in July, when solitary mushrooms of this species appear, and its activity increases significantly in August and continues until early September.

From mid-summer to about October, velvety psatirella can be found in mixed, deciduous and open places, on soils (often sandy), in grass, near roadsides, on rotten wood, near forest paths and roads, in parks and squares, in gardens and cemeteries. It is not often possible to meet mushrooms of this type in Russia. Velvety psatirellas grow in groups or singly.

Definitioner

Basidia (Basidia)

Lat. Basidia.A specialized structure of sexual reproduction in fungi, inherent only in Basidiomycetes. Basidia are terminal (end) elements of hyphae of various shapes and sizes, on which spores develop exogenously (outside).

Basidia are diverse in structure and method of attachment to hyphae.

According to the position relative to the axis of the hypha, to which they are attached, three types of basidia are distinguished:

Apical basidia are formed from the terminal cell of the hypha and are located parallel to its axis.

Pleurobasidia are formed from lateral processes and are located perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which continues to grow and can form new processes with basidia.

Subasidia are formed from a lateral process, turned perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which, after the formation of one basidium, stops its growth.

Based on morphology:

Holobasidia - unicellular basidia, not divided by septa (see Fig. A, D.).

Phragmobasidia are divided by transverse or vertical septa, usually into four cells (see Fig. B, C).

By type of development:

Heterobasidia consists of two parts - hypobasidia and epibasidia developing from it, with or without partitions (see Fig. C, B) (see Fig. D).

Homobasidia is not divided into hypo- and epibasidia and in all cases is considered holobasidia (Fig. A).

Basidia is the place of karyogamy, meiosis and the formation of basidiospores. Homobasidia, as a rule, is not functionally divided, and meiosis follows karyogamy in it. However, basidia can be divided into probasidia - the site of karyogamy and metabasidia - the site of meiosis. Probasidium is often a dormant spore, for example in rust fungi. In such cases, probazidia grows with metabasidia, in which meiosis occurs and on which basidiospores are formed (see Fig. E).

See Karyogamy, Meiosis, Gifa.

Pileipellis

Lat. Pileipellis, skin - differentiated surface layer of the cap of agaricoid basidiomycetes. The structure of the skin in most cases differs from the inner flesh of the cap and may have a different structure. The structural features of pileipellis are often used as diagnostic features in descriptions of fungi species.

According to their structure, they are divided into four main types: cutis, trichoderma, hymeniderma and epithelium.

See Agaricoid fungi, Basidiomycete, Cutis, Trichoderma, Gimeniderm, Epithelium.

Apiculus (Apiculus)