Milky mushrooms: photo and description of varieties

Cooking recipes

Since the camphor milk has quite a lot of milky juice, it must be soaked for 3 days before salting, it is better to change the water daily. Fruiting bodies are salted in a deep container.

To do this, they are laid out in layers, each of which is sprinkled with salt. Can be laid with dill, bay leaves, peas. The contents of the container are pressed with a load and salted for a month. After they are laid out in jars, stored in the refrigerator. When salting, the strong, pungent and unpleasant smell of the lactarius disappears.

Dried camphor milk can be prepared as a seasoning. To do this, it is thoroughly crushed and grinded. It will take patience to cook the dried mushroom, as it should also be soaked for 3 days beforehand. Then dry in the air for at least a week, then you can dry it in the oven. Air dry on a string or flat surface. All spoiled, rotten mushrooms must be removed.

In other species, camphor lactic acid mushroom is not used. It is also not recommended to eat raw milkmen, despite the fact that they belong to the russula family. It is the milky juice of mushrooms that can cause upset of the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, diarrhea.

It is worth remembering that it is better for pregnant and lactating women to give up the use of milkmen, and to start giving children no earlier than 7 years old. In case of gastrointestinal diseases, it is better not to eat mushrooms until a stable state is restored.

Edible brownish lactarius

Sooty milky - more edible than other milky. His juice is not too bitter, in addition, there are no extraneous unpleasant odors, so there is no need for prolonged boiling and soaking. The consistency of the brownish lactici is strong, so they can be salted together with volushki, chernushki and other "noble" milkers.

Other mushrooms of this genus

Miller stunted or tender milk mushroom is a conditionally edible mushroom used mainly for pickling. The diameter of the cap of this mushroom is 3-5 centimeters. The shape of the caps is initially convex, but in mature specimens it becomes prostrate.

The color of the cap is red or buffy-brick. The height of the leg is small - 2.5 centimeters, with a thickness of 0.4-0.8 centimeters. The leg is loose in structure, and becomes hollow with age. The color of the leg is the same as that of the cap.

Stunted millers settle on mossy surfaces in damp places. They grow in mixed and deciduous forests. They begin to bear fruit in July and continue until September.

Mayor's Miller is an edible mushroom that can be used for food in any form. The diameter of the cap of the lactic Mayor ranges from 2.5 to 12 centimeters. The color of the cap varies from clay-cream to light cream. The leg reaches a height of 1.5-4 centimeters, while its diameter is 0.6-1.5 centimeters. The leg looks like a cylinder, it feels dry and smooth to the touch.

These mushrooms grow, as a rule, in deciduous forests. They meet in small groups. Mayor's Millers are common in Europe, Asia and Morocco. They bear fruit from September to October. These mushrooms are found on the pages of the Red Data Books of several countries: Denmark, Austria, France, Estonia, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden and Germany.

Description

This mushroom is somewhat similar in structure to a bitter, but differs from it in a lighter color.

Hat

Grows to medium size (up to about 15 cm in diameter). In the middle of it, both an impression and a tuberous outgrowth can form. With the growth of the fungus, both signs appear at the same time.

The edges of the cap in young mushrooms are rolled downwards, and open upwards with age. Its color is beige-gray-pink. The surface is not slimy, dry and velvety to the touch.

Pulp

Fleshy, pale and rather fragile. When broken or cut, the pulp smells very strongly of chicory. It tastes bitter.It emits a small amount of milky juice, which resembles water in consistency. The juice does not change color when exposed to air.

Leg

The legs of these milkmen are short and very stocky (approximately 8 * 2). Their color is slightly lighter than the surface of the cap. In young specimens, the legs are full, and in the process of growth they form irregular cavities inside. These milkmen do not have any additional growths on the legs, they are smooth.

Spore-bearing layer

The spore layer is made of plates. Plates of medium thickness and frequency. Almost the same color as the hat, but a little lighter. In very young mushrooms, the plates are almost white, then darken.

Spore powder

The spores of the gray-pink lactarius are almost round, of medium size, with a reticular surface, the bulk of the powder is orange-yellow.

Description and characteristics

Classically, the oak milkman is a member of the russula family and the genus Millechnikovye, which means that its closest relatives are mushrooms, mushrooms and mushrooms, which are more in demand among mushroom pickers.

People who call a mushroom use synonyms:

• the milkman is neutral;
• the milkman is calm;
• oak mushroom;
• poddubnik;
• baseball.

Professional mycologists are closer to the Latin name Lactarius quietus.

Outwardly, the oak milkman is rather unsightly, perhaps this explains the fact that he is so often ignored.

The hat is 4-8 cm in diameter. In a young mushroom, it has a flat-convex shape, but over time it becomes funnel-shaped. The color is brownish-cream, concentrated fuzzy circles of a darker shade diverge along the surface of the cap. The skin is dry, brownish in color, with darker concentric, sometimes indistinct areas.

The hymenophore, that is, the lower part of the cap, is lamellar, light cream in color, darkens to brick-brown with age. The plates are frequent, wide, descending along the pedicle. At the break, the pulp secretes milky juice (hence the name of the genus of mushrooms), which does not change its color when oxidized in air. Has a specific odor reminiscent of dry grass.

The leg is thin, cylindrical, from 3 to 6 cm high. The color does not differ from the cap.

A bit of history

For the first time the genus Lactarius (from Latin "milk") was described in 1797 by the Dutch mycologist H. G. Person, who included 6 species of lamellar mushrooms. Four years later, British botanist S. F. Gray doubled that number.

Mushroom common lactarius and its photo

Category: conditionally edible.

Lactarius trivialis cap (diameter 5-22 cm): shiny even in dry weather, with dark rings. Changes color and shape depending on the age of the fungus: in young mushrooms, it is dark and gray-gray, rather convex; in old ones, purple and brown, and then ocher or yellow, flatter and even depressed. Dense, maybe with small dimples. The edges are wavy, curved, often curled inward.

Stem (height 4-10 cm): pale gray or light ocher, cylindrical, sometimes swollen, but always hollow. A bit slimy and sticky.

Pay attention to the photo of an ordinary milkman: its plates are frequent, thin (occasionally wide), mostly yellow or cream in color, with rusty spots. Pulp: thick and fragile

Mostly white, but brownish under the skin itself, and red at the base. Milky sap is very bitter; when interacting with air, it changes color to yellow or slightly greenish. Has a peculiar smell reminiscent of fishy

Flesh: thick and fragile. Mostly white, but brownish under the skin itself, and red at the base. Milky sap is very bitter; when interacting with air, it changes color to yellow or slightly greenish. Has a peculiar smell reminiscent of fishy.

Doubles: none.

When it grows: from mid-July to late September.

Where to find it: In humid places and lowlands of all types of forests, most often near pines, spruces and birches. Hides in dense grass or moss. An ordinary milkman is not afraid of pests.

Eating: fresh or salted, subject to pre-soaking to remove bitterness.When cooking, it changes color to bright yellow or orange. It is very popular in preparations for housewives in Finland.

Application in traditional medicine: not applicable.

Other names: gladysh, alder, nest, yellow nest, gray lump.

Faded milky: photo and application

Category: conditionally edible.

Faded lactarius cap (Lactarius vietus) (diameter 4-9 cm): gray, lilac, lilac or gray-brown, eventually fades to white or grayish. Slightly convex or outstretched. The center is slightly depressed, but with a slight tubercle and usually darker than the edges, which are curved towards the inner side. The surface is often uneven. Sticky and damp to the touch, with sticky twigs or leaves.

As you can see in the photo, the faded lactarius has an even, sometimes slightly curved leg. Its height is 5-9 cm. The color is white or light brown, lighter than the cap. The shape is cylindrical.

Plates: thin, narrow and very frequent. Cream or ocher in color, gray at the point of depression.

Flesh: white or gray, with a pungent milky juice. Thin, very fragile.

Doubles: none.

When it grows: from mid-August to early October.

Where to find: in deciduous and mixed forests, especially near birches. Prefers damp and swampy places.

The use of faded lactarius in cooking is limited - since the flesh of the mushroom is very thin, it is not very popular. Only the largest specimens are salted and pickled.

Application in traditional medicine: not applicable.

Other names: sluggish milky, marsh wave.

False doubles

Below are photographs in which you can see that, despite the obvious similarity, the twins still have a number of differences from the pearl fly agaric.

Difference from the poisonous fly agaric panther

Distinguishing these two members of the genus from each other is not so difficult. Despite the almost identical appearance, the panther fly agaric never changes the color of the pulp when damaged (gray-pink always turns red).

Poisonous and inedible species of milky mushroom

Sticky Miller (Lactárius blénnius)

Inedible mushroom.

The diameter of the cap is 4-10 cm, the shape is convex, later extended, the edge is curved. The surface of the cap is shiny, sticky, gray-green in color with dark concentric zones. Leg 4-6 cm long, 2.5 cm in diameter, light. The pulp is white, odorless, the taste is sharp, peppery. Milky juice is thick, white.

Mycorrhiza forms with deciduous trees, grows in summer and autumn in small groups in deciduous forests of Europe and Asia.

Gray-pink Miller (Lactárius hélvus)

Inedible mushroom.

The cap is 6-12 cm in diameter, the shape is flat, later funnel-shaped, the edge is curled up. The color is pinkish brown. The leg is 9 cm high, 1.5-2 cm thick, cylindrical in shape, the color matches the cap. The pulp is light yellow in color. The smell is strong, spicy, unpleasant. The taste is bitter. Milky sap is watery white.

Grows in coniferous forests in the northern temperate zone. The fruiting season is from July to September.

Liver miller (Lactárius hepáticus)

Inedible mushroom.

Hat 3-6 cm in diameter, liver-brown color, smooth surface. The leg is 3-6 cm in height, 0.6-1 cm in thickness, cylindrical in shape, color like a cap. The flesh is thin, creamy or light brown in color, acrid.

Forms mycorrhiza with pine.

Dark Miller (Lactárius obscurátus)

Inedible mushroom.

The cap is 1.5-3 cm in diameter, in a young fungus it is flat, later goblet, the edge is wrinkled, the surface is matte, the color is ocher-brown. The leg is 0.5 cm in diameter, 2-3 cm in height, cylindrical in shape, color like a cap. The pulp is brittle, brown in color. Milky juice is white.

Grows in mixed and deciduous forests, from mid-July to September.

Resinous black miller (Lactárius pícinus)

Inedible mushroom.

The hat is 4-10 cm in diameter, the shape is convex, later spread out. The surface is velvety, brownish brown. The leg is 3-6 cm high, 1-1.5 cm thick, cylindrical in shape, tapering towards the base. The pulp is white, dense, the smell is weak, fruity, the taste is sharp, peppery, turns pink in the air. The milky juice is thick, white, turns red in air.

Grows in small groups or singly in coniferous and mixed forests. The season starts in mid-August and lasts until the end of September.

Orange Miller (Lactárius pornínsis)

Inedible mushroom.

The hat is 3-8 cm in diameter, the shape is convex. Orange color, smooth surface.

The leg is 3-6 cm long, 0.8-1.5 cm in diameter, cylindrical in shape, tapering towards the base, in a young mushroom it is solid, later hollow, the color coincides with the cap. The pulp is dense, fibrous, the smell is orange. Milky juice is thick, sticky, white.

Grows in deciduous forests, in small groups, in summer and autumn.

Wet Miller (Lactárius úvidus)

Inedible mushroom.

The diameter of the cap is 4-8 cm; in a young mushroom, the shape is convex, later prostrate. The edge is bent. The color is grayish-steel with a violet tinge, the surface is smooth and damp. The pulp is odorless, the taste is pungent, white or yellowish, turns purple on the cut. Milky juice is abundant, white, turns purple in air. The leg is 4-7 cm high, 1-2 cm thick, strong, cylindrical.

A rare mushroom that grows in damp deciduous and mixed forests, from early August to late September.

Definition of the word "Millechniki" by TSB:

Milky vessels are milky vessels, vessels (tubes, cells) of some species of plants of the family kutrovy, euphorbia, gorse, asteraceae, poppy, etc., containing milky juice (Latex). M. are divided into segmented and non-segmented. Segmented M. are formed as a result of the dissolution of partitions between the lactiferous cells (segments), non-segmented M. - during the growth and branching of the initial milky cells formed already in the embryo of the plant. M. usually penetrate all the organs of the plant, forming a special milky system, although a number of plants (euonymus, eucommia, etc.) have separate, not connected into a system, long M. Living M. have a wall layer of cytoplasm, numerous nuclei, often of a peculiar shape, and all other structures of a living cell, as well as the cellulose membrane. In the plant, old M.and the formation of new ones. When M. dies off, the milky juice coagulates and turns into a continuous solid mass. Usually, when plants are injured from living M., the milky juice flows out under the influence of Turgor. The physiological role of M. has not been clarified. The most substantiated view of M. as a receptacle in which the end products of metabolism are accumulated. Probably, M. play the role of the excretory system of plants. O. L. Chistyakova.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Roda:

• Glaucoides Lunell, 1916, nom. superfl.
• Vroedea Bubani, 1897, nom. superfl.

Views:

• Glaucoides maritima (L.) Lunell, 1916
• Glaux acutifolia A. Heller, 1906
• Glaux generalis E.H.L. Krause, 1901
• Glaux spicata Phil. ex R. Knuth, 1905
• Lysimachia maritima (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano, 2005
• Vroedea maritima (L.) Bubani, 1897

Is orange milk edible?

Miller orange is considered an inedible mushroom, and some mycologists consider them, in general, weakly poisonous. Orange milkmen do not pose a particular health hazard, but often after their use there is an upset of the gastrointestinal tract.

Other mushrooms of this genus

A stunted milky, or a tender lump, or a stunted lump has a cap with a diameter of 3-5 centimeters. At a young age, the caps are convex, but with return they become prostrate with a tubercle in the central part. The color of the cap is red or buffy-brick. The leg height is 2-5 centimeters, and the diameter is 0.4-0.8 centimeters. The pulp of the mushroom has a mild, tangy taste.

Stunted millers grow in humid places, on mossy surfaces. They can be found in mixed and deciduous forests. They bear fruit from July to September. Tender Milk is a conditionally edible mushroom that is most often salted.

Fragrant milky, or malt, or coconut milky, fragrant fragrant has a cap with a diameter of 3-6 centimeters of a convex shape, but with age it becomes flat and even funnel-shaped. The surface of the cap is covered with a small fluff. The color of the cap is lilac-gray, ocher-gray and pink-brown. The height of the leg is small - about 1 centimeter, with a width of 0.5-1 centimeter. The surface of the leg is smooth, but inside it is loose. In ripe fruit bodies, the legs become hollow. The mushroom pulp has a coconut aroma, and it tastes bland, with a pungent aftertaste.

Malodchaks bear fruit from August to October. They can be found under the birches, among the fallen leaves. Fragrant miller is considered a conditionally edible mushroom. They are often salted and also used as flavorings for various dishes. It has no taste as such, but there is a pleasant aroma of coconut.

Camphor milky or camphor milk mushroom grows in North America and Eurasia. Prefers coniferous and mixed forests. Selects acidic soils, rotting wood and old forest floor. They bear fruit from July to late September. This mushroom has a strong specific smell of camphor, so it cannot be confused with other species. It is an edible mushroom, but low in flavor.

At a young age, the cap is convex, but over time it becomes flat. The hat is covered with a matte skin, brown or dark red color. The leg is cylindrical in shape, brittle, its surface is smooth. The leg length is 3-5 centimeters. The color of the stem matches the cap, but may become darker in older specimens.