Mycelium on blocks of poppy honey agaric (poppy hypholoma), hypholoma capnoides

Which mushrooms are suitable for salting

You can salt almost all mushrooms: porcini, boletus, boletus, champignons, experience and many others. But it is best to pickle tubular mushrooms.

In our country, there are about two hundred species of mushrooms that can be eaten, but only fifty-seven species are allowed for industrial harvesting.

Scientists have divided all mushrooms into four categories:

• The first and second categories are mushrooms that can be eaten after a little heat treatment;
• The third and fourth categories can also be eaten, but only after a long soaking or many hours of digestion of all harmful substances.

The second category contains:

• tubular mushrooms such as boletus, boletus and aspen mushrooms.
• Lamellar mushrooms such as champignons, milk mushrooms and podgruzdki.

But russula, volnushki, honey agarics, chanterelles and other popular mushrooms, beloved by many, belong to the third and fourth categories and are considered conditionally edible.

Gray lamellar honey fungus (Hypholoma capnoides)

Other names of the fungus: Gray-lamellar pseudo-foil

Synonyms:

Seroplate honey fungus (Latin Hypholoma capnoides) is an edible mushroom from the genus Hypholoma of the Strophariaceae family.

Cap of gray-lamellar honeydew: 3-7 cm in diameter, from hemispherical in the youngest mushrooms to convex-outstretched in maturity, often with remnants of a private veil along the edges. The cap itself is hygrophane, its color strongly depends on humidity: in dry mushrooms it is dull yellow with a more saturated middle, in wet mushrooms it becomes brighter, light brown. As it dries, it begins to brighten symmetrically from the edges. The flesh of the cap is thin, whitish, with a faint odor of dampness.

Plates: Frequent, adherent, white-yellowish in young fruiting bodies, acquiring the characteristic color of poppy seeds as they mature.

Spore powder: Brownish violet.

The peduncle of the gray-lamellar honeydew: 5-10 cm in height, 0.3 - 0.8 cm in thickness, cylindrical, often curved, with a rapidly disappearing ring, yellow in the upper part, rusty-brown in the lower part.

Distribution: Lamellar honey fungus is a typical tree fungus. Its fruiting bodies grow in bunches on stumps and roots hidden in the ground. It grows only in coniferous forests, most often on pine and spruce, both in the lowlands and high in the mountains. It is especially abundant in mountain spruce forests. The honey fungus is widespread throughout the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. You can collect it from spring to autumn, and often in mild winters. It grows like a "honey agaric", in large intergrowths, meeting, perhaps, not so often, but quite abundantly.

Similar species: Several common species of the genus Hypholoma, as well as, in some cases, summer honey fungus, are similar at once to the seroplate honeydew. It is, first of all, a poisonous pseudo-froth (hypholoma) sulfur-yellow with yellow-green plates, a cap with sulfur-yellow edges and a sulfur-yellow flesh. Next comes the pseudo-froth - brick-red hypholoma (H. sublateriiium) with yellow-brown plates and a brown-red cap, growing in bunches in summer and autumn in deciduous forests and outside the forest, especially on oak and beech stumps. Even without knowing the mushroom, it is only by formal signs that Hypholoma capnoides can be distinguished from the sulfur-yellow honey fungus (Hypholoma fasciculare): the one has green plates, and the gray-plastic one has poppy-gray. The rooted hypholoma (Hypholoma radicosum) mentioned in some sources, in my opinion, is completely different.

Edible: Seroplate honey fungus has a reputation for being a good edible mushroom. In my opinion, it is very similar to the summer mushroom; old specimens take on a musty, raw taste.

Video about mushroom Seroplate mushroom:

Gray-lamellar millet - a good edible mushroom has a blue-gray, poppy-colored, lamellar, yellow-brown cap, whitish flesh and a pleasant taste.

The seroplate honeydew for me was and remains the "second summer honeydew". When we were introduced, they told me so - here they say you are another summer honey agaric, which grows on pine stumps. I believed, which, however, I still do not regret. And what?..

Mushroom photo Seroplate honeydew from questions in recognition:

LAT

Specifications:

Systematics:

Edible mushroom, assigned to the 4th flavor category.

Appearance of a sulfur-yellow false foam

The cap of a sulfur-yellow false froth is convex, up to 6 centimeters in diameter, when the mushroom matures, the cap straightens a little. Above, the hat is yellow, there is a slight reddish tint on the top of the head. The edges of the cap are yellow-green. Remnants of the bedspread may be visible along the edges of the cap on the underside.

The plates are adherent, olive, lemon-gray or yellow. In young specimens, the tone of the plates is sulfur-yellow, in old ones they turn gray-violet, and when they decompose, they become almost black.

The leg is yellow or yellow-green in color. Young specimens may have a ring on the leg - traces from the film. In adult specimens, the leg is cylindrical; inside it is hollow, at the base with a pronounced brown tint. Pulp y gray-yellow false-backs very bitter with an unpleasant odor.

Places of growth of sulfur-yellow false hooters

These mushrooms grow in both forest and mountainous areas. They usually settle in bundles or groups. Favorite growing places are old stumps and half-decayed trunks of coniferous and deciduous trees. Sometimes false heaps can grow at the base of living trees, but most often they are located on trees that are broken and lying on the ground.

False honey agarics often settle near edible honey agarics. You can often see how autumn mushrooms grow, tightly squeezed from all sides by dangerous doubles. The fruiting season of sulfur-yellow false hooters is August-September, but they can appear earlier, and in the warm season they can be found in October and even November.

Sulfur-yellow false foam twins

Even poisonous mushrooms have counterparts. Of the greatest interest are the edible and tasty twins, because if you confuse sulfur-yellow false foams with them, you can get serious poisoning.

Edible honey mushroom is very similar to its poisonous counterpart. The plates of edible mushrooms do not have a green tint. At a young age, the honey agaric plates are white or cream. You can also recognize false foams by a weakly pronounced ring on the leg, but old mushrooms often do not have a ring. In addition, the edible autumn mushroom has a ring on the leg.

Seroplastic or poppy foam is also an edible mushroom that can be confused with sulfur yellow false foam. The cap of the seroplastic pseudo-froth is convex, becomes spread over time, its color is brown, red-brown or yellow. The plates are creamy yellow or whitish at a young age, and then become bluish gray or even darker. There is no sulfur and green tint at all. There is no ring on the leg either. Seroplastic false heaps are often left in the forest, as they are afraid to confuse them with a poisonous twin.

The yellow-red honey fungus has a distant resemblance to the sulfur-yellow false foam.Colibia spindle-footed is also an inedible mushroom, and it very similar to false foam of sulfur-yellow.

How not to get poisoned with sulfur-yellow false foam?

The mushroom picker should be alerted by the green or olive tint on the cap, and especially on the plates and the upper part of the leg. The sulfur-yellow color of this mushroom can hardly be considered a distinctive feature of the toadstool. Better to walk past the dubious mushroom and pick only familiar mushrooms. The mushroom picker must have 100% confidence in the mushrooms that he collects.

Poisoning by sulfur-yellow false heels

Doctor of Medical Sciences and the head of the intensive care unit Musselius in the book "Poisonous Mushrooms" described the symptoms of poisoning with sulfur-yellow false heels. The composition of these mushrooms contains resinous substances - ketones and aldehydes, which irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. The toxicity can be severe. In addition, some of the chemicals are absorbed into the bloodstream and poison other organs.

A severe form of poisoning is most often observed when taking a very large amount of mushrooms, especially in the elderly or children, or if there are additional concomitant health problems: chronic hepatitis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and the like. In rare cases, extremely severe poisoning occurs, even death is possible.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that after a sulfur-yellow false foam enters the stomach, acute gastroenteritis develops, if the first signs of this disease appear, they immediately call an ambulance. The specialist receiving the call will tell you what actions to take before the arrival of the medical team

Description of seroplate pseudo-foil

The diameter of the cap ranges from 2 to 8 centimeters. In young gray-lamellar false-backs, the caps are convex, dirty yellow or pale yellow in color, and the plates are covered with a white film.

As the mushroom matures, the cap becomes less convex, and its color changes to brown-orange with brown spots, while the film breaks and hangs in white flakes. In wet weather, the cap becomes sticky.

The plates are often spaced, narrow, fawn in color, with age they become smoky gray, and in older specimens they are gray-brown or purple-brown. The plates are adhered to the stem.

The leg is shaped like a cylinder. Its diameter is about 0.5 centimeters, and its height reaches 10 centimeters. The leg can be curved or straight, there is no ring on it. At the top of the leg, the color is light yellow, and at the bottom it turns brown.

The flesh of the cap is pale yellow, sometimes white, thin, not bitter, practically odorless, but old specimens have a pungent smell of dampness. Spores are bluish-gray in color.

Places of growth of seroplate

These mushrooms are found mostly in the temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Most often they can be found in coniferous mountain forests, and in deciduous forests they are extremely rare.

Gray lamellar pseudoholes grow mainly on coniferous stumps, on roots and on decaying trees. You can meet these mushrooms from June to November, but the peak of mass ripening is observed from September to October. Gray-lamellar pseudo-weavers settle in large colonies, they grow alone very rarely.

Some types of fungi form mycorrhiza - a kind of symbiosis with plants.

lamellar false pigs are symbiotes. Their myceliums envelop the roots of trees and penetrate inside, so the mushrooms feed. For the plants themselves, such an alliance is also useful, since with the help of mushroom roots they receive minerals from the soil. Pines grow strong and tall when they form beneficial alliances with mushrooms. And when false heaps settle on sick trees, they destroy them. That is, in fact, seroplamellar pseudo-weavers are orderlies.Because they destroy old trees in the forest.

Reproduction of gray-lamellar false hoofs

As with all fungi, reproduction in the seroplamellar pseudo-foil occurs with the help of spores. The shape of the spores is elongated, the surface is smooth, the color of the spore powder, like in many stropharia, is bluish-gray or dark purple.

The spores are attached to the plates. The number of disputes is enormous. They are carried by the wind in different directions. When the spores land on the ground, myceliums begin to form.

Edibility of seroplate pseudo-foam

Pseudo-lamellar is a pseudo-edible mushroom. In general, representatives of the stropharia family are classified as poisonous mushrooms, but certain species, nevertheless, can be eaten after proper processing.

The gray-lamellar pseudo-foam belongs to the 4th category in terms of taste. This mushroom is suitable for preparing a variety of dishes, but it is not added fresh to food, but boiled for 15 minutes. In addition, gray-lamellar false weavers can be salted, pickled and dried. The smell and taste of this mushroom are soft and pleasant.

It is recommended to eat young gray-lamellar false pigs, as older specimens develop an unpleasant odor. It is advisable to collect only hats, since the legs, like those of other mushrooms, are too hard.

In Western Europe, gray-lamellar pseudo-foil is a popular mushroom; mushroom pickers collect it with great pleasure.

Similar species

The gray-lamellar pseudo-foam can be mistakenly confused with other fungi of the genus Gifoloma:

• The brick-red pseudo-foam got its name from its characteristic color. This mushroom is not poisonous, but it is not eaten. Its distinctive feature is the yellowish plate. The flesh is quite dense, and the taste is bitter;
• The sulfur-yellow false foil is a poisonous member of the family; it can be distinguished by green plates and sulfur-yellow pulp and cap;
• Galerina bordered, similar to the seroplate pseudo-foil, in general, is very dangerous, as it is deadly poisonous. It is distinguished by brown plates and rusty spore powder.
• Summer honey fungus differs from gray lamellar false foam in light pulp. His plates range from fawn to gray at different ages. There is no unpleasant smell or bitterness.

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Description of seroplate pseudo-foam

The cap of this type of mushroom has a diameter of 2-8 cm. Its color depends on the moisture and age of the mushroom body: in dry mushrooms it is light yellow with a rich center, in wet mushrooms it is light brown. There is a whitish film on the plates.

In adult mushrooms, the cap evens out, and its shade changes to orange-brown with dark blotches. At the same time, the film breaks down and hangs on the body in the form of whitish flakes. In wet weather, the surface of the cap becomes sticky.

Gray-lamellar pseudo-foam can have a straight or slightly curved stem, on which there are practically no rings. Its upper part is colored light yellow, and the lower part is brown.

The flesh of the mushroom cap is thin, white or light yellow, almost odorless. However, old mushroom bodies are distinguished by a pronounced odor of moisture. Spores are gray-blue in color.

Honey mushrooms

If in August there is a peak in the collection of tubular mushrooms, then in September only have time to send plate and, above all, autumn mushrooms to baskets and baskets. A whole army of mushroom pickers is looking forward to the season of their collection, because it is known that it is these mushrooms that give the maximum harvest by weight. Autumn mushrooms can first appear in separate places - on stumps and fallen trees, or they can grow immediately in huge forest areas. For the first two to three days, they are tiny, the size of a match and a pinhead. On the fourth day, they can become the size of a ruble, and in a week (depending on the subspecies) the diameter of the cap will already be from 2.5 to 7 cm.

Gifoloma bordered: description and photo

Bordered hypholoma is an inedible representative of the Strofariev family. Grows singly or in small families among conifers, on a decaying needle-like substrate. It is rare, bears fruit during the entire warm period. In order not to make a mistake in the choice during mushroom hunting, you need to familiarize yourself with the external characteristics, view photos and videos.

What does the bordered hypholoma look like

Acquaintance with this forest dweller, you need to start with a detailed description. The hat has a hemispherical shape, which straightens as it grows, leaving a slight rise in the center. The surface is matte, ocher-yellow, the edges are painted in lighter colors. The bottom layer is covered with thin light lemon-colored plates. Propagated by black-purple spores. The leg is thin and long.

The mushroom is inedible, causes food poisoning

Where does the bordered hyphaloma grow

Bordered hypholoma is a rare species that grows in single specimens or in small families in coniferous forests. It can also be found on rotten wood, in a needle-like substrate, on the stumps of coniferous trees.

Is it possible to eat hyphaloma bordered

Bordered hyfoloma belongs to the inedible category. Causes gastric poisoning when eaten. Therefore, in order not to harm yourself and your loved ones, you need to know the description and carefully look at the photo.

Gifoloma bordered, like any inhabitant of the forest, has similar twins. Such as:

1. Poppy - belongs to the 4th group of edibility. You can recognize this specimen by a small ocher-yellow cap, smoky plates, a thin long leg of a yellowish-whitish color. Light buffy pulp has a pleasant taste and aroma. Grows in large families on stumps, rotten coniferous wood. Fruiting is long, from May to the first frost.

Suitable for cooking fried and stewed dishes

Despite the bitter taste, the mushroom is used in cooking.

If the hypholoma, bordered by negligence, fell on the table, then it is necessary to recognize the signs of poisoning in a timely manner and provide first aid

Poisoning symptoms

Bordered Gifoloma is an inedible representative of the forest kingdom. Causes gastric poisoning when consumed. First signs:

• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• epigastric pain;
• cold sweat;
• hypotension;
• constriction of the pupils;
• labored breathing.

First aid for poisoning

The reaction to toxins appears 1-2 hours after eating. If at least one sign appears, you need to immediately call a medical team and start first aid:

1. Lay the patient down, release from the squeezing clothes.
2. Open the vents for fresh air.
3. Induce vomiting by giving the victim plenty of water.
4. Give absorbents according to instructions.
5. If there is no diarrhea, use a laxative.
6. Put a warm heating pad on the stomach and limbs.

Conclusion

Bordered Gifoloma is an inedible forest dweller that grows among conifers. Since the mushroom is not eaten, you need to know the external data and, when meeting with it, do not pluck, but pass by.

Gray lamellar honey fungus: where false mushrooms grow

Seroplate false honey fungus belongs to the conditionally edible group of mushrooms and belongs to the Stropharia family. Its Latin name is Hypholoma capnoides. Mushroom pickers are also called poppy or pine false foams.

Description of seroplate pseudo-foam

The cap of this type of mushroom has a diameter of 2-8 cm. Its color depends on the moisture and age of the mushroom body: in dry mushrooms it is light yellow with a rich center, in wet mushrooms it is light brown. There is a whitish film on the plates.

In adult mushrooms, the cap evens out, and its shade changes to orange-brown with dark blotches. At the same time, the film breaks down and hangs on the body in the form of whitish flakes. In wet weather, the surface of the cap becomes sticky.

Gray-lamellar pseudo-foam can have a straight or slightly curved stem, on which there are practically no rings. Its upper part is colored light yellow, and the lower part is brown.

The flesh of the mushroom cap is thin, white or light yellow, almost odorless. However, old mushroom bodies are distinguished by a pronounced odor of moisture. Spores are gray-blue in color.

Where grow

Most often, gray mushrooms are found in the Northern Hemisphere, in regions with a temperate climate. They grow in forests with conifers, but sometimes they can also be seen in mixed woodlands. Among deciduous trees, poppy pseudo-froth rarely grows.

In most cases, these fungal bodies are found on tree stumps, rotting tree trunks and roots in lowlands and hills. Mushroom pickers collect them from early summer to late autumn, but the peak of ripening of fruit bodies occurs in September-October. False heaps prefer to settle in large clusters, single fruiting bodies rarely grow.

Some varieties of fungi form a symbiosis (mycorrhiza) with plants, and the gray-lamellar type pseudo-weavers act as symbiotes. Their myceliums go deeper into the root system of plants and provide constant nutrition to the fungal bodies.

For plants, this union is also useful, since the roots of false hoofs deliver minerals from the soil to their rhizomes. As a result, the pines grow tall and powerful. However, if gray mushrooms grow on unhealthy trees, then the latter die.

How do they reproduce

Like other types of mushrooms, gray-lamellar mushrooms reproduce through spores and have a smooth surface and an elongated shape. The spore powder has a deep purple or gray-blue color.

Disputes are recorded on the plates. They spread over the terrain with the help of the wind. After the spore hits the surface of the earth, it begins to actively form mycelium.

Edibility of honey fungus

Sulfur-lamellar mushrooms are considered conditionally edible. Most of the mushrooms in the Strophariacea family are poisonous, but some types, including the gray puffins, can be used as food, but only after careful processing.

To taste, this subspecies belongs to the fourth category. False foam is added to various culinary dishes, but before that it must be boiled for 15 minutes. At the same time, mushroom bodies can be dried, pickled and made on their basis mouth-watering pickles. Gray honey mushroom is characterized by a pleasant and mild taste and aroma.

It is advisable to eat young fruiting bodies for food, because old mushrooms have an unpleasant odor. In this case, it is recommended to collect only the caps of the mushrooms, since their legs are too hard.

Similar species

This type of mushroom can be confused with other members of the Gifoloma genus. Most similar species:

1. Brick red false froth. This mushroom got this name for its specific color. The fruit body is not poisonous, however, it is not customary to eat it. The peculiarity of the brick-red variety is that its plates are yellow in color. The pulp is dense and bitter in taste, so dishes made from brick-red honey mushrooms are not particularly appetizing.

When collecting seroplate false mushrooms, you should exercise maximum vigilance, because eating poisonous mushrooms similar to it can lead to extremely undesirable health effects.

Autumn honey agaric, mustard form (Armillaria mellea, f. Sinapina)

Season: August-October.

Autumn honey agaric, mustard form

Habitat: coniferous and mixed forests, on coniferous wood, grow in huge groups.

Description of the species:

• cap 3-8 cm in diameter, at first round-convex, later prostrate, sometimes with a tubercle in the middle. A mustard-colored hat with numerous small brownish scales is considered a distinctive feature of the species. The edges of the cap are first folded inward, later flattened, striped. In young specimens, the cap is connected to the stem by a white film, which, as the fungus grows, remains a ring in the upper part of the stem;
• stalk 4-10 cm high and 5-12 mm thick, dense, cylindrical, slightly widening at the base. The second distinctive feature of the species is the color of the leg: mustard, but not as even as on the cap, lighter zones are on top, and denser and darker zones at the base. A well-defined whitish ring with a fringed edge is located in the upper part of the leg;
• the pulp is dense, thin-fleshy, white, does not change color at the break, with a pleasant smell and taste;
• the plates are adherent, slightly descending along the pedicle, thin, of medium frequency, whitish-yellowish in young specimens, brownish in maturity, often covered with rusty spots.

Variability: the cap can be bright mustard, but it is also light yellow-brown in dry weather, in damp and cold weather, its color darkens to mustard-brown.

Similarity to inedible species: This honey fungus is similar to a gray-lamellar pseudo-froth (Hypholoma capnoides), which is distinguished by much more frequent plates of gray or gray-brown color with an unpleasant odor.

Edible: belong to the 3rd category.

Cooking methods: drying, boiling, pickling, salting.

September is surprisingly rich in mushrooms

Hiking in a fabulous autumn forest warms the soul and creates a wonderful mood that remains long after a walk, so many families go mushroom hunting. So what to send in the basket in the first place, how to recognize royal mushrooms for pickling among many others?

Recall that the classification of the nutritional value of mushrooms can be found in the publication Caution, mushrooms! The Golden Rules of the Silent Hunt