Mushroom false valui (gummy sticky)

False doubles

The sticky hebeloma has several sibling species. They all belong to the same genus and are poisonous, inedible:

Coal-loving differs from Glueka Gebeloma in its small size, in the dark color of the cap, and most importantly - it loves to grow in the scorched areas of the forest, hence its name. This species is just as poisonous as the gummy one.

A belted gebeloma has a dark, often brown cap, but its stem is thinner. Unlike the sticky and coal-loving hebeloma, this type of fungus is not so poisonous. It even has good diuretic and diaphoretic properties, but still it is not worth collecting: it is too similar to its poisonous counterparts. Only an experienced specialist can correctly identify the species.

In mustard, the plates are more rare, the cap is not so sticky, it is slightly larger in size. Similar toxicity to gummy hebeloma.

There are a number of edible mushrooms that Gummy Gebeloma looks like. It is often confused with russula (Rússula) or champignon (Agaricus), as well as with valay (Russula foetens), hence the name of the mushroom - “false valui”.

The real Valui is also called the "stinking russula", and it really belongs to this family, while the Gebeloma belongs to a completely different genus. Unlike valuy, the leg of the gebeloma is covered with scales, while its leg is completely smooth.

While it is warm in the forest, the pungent unpleasant smell that distinguishes the false valui from the noble mushrooms is well felt, and mushroom pickers can easily identify the poisonous one. If it starts to get colder in November, then the smell is almost imperceptible, then you can make a mistake with the choice. Most often this happens with inexperienced mushroom pickers.

Beneficial features

While valuei is considered by many to be unremarkable, inedible mushrooms, when properly cooked, they are not only tasty but also healthy. Fruit bodies contain a lot of protein, which gives them healthy nutritional value, makes them suitable for consumption by people who want to lose weight, as well as with increased physical exertion. Proteins are similar in composition to meat proteins and include essential amino acids - tyrosine, leucine, arginine.

The presence of vitamins and minerals has a positive effect on metabolic processes, the work of the hematopoietic organs, and the nervous system. The substance ergothioneine is found in the tissues, which has pronounced antioxidant properties, inhibits the development of cancer cells, and has an anti-inflammatory and rejuvenating effect.

Moderate inclusion of mushroom dishes in food will help eliminate cholesterol, normalize blood sugar levels, stabilize blood pressure, relieve fatigue syndrome, and give strength and vigor.

Doubles of hebeloma adhesive

In the Webinnikov family, there are about 25 genera and more than 1000 species. Among such a variety, Hebeloma sticky has many twins similar to it. The most common are three types.

Coal-loving Gebeloma

Prefers to grow on forest fire sites. It is smaller than the false value. The diameter of the cap does not exceed 2 cm, and the length of the stem is 4 cm. Another important difference is the color. The color of the cap is brown in the center, white and yellow around the perimeter.

Gebeloma coal-loving is covered with mucus throughout the entire life cycle

This mushroom is not poisonous, but it is inedible due to its bitter taste. At the same time, the smell of the pulp is pleasant.

Gebeloma belted

It has a hat with a diameter of up to 7 cm and a relatively long stem - up to 9 cm. The color practically repeats the color of the false false, only the old specimens have differences (the hebeloma belted has a light brown tint). The growing areas of the varieties almost completely coincide.

The main difference to be guided by when identifying this species is the thinner layer of pulp on the cap.Another important difference is the light hymenophore. It does not form dark spots, since the spores of this species are white.

Outwardly, a young hebeloma belted is very similar to Valui false

Until now, there is no unequivocal opinion about the suitability of this species for food, therefore, in the reference books, it is defined as inedible.

Mustard Hebeloma

A large species with a monochromatic cap. Its diameter sometimes reaches 15 cm. The length of the leg varies from 10 to 15 cm. The color is light brown or cream. With age, the mushroom becomes mustard, which is where its name comes from. There are many differences in the species, but the external similarity is manifested due to the shape of the fruiting body. In addition, mushrooms have the same habitat and ripening time.

Mustard gebeloma is larger than false Valui

The main difference is the absence of mucus at any age of the fungus. The skin on the cap is shiny. In addition, this variety has a denser pulp and a leg without a cavity. The smell and taste are identical to the gummy glue. The hymenophore is white, its plates are even, and they have no grooves.

Attention! Mustard Hebeloma - a poisonous mushroom

The danger of mushrooms

Despite the fact that not all types of gebelomas are poisonous, experienced mushroom pickers and doctors do not recommend eating even their conditionally edible comrades. The explanation for this negative attitude towards their use in cooking is simple. It consists in the fact that the differences between different types of gebel are very insignificant, therefore it is very easy to confuse conditionally edible mushrooms with poisonous specimens. Therefore, in order to avoid acute poisoning with Gebel toxins, it is better to refuse to collect them and eat them altogether.

Among the various types of these fungi, mustard hebeloma, inaccessible and coal-loving, can cause acute poisoning. As a rule, death does not occur when they are eaten by healthy people, however, acute disorders of digestion and cardiac activity can be observed.

If the victim has severe heart disease, gastrointestinal tract or kidney disease, the use of poisonous gebel can provoke a significant deterioration in their health and lead to death as a result of acute failure of the affected organs.

Valuy false, or horseradish mushroom (Hebeloma crustuliniforme)

Poisonous and inedible mushrooms

Valuy false, or Hebeloma sticky (Latin Hebelóma crustulinifórme) is a fungus of the genus Hebeloma of the Spiderweb family, according to other sources of the Strophariaceae family. In English, the mushroom is called "poison pie". The Latin name of the species comes from the word crustula - "pie", "crust". The popular name for sticky gebeloma is value false, or horseradish mushroom. In general, many types of gebel are called horseradish mushrooms, but sticky most often. This name is "talking", as it communicates the smell of the mushroom. These are quite common mushrooms that can be found under oaks, birches and aspens... They grow on forest edges, fields, meadows and along roads. Forms mycorrhiza with various trees, grows in meadows and forest glades, on the soil in coniferous and deciduous forests, gardens, parks. Fruiting in clusters, often rings. Season August - November, in places with mild winters, it can also be found in winter.

The mushroom is poisonous. Symptoms of poisoning are vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps, which appear several hours after consumption. The toxic substances of the fungus have not yet been identified.

The hat is 4-9 cm in diameter, at first hemispherical or rounded-conical with a turned edge, then opens to a flat one with an uneven surface and a tubercle in the center. The skin is smooth and slightly sticky, light yellow or yellowish brown, lighter at the edges.

The cap in the center is darker, first cushion-convex, then flat-convex with a wide tubercle, slimy, later dry, smooth, shiny. The color of the cap can be from off-white to hazel, sometimes brick red.The surface of the cap is slightly uneven; a small tubercle is visible in the central part. The skin of the cap is smooth and slightly sticky. In mature specimens, the caps dry out, and the mucus disappears. The color of the cap is yellow-brown. The color of the cap can be from off-white to hazel, sometimes brick red. The edges of the cap are lighter.

The pulp is compact, relatively soft, white, with a bitter taste and an unpleasant smell of radish or raw potatoes, and the taste is bitter. The plates are arranged frequently. At first they are white, and then they become ocher or gray-brown. The edges of the plates are always lighter. Sometimes, small transparent droplets can be seen on the plates. This clear liquid contains mature pores that give dark spots when dry. The shape of the spores is almond-shaped. The color of the spore powder is ocher brown.

The leg height is 3-8 centimeters, and the diameter is 1-2 centimeters. The leg is cylindrical in shape, at the base it can be thickened. In mature specimens, the legs are hollow inside. The color of the leg is white or yellow-brown. The upper part of the leg is covered with a coating that can be easily erased.

Gebeloma inaccessible: is it possible to eat, description and photo

Gebeloma inaccessible is a common lamellar mushroom of the Hymenogastric family. The fruit body has a classic shape with a pronounced cap and stem. This species prefers to grow in moist soils. The official name is Hebeloma fastibile.

What does hebeloma inaccessible look like?

The cap in young specimens is hemispherical, but as it grows it becomes prostrate, slightly depressed in the center. Its diameter reaches from 4 to 8 cm. The surface is mucous. There is a fibrous fringe along the edge of the cap. The upper part of the gebeloma is inaccessible to an initially reddish hue, and whitens when ripe. On the reverse side there are wide rare plates of a whitish shade.

The leg of the inaccessible hebeloma is cylindrical, often spindle-shaped with a thickening at the base. Its height reaches 6-10 cm, and its thickness is 1.5-2 cm. White scales can be seen on the upper part. In young mushrooms, the leg has a dense consistency, but becomes hollow during the ripening period. It has a barely noticeable flaky ring. The shade of the lower and upper parts of the mushroom is identical.

Disputes in hebeloma are of an inaccessible oval or elliptical shape. Their size is 7.4-10.4 x 4.5-6.3 microns.

Where Gebeloma grows inaccessible

This species grows everywhere on moist soil, less often on rotting wood. Inaccessible gebele can be found in coniferous, deciduous forests, and in mixed plantings. And also it can grow in a park area, a public garden and an abandoned garden in the presence of favorable conditions for growth.

The ripening period begins at the end of August and lasts all September. Gebeloma inaccessible grows in group plantings.

This species grows throughout the European part of Russia, the Far East and Siberia.

Is it possible to eat the inaccessible gebel

This species belongs to the category of poisonous mushrooms due to the high content of toxins that cause disorders of the digestive system and disrupt cardiac activity. With the provision of timely medical care, recovery occurs 2-3 days after poisoning.

Poisoning symptoms

Signs of intoxication of the body can manifest themselves in different ways, depending on the state of human health, the amount of mushrooms eaten.

Common symptoms of inaccessible gebeloma poisoning:

• nausea;
• bouts of vomiting;
• pain in the abdomen;
• loose stools;
• visual impairment;
• headache;
• high temperature;
• low pressure;
• general weakness.

With a slight deterioration in well-being, unpleasant symptoms persist for 2-3 days and go away on their own. In severe cases, urgent medical attention and hospitalization are required.

First aid for poisoning

With a significant deterioration in health after eating mushrooms, you need to immediately call an ambulance.

While waiting for the doctor, you need to induce vomiting to clear the stomach of the remains of questionable food. Then drink activated charcoal at the rate of 1-2 tablets for every 10 kg of weight. And if possible, do an enema.

Conclusion

Gebeloma inaccessible is a dangerous mushroom that is recommended to be avoided. Therefore, you should learn to distinguish between edible and poisonous species so as not to harm your health.

In case of doubt, it is better to refuse to collect mushrooms, and if alarming symptoms of poisoning appear, provide first aid to the patient.

Contraindications to use

Fungal tissues are able to absorb not only valuable minerals - manganese, calcium, phosphorus, but also salts of heavy metals, as well as toxins, turning into an inedible or even harmful product. When picking mushrooms, you need to make sure that the area is clean, away from industrial enterprises, busy roads and landfills.

Insufficiently soaked or improperly cooked values ​​can cause stomach discomfort, colic, and nausea. You should not abuse any mushroom dishes for people prone to hypertension, gastritis, hepatitis, pancreatitis or dysfunction of the gallbladder.

Toxicity of hebeloma sticky

This is a poisonous mushroom. The toxicity of hebeloma sticky is extremely high. When poisoning with these mushrooms, after a few hours, symptoms such as abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhea appear. But scientists have not succeeded to date to identify the toxins that make up the gummy hebeloma.

Other hebelomas

Gebeloma inaccessible is widespread in Siberia and the Far East. The diameter of her cap is 4-8 centimeters. The shape of the cap is prostrate, depressed in the central part. The cap is slimy, while the edge is fluffy. The color is reddish, later becomes whitish. The leg is often twisted, to the base it becomes wider. There are white scales at the top of the stem. The leg is 6-10 centimeters long and 1.5-2 centimeters thick.

Gebelomas grow inaccessible in different forests, on different soils. They can also be found in gardens, squares and parks. The fruiting season is August-September. These are poisonous mushrooms, their toxic substances can cause health problems, in rare cases, even death occurs, but most often recovery occurs after 2-3 days.

Gebeloma belted or brown-mediated gebeloma has a cap with a diameter of 4-9 centimeters. The shape of the cap can be from broadly conical to almost flat, with a tubercle in the central part. The skin of the mushroom is a little sticky. The color of the cap is chestnut brown, lighter at the edges. The leg height is 4-7 centimeters, and the diameter is 0.5-1 centimeters. The leg can be straight or curved, at the base it is slightly widened. The leg is hollow inside. The color of the leg is whitish, and brown at the base.

Gebeloma belted forms mycorrhiza with coniferous and deciduous trees. Groups of these mushrooms can often be found under birches in gardens and parks. The peak of fruiting is from summer to autumn. Gebeloma belted is edible, but it should not be eaten due to the complexity of the definition.

The coal-loving Gebeloma has a relatively small cap - its diameter does not exceed 2 centimeters. While the mushroom is young, the cap resembles a hemisphere, but as it matures, it will stop flat. The hat is naked and slimy to the touch. In the central part there is a yellow-brown tubercle, the edges are lighter. The leg length is 2-4 centimeters. The leg is very thin - its diameter does not exceed 0.5 centimeters. The shape of the leg is cylindrical, the base is wider. The leg is entirely covered with a bloom of a light ocher hue. The remains of the bedspread are well pronounced.

Coal-loving Gebeloma grows on the remains of coal that remain after fires or fires, hence the name. These mushrooms bear fruit in August. They are widespread in Asia and Europe, found in the Magadan region, Tatarstan and the Khabarovsk Territory. It is a poisonous mushroom that causes poisoning.

Root gebeloma, or tapered, or rooted, or rooting has a cap with a diameter of 8-15 centimeters. The shape of the cap is semi-convex. The color of the cap is gray-brown, while the edges are lighter in comparison with the central part. The surface of the cap is covered with large scales. The leg length is 10-20 centimeters. The leg is often curved, expanding at the base. A distinctive feature of this hebeloma is a long root process, from which the mushroom got its name. The color of the leg is light gray. The surface of the leg is dotted with flakes, which slide downward with age.

Root Gebeloma occurs from August to October. These mushrooms grow in various types of forests, they form mycorrhiza with deciduous trees. They can often be found in places with damaged upper soil - ditches, holes, holes. In good years, gebelomas can come across in numerous groups, and sometimes they do not bear fruit at all. This mushroom is not poisonous, but it is not considered edible either.

LAT Hebeloma crustuliniforme Inedible Synonyms: Hebeloma crustiform, Valui false, Hebeloma crustiform, Horseradish mushroom, Agaricus crustuliniformis, Agaricus ossa, Hylophila crustuliniformis, Hylophila crustuliniformis var. crustuliniformis, Hebelomatis crustuliniformis

Specifications:

Systematics:

Video about value mushrooms

The appetizing stalwart Valui received several popular nicknames - he is a bull, and a fist, and a kulb, and a sulb. The presence of so many affectionate names is a sign of attentiveness and universal recognition of the value of the species. A knowledgeable mushroom picker will not ignore the light hats of the Valuev, and many are specifically looking for elastic young mushrooms covered with thick mucus, deservedly considering them the best for pickles and marinades.

The Valui mushroom got the name "goby" for its "steepness". With a fair amount of imagination, you can compare this gift of the forest with a scowling calf stubbornly peeking out of the forest thickets and seemingly offended for being ignored most often. In the meantime, valui are great for pickling or pickling, however, before that they need to be soaked for a long time to remove the bitterness.

Description of a false value with a photo

Look carefully at the photo of the false value (gebeloma). As you can see, it is quite difficult to distinguish this rather strong and edible mushroom in appearance. He successfully disguises himself as the russula types we are used to.

From the description of the false value, one can single out the main characteristics of its appearance and structure. This is a massive, strong cap that can grow up to 10 cm in diameter during the entire growing season. As a rule, in a large colony, you can immediately find a variety of specimens in which the cap sizes will range from 2 to 8 cm. Older specimens have a cracked cap surface. As it ages, the mushroom literally crumbles into dust.

The outer surface of the cap has a convex shape. Covered with a thin, smooth film of light brown color with a yellowish tint. A darker spot can be seen in the center.

On the reverse side of the cap, wide massive plates with a brown tint are visible. Dark spots are clearly visible on them. In wet weather, in place of these spots, accumulations of liquid form, which are easy to detect in the form of water droplets with the naked eye.When the spore powder matures, peculiar brown furrows are formed.

When the cap breaks, white flesh with a creamy tint is visible. The taste is unpleasant, bitter. It emits a characteristic smell of horseradish or rotten radish.

The stem of the mushroom is strong and hollow inside. Milky liquid is not released on the cut. The color of the leg is white, cream. The maximum length reaches 7 cm. It can be covered with a thin layer of light scales.

In contrast to edible types of mushrooms, false Valui is never affected by pests and is never wormy.

False values ​​and doubles

Valui look like many noble mushrooms - russula, boletus and even porcini. Such confusion is not dangerous and, having figured it out, you can prepare a dish from all these types, processing each separately. But the situation becomes much worse, it is worth, out of inexperience, to confuse the light hats of the Valuev with a yellow fly agaric, which is extremely poisonous, or hebeloma sticky, which can cause digestive disorders, suffocation and nervous phenomena.

Amanita, straw yellow

Amanita, straw yellow

Convex caps are small, up to 12 cm in diameter, light yellow or brownish, later become flat, the skin is smooth, often with white dots or warts. The leg is high, up to 15 cm tall, creamy, tuber-like thickened at the base, you can see the remains of the vulva. The cuff is poorly developed, in the form of thin films.

The plates are creamy, sometimes yellowish, frequent. The pulp is tasteless, loose, with a barely audible smell of radish. Grows in coniferous and deciduous-coniferous forests, preferring sandy soils, from late spring to early autumn. Amanita is distinguished by its smell, the presence of warts or spots on the cap, a thickened base and a soft pulp structure.

Poisoning does not affect immediately - it can take up to 48 hours, the characteristic signs are dizziness, hallucinations, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. For any such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Hebeloma sticky (false value)

Hebeloma sticky (false value)

Fruit bodies are light, with a hemispherical cap, which later becomes flat. The skin is creamy white, sometimes light brown, covered with mucus, then smooth, fibrous. The leg is even, up to 8 cm high, hollow, the surface is mealy or covered with scales.

The plates are creamy yellowish, in old specimens with a brown tint. The pulp is fleshy, creamy or brownish, very bitter with a characteristic strong odor, reminiscent of radish or horseradish. It is the pungent smell, as well as scales on the leg, that are the hallmarks of this poisonous mushroom.

Gebeloma sticky grows in meadows, forest glades under trees of various species, often in large families, forming peculiar rings. You can see these mushrooms from late summer to severe frosts, and sometimes during thaws.

A very poisonous species causes digestive disorders - nausea, vomiting, gas formation, painful colic; nervous phenomena - headaches, weakness, tingling in the fingers. In case of poisoning with gebeloma, urgent medical attention is needed.

Edible species are distinguished from valuey by the following characteristic features:

• in porcini and boletus mushrooms - tubules, and in valuyi plates;
• almond russula is characterized by a nut or bitter almond aroma;
• in the Morse russula, buffy-colored plates with lilac-brown edges, the smell is weak, nutty.

White mushrooms

Boletus

Almond russula

Russula morse

Hebeloma tapered (Hebeloma radicosum)

Other names:

• Rooted hyfoloma
• Gifoloma rooting
• Agaricus radicosus

Hebeloma tapered or tapered (Latin Hebeloma radicosum) is a fungus of the Hebeloma genus of the Strophariaceae family. Previously, the genus belonged to the families Cortinariaceae and Bolbitiaceae. It is inedible due to its low taste, sometimes it is considered a low-value conditionally edible mushroom, suitable for consumption in limited quantities in combination with other mushrooms.

Root hebeloma hat:
Large, 8-15 cm in diameter; already in his youth takes on a characteristic "semi-convex" shape, which he does not part with until very old age.The color of the cap is gray-brown, lighter at the edges than in the center; the surface is covered with large, non-flaking scales of a darker color, which makes it appear "pockmarked". The pulp is thick and firm, whitish, with a bitter taste and almond aroma.

Plates:
Frequent, loose or semi-adherent; the color varies from light gray in youth to brown-clayey in adulthood.

Spore powder:
Yellowish brown.

Root hebeloma stem:
Height 10-20 cm, often curved, widening at the soil surface. A characteristic feature is a long and relatively thin "root process", from which the Hebeloma tapered and got its name. Color - light gray; the surface of the leg is densely covered with "trousers" of flakes, which slide down with age.

Spreading:
Occurs from mid-August to early October in forests of various types, forming mycorrhiza with deciduous trees; often hebele root can be found in places with damaged topsoil - in grooves and pits, near rodent burrows. In good years for oneself, it can come across in very large groups, in unsuccessful years, it can be absent altogether.

Similar species:
The large size and characteristic "root" do not allow confusing Hebeloma radicosum with any other species.

Edibility:
Apparently inedible, although not poisonous. Bitter flesh and the inaccessibility of "experimental material" do not allow any serious conclusions to be drawn on this score.

Remarks The mushroom is, without any exaggeration, magnificent. Huge, fleshy, dense and firm growing. Mushroom-extrovert: he climbs to get acquainted with the mushroom picker and does not dispose to delusions at his own expense. It's good that he is useless - if only they could see him, if someone needed him.

Gebeloma belted

Taxonomy on Wikisource

Images at Wikimedia Commons

Gebelome belted lat Hebelóma mesophaéum - a mushroom of the genus Hebeloma Hebeloma of the family Spiderweb Cortinariaceae Previously, the genus was attributed to the families Strophariaceae Strophariaceae and Bolbitiaceae Bolbitiaceae Edible, but we do not recommend it for consumption due to difficulties in determining

• Agaricus fastibilis subsp mesophaeus Pers, 1828 basionym
• Inocybe mesophaea Pers P Karst, 1879
• Agaricus mesophaeus Pers Fr, 1838
• Inocybe versipellis var mesophaeus PersS Petersen, 1911

Descriptionedit | edit code

Hat 4-9 cm in diameter, from broadly conical to almost flat, with a tubercle Slightly sticky skin, chestnut brown in the center, lighter towards the edges

The pulp is thin, soft, whitish or light brown, brownish in the lower part of the leg, with a bitter taste and a rare odor

The leg is 4-7 cm high and 0.5-1 cm in diameter, straight or curved, hollow, the base is slightly widened The color of the leg is whitish, brown in the lower part

Plates are frequent, adherent with a tooth, pinkish-brown

Remains of veils In young mushrooms, the plates are covered with a cobweb blanket by a cortina, which sometimes leaves a light brown annular zone in the middle of the stem; white scraps can also be noticeable along the edges of the cap

Brown spore powder, spores 9 × 5.5 μm, almond-shaped, linear-folded

Ecology and distributionedit | edit code

Forms mycorrhiza with various trees, occurs in coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests, often under birches, in parks and gardens, in places with grassy cover Sometimes occurs in wildfires Fruiting in groups

Season late summer - autumn

Literature edit code

• Mushrooms: A Handbook / Per s Italian F Dvin - M: "Astrel", "AST", 2001 - C 159 - ISBN 5-17-009961-4
• Lesso T Mushrooms, key / lane from English L V Garibova, SN Lekomtseva - M: "Astrel", "AST", 2003 - C 93 - ISBN 5-17-020333-0
• Harding P Mushrooms / Translated from English by DS Shchigel - M: "Astrel", "AST", 2002 - C 128 - ISBN 5-17-011765-5
• Serzhanina GI Hat mushrooms of Belarus - Minsk: Science and technology, 1984

Gebeloma belted Comments

Gebeloma belted beatiful post thanks!

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