Lumpy scale
This fungus genus of phyolites, rich in "relatives", includes more than 150 species. Almost all of them are inedible due to their inherent bitter taste, and in some species, poisons are also noted.
One of the representatives of a large family, lumpy scaly, has not yet been fully studied, so, having met her in the forest, it is better to pass by. But how do you recognize her?
Lumpy scaly (Pholiota tuberculosa)
Lumpy scales - lat. Pholiota tuberculosa
This mushroom has no other names among the people. Unless they are sometimes confused with voles or field voles, which also belong to the tropharia family. But in scientific circles, Pholiota tuberculosa can also be found under other names:
- Pholiota curvipes
- Agaricus tuberculosus
- Pleuroflammula tuberculosa
- Dryophila tuberculosa
- Dryophila curvipes
- Hypodendrum tuberculosum
Mushroom cap
From the very beginning, the cap of tuberous scales has a convex shape with edges tucked inward. And when it reaches maturity, the edges of the cap are straightened, but it itself acquires a prostrate shape with a slight tubercle in the middle. In older specimens, the edge can even bend upwards and even break.
The diameter of the cap on average varies between 1-4.5 cm, however, mushrooms with smaller or larger caps from 5 mm to 5 cm in diameter can be found.
The surface of the cap is dry, covered with soft reddish brown or golden brown scales. A residual velum band is clearly visible along the edge of the cap - the bedspread.
The color of the cap, as well as the whole body of the mushroom, is reddish-yellow in any period of its growth.
The lumpy scale has a lamellar hymenophore. The plates themselves are quite wide. And if at the very beginning of the growth of the fungus the plates, covered with a private veil, have a color close to white, then in the process of growing up the veil breaks and disappears, and the color of the plates becomes brown-yellow, often with dark, like rusty specks.
Stipe
The brown-yellow or reddish-yellow cylindrical stem corresponds to the color of the entire body of the mushroom. Only above the annular zone, which quickly disappears, is there a whitish bloom against the background of the main yellow shade.
The structure of the stem is fibrous-felt, and its dimensions do not exceed 3 cm in length and 5 mm in width.
Growing places
Lumpy scales are fungi parasitizing on wood. Their main place of settlement is living and dead trees. However, it is often possible to find such scales on deadwood and stumps, which remain after cutting down a deciduous forest or windbreak.
Most often, the presence of lumpy scales is noted on lindens, birches, aspens, beeches and oaks during the period from August to October.
Edibility
At the moment, there is no reliable data on the edibility of lumpy flake, therefore this mushroom is classified as conditionally edible. However, the yellowish flesh has a bitter taste, which makes this mushroom unattractive to collectors. And the smell of the mushroom is not particularly aromatic.
Similar types and differences from them
The most similar to lumpy scaly is the luminous scaly - Pholiota lucifera. Some authors even consider these species to be the same, and their names are synonyms. However, the luminous scale still has differences in the shape of the cheilocystids and the structure of the pileipellis.
Sticky scales, Pholiota lenta
Cap: 3-8 cm in diameter, shape - from convex to open, often with a blunt central tubercle, accentuated by color. Color - from whitish to clay-yellow, darker in the center; the surface is very slimy even in dry weather, covered with tightly pressed, not always well-visible scales. On the edges of the cap, fragments of a spider web are often left. The flesh of the cap is light creamy, in adult mushrooms it is often watery, with a weak mushroom odor and no particular taste.
Plates: Frequent, adherent, in young mushrooms, light clay, with age, as the spores mature, acquire a rusty brown color. In youth, they were covered with a spider-web private veil.
Spore powder: Brown.
Leg: 4-8 cm in height, 0.3-0.8 cm in thickness, cylindrical, often warped (in accordance with growing conditions), solid or complete, often thickened at the base. In the central part, weakly preserved remnants of a private veil dividing the peduncle into two visual areas: above the ring it is light cream, quite smooth, below it is covered with large white flaky scales. The flesh of the leg is tough, fibrous, rusty-brown at the base, above it is lighter, yellowish.
Distribution: Pholiota lenta - late mushroom, bears fruit from early autumn to regular November frosts in coniferous and mixed forests, on spruce and pine remains, as well as on the soil near stumps; grows in groups, although not as large as representatives of the genus Pholiota of the "honeycomb" type.
Similar species: The very slimy cap and late fruiting are in themselves a guarantee of the uniqueness of the sticky scales. At the same time, as far as can be judged, there is at least one similar type of scale with small, but the same slippery fruit bodies, also bearing fruit rather late; what to do with them is not yet clear.
Edible: Glutinous scales are edible mushrooms, but for obvious reasons they are practically not in demand by connoisseurs of mushroom cooking.
Author's notes: I read about sticky flakes for a long time, thought about it a lot, but in my life I met only a few times, and even then, as it turns out, not hers - small flakes or even hebele, growing in a flock on the edge of a young forest, in dense and matted grass ... The very same sticky flake was not at all the same as it was written about. Quite a respectable mushroom, except that some kind of wet hat. But that's okay, and considering the coming frosts, it's even normal. Another thing is that this flake is taken into such places, under such Christmas trees, where it is not so easy to photograph it, it is just not easy to notice it.
Scaly sticky
Sticky scales - lat. Pholiota lenta
It also has other names - clay-yellow flakes, nozzle, sticky lusk.
Mushroom cap
The cap of sticky scales during the maturation of the fungus undergoes significant changes in its shape. In youth, it is convex, hemispherical, and by the time of ripening it is convex-outstretched with a barely noticeable central tubercle.
The diameter of the cap, depending on age, can vary from three to eight centimeters. The color of all representatives of this type of foliot is almost identical - whitish, clayey with a slight yellowish tinge. However, the central tuberous part is still somewhat darker.
The entire surface of the cap has a slimy coating. Even in dry weather, this sticky shell remains.
The scales inherent in this genus of mushrooms are more pronounced in young mushroom bodies. They are white, flaky, infrequent. In the older generation, these growths are almost invisible at all, since they are tightly pressed to the surface of the cap and are covered with mucus.
Under the cap of young mushrooms, light, frequent adherent plates are hidden. They are covered with a spider-web private veil, which disappears pretty soon, leaving a few scraps on the edge of the cap. By the time of ripening, the plates darken and in aged mushrooms they become brown-brown and often wavy.
Stipe
The leg of sticky scales is predominantly straight, hollow, cylindrical with loose flesh. Only in some specimens can it be curved. Its length is from 4 to 8 cm, and its thickness does not exceed 8 mm.
The coverlet ring almost completely disappears during the maturation of the mushroom. The upper supra-annular part of the stem is light, creamy and smoother, homogeneous. Downward, it begins to darken and closer to the base, the leg has a brown, brown-rusty color. The surface of the leg is covered with rather large tomentose flaky brownish scales.
Sticky scales (Pholiota lenta)
