Rooted
This type of boletus has many different names: deep-rooted, bitter spongy, whitish, stocky. The cap of this boletus is hemispherical (in young species), 5-18 cm in diameter (occasionally reaches 25-28 cm and more). The skin is matte, the color of calcareous soil, sometimes takes on a shade of unripe lime. When squeezed, the cap takes on a coarse blue tint.
The tubes are bright yellow in color. The pores are circular, small, and turn blue with rough contact. The size of the spores is the same as that of the boletus boletus. The spore powder has a golden color. The leg of young eukaryotes resembles a cylinder 5-10 cm high and 3-6 cm long in the section, swollen from the inside. With age, the leg acquires the shape of an ideal cylinder. The color of the leg is bright beige, light turquoise spots are visible at the base. The top of the leg has an uneven mesh, which, with rough contact, takes on a shade of heavenly color. The pulp is very similar in structure to mushroom pulp, but the taste is poor (strong bitterness prevails).
Important! Some pains can affect the function of the liver and destroy its cells, so at the first symptoms of poisoning, you should immediately contact a medical institution for help. This mushroom is rare in European and North American forests.
Prefers to grow at the bases of oak or birch groves. It can be found in summer and autumn, although it often forms mycorrhiza. Boletus rooted according to the description is very similar to satanic pain, however, the latter has an unpleasant odor from under the cap. In some reference books, you can see data that this mushroom is edible. It really does not have in itself toxic substances that are fatal to the human body, but the taste of rooted boletus is bitter, so no one uses it in cooking
This mushroom is rarely found in European and North American forests. Prefers to grow at the bases of oak or birch groves. It can be found in summer and autumn, although it often forms mycorrhiza. Boletus rooted according to the description is very similar to satanic pain, however, the latter has an unpleasant odor from under the cap. In some reference books, you can see data that this mushroom is edible. It really does not have in itself toxic substances that are fatal to the human body, but the rooted boletus has a bitter taste, so no one uses it in cooking.
Learn about pickling and harvesting mushrooms for the winter
First aid for poisoning
Whatever the severity of the poisoning, at the first symptoms they seek qualified help at the nearest medical institution or call an ambulance. At home, help the victim to prevent the spread of toxins, as follows:
- The stomach is washed with a weak solution of manganese. The water should be boiled warm light pink, with a volume of at least 1.5 liters. Divide the solution into five parts, give to drink at intervals of 11-15 minutes. After each intake, induce vomiting by pressing on the root of the tongue.
- They take adsorbent drugs that absorb and neutralize toxic compounds: enterosgel, polysorb, white or activated carbon.
- In the absence of diarrhea, it is artificially caused by irritating laxatives: guttalax or bisacodyl. If there are no drugs, they make an intestinal cleansing enema with warm boiled water with low concentration of manganese.
If there is no high temperature, a heating pad is placed on the legs and on the stomach. Hot chamomile broth or unsweetened tea is given to drink.In the case of a sharp drop in blood pressure, it is normalized with caffeine - this can be a strong cup of coffee or a citramone tablet.
Satanic mushroom: description, where it grows, how dangerous?
The satanic mushroom (Latin Boletus satanas) is not for nothing that it received such a sonorous and ominous name. His cunning lies in his rare ability to imitate his edible relatives. It is difficult for an experienced mushroom picker to confuse "damn mushroom" with edible boletus, popularly known as "white mushroom". You can distinguish the lover of mimicry from the "king of mushrooms" by the reddish color of the legs.
Poisonous boletus
Outwardly, this pretender does not in the least look like a poisonous mushroom. Inexperienced mushroom pickers often mistake it for edible prey. The mushroom is large, thick, it looks like boletus, why not put it in a basket? It belongs to the galaxy of red-colored boletus from the Boletaceae family. These boletus are poorly studied. There are a great many of them, in addition to the satanic mushroom. Its no less poisonous boletus relatives:
- felt;
- pink-skinned,
- purple;
- beautiful;
- Frost;
- Burroughs et al.
Features of the satanic mushroom
A typical representative of the boletus family. Its external data:
- Hat. Differs in massiveness. Reaches a diameter of 20-30 cm. The color of the cap is dull, dim. The shape is cushion-shaped. There are damages and roughness on the cap. The hat, covered with a velvety dense skin, can be gray, olive, beige, cream.
- Tubular part. Its thickness does not exceed 2 cm. It has a rich color range. The tubules go from yellow to blood red, and then turn olive. If damaged, they turn blue.
- Disputes. The color changes from green to olive brown. Size: 10-16x5-7 microns. They have a fusiform-ellipsoidal shape.
- Leg. Like the hat, it is quite massive. The average length of a mature specimen is 15-17 cm. The width is 10 cm. The shape of the leg is oval, or almost a sphere. There is a specific narrowing in the area of connection with the cap. The color is very bright - red, beetroot, orange-crimson. A characteristic feature is the grid pattern.
- Pulp. On the fault it is yellow, cream, beige. At the break, it slowly turns blue. It has a watery structure. The color depends on the living conditions. In specimens grown in the shade, dark and dull shades prevail. Those who grew up in the sun have a brighter and richer palette.
In the video presented, an experienced mushroom picker will show what a satanic pain looks like, and how it differs from an edible porcini mushroom:
Special signs
This representative of the boletus family, aging, acquires a characteristic odor that resembles the stench of carrion or sour products. But the young ones smell much more pleasant - pleasant mushroom and spicy notes are mixed in their trail.
Photo gallery
White mushroom dark bronze
The cap of the dark bronze porcini mushroom is 7-17 (40) cm in diameter, thick-fleshy, initially convex, spherical, becomes prostrate with age; smooth, as it grows, with dimples or wider depressions, located irregularly, but more numerous towards the edge; young basidiomas are characterized by a dark chestnut or even almost black color with areas covered with a whitish bloom, which is a good distinguishing feature; with age, there is a tendency to lighten, and the color changes in spots to an intense chestnut or copper-brown.
The edges of the cap are uneven, straighten with age. The skin is not mucous even when wet, it does not come off. The hymenophore is tubular, adherent to the leg, white or grayish-white, with age, pale yellow or cream, finally, olive-yellow with a brownish tinge, darkens when pressed, and does not turn blue. Tubules up to 2 cm long, thin, shorter closer to the stem, small pores, 3 x 1 mm for young basidiomas, with age - 1 x 1 mm, rounded, then angular.
The stem is 5-12 x 2-4 cm, massive, hard, tuberous or clavate, in mature mushrooms it is cylindrical, usually shorter than the diameter of the cap; slightly wrinkled, hard; from pale pinkish-beige to pale olive-beige or almost white at a young age, at a mature age the color does not change or acquires all kinds of shades from wine-pink to pinkish-brown; at least the upper half of the leg is reticulate, in the upper part the reticulation is almost white, below it becomes brownish.
The flesh of the cap in young mushrooms is firm, homogeneous, with a wine tint; with age it becomes softer, white, with the exception of a yellowish tint above the tubes and wine-pink under the cuticle; the flesh of the leg is homogeneous, slightly darkens on the cut, and does not turn blue; with a pleasant smell, sweetish taste.
Spore powder olive brown. Spores 10-13 (18) x 4-5.5 µm, fusiform, pale buffy, non-sided in profile, smooth, thin-walled, with one or more drops of fat.
White summer mushroom
The cap of the white summer mushroom is 5-20 (25) cm in diameter, initially spherical, then pillow-shaped or convex-prostrate, dry, soft suede, in mature specimens, especially in dry weather, it is covered with cracks, often with a characteristic reticular pattern. The skin does not come off; the color is variable, but more often of light tones: coffee, brownish, grayish-brown, leathery brown, ocher, sometimes with lighter spots. The tubules are up to 1.7 cm long, the pores are round, small, greenish-yellow, olive-green. The leg is 5-15 (20) x 2-5 cm, densely fleshy, initially clavate, then cylindrical, light brown, light coffee, with a whitish over the entire surface, and a brownish mesh pattern below, fluffy, white at the base. The pulp is creamy under the skin, then white, the color does not change on the cut, with a pleasant smell, sweetish taste. The spore powder is yellow-brown.
Birch white mushroom
The cap of the birch porcini mushroom is 7-20 (30) cm in diameter, initially spherical, cushion-shaped, then somewhat prostrate, slightly depressed; smooth, thin-tomentose, fibrous-scaly, mucous in wet weather, dull, dry, yellow-brown, pale ocher when dry, often unevenly colored with lighter streaks. The skin is not removable. The tubules are up to 2 cm long, the pores are round and small. Leg 8-12 (20) x 2-6 (10) cm, densely fleshy, initially tuberous, then stretches and becomes clavate, with a whitish or pale ocher fine mesh pattern in the upper part, sometimes descending almost to the base, whitish, light brownish, does not change color when pressed.
The pulp is fleshy, juicy, in older specimens it is fibrous, white, does not change when cut and when dried, with a pleasant smell, sweetish taste. Spore powder, dirty olive, brownish olive. Spores 9-11 (22) x 3-5 (9) microns, fusiform, ellipsoidal, very variable in shape and size, pale yellowish-greenish.
Borovik le Gal
Not all porcini mushrooms are equally useful: there are such specimens among them that it is better to stay away from them with your basket. Among them is the bright handsome Borovik le Gal, whose beauty will become fatal for those who mistake the mushroom for edible and decide to feast on it. Intestinal disorders after such a meal are guaranteed!
Borovik le Gal
Borovik le Gal - Boletus legaliae
The mushroom, bearing the sonorous name of the mycologist Marcel le Gale, is otherwise called the False Satanic mushroom or the Borovik legitimate.
Mushroom cap
The diameter of the hat of a poisonous boletus reaches 5-15 cm. In young mushrooms, it is convex, later it resembles a half of a ball and opens a little.
It has a smooth surface and a pronounced pinkish-orange color. Whitish or pale yellow flesh, blue when cut, has a pleasant mushroom aroma.
The bottom of the hats is decorated with a tubular layer in the form of 1-2 cm tubes with red pores growing to the stem of the mushroom.
Ripe boletus forms elongated olive-brown spores.
Poisonous boletus pink-skinned
Despite the fact that this type of mushroom is quite rare, cases of poisoning have been recorded. These mushrooms are poisonous both raw and cooked.
A few hours after eating pink-skinned boletus, symptoms of poisoning appear. Most often, sharp pains occur in the abdomen, accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting and fever. With a large amount of mushrooms eaten, convulsions and loss of consciousness may occur.
Fatal outcomes in case of pink-skinned boletus poisoning are practically not observed. All symptoms of poisoning disappear in a few days. But sometimes complications can arise, especially children and the elderly. Therefore, at the first signs of mushroom poisoning, they immediately consult a doctor.
Similar species
The pink-skinned boletus is outwardly similar to the satanic mushroom, they even have the same growing places. However, this particular species is much less common.
Edible members of this genus
Two-colored boletus can be recognized by its pink-red color. The shape of the cap is initially convex, and then becomes wide-spread. The yellow pulp turns blue on the cut. Most of these mushrooms can be seen in North America during the summer months.
Burroughs boletus has a hat with a diameter of 7 to 25 centimeters. Depending on the age, the shape of the cap can be convex or flat; at a young age, the caps are more rounded. The color of the cap can be from any shade of white to gray and yellow-brown. The leg length ranges from 10 to 25 centimeters. These mushrooms are found mainly in the forests of North America. They form mycorrhiza with deciduous and coniferous trees. They grow in groups or in large clusters. In terms of taste, they belong to the 2nd category of edible mushrooms. They are suitable for preparing soups, side dishes, sauces and other dishes.
Boletus royal has a bright red-violet or pink-red cap; with age, the color often becomes paler. The size of the cap is 6-15 centimeters. In young specimens, the cap is convex, and in old ones it can become completely flat. The leg reaches 15 centimeters in length and up to 6 centimeters in width. The color of the leg is yellowish brown. Royal boletus is found mainly in beech forests. They grow in the Caucasus and the Far East. They prefer calcareous and sandy soils. They are collected from June to September. Royal boletus is a good edible mushroom with a dense, fragrant pulp that is highly prized. These mushrooms are cooked and canned.
In this material you can find out about what porcini mushrooms are. Various types of porcini mushrooms are presented, accompanied by brief botanical characteristics. It is worth noting that the porcini mushroom has species that are not suitable for food, they are also presented in the descriptions. Below you can read a general description of porcini mushrooms, which gives an idea of this genus. The presented photos and descriptions of porcini mushrooms include information about the possibility of eating the variety. You can see the types of porcini mushrooms in the photo below, which illustrate all descriptions without exception.
The cap is pillow-shaped, hemispherical or somewhat prostrate, up to 20 cm in diameter, light brown (almost white), brown, brown, violet-brown, olive, naked, slightly sticky, fine-fibrous, becomes slimy, sticky in wet weather.
The hymenophore is tubular, notched, descending, golden, olive, red, less often white. The tubules are densely located, sometimes turn blue from pressing and on the cut, the pores are rounded. The tubule tram is formed from various loose weaves of hyaline or pale hyphae of the bilateral type.
The leg is thick, initially tuberous, then more or less fusiform, white, golden, light brownish, in the upper part with a convex mesh pattern or finely fluffy. The pulp is dense, white, in many species it turns blue at the break. Spores are fusiform, smooth. Spore powder olive, olive-brownish.
