Burroughs boletus: description, distribution, edibility

Burroughs boletus where it grows, what it looks like, is it possible to eat, collection rules, photo

Borovik Burroughs: description and photo

Boletus Burroughs is considered a representative of the Boletov family and the closest relative of the boletus. The specificity of the species is that it reaches enormous sizes, but it is practically never wormy. It grows in small groups and whole families. The official name is Boletus barrowsii.

How Burroughs Boletus Looks

Boletus Burroughs has a traditional fruit body shape

The upper part is large, can reach a diameter of 6-25 cm. The shape of the cap in young specimens is convex, rounded, but as it grows up, it becomes flat. Its surface remains dry even at very high humidity. The color of the cap can vary from light to yellow-brown or gray.

The pulp is dense with a strong mushroom odor. On the cut it is white and does not change it upon contact with air; milky juice is not released at the break.

The Burroughs boletus has a club-shaped leg, which means that it thickens at the very base. Its height reaches 10-25 cm, and its width is 2-4 cm. At the bottom, the surface of the leg is covered with whitish paint, and closer to the cap, a brownish color dominates. There is a light mesh pattern at the top of the key tone. Its structure is dense, longitudinally fibrous, without empty spaces.

This species has a tubular hymenophore, which is likely to be adherent to the lower part or compressed next to it. Its thickness is 2-3 cm, depending on the age of the fungus. Tubes are initially white, but then darken to a yellowish green color. Burroughs boletus spores are olive brown, spindle-shaped. Their size is 12-17 x 4.5-6 microns.

Is it possible to have Burroughs boletus

This species is considered edible. It can be taken both fresh and processed.

Collection and harvesting should be carried out for both young and adult specimens, while the quality of taste does not change during the entire period of growth.

Mushroom flavor qualities

According to its own taste characteristics, Burroughs boletus is inferior to boletus and belongs to the second category. The pulp has a juicy mushroom aroma and a sweetish pleasant taste.

False doubles

In appearance, Burroughs boletus is similar to many of its own relatives, among which there are also toxic ones. Thus, in order to be able to recognize doubles, it is necessary to get acquainted with their distinctive differences.

1. Boletus is attractive. This mushroom is considered inedible because of its own bitterness. Grows in European countries, prefers mixed forests and conifers. The smooth, dry cap has a convex shape with wavy edges. Its color is light gray or beige with a brown peak, the diameter is 10-15 cm. The pulp is light in color, but becomes bluish on the cut. The length of the leg can reach 10-15 cm. The part located at the bottom has a couple of colors: at the top it is lemon, and closer to the base it becomes red-brown. The official name is Caloboletus calopus.

As you grow older, the shade of the red leg may be lost.

The offensive smell of rotting onions occurs only in adult specimens.

Collection rules

Mycelium growth of Burroughs boletus begins early in the spring and lasts until late autumn. The fruiting period begins in June and lasts until the end of August.

Consumption

Before using this mushroom, you need to do some preparatory preparation. It consists in precise washing and also removing adhering foliage and earth. After that, it is recommended to soak the mushrooms in cold salted water for 20 minutes, and then rinse.

On the basis of Burroughs boletus, you can cook various dishes, while its pulp does not darken as a result of thermal processing.

This mushroom can be:

• boil;
• fry;
• extinguish;
• dry;
• marinate;
• canning;
• take fresh.

Conclusion

Burroughs boletus, regardless of the fact that it is insignificantly inferior in taste to boletus, is also considered a valuable species.

However, not a large number of lovers of quiet hunting are able to find it in the wilderness, since it has a rather small area of ​​distribution. Therefore, absolutely not everyone can rightfully evaluate the quality of the fruit.

Where do boletus grow

Boletus belongs to one of the most widespread mushrooms in the world. They can be found all over the globe, except Australia and Antarctica, because their main condition is a temperate climatic zone.

Boletus most often live in coniferous forests (after all, this is where their name comes from), but it is very likely to meet them in mixed and deciduous forests.

You should look for boletus, first of all, under spruce and pine. These mushrooms also like to settle under chestnut, beech, hornbeam and oak. If you're lucky, you can find them in the neighborhood of birches, as well as near juniper thickets. Boletus grows mainly in groups, but there are also single specimens.

The fungus very rarely lives in the tundra and forest-tundra, but in the northern taiga it is possible to collect a large number of excellent boletus. And if on the territory of the forest-steppe these delicious mushrooms come across to mushroom pickers less and less often, then in the steppe they are no longer at all. Also, the fertility of boletus is greatly reduced when moving from lowland forests to mountainous areas.

Types of boletus

The boletus genus includes about 300 species, many of which are edible and even delicious:

brown boletus (Boletus aereus
)

an edible mushroom with a bright brown, brown or almost black cap, up to 17 cm wide. The spherical cap at the beginning of growth becomes almost flat over time. This type of boletus grows in deciduous forests. The dense stem of the mushroom, in the shape of a barrel or cylinder, may be reddish in color. The pulp is white, does not change color. The mushroom grows from late spring to October in deciduous forests of European territory and in North America;

boletus (Boletus appendiculatus
)

an edible mushroom with a brownish-golden or reddish flat cap 7-20 cm wide. The lower part of the mesh leg is strongly pointed. The pulp is light yellow and has a bluish tint; it turns blue on the cut. This boletus grows in mixed European forests from early summer to October;

white oak mushroom, boletus
reticulate
(Boletus reticulatus
)

edible mushroom with a large velvety cap up to 25 cm, having a brown, brown or yellow color. A thick, fleshy, smooth leg of a young individual is covered with thin veins in maturity. Grows from May to mid-autumn in deciduous and mixed forests under beech, oak, chestnut, hornbeam;

white birch mushroom, or spikelet,
(Boletus betulicola
)

edible mushroom, diameter of the cap is 5-15 cm, the skin is smooth or slightly wrinkled, the flesh is white and does not change color when cut. The leg is barrel-shaped, has a whitish-brown color and a white mesh in the upper part;

boletus Burroughs
(Boletus barrowsii
)

edible mushroom. The cap is convex or flat, the flesh is white and does not change color when cut. The leg is white, clavate, with a whitish mesh. Grows in North America in deciduous and coniferous forests;

boletus bicolor
(Boletus bicolor
)

edible mushroom. The hat is pink-red in color, the flesh is yellow and blue at the cut. The leg is in the color of the cap. Grows in the eastern part of North America;

White mushroom
(Boletus edulis
)

edible mushroom. The diameter of the cap is 7-30 cm, usually convex. Skin color is from white to reddish brown. The pulp is white, turns yellow with age, does not change color when cut. The leg of the porcini mushroom is clavate or barrel-shaped, whitish or brownish in color;

Borovik Fechtner
(Boletus fechtneri
)

edible mushroom. The diameter of the cap is 5-15 cm. The pulp is white, it can turn blue in the air. The flesh of the leg may have a reddish tint.The leg is yellow, has a mesh;

Semi-white mushroom, yellow stone
(Boletus impolitus
)

edible mushroom. The diameter of the cap is 5-15 cm. The flesh is white or light yellow. When cut, the color of the pulp does not change. The leg has a thickening at the bottom, rough to the touch. The top of the leg is straw-colored, the bottom of the leg may have a reddish tint.

The healing properties of the mushroom

In addition to being used in cooking, the spikelet is widely used in folk medicine. In terms of the amount of vitamins and nutrients, this mushroom surpasses many other species. It contains antibiotics that destroy Koch's bacilli. It has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. The spikelet eases the condition of a cancer patient during irradiation, when he has vomiting, weakness and pain.

The mushroom contains useful amino acids, vitamins, macro and microelements, animal starch, carbohydrates and proteins. However, vitamins PP and B2 are slightly lower in them than in other forest mushrooms.

This valuable product has beneficial properties, namely:

• stimulates digestion processes;
• helps to recover faster after an illness;
• destroys harmful microbes;
• eliminates inflammation;
• restores hair;
• strengthens nails;
• restores the work of the heart muscles;
• able to thin the blood;
• relieves depression;
• stimulates intellectual activity;
• fights hypovitaminosis.

Infusion of porcini mushroom

Infusion from this mushroom has been used since ancient times for frostbite, wounds and inflammation, pain in the joints. It is necessary to apply a cloth soaked in mushroom medicine to the sore spot 2 times a day. This will help stimulate healing. The infusion is also taken orally.

Recipe:

1. You need to take 2 tablespoons of dried spikelets and pour them into glasses of vodka or alcohol.
2. The infusion should stand for 7 days in a place protected from the sun.
3. They drink the medicine in the morning and in the evening in a teaspoon, which is previously dissolved in 200 ml of water. The course of treatment is 3 weeks. Then you need to take a week break and drink the medicine for another 21 days.

A unique product for strengthening hair can be prepared from white birch mushroom. It is necessary to skip 1 teaspoon of dried spikelets through a meat grinder, add a little burdock oil to them and apply the resulting composition to the roots and along the entire length of the hair. After 15 minutes, the mask is washed off. This procedure should be carried out twice a week.

Dried mushrooms are also useful, from which a medicinal powder is made. It is taken 1 teaspoon three times a day with water. This should be done 30 minutes before eating.

Poisonous and inedible boletus species

A poisonous mushroom that lives in deciduous forests. It can rarely be found under beeches on calcareous soils. It will not be difficult to identify such a boletus by a convex velvet hat, which has uneven edges and a wine tint, with black spots on it. Another distinctive feature of this poisonous mushroom is its dense flesh: on the cut, it initially takes on a blue tint, and then, after a few hours, acquires a dark red color.

This toxic and poisonous mushroom is an inhabitant of European deciduous forests. The orange-pink cap reaches 15 cm in diameter, smooth to the touch, with a light flesh that turns blue at the cut. The toxicity of such a boletus is given by its leg, which is in the same color scheme with the cap, but is covered at the top with a thick and dense red mesh.

Inedibleness gives it a strong bitter taste. It can be found in mixed and coniferous European forests from July to October. The dry and matte cap has a convex shape with wavy edges, predominantly smooth to the touch. The color of the cap is light gray or slightly brown with brown tints, and the circumference is up to 13-15 cm.The light flesh takes on a blue tint at the cut, and the tricolor cylindrical leg reaches 10-15 cm in length and contains changing shades from lemon at the top to red -brown at the bottom.At the same time, it is decorated with a white mesh on top, and red in the center, like the leg itself.

Refers to a poisonous mushroom that grows under conifers in the mixed forests of North America from late summer and throughout the fall. The wide range of the diameter of the cap in the range from 7-8 to 23-25 ​​cm in combination with a sufficiently large stem (up to 12-15 cm in length and 8-10 in thickness) makes this mushroom very noticeable for experienced and just beginning mushroom pickers. Both the cap and the leg are colored brown with a red tint, but the flesh is yellow and on the cut takes on a blue tint. The lower part of the leg is decorated with a reddish-wine mesh.

Poisonous representative of the Borovik genus, which is most widespread in southern European countries, as well as in the Caucasus and the Far East. It prefers to settle in deciduous forests under hornbeam, linden, oak, chestnut and beech from early summer to September. A very wide rounded cap (up to 30 cm) is covered with a very varied color: from whitish yellow and light gray to greenish olive with pink patterns. The light flesh has an unpleasant odor and turns blue or red when cut. The medium-sized leg, reaching 15 cm in length and 7-10 in thickness, has the shape of a barrel or turnip fruit, thickens at the bottom and is colored in passing yellow-red shades, covered with a red mesh. The rather pleasant smell of young mushrooms acquires the smell of rotting onions with age.

Description of boletus pink-purple

The diameter of the pink-purple boletus cap ranges from 5 to 20 centimeters. The shape of a young cap is spherical, later it becomes convex with wavy edges. The skin is velvety and dry, but in rainy weather it is covered with a small layer of mucus.

The color of the pink-purple boletus is uneven: gray or gray-olive with wine, pink or red-brown zones. If you press on the mushroom, then its surface will be covered with dark blue spots. If the fungus is damaged by insects, yellow flesh becomes noticeable.

The tubular layer of this boletus is lemon yellow, and over time it becomes greenish yellow. The pores are small, orange-red or blood-red, and become bluish when pressed. Spore powder, olive brown.

The height of the pink-purple boletus leg reaches 15 centimeters, and its diameter reaches 7 centimeters. The shape of the stem in young mushrooms is tuberous, and later it becomes cylindrical with a clavate thickening. Its color is lemon yellow, there is a dense reddish mesh. When pressed, the mesh turns black or blue.

Young specimens have a tough lemon-yellow flesh. When damaged, the pulp instantly acquires a blue-black color, and after a while it becomes wine-colored. The pulp tastes sweet, and the aroma is slightly sour-fruity.

Places of growth of pink-purple boletus

Pink-purple boletus grows in hilly and mountainous areas. They settle on calcareous soils. They can be found in deciduous and mixed forests. They prefer to coexist with beeches and oaks.

Pink-purple boletus grows in Russia, Europe and Ukraine. They are common in warm climates.

The toxicity of pink-purple boletus

These mushrooms cannot be tasted raw, it is better not to pick them at all, since the poison remains in the undercooked fruit bodies. In general, these are rare mushrooms, which are also poorly understood, so it is better not to experiment with them.

Similarities to other mushrooms

Boletus pink-purple outwardly resembles the inedible satanic mushroom that grows in deciduous forests from June to September. But confusing these two types is not scary, since satanic mushrooms are not eaten. But the situation is different with the ordinary one, similar to the oak tree.

Common oak tree is a good edible mushroom. It grows in deciduous and mixed forests and bears fruit from May to September.

Other boletus

Royal boletus -
edible mushroom.The color of the cap of this mushroom is bright pink pink-purple or violet-red. The skin may have whitish mesh cracks. At first, the cap is convex, and over time it becomes cushion-shaped and can become completely flat. The diameter of the cap is 6-15 centimeters. The leg is long - about 15 centimeters, and thick - up to 6 centimeters in diameter. The color of the leg is yellowish brown.

Royal boletus grows in deciduous and beech forests. In our country, they are common in the Far East and the Caucasus. They are collected from June to September on sandy soils. The flesh of this delicious mushroom is dense and fragrant, therefore it is highly valued.

Boletus mesh -
edible mushroom. He has a large hat - with a diameter of 8 to 30 centimeters, its shape changes from convex to cushion. The skin is slightly velvety, cracks and a characteristic mesh pattern appear in adulthood. The color of the cap is leathery brown, gray-brown or ocher. The leg is massive - up to 25 centimeters high and up to 7 centimeters thick, clavate. Along its entire length, it is covered with a pronounced mesh of a brownish or whitish color.

Boletus reticulated is one of the earliest species - it is found already in May, and fruiting continues until October. These mushrooms grow under beeches, oaks, lindens, edible chestnuts and hornbeams, that is, in deciduous forests. It is mainly found in hilly areas, with a preference for a warm climate. Boletus reticulated - one of the best mushrooms, very aromatic and tasty.

Calorie boletus

Boletus are not only low-calorie foods that allow them to be included in the diet of everyone who is trying to lose weight, but also very useful gifts of the forest: the content of vitamins A, B1, C and D in large amounts, as well as amino acids, sulfur, lecithin, riboflavin and polysaccharides is responsible for the normal functioning of the whole body and, in particular, the thyroid gland, and also helps to fight cancer and strengthens the immune system.

Calorie table (per 100 grams of mushrooms):

• Caloric content …………… .. 22 kcal
• Proteins …………………………. 4.0 g
• Fats …………………………. 1.5 g
• Carbohydrates …………………… 1.1 g
• Water …………………………… 90%

However, one should not forget that excessive enthusiasm for boletus is fraught with a large load on the digestive system, so you need to know the measure so as not to harm your health, but to use these tasty mushrooms for your own benefit and pleasure.

• Boletus is one of the largest mushrooms in the world and is capable of gaining weight up to 3 kg.
• It has been noticed that boletus mushrooms appear in the forest at the same time as fly agarics, therefore, having met a beautiful inedible red mushroom with white peas on the cap in the meadow, you can safely go looking for tasty pains.
• Also, one of the signs of the proximity of the boletus family for mushroom pickers is the discovery of an anthill.

• Dictyopus queletii
  var.
  junquilleus
  Quél.
  basionym

• Boletus erythropus
  var.
  junquilleus
  (Quél.) Bon,

• Boletus pseudosulphureus
  Kallenb.

Growing at home

Growing boletus can have excellent results if you approach this business with all responsibility and diligence. Due to the fact that the boletus grow most favorably under a birch, spruce or pine, with which they form mycorrhiza, before starting to grow mushrooms, it is necessary to plant such trees on a plot of land allocated for this.

There are three ways to achieve great results and delight yourself with the delicious gifts of nature:

1. It is necessary, first of all, to select healthy boletus, without worms and damage, and then chop them thoroughly and soak for 24 hours in clean water. After these manipulations, they must be mixed and filtered. The resulting infusion, which now contains fungal spores, is carefully poured under the above trees.
2. The second method is more complicated, because for its implementation, ready-made land plots with mycelium are used, which are dug out in the forest.Upon arrival home, such a mycelium is placed under the trees in a specially designated place, where shallow pits are first made for the mycelium, which are then covered with forest soil from above. The absence of direct sunlight and moderate watering is the key to success in growing boletus.
3. The third method involves placing caps of overripe mushrooms under the trees, pre-cut into small pieces and mixed with damp earth.

Observing all the subtleties of correct and regular watering, already next year you can harvest the first crop, which at first will consist of single boletus, which, in the future, will certainly acquire families.

Description of Boletus Burroughs

The hat is large and fleshy, its diameter is 7-25 centimeters. The shape of the cap varies from convex to flat, depending on age. At a young age, the caps are more rounded, and as they grow, they straighten. The color of the skin also varies, it can be of any shade from white to gray and yellow-brown. The surface of the cap is dry.

The leg is 10-25 centimeters long and 2-4 centimeters thick. The shape of the leg is clavate. The coloration of the leg is whitish. A whitish mesh is visible on the surface of the leg. The pulp is dense with a pleasant sweetish taste. The smell of the pulp is quite strong, mushroom. The color of the pulp is white, it does not change on the cut.

The hymenophore is tubular, it can be compressed or adherent to the pedicle. The thickness of the tubular layer is about 2-3 centimeters. As we age, the tubules become darker and change from white to yellow-green. Fusiform spores. Spore powder of olive brown color.

Places of growth and fruiting times of Burroughs boletus

These mushrooms are predominantly found in North America. They form mycorrhiza with deciduous and coniferous trees. Burroughs' boletus does not grow in Europe.

These mushrooms bear fruit in summer - from June to August. They grow irregularly, in small groups, but can be found in large clusters.

Nutritional qualities of Burroughs boletus

Outwardly, Burroughs boletus looks like a porcini mushroom, and like a porcini mushroom, it is edible, and quite tasty, but less valuable. By taste, Burroughs boletus belongs to the 2nd category. These mushrooms are suitable for drying, as their pulp contains a small amount of moisture.

Other mushrooms of this genus

Dubovik Kele is a conditionally edible mushroom. The hat has a convex shape, its diameter is 5-15 centimeters. The color of the cap is brown, sometimes yellow-brown. The surface of the cap is matte, velvety, but at high humidity it becomes sticky. The leg is strong in structure, swollen at the base, its height is 5-10 centimeters, and its thickness is 2-5 centimeters. The color of the leg is yellowish, while there are reddish scales. When pressed, the leg instantly turns blue.

Kele oak trees grow in light deciduous forests. They can be found in oak forests, but they are not so common in conifers. These fungi settle on acidic, hard, infertile soils with low grass or moss. Kele's oak trees bear fruit from May to October. They grow in groups.

Kele's oak trees, in principle, can be eaten, but they cannot be eaten raw, since they contain substances that irritate the stomach, which die during heat treatment.

Boletus yellow is an edible member of the family. The diameter of its cap is most often 4-5 centimeters, but in special cases it can reach 16-20 centimeters. In young specimens, the shape of the cap is more convex, but as it grows, it becomes flat. The hat is slightly wrinkled, its color is yellow-brown. In dry weather, the surface of the cap is dull, and in wet weather it becomes covered with mucus. The leg is solid, thick, tuberous. Its height is 4-12 centimeters, and its diameter is 2.5-6 centimeters. The color of the leg is yellow-brown.

Boletus yellow grow mainly in oak and beech forests. They are common in Western Europe and Russia. They bear fruit from July to October. These are edible mushrooms of the 2nd category.They can be eaten fresh, dried and canned.

Borovik: where the mushroom grows, what it looks like

Bronze boletus

This species is found in the forests of Europe, especially in the southern and western parts. Most often it grows in deciduous forests. Loves the neighborhood with trees such as:

Bronze varieties have a cap with a diameter of 5 to 20 cm. Their shape is semicircular. The skin has many cracks of a dark shade. The main color is bronze with a greenish tint. There are dark brown hats. In some varieties, it may even be almost black. Young specimens are distinguished by curved edges.

As they age, the mushrooms acquire a convex top shape. Gradually, it becomes almost flat. On the lower zone, the tubes are white. Gradually they turn yellowish green. The length of the leg varies from 9 to 12 cm. It somewhat resembles a barrel. As they grow older, the leg becomes cylindrical.

Some mushrooms differ in the shape of the top. Its shade is dark brown. But in comparison with the cap, it is much lighter. Her flesh is white. After cutting, the real boletus does not change its color. The aroma is characteristic, intense, mushroom. The taste is also excellent. Gourmets highly value him and even call him the king of mushrooms. They can be:

Mesh and girlish

The first type is also called oak. You can find it in deciduous forests. In most cases, it grows under chestnuts and beeches, sometimes under lindens and birches. Prefers warm climatic zones. The first mushrooms can be found already at the end of May. They grow until October. Description of the boletus reticulum mushroom is characteristic:

• The hat has dimensions from 10 to 25 cm. Initially, it differs in a spherical shape, then acquires a convex surface.
• On the surface of the apex, there are many small cracks that form an unusually decorative mesh pattern.
• The top of the cap is bright brown. In some cases, there are light blotches. There are beige stripes along the edges. They take on an olive tone over time.
• The leg height ranges from 10 to 25 cm. In aging species, it has a rectangular shape. Its shade is light brown. There is a white mesh on its surface.

The girlish mushroom hybrid has many similarities to the pine. The external difference between these species is that in the latter, a mesh may be present in the upper part of the leg. This mushroom can be eaten fresh and canned.

Maiden is one of the most common species. It is also called shortened. It is rare in nature. Its growing territory falls on warm climatic zones. Prefers to grow under:

Young specimens are shrouded in a net. It is yellow throughout the entire area, below it acquires a reddish tone. The cut flesh is yellow. The fruit body tastes good and has a mushroom aroma.