Goldenrod: description, types and varieties, planting and care features

The subtleties of growing an ornamental culture

The advantages of culture are that it reacts equally positively to both sunny and shady areas. Gardeners practically do not encounter problems when growing goldenrod.

Location

When choosing a location for growing solidago, take into account that the plant is aggressive and instantly fills the entire area, therefore, self-seeding must be controlled. Solidago does not make any demands on the choice of soil. Suitable for growing and heavy clay soils, and light fertile. Whether the site will be in the sun or in the shade all day, this will not affect the growth of the plant in any way.

Preparation of planting material

Most often, seedlings are purchased for planting in a specialized gardening store or cuttings are prepared on their own. No special preparation is required before planting; for better rooting, the cut or roots are treated with a growth stimulator.

Timing and planting process

It is allowed to plant a hybrid goldenrod in open ground both in mid-spring and early autumn. The step-by-step algorithm consists of the following stages:

1. The soil in the selected area is dug up, humus is introduced into it.
2. A separate hole is made for each seedling. In this matter, they are guided by the size of the root system.
3. Any mineral complex is added to each hole.
4. Gently spread the roots of goldenrod along the bottom of the hole and sprinkle with soil, lightly crush.
5. After planting, the plant is abundantly moistened.

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Recommended species and varieties

Brachystachys

Small yellow flowers bloom at the tops of flexible and strong peduncles from late summer to mid-autumn. The height and diameter of the plant is -1x0.6 m.

Small yellow flowers

S. canadensis (Z. Canadian)

Tiny bright yellow basket inflorescences, gathered in lush pyramidal panicles, bloom on strong stems in late summer and early autumn. A species prone to conquering new territories. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x1 m.

Tiny bright yellow inflorescences

"Cloth of Gold"

A low-growing variety with strong, straight stems and abundant bright yellow inflorescences that bloom in late summer. The height and diameter of the plant is 45x25 cm.

Low-growing variety

S. cutleri (synonym S. brachystachys) (Z. Cutler, Z. short-spike)

A short perennial with bright yellow flowers blooming from late summer to autumn, and elliptical leaves up to 15 cm long, sometimes with jagged edges. The height and diameter of the plant is 45x30 cm.

Short perennial

S. flexicaulis (H. flexible)

Short panicles of yellow baskets bloom from late summer to early autumn. Elliptical leaves with serrated edges up to 15 cm long sit on strong erect stems. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.2x0.6 m.

Short panicles from yellow baskets

The height and diameter of the variety does not exceed 60x30 cm, and its leaves are colored with brown and yellow strokes.

"Variegata"

S. "Golden Baby"

Narrow panicles of soft yellow inflorescences-baskets bloom from late summer to autumn. The height and diameter of the plant is 45x45 cm.

Narrow panicles of soft yellow inflorescences

S. "Golden Dwarf"

Bright yellow dense inflorescences bloom on sturdy stems in late summer. The height and diameter of the plant is 30x30 cm.

Bright yellow dense inflorescences

S. "Golden Thumb"

Inflorescences-baskets of a rich golden-yellow color appear from late summer to autumn. Leaves are yellowish green. The height and diameter of the plant is 75x45 cm.

Inflorescences-baskets of saturated golden-yellow color

S. hybrida

Dense, bright yellow inflorescences appear in late summer. Leaves are light green and golden. The height and diameter of the plant is 30x30 cm.

Leaves are light green and golden

S. virgaurea (H. common, Golden rod)

Loose inflorescences of bright yellow flowers appear on strong, straight stems in late summer and early autumn. This species comes from Russia. The height and diameter of the plant is -1x0.6 m.

Loose inflorescences of bright yellow flowers

The healing properties of the herb goldenrod (golden rod)

Due to its beneficial properties, goldenrod is widely used in alternative medicine. It began to be used more than 300 years ago. The main advantage of the plant is its natural composition, which significantly reduces the likelihood of side effects. In alternative medicine, the golden rod is primarily considered a diuretic. It has a pronounced diuretic effect.

Due to the rich content of flavonoids, the plant eliminates diseases of the capillaries and blood vessels. And the antifungal effect makes it effective against candidiasis. The beneficial properties of common goldenrod include the following:

• diuretic action;
• wound healing effect;
• antibacterial properties;
• antiviral action;
• elimination of puffiness;
• antispasmodic effect;
• stopping bleeding;
• antifungal action;
• anti-inflammatory effect;
• prevention of oncological processes;
• strengthening the immune system;
• choleretic action.

For women

The plant is of particular value for the female hormonal system. It fights genitourinary diseases by leveling hormone levels in the body. The anti-inflammatory properties allow the plant to be used in the fight against certain gynecological diseases. In addition, goldenrod has a positive effect on the quality of the egg, which increases the chances of a successful pregnancy. According to many years of research, goldenrod treats the following diseases:

• adnexitis;
• cystic formations;
• candidiasis;
• erosion;
• vaginitis;
• bartholinitis.

To achieve the desired therapeutic effect, infusions and decoctions of the plant are used as a solution for douching. At the same time, the internal intake of the drug is practiced. This helps to improve the effectiveness of therapy.

The plant is considered to be resistant to pesticides

For men

Common goldenrod can be used to treat purely male diseases. It is effective against ailments of the reproductive system. It normalizes hormonal levels, helping to stabilize spermatogenesis. The positive effect of the plant on blood vessels helps to cope with congestion in the small pelvis. This provides relief from impotence and prostate adenoma. After treatment with the golden rod, the quality of the seminal fluid improves, which is reflected in the future offspring.

It should be remembered that goldenrod has not only medicinal properties, but also contraindications for men. These include kidney disease and circulatory dysfunction.

Advice! For men, you can use pharmaceutical preparations containing the extract of the golden rod.

During pregnancy

The ban on the use of goldenrod during pregnancy applies only to the first trimester. During this period, the fetus is less resistant to the influence of environmental factors. Herbal medicine can affect its viability.

In subsequent trimesters, the use of medicines based on goldenrod is not prohibited. An exception is the internal intake of tinctures and decoctions. They are used only externally. An indication for their use may be back pain. If they appear, rub the lower back with alcohol tincture of goldenrod. It can also be used to heal oral ulcers. In this case, the agent is used for rinsing.

After giving birth, it is necessary to completely abandon the use of goldenrod. Its components are able to penetrate into breast milk and have a toxic effect on the baby. A dose of a golden rod, calculated for an adult, can significantly harm a baby.

Diseases and pests

At a young age, goldenrod is often affected by powdery mildew, which in most cases is caused by waterlogging, thickening or an excess of nitrogen fertilizers. Traditional means of fighting the disease are Bordeaux liquid and spraying with copper sulfate.

From insects solidago can attack marble beetles, various caterpillars and slugs. All of them will have to be collected by hand. A good means of prevention against these pests is crushed nutshells, scattered between the plants and creating a mechanical barrier to entry into the planting.

If solidago grows for a long time in the same place without pruning, its shoots may become bare in the central part, although the top still produces greens and buds. It is recommended to carry out the pruning procedure in the coming autumn, and the appearance of the plant will be fully restored the next year.

Other Possible Health Benefits

Several studies have tested goldenrod for other purposes, but much more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness in these areas.

Preliminary studies have looked at goldenrod for:

• Weight control. Test-tube and mouse studies show that goldenrod may fight obesity by regulating genes that control fat synthesis and fat cell size. For this reason, the herb is used in some slimming teas (,).
• Cancer prevention. According to in vitro research, goldenrod extract may kill cancer cells. In addition, a study in rats showed that injections of goldenrod extract suppressed the growth of prostate cancer tumors ().
• Heart health. Rats receiving goldenrod extract orally every day for 5 weeks prior to induction of heart injury had 34% lower levels of the blood marker for injury after heart injury compared to controls ().
• Anti aging. A test-tube study showed that goldenrod extract delayed the accumulation of old, poorly functioning skin cells. It can inhibit premature aging of the skin ().

Due to the lack of human research in these areas, it is unknown if goldenrod will have the same effects on humans.

Varieties and types of Solidago

• Perennial 200 cm high with golden yellow medium-sized flowers. There are low varieties about 60 - 0.5 cm tall. Flowering time August - September;

• These are varieties of hybrid origin with bushes of varying heights. There are varieties 20-50 cm with yellow flowers and 130 cm in height with bright yellow inflorescences. Hybrid plants have small roots that do not grow strongly and compact bushes. Blossom in July - August;

• About 1 m in height with strong stems and ovoid basal leaves. Flowers are yellow;

• These are very similar species. But the descending one has a one-sided inflorescence. These are perennial plants 60-200 cm high with yellow flowers;

• The highest solidago (S altissima)

  Now it is considered a subspecies of the Canadian solidago, but earlier it stood out as a separate variety. Perennial 160-180 cm high. Flowers are lemon-yellow. Flowering time August September.

Goldenrod: a bright fountain in a garden landscape, planting and care

Goldenrod, or Solidago, attracts owners of summer cottages with its extraordinary appearance and unpretentious disposition.

Its bright paniculate inflorescences of golden color are very effective and adorn the front gardens and flower beds from July until the very frost.

The plant is not too demanding on soil composition and care, which allows it to be grown where there is almost no time left to take care of the flower garden.

Growing features

Although goldenrod easily tolerates clay soil, the plant grows best on loose, nutritious soils. Too moist soil with stagnant water, especially in shaded areas of the garden, provokes the appearance of powdery mildew - the leaves are covered with a whitish, ugly bloom.

Planting is carried out in the spring, when young shoots appear from the ground and they can be dug out, minimally injuring the plant. The bushes are cut into sections, each of which has a part of the root and 2-3 shoots. Long roots are cut, the plant is planted in a prepared hole and watered.

Fertilizers are applied with caution, since their excess leads to an increase in green mass to the detriment of flowering. Regular fertilizing with complex fertilizers is needed for plants planted on poor soils, growing in one place for more than 6 years

Goldenrod growing in favorable conditions, it is enough to mulch with humus, and during irrigation, moisture saturated with nutrients will penetrate into the soil.

Goldenrod care

Young bushes planted this year need special care. The ground around them is kept moderately moist until fully rooted.

Adult bushes easily tolerate drought, but if it is important to achieve lush flowering, it is recommended to carry out abundant watering during the period of laying the inflorescences

The stems of tall varieties of solidago can droop under the weight of the inflorescences, so they should be tied to supports. In one place, goldenrod bushes grow for about 10 years, but since they grow rapidly, rejuvenation is carried out every 3 years by thinning the plantings.

Withered inflorescences are pruned until the seeds are ripe. This prevents the uncontrolled spread of the plant by self-seeding. In autumn, the stems break off at a level of 10-15 cm from the soil surface, and the flower garden is cleared of fallen leaves, in which pests can hibernate. Plants do not need winter shelter.

Goldenrod in landscape design

In the garden, solidago is grown in mixed flower beds, formed like a mixborder. Depending on the habit, it is planted in the foreground or as a background for low-growing annuals. Bright fountains of golden inflorescences go well with Gaillardia, Sentbrines, Erigeron and other perennials.

Separate flowering bushes of goldenrod are very beautiful against the background of lush greenery of coniferous plantations: junipers, thujas, spruces.

If you need a camouflage cover for a compost heap, fence or outbuilding, goldenrod can help out, which will distract attention from the nondescript appearance with bright inflorescences

Honey plant

How else can canadian goldenrod be used? The plant is distinguished by a high content of nectar in its flowers, which is produced throughout the day. For the entire period of their flowering, which is about two months, bees are able to collect up to 100-150 kg of honey from one hectare. This product has a tart taste and a bitter taste. Its color is dark brown. Honey in its liquid consistency is stored for no more than 1-2 months. After that, it crystallizes.

Goldenrod honey is also used in traditional medicine.After all, this beekeeping product has many medicinal qualities, which are due to the presence of nutrients in the plant itself. In addition, the nectar processed by the bees becomes even more valuable. Goldenrod honey has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Its use helps to fight kidney diseases and diseases of the urinary tract. In addition, this valuable beekeeping product helps with dermatitis and eczema. Its use allows you to strengthen the immune system, as well as have a positive effect on metabolic processes.

Traditional healers recommend such honey not only orally. It can also be used in ointments and compresses. Such its use can heal eczema, edema, dermatoses, long-term healing wounds, as well as skin irritations.

Honey also has a beneficial effect on the digestive, cardiac and nervous systems. This product is also considered an excellent remedy for the treatment of sore throats, meningitis, rhinitis and sinusitis.