Because some require a symbiotic association with other living organisms. That is, different interactions.
For example - mycorrhiza, this is the interaction of the mycelium of fungi with the roots of trees (what symbiosis did you go through? This is what it is).
On an industrial plantation, it is very difficult to artificially provide such interaction, therefore, mycorrhizal fungi are considered unsuitable for industrial cultivation.
The cultivation of mycorrhizal fungi can only be carried out in the symbiosis of trees. So far, no significant success has been achieved in the industrial cultivation of mycorrhizal fungi. Russian and foreign scientists are conducting experiments on growing mycorrhizal fungi in artificial conditions and have achieved some success in this field, nevertheless, it is too early to talk about the large-scale implementation of their developments in the industrial cultivation of mycorrhizal fungi. the conditions for their growth in small areas.
It's easier to wait for the mushroom season, take a bigger basket and into the forest! And moral pleasure, and rest, and a charge of cheerfulness and good mood, and of course mushrooms! ...))) Of course, if you are not afraid of wolves and bears ...)))
Latest replies
Kittens! Please tell me! Their mother disappears in the park all day: sniffing and no,
guest
Read Answer
Sexual and asexual. Asexual reproduction: Budding, Spore formation and division
guest
Read Answer
1. This carbon exists native only in two forms, diamond and graphite, in us
guest
Read Answer
Once, everyone in the class had 2 and 3 tests, the teacher swore that
guest
Read Answer
cleaner driver director
guest
Read Answer
Grandfather and Vanya made it to Pochtovaya Street just in time - because of the Oka, it was high
guest
Read Answer
Before presenting the given expression as the difference of squares, and then
guest
Read Answer
c. high
guest
Read Answer
Problem 1
Given:
m (C6H12O6) = 1 g
To find:
m (H2O) -?
Re
guest
Read Answer
Exercise 1
1. Acids: HNO3, H3PO4.
2. Acidic oxides: SO3, CO2.
guest
Read Answer
KMnO4 + K2SO3 + H2SO4 => MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O;
MnO4 (-) + SO3 (2-) + 2H (+) =>
guest
Read Answer
a) CaO + H2O => Ca (OH) 2;
Ca (OH) 2 + CO2 => CaCO3 ↓ + H2O;
CaCO3 + CO2 +
guest
Read Answer
Given:
m (NH3) = 42.5 kg = 42500 g
m (HNO3) = 165 kg = 165000 g
H
guest
Read Answer
1. When carbon dioxide is passed through a solution of calcium hydroxide,
guest
Read Answer
History and life of Crimea. All about Crimea
guest
Read Answer
Expand the brackets: 6x + 12y-12x + 8y We give similar terms: -6x + 20y
guest
Read Answer
In order to simplify the expression, we must open the parentheses and then group
guest
Read Answer
Given:
m (Cr2O3) = 19 g
ω out. = 90%
To find:
m pract. (Cr) -?
guest
Read Answer
1) H2SO4 + K2CO3 => K2SO4 + CO2 ↑ + H2O;
K2SO4 + Ba (OH) 2 => BaSO4 ↓ + 2KOH
guest
Read Answer
The reaction equation is correct. First, in the interaction of alkali, and KOH is another
guest
Read Answer
Mushrooms - one of the mysteries of nature. For a long time they were considered plants, but later they discovered many of the properties inherent in animals, and isolated them into a separate kingdom of living organisms. There are more than one hundred thousand species of mushrooms in the world. Only some of them are edible, and even fewer mushrooms that can be "tamed" to harvest right on the site.
Newspapers today are full of advertisements for the sale of mycelium of oyster mushrooms and mushrooms. As a rule, brochures describing in detail the technology of growing mushrooms are sold along with them. But this technology is designed for specially equipped premises and requires sterility, maintaining a certain mode of humidity and temperature, and expensive agricultural environments. It is difficult to apply them on the site. Therefore, mushrooms will have to be grown in conditions close to natural ones.
What mushrooms can be grown in the country? The easiest - traditional, mastered: oyster mushrooms, mushrooms and morels. But if conditions allow, then you can get a plantation of porcini mushrooms ... Oyster mushroom:
To grow oyster mushrooms on your site, you will need to harvest wood.In early spring, bring to the pruning area of trunks and large branches of hardwood trees (25-30 cm long and at least 15 cm in diameter). The cuttings need to be filled with water and soaked well for a couple of days. After that, place them in the cellar or basement in columns up to 2 m high. The columns will turn out to be "flaky": at the upper end of each trim you need to place the oyster mushroom mycelium with a layer of 1-2 cm, on top of the next trim. And so on to the top of the column.
In order for the mycelium to develop normally, wrap the column well with a layer of straw, matting or burlap - this will preserve moisture. The mycelium will germinate within 2-2.5 months, and during this time you need to make sure that the future plantation does not dry out. In May, the mycelium is planted in open ground in the shaded corners of the site. To do this, each piece of wood is buried with one side into the soil by 10-15 cm. The distance between the segments in the rows and between the rows is 30-50 cm. The mushroom plantation does not require special care, except for moisture in dry hot weather.
You will begin to harvest mushrooms in August - September, and new portions of oyster mushrooms will delight you until about October. At the first harvest, about 600 g of mushrooms can be harvested from each piece of wood. But that is not all! The plantation can be safely left to winter in the same place, and with favorable conditions: you will be harvesting for two years, and you will be harvesting mushroom harvest for at least two more years.
Champignons:
Champignons were first grown in 1650 on the outskirts of Paris. From France, this culture spread throughout the world. It all started with the fact that the French peasants noticed: if the waste compost from the melon beds is poured with water in which the mushrooms were washed, mushrooms begin to grow on it. Later, champignons were grown on dung heaps. And the modern method combines both of these substrates. There are many ways of growing mushrooms in the open field. But the main task is to provide conditions for the development of mycelium: moisture and a sufficient amount of nutrients.
The site for the plantation should be slightly shaded, and it is better to arrange a canopy over it to protect it from waterlogging during heavy rains. You need to lay the beds in early spring, as soon as the soil warms up a little. Humus mixed with straw is placed in a trench 20-25 cm deep, moistened and covered with earth (the optimum thickness of the casing layer is 4-6 cm). You can also make a raised bed, and cover its edges to avoid moisture loss. Watch the temperature! When at a depth of 4 cm it drops to 27-28 ° C, you can start planting mycelium.
Planting material can be bought by ad or ordered by mail. Or you can dig it up in places where mushrooms grow (mark such places in advance during the mushroom season). If you bought grain mycelium, remove about 3 cm of substrate from the bed, distribute the mycelium evenly over the bed and cover with a layer of compost. If you have wild or dung mycelium, cut it into pieces and plant in small indentations. After planting, the top edge of the mycelium should be 2-3 cm below the surface of the substrate. Further care of the plantation consists in periodic moistening and harvesting. Morels:
Morels and stitches - the first spring mushrooms. In the middle lane, they appear in mid-April - early May. It is difficult to confuse them with other mushrooms - they look very unusual. The common morel has an oval-shaped cap, the conical morel has an elongated and tapering top. The surface of the caps resembles a honeycomb with irregular cells. Morels have been successfully bred in apple orchards since about the middle of the 19th century. Two methods of growing these mushrooms in the garden have survived to this day - French and German.
The French grew morels in the beds. In the spring, pieces of mushrooms were scattered on them.In the fall, the beds were loosened and covered with a layer of apple pomace, for the winter they were covered with a layer of fallen leaves, and in the spring this layer was removed and the harvest was reaped. However, why did they "collect"? This method is still used today.
The German way is slightly different from the French one. Pieces of mushrooms are scattered right under the trees. In addition, the trunks are watered with water left over from washing the morels. The planting sites are covered with ash, and in the fall they are covered with a layer of fallen leaves or straw. In the spring, most of this "feather bed" is removed. Morels usually appear two weeks after this operation.
Both French and German morel plantations can work productively for several years if they are not allowed to dry out. However, morels are an unusual culture in our market, and not all buyers dare to buy unfamiliar mushrooms from you. Therefore, it is better to offer them to those who are able to appreciate them. For example, negotiate delivery to a Chinese restaurant. White mushroom:
The main difficulty in growing valuable forest mushrooms is that white, boletus and boletus mushrooms can exist only in symbiosis with "their" trees. Therefore, it is not easy to grow them on the site. In the event that trees grow next to your site (or right on it), with which the mushrooms form a symbiosis, your chances increase.
Porcini mushrooms can be grown under birch or pine trees (depending on where you picked the mushrooms for planting: in a deciduous or pine forest). The optimal age of the trees under which you will plant mushrooms is from 10 to 30 years.
How to "persuade" mushrooms to settle on your site? There are three ways, but they all have one goal: to transfer mushroom spores to a favorable environment within your garden. Pour overripe porcini mushrooms with rainwater, leave for about a day, strain through cheesecloth or a rare cloth. Water the areas under the trees with this water.
Dig small pieces of mycelium (from a matchbox) in the forest. On the site, transfer them to shallow pits, cover with grass mat and slightly moisten. If the weather is dry, you will have to moisturize the pits regularly. But you can't water them, just spray them.
Place pieces of ripe porcini mushroom caps on a loosened mat under the trees. After three to four days, the pieces should be removed and the bedding should be moistened. You can also plant dried pieces of hats, but already under the bedding. Care is the same as for the pieces of mycelium. The mushrooms themselves will inform you that your efforts have been successful: if within a year after planting you have found at least one mushroom on your plantation, it means that the mycelium has taken root, and the next year the harvest may be higher.
