What varieties of rice are grown in the Krasnodar Territory?

Rice, as you know, is a southern culture. Asia is considered a traditional region of its cultivation. However, rice is also grown here in Russia. Moreover, most of the areas used for this culture are concentrated in the Krasnodar Territory. Rice is grown in this region using a special technology.

A bit of history: farms in the 1920s

Rice cultivation in the Kuban began in the days of the USSR. In the 20-30s, large areas of floodplains overgrown with reeds were drained in the Krasnodar Territory. It was these raw lands that they decided to use for planting rice. The area of ​​the first experimental site allocated for this crop was 50 hectares. Created by domestic farmers, a new exclusive method of growing rice has been constantly improved in subsequent years. At first, the yields of this crop in the Krasnodar Territory were only about 21-22 centners per hectare. Subsequently, these indicators have steadily increased.

Approximately 10 years after the start of rice cultivation in the Kuban, two reservoirs were built to create irrigation systems. They were designed in such a way that the water resources in the future would be enough for 70 thousand hectares of rice fields.

Farms of the region during the USSR

A complete irrigation system for this crop was created in the USSR by the 80s of the last century. Until the 90s, the rice industry was considered one of the most profitable in our country. The total area of ​​sown fields in Soviet times was about 300 thousand hectares.

With the collapse of the country, the rice farms of the Krasnodar Territory fell into decay. In the 90s, the yield of this crop in Russia approached the first historical indicators and amounted to only 25 ha / c. At the same time, the sown area was reduced to 90 thousand hectares.

Farm problems today

Today the rice industry of the Krasnodar Territory is reviving. In 2014, the area allotted for this crop was already about 167 thousand hectares. But, unfortunately, the rice industry in the region is still experiencing some difficulties. So, for example, until 2016, not a single new irrigation system was built in the region. All used in the fields were created in Soviet times.

Growing rice in the Krasnodar Territory: features

This southern plant is cultivated in Russia using a special technology. The cultivation methodology is, of course, similar to that used in Asian countries. However, there are quite significant differences in the technology of growing rice in the Kuban.

For example, Krasnodar rice has never been cultivated in the same place from year to year for decades. Farms in the region must comply with crop rotation. Wheat or soybeans are planted in the rice field every two to three years. This allows you to significantly increase the yield of the crop and reduce the likelihood of spoilage by pests.

Rice is harvested in the Krasnodar Territory only after the fields are completely drained. This is also one of the features of the technology used in the south of Russia. In Asian countries, which in most cases are not rich, the fields are usually not drained. Farmers often pick rice there by hand, right in the water. Of course, the work is very hard. Russian farmers use modern technology to cultivate and harvest this crop, of course.

In some areas of the region, and in particular, on the left bank of the Kuban, the thickness of the fertile soil layer in the fields is only about 15 cm. Therefore, when growing rice, local farms are forced to use a fairly large amount of fertilizers. In order for the groats to be supplied to food industry enterprises and shops of high quality in the future, farmers conduct a thorough analysis of plant leaves before applying fertilizing. In laboratory conditions, it is determined which substances are lacking in a culture at a given specific time. In accordance with the data obtained, fertilizing is also carried out. With this approach, the soil is not contaminated with any unnecessary chemicals.

How rice is grown in the Krasnodar Territory: technology

This crop is sown in the Kuban by checks. This is the name for small fields with an area of ​​5 hectares. Rice is actually a very unusual plant. Unlike most other cereals, it is able to transfer oxygen from the leaves to the roots. That is, it can be grown while being almost completely submerged in water.

The main elements of the irrigation system in rice fields are:

• source;
• common distribution channel;
• irrigation canals.

The source of water supply to the fields can be both an artificial reservoir and the Kuban River or some nearby lake. The distribution channels are equipped with special pumping equipment. Irrigation trenches are separated from them by valves. Shallow grooves are dug on the checks themselves. When the valves are opened, water begins to flow into the irrigation canals. Further, it moves into the grooves on the checks and is distributed in all directions. Thus, flooding occurs. The water level rises to the required level during landing in about a day. Sometimes it takes a little more time.

In order to monitor the level of water rise, the manufacturer of Krasnodar rice installs special slats with a scale on the receipts. Actually, the control itself is carried out by agronomists of farms when going round the fields. Workers-irrigators further, if necessary, raise or lower the valves of the channels, thus adjusting the level.

Productivity and prospects

As already mentioned, the rice industry in the Krasnodar Territory continues to revive. Today the yield of this crop in Russia is about 200 thousand tons of grain annually.This is quite enough to cover the country's internal needs. Russia even has the ability to import about 50 thousand tons of cereals annually. Domestic Krasnodar rice is supplied mainly to neighboring countries.

In terms of productivity, Russian farms in 2016, according to statistics, even caught up with Italian ones. A comparison in this case can be made, since the domestic complexes and farms of this southern state are located practically at the same latitude. Italian rice varieties in Russia, thanks to the use of modern domestic cultivation technologies, grow faster, get sick less and give larger grain.

According to many experts, rice growing in the region is a very promising industry. The modernization of farms, the purchase of new modern equipment, an increase in the general training of workers - all this, according to forecasts, can almost double the yield.

The rice industry in our country is, unfortunately, quite costly. According to estimates, farms spend up to 60 thousand rubles per season on growing only one hectare of this crop. But the profits from such agricultural complexes can be quite large. The quality of Krasnodar rice is simply excellent. And therefore, both domestic and foreign consumers buy it very willingly.

How the crops are harvested

Thus, subject to the cultivation technology, this crop is very productive - Krasnodar rice. We found out how it is grown. Rice is harvested in southern Russia after drying using special harvesters. This modern technique is also responsible for threshing grain.

Today the yield of rice in the Kuban is about 1 million tons per year. By 2017, 99 farms are engaged in the cultivation of this crop in the region. 23 of them are small businesses.

Processing equipment

As you know, rice goes on sale not in ears, but already in the form of cereals. Unfortunately, equipment designed for processing this crop, including combines, is practically not produced in Russia. What is available usually does not cope with the loads during harvest. Therefore, for the processing of rice in the Krasnodar Territory, imported equipment is usually used. It is purchased more often in countries that are traditional rice producers - in China, Japan, South Korea, etc.

Selection

Of course, the rice industry in the Krasnodar Territory can develop not only if new technologies and modern equipment are used. Much in this regard also depends on what varieties of this crop will be grown in the fields. In the region, among other things, breeding work is carried out with rice. Both Krasnodar round-grain and long-grain rice are displayed at the stations.

Unfortunately, it is quite difficult to get a new variety of this crop of any variety. Breeding takes about 7 years. However, such difficulties do not stop the farmers of the region. In the region, not only ordinary, but also elite varieties of culture are constantly being bred.

Consumer reviews of Krasnodar rice

Both round and long grain rice are grown, and therefore, enter the store shelves in the region. This domestic cereal has earned excellent reviews from consumers. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, since Krasnodar rice is grown in compliance with the crop rotation, it is an environmentally friendly product and as beneficial as possible for health. Secondly, the excellent quality of domestic cereals is determined by the very climate of the Krasnodar Territory. In the Kuban, it is not as hot as, for example, in Vietnam or China. Therefore, ears in this region are quite rarely infested with all sorts of pests that do not tolerate low temperatures very well.

The high quality of Kuban rice is evidenced by the fact that the market today also has counterfeit Asian products sold under the guise of Krasnodar. Such rice is grown in the worst conditions and, of course, does not have the same excellent taste as harvested in the south of Russia.

" Back History, technology and features of rice production in the Kuban  28.11.2016 22:40 Rice production is common in countries with hot and humid climates. Usually these are tropical and subtropical countries. In India, China, Indonesia, South America, Vietnam and a number of other countries, rice has been grown for many millennia and makes up a large percentage of the diet of local residents. This cereal crop is planted in fields that are specially highly moistened, turning them into almost giant puddles. History of rice growing in Russia Recently Kuban rice began to appear everywhere on the tables of Russians. The active cultivation of rice crops in Russia began under Khrushchev. Prior to this, attempts to grow cereals were carried out by Emperor Peter the Great, as well as by revolutionary leaders after 1917. After the creation of special reclamation systems in the 60s. last century, Krasnodar rice began to be grown on a large industrial scale. Type of fields and technologies used for growing Kuban rice Rice cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory is carried out on irrigated fields. Such fields are a complex system of rice paddies and channels. In irrigated fields, plants are almost constantly under water. Unlike dry and estuary rice growing, rice production in the Krasnodar Territory on irrigated fields brings large yields. How rice is grown in the Kuban depends on the specific agricultural cooperative. Most field owners are now trying to switch to so-called herbicide-free technology. The fact is that the previously high yield of rice in the Krasnodar Territory was achieved through the use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The use of such fertilizers really increased the yield of the crop, but on the other hand led to the degeneration of the variety and the appearance of blast. Recent studies show that a number of herbicides inhibit the growth and development of rice plants, and harmful toxic substances accumulate in the products produced, in the soil and in the entire agro-ecosystem as a whole. Modern herbicide-free technology makes it possible to almost completely abandon harmful fertilizers by improving reclamation systems and periodically sowing rice fields with alfalfa, peas and other crops that enrich the soil with useful minerals. The bottom of the checks is leveled with the help of MARA laser planers. When caring for the plant, the latest achievements of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rice are used. Sowing, irrigation and harvesting Kuban rice is grown using modern technical equipment. There is a long story about how Krasnodar rice is grown and sown. Briefly describe the process of growing rice, it consists of three main stages. When warm weather sets in in spring (usually May), the cereal is planted in pre-watered soil. When the shoots reach 15-20 cm, the field is flooded, but so that the tops of the plants are above the water. 2-3 weeks before harvesting, the water is drained. Maintaining the required water level in the fields is possible thanks to a complex system of canals. Now, for the production of 1 kg of ready-made cereals, it is necessary to spend 7 tons of water. The condition of many canals in the Krasnodar Territory requires serious repairs, but at the same time, one million tons of Kuban rice was collected in 2015. It was possible to get such a record harvest thanks to the use of advanced technology and state assistance in the repair of agricultural communications. The peculiarities of growing rice crops in the Krasnodar Territory are influenced by unique weather conditions and favorable environmental conditions. When rice is harvested in the Kuban, farmers use special harvesters. Grain can be harvested only in dry weather, and if there is fog or rain over the fields, the equipment does not come out to harvest the rice. Varietal variety of Kuban rice Rice can be of different colors: white, brown, red, black, pink - its color depends on the processing method. Also, rice is divided by size: round, medium-grain and long-grain rice. Krasnodar rice is represented by many varieties that differ in grain size, pigmentation, processing method, the presence of certain substances in cereals, starch composition and a number of other parameters. Among the most common and well-known varieties of cereals are Black Pearl , Ruby, Regulus, Flagship, Southern night, Amethyst, Rapan, Khazar, Viola, Devzira ... This is not a complete list of the varietal diversity of the rice crop. Rice Kuban elite supplied to the domestic market and exported. In recent years, domestic farmers have learned to grow varieties of red and pink pure rice, which are not inferior in their characteristics to Chinese, Vietnamese and Japanese counterparts. Interesting information about rice:

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Rice, as you know, is a southern culture. Asia is considered a traditional region of its cultivation. However, rice is also grown here in Russia. Moreover, most of the areas used for this culture are concentrated in the Krasnodar Territory. Rice is grown in this region using a special technology.

A bit of history: farms in the 1920s

Rice cultivation in the Kuban began in the days of the USSR. In the 20-30s, large areas of floodplains overgrown with reeds were drained in the Krasnodar Territory. It was these raw lands that they decided to use for planting rice. The area of ​​the first experimental site allocated for this crop was 50 hectares. The new exclusive method of growing rice created by domestic farmers has been constantly improved in the following years. At first, the harvests of this crop in the Krasnodar Territory were only about 21-22 centners per hectare. Subsequently, these indicators have steadily increased.

Approximately 10 years after the start of rice cultivation in the Kuban, two reservoirs were built to create irrigation systems. They were designed in such a way that there would be enough water resources for 70 thousand hectares of rice fields.

Farms of the region during the Soviet era

A complete irrigation system for this crop was created in the USSR by the 80s of the last century. Until the 90s, the rice industry was considered one of the most profitable in our country. The total area of ​​sown fields in Soviet times was about 300 thousand hectares.

With the collapse of the country, the rice farms of the Krasnodar Territory fell into decay. In the 90s, the yield of this crop in Russia approached the first historical indicators and amounted to only 25 ha / c. At the same time, the sown area was reduced to 90 thousand hectares.

Farm problems today

Today the rice industry of the Krasnodar Territory is reviving. In 2014, the area allotted for this crop was already about 167 thousand hectares. But, unfortunately, the rice industry of the region is still experiencing some difficulties. So, for example, until 2016, not a single new irrigation system was built in the region. All used in the fields were created in Soviet times.

Growing rice in the Krasnodar Territory: features

This southern plant is cultivated in Russia using a special technology. The cultivation methodology is, of course, similar to that used in Asian countries. However, there are quite significant differences in the technology of growing rice in the Kuban.

For example, Krasnodar rice has never been cultivated in the same place from year to year for decades. Farms in the region must comply with crop rotation. Wheat or soybeans are planted in the rice field every two to three years. This allows you to significantly increase the yield of the crop and reduce the likelihood of spoilage by pests.

Rice harvesting in the Krasnodar Territory is carried out only after the fields are completely drained. This is also one of the features of the technology used in the south of Russia. In Asian countries, which in most cases are not rich, the fields are usually not drained. Farmers often pick rice there by hand, right in the water. Of course, the work is very hard. Russian farmers use modern technology to cultivate and harvest this crop, of course.

In some areas of the region, and in particular, on the left bank of the Kuban, the thickness of the fertile soil layer in the fields is only about 15 cm. Therefore, when growing rice, local farms are forced to use a fairly large amount of fertilizers. In order for the groats to be supplied to food industry enterprises and stores of high quality in the future, farmers conduct a thorough analysis of plant leaves before applying fertilizing. In laboratory conditions, it is determined which substances are lacking in a culture at a given time. In accordance with the data obtained, fertilizing is also carried out. With this approach to business, the soil is not contaminated with any unnecessary chemicals.

How rice is grown in the Krasnodar Territory: technology

This crop is sown in the Kuban by checks. This is the name for small fields with an area of ​​5 hectares. Rice is actually a very unusual plant. Unlike most other cereals, it is able to transfer oxygen from the leaves to the roots. That is, it can be grown while being almost completely submerged in water.

The main elements of the irrigation system in rice fields are:

• source;
• common distribution channel;
• irrigation canals.

The source of water supply to the fields can be both an artificial reservoir and the Kuban River or some nearby lake. The distribution channels are equipped with special pumping equipment. Irrigation trenches are separated from them by valves. Shallow grooves are dug on the checks themselves. When the valves are opened, water begins to flow into the irrigation canals. Further, it moves into the grooves on the checks and is distributed in all directions. Thus, flooding occurs. The water level rises to the required level during landing in about a day. Sometimes it takes a little more time.

In order to monitor the level of water rise, the manufacturer of Krasnodar rice installs special slats with a scale on the receipts. Actually, the control itself is carried out by agronomists of farms when going round the fields. Workers-irrigators further, if necessary, raise or lower the valves of the channels, thus adjusting the level.

Productivity and prospects

As already mentioned, the rice industry in the Krasnodar Territory continues to revive. Today the yield of this crop in Russia is about 200 thousand tons of grain annually. This is quite enough to cover the country's internal needs. Russia even has the ability to import about 50 thousand tons of cereals annually. Domestic Krasnodar rice is supplied mainly to neighboring countries.

In terms of yield, Russian farms in 2016, according to statistics, even caught up with Italian ones.A comparison in this case can be made, since the domestic complexes and farms of this southern state are located practically at the same latitude. Italian rice varieties in Russia, thanks to the use of modern domestic cultivation technologies, grow faster, get sick less and give larger grain.

According to many experts, rice growing in the region is a very promising industry. The modernization of farms, the purchase of new modern equipment, an increase in the general training of workers - all this, according to forecasts, can almost double the yield.

The rice industry in our country is, unfortunately, quite costly. According to estimates, farms spend up to 60 thousand rubles per season on growing only one hectare of this crop. But the profits from such agricultural complexes can be quite large. The quality of Krasnodar rice is simply excellent. Therefore, both domestic and foreign consumers buy it very willingly.

How the crops are harvested

Thus, subject to the cultivation technology, this crop is very productive - Krasnodar rice. We found out how it is grown. Rice is harvested in southern Russia after drying using special harvesters. This modern technique is also responsible for threshing grain.

Today the yield of rice in the Kuban is about 1 million tons per year. By 2017, 99 farms are engaged in the cultivation of this crop in the region. 23 of them are small businesses.

Processing equipment

As you know, rice goes on sale not in ears, but already in the form of cereals. Unfortunately, equipment designed for processing this crop, including combines, is practically not produced in Russia. What is available usually does not cope with the loads during harvest. Therefore, for the processing of rice in the Krasnodar Territory, imported equipment is usually used. It is bought more often in countries that are traditional rice producers - in China, Japan, South Korea, etc.

Selection

Of course, the rice industry in the Krasnodar Territory can develop not only if new technologies and modern equipment are used. Much in this regard also depends on what varieties of this crop will be grown in the fields. In the region, among other things, breeding work is carried out with rice. Both Krasnodar round-grain and long-grain rice are displayed at the stations.

Unfortunately, it is quite difficult to get a new variety of this crop of any variety. Breeding takes about 7 years. However, such difficulties do not stop the farmers of the region. In the region, not only ordinary, but also elite varieties of culture are constantly being bred.

Consumer reviews of Krasnodar rice

Both round and long grain rice are grown, and therefore, enter the store shelves in the region. This domestic cereal has earned excellent reviews from consumers. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, since Krasnodar rice is grown in compliance with the crop rotation, it is an environmentally friendly product and the most beneficial for health. Secondly, the excellent quality of domestic cereals is determined by the very climate of the Krasnodar Territory. In the Kuban, it is not as hot as, for example, in Vietnam or China. Therefore, ears in this region are quite rarely infested with all sorts of pests that do not tolerate low temperatures very well.

The high quality of Kuban rice is evidenced by the fact that the market today also has counterfeit Asian products sold under the guise of Krasnodar. Such rice is grown in the worst conditions and, of course, does not have the same excellent taste as harvested in the south of Russia.

Rice is one of the most popular foods.It is produced in areas with hot and humid climates. As a rule, rice is cultivated in tropical countries, but it can also be grown in subtropical countries. China, South America, India, Asia, Indonesia are the main distribution areas. In Asian countries, rice is planted by hand. In America, it is sown on the fields directly from the plane. Rice husks are hugely beneficial. However, it is scraped off and sent to livestock feed. People eat white rice. In Japan, red rice is considered the best - it acquires a pinkish tint under the influence of bacteria. This was the food used by the emperors.

Landing features

Rice belongs to the herbal family. In appearance, it resembles a reed. The landing is peculiar. First, the field is moistened until it turns into mud. Then you can start sowing. To support crop growth, an intricate network of canals, dams and embankments must be installed. It will allow you to maintain the moisture content of the soil in the desired condition. The soil should be covered with the thinnest layer of water. In order to facilitate work, fields are often arranged in mountainous areas.

When installing terraces in mountainous areas, water flows from one field to another. Watering is done using jugs or a special machine. Donkeys drive the irrigation device. Finished rice differs from what we see in the store in color. It is brown, not white, because it is covered with husks.

Weeds are usually removed manually. But for this you need to drain the water. Its level is usually regulated with a gate. In order to grow 1 kilogram of rice, about 5 thousand liters of water are required.

Same

Where is rice grown in Russia

Rice can be grown even in Russia. Its cultivation began in the days of Khrushchev. At the moment, rice can be found in the Primorsky Territory, Chechnya, Astrakhan Region, Dagestan, Rostov Region, Kalmykia. About 80% of rice is grown in the Kuban. The thing is that the summer is longest here.

Now rice is used as a main dish, as a side dish for mushrooms, meat, vegetables and for dessert. Most of the vitamins remain in unpolished rice. The thing is that it is not processed. Among other things, it has more fiber and minerals than white rice. Due to the fact that the plant contains a large amount of carbohydrates, it is very nutritious. In addition, rice is rich in proteins, minerals and vitamins, is easily digestible and goes well with a large number of foods. Growing a culture on your own is difficult enough.

How rice is grown (video)

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In which regions of Russia is rice grown?

• Rice is one of the most popular foods. Rice needs warmth and moisture, so it is grown more often in tropical countries, less often in subtropical ones. It turns out that rice is also cultivated in Russia.

  Rice has been cultivated in Russia since the time of Khrushchev. Now Russian rice is grown in the Primorsky Territory, Chechnya, the Astrakhan Region, Dagestan, Kalmykia. But almost 80% of domestic rice is grown in the Kuban (Krasnodar Territory), this is due to the fact that there is the longest summer.

• How accustomed to imported rice, it never occurred to me that rice is grown and in Russia, it turns out to grow rice (it is called quot; the most northern rice in the worldquot;) in Russia began in the days of Khrushchev. Quite a bit of rice is harvested in Chechnya, Dagestan, Kalmykia, Rostov, Astrakhan regions, and Primorsky Krai. And the largest amount (80%) of rice is grown in the Krasnodar Territory (Kuban), here the most suitable favorable natural conditions for this culture - the longest warm summer period.

• Judging by the fact that there are packets of rice with the inscription Krasnodar in the stores, it can be assumed that the Krasnodar Territory is a rice granary.

  I live in Primorye and we have Khanka rice for sale. It is grown near Lake Khanka. True, it often grows of not very good quality. Then it is processed into animal feed.

  There are also checks in the Jewish Autonomous Republic, but there are very few of them and the rice is also not very good.

  Delicious rice is obtained in the Rostov and Astrakhan regions. Some rice is grown for their needs in Adygea, Kalmykia and Dagestan. It's delicious there. But it doesn't reach us. We mainly eat Krasnodar, which is quite tasty, local and Chinese. It comes in a variety of qualities. For us, China is almost Russia, and for them we are almost China. They use the same technology to grow rice here, in Khanka and at home.

• Now in our supermarkets it is much easier to find domestic Kuban rice than imported rice, which immediately catches the eye because it costs much more. The homeland of rice is Southeast Asia, in particular Indonesia, so it is not surprising that this region is the world leader in rice production. Most of all it is grown in China, India and Indonesia. Russia is not even included in the 20 rice-producing countries, but nevertheless, this culture has long and rather successfully cultivated in Russia. Most of all, about 80% of rice is grown, as I have already noted, in the Kuban, but in addition to this, there are also 8 regions of agricultural areas sown with this crop. The total production of this crop ranges from 160 to 360 thousand tons per year, and the percentage by region can be seen in the figure:

Rice is the oldest and most widespread crop. Its grains, rich in amino acids, have excellent taste and are well absorbed by the body. The use of cereals is carried out in various areas of the national economy. Read about the technology of growing rice in the article.

Peculiarities

How does rice grow? For the comfortable growth of this culture, excessively moist soils are needed. This tropical annual loves shade. An important condition for its growth is the water regime in terms of development phases. For example, when seedlings appear, the soil must be saturated with water. In the future, favorable conditions are those when the field will be covered with a layer of water.

The process of grain swelling is influenced by temperature. At + 13 ° C, the seed absorbs water for five to six days to germinate, at + 17 ° C - two days, at + 27 ° C - 15 hours. The range in which the process of rice germination takes place is large: +12 ... +41 oC. The optimal temperature is +18 ° C, and the duration is up to three days. Grain ceases to germinate at +10 ... +12 ° C.

Rice in a crop rotation

Cultivation is carried out according to special 5-9-field crop rotations. To obtain high yields, the agro-reclamation conditions for growing rice must be good. For this, the fields are removed from the flooding. Dry-growing plants, usually fodder grasses, are planted on them, or areas are left for fallow. This means that the crop rotation includes grass and fallow fields.

After such predecessors as legumes and grasses, rice can be sown for three consecutive years. If the field was set aside for fallow - two years. It is not by chance that grasses are included in the rice crop rotation: they destroy bog weeds, saturate the soil with nutrients, and provide high quality forage.

The inclusion of the steam link is of great importance, especially for the implementation of repair work related to reclamation. In addition, fertility increases thanks to green manure. Rice fields under steam are sown with vetch, rapeseed, soybeans, peas, buckwheat and other plants, including mixtures.

Where does it grow?

Rice is cultivated in countries with tropical climates, but is also grown in the subtropics.Currently, the cereal is widespread in China, India, South America, Indonesia. In Asian countries, the crop is grown by hand. America, for example, has come up with a better way of planting - from an airplane to a field.

The cultivated rice grows in special flat fields flooded with water. Dry territories and plateaus are suitable for blasting unpretentious varieties. There is a wild form of rice, the appearance of which is different from the usual white rice. It is found in the USA and Canada on numerous small lakes.

Rice growing

The main types of farming for the cultivation of this crop are:

• Dry rice growing. It is used in regions with rare precipitation. Acceptable in regions with warm summers for sites, most of which are low-lying swampy areas.
• Spillage rice growing. For the cultivation of cereals, pouring meadows, or checks, are used. The bottom line is that the sites are deliberately flooded. For this, trenches are dug out and filled with water. But it is lowered half a month before harvesting, so the soil has time to dry out. This method of growing rice is the most common.

• Liman rice growing as a way of growing crops is considered ineffective in the modern world, although certain regions in the south and east of Asia practice it. Rice is cultivated in areas with frequent floods that occur during the spring and summer seasons. The river bays are also used for the cultivation of cereals.

Why does rice grow in water?

This culture is a plant that is not afraid of flooding. How does rice grow? The roots receive oxygen from the leaves, which take it from the air. Water supplies the plants with nutrition, it also helps to cope with weeds, thereby increasing yields. To create favorable conditions for the comfortable growth of rice, flat lands are divided into plots with the help of rollers. Channels are formed, which are filled with water.

Growing technology

The process of growing rice on checks does not depend on the weather, as it is completely controlled by humans. This method is most often used for growing cereals. Rice planting is carried out as follows:

• For growing seedlings, seeds are sown in special cells. Their germination is carried out at a temperature of +13 ... +16 ° C.
• Then the resulting seedlings are planted on the check.
• A few days later, the checks are flooded to the water level above the ground surface within 13-15 cm. For good growth, the plant needs warmth, so the air temperature should be at least +25 ... +30 ° C.
• When it's time to kill the weeds, the water goes down. After weeding, which is done by hand, the checks are refilled.
• In order for the rice to ripen and the earth to dry out, the water is drained before harvesting the cereals. Roughly, this should be done when the stems change from green to yellow.

How is rice grown in China?

Chinese breeders have bred 10 thousand varieties of this cereal. They differ from one another by the region and growing conditions, size, color and density of the grain, as well as the period of its ripening. Flooded fields are suitable for cultivating some varieties, while dry soil is suitable for others.

Rice cultivation in China is carried out in fields flooded with water. Farmers move along them on foot and by boat, regardless of the weather. A non-standard method is used for planting rice. How does rice grow? The seeds are sown in a special greenhouse. The soil is mud mixed with water. This is done in order to select the most viable plants.

How does rice grow? When the seedlings reach 10 cm in height, they are thrown into the water, they will take root in the soil on their own. When they grow up to 50 cm in height, they begin to bloom. The smell of flowers is reminiscent of boiled rice, but more delicate and sweet. At this time, grains begin to form.

After harvesting, rice is scattered directly on the roads for drying, after which it is sent to storage. In the warehouse, the humidity is constantly monitored. If the grains are provided with ideal conditions, rice is stored for 12 months, in packaged form - for three years. Every year, China produces 600 billion kilograms of rice, but still it is not enough to meet the needs of the entire population of the country.

The history of rice in Russia

Quite recently, the abundance of Kuban rice could boast the counters of Russian stores. They began to actively cultivate crops in our country under Khrushchev, these were small rice fields. Even earlier, Peter I, and later - revolutionary leaders after the proclamation of Soviet power, attempted to cultivate rice. And only when reclamation systems were created in the 60s of the last century, the industrial cultivation of cereals in the Krasnodar Territory became possible.

Rice of the Kuban

Currently, 90% of all rice in Russia is grown in the Krasnodar Territory. All conditions have been created for this in this region. The region is characterized by a favorable ecological situation and a unique climate. Rice cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory is carried out using such lands, which are called floodplain and flooded lands. Their location is the lower reaches of the Kuban River. It is always warm here and there is a supply of land resources. Due to the flat relief with small slopes, it is possible to build rice fields with large checks.

In the Kuban, modern technology is used to grow rice. The process of growing a crop can be conditionally divided into three stages:

• In May, when the weather settles and becomes warm, cereals begin to be planted. The soil is well watered in advance.
• When the seedlings grow up to 15-20 cm, the field is flooded. The tops of the culture should look out of the water.
• Before harvesting, the water is drained. This is done 14-20 days before.

In the fields, the required water level is maintained by a system of canals. To get one kilogram of rice cereal, seven tons of water are spent. Grain is harvested using special combines and only on fine days. If fog hangs over the fields or it rains, the equipment does not enter the field.

Usage

Rice as the most important raw material is used by the medical, textile and perfume industries. It is used to make cardboard, paper, bags, ropes, baskets and many other products. Rice straw is used to feed livestock, although there is an undoubted benefit in it, since the husk is rich in nutrients. People mostly eat white rice. However, red is considered the best in Japan. It turns pinkish as a result of exposure to beneficial bacteria. The dishes prepared from it were eaten by the emperors.

Rice is the oldest and most widespread crop. Its grains, rich in amino acids, have excellent taste and are well absorbed by the body. The use of cereals is carried out in various areas of the national economy. Read about the technology of growing rice in the article.

Peculiarities

How does rice grow? For the comfortable growth of this culture, excessively moist soils are needed. This tropical annual loves shade. An important condition for its growth is the water regime in terms of development phases. For example, when seedlings appear, the soil must be saturated with water. In the future, favorable conditions are those when the field will be covered with a layer of water.

The process of grain swelling is influenced by temperature. At + 13 ° C, the seed absorbs water for five to six days to germinate, at + 17 ° C - two days, at + 27 ° C - 15 hours. The range in which the process of rice germination takes place is large: +12 ... +41 oC. The optimal temperature is +18 ° C, and the duration is up to three days. Grain ceases to germinate at +10 ... +12 ° C.

Rice in a crop rotation

Cultivation is carried out according to special 5-9-field crop rotations. To obtain high yields, the agro-reclamation conditions for growing rice must be good. For this, the fields are removed from the flooding. Dry-growing plants, usually fodder grasses, are planted on them, or areas are left for fallow. This means that the crop rotation includes grass and fallow fields.

After such predecessors as legumes and grasses, rice can be sown for three consecutive years. If the field was set aside for fallow - two years. It is not by chance that grasses are included in the rice crop rotation: they destroy bog weeds, saturate the soil with nutrients, and provide high quality forage.

The inclusion of the steam link is of great importance, especially for the implementation of repair work related to reclamation. In addition, fertility increases thanks to green manure. Rice fields under steam are sown with vetch, rapeseed, soybeans, peas, buckwheat and other plants, including mixtures.

Where does it grow?

Rice is cultivated in countries with tropical climates, but is also grown in the subtropics. Currently, the cereal is widespread in China, India, South America, Indonesia. In Asian countries, the crop is grown by hand. America, for example, has come up with a better way of planting - from an airplane to a field.

The cultivated rice grows in special flat fields flooded with water. Dry territories and plateaus are suitable for blasting unpretentious varieties. There is a wild form of rice, the appearance of which is different from the usual white rice. It is found in the USA and Canada on numerous small lakes.

Rice growing

The main types of farming for the cultivation of this crop are:

• Dry rice growing. It is used in regions with rare precipitation. Acceptable in regions with warm summers for sites, most of which are low-lying swampy areas.
• Spillage rice growing. For the cultivation of cereals, pouring meadows, or checks, are used. The bottom line is that the sites are deliberately flooded. For this, trenches are dug out and filled with water. But it is lowered half a month before harvesting, so the soil has time to dry out. This method of growing rice is the most common.

• Liman rice growing as a way of growing crops is considered ineffective in the modern world, although certain regions in the south and east of Asia practice it. Rice is cultivated in areas with frequent floods that occur during the spring and summer seasons. The river bays are also used for the cultivation of cereals.

Why does rice grow in water?

This culture is a plant that is not afraid of flooding. How does rice grow? The roots receive oxygen from the leaves, which take it from the air. Water supplies the plants with nutrition, it also helps to cope with weeds, thereby increasing yields. To create favorable conditions for the comfortable growth of rice, flat lands are divided into plots with the help of rollers. Channels are formed, which are filled with water.

Growing technology

The process of growing rice on checks does not depend on the weather, as it is completely controlled by humans. This method is most often used for growing cereals. Rice planting is carried out as follows:

• For growing seedlings, seeds are sown in special cells. Their germination is carried out at a temperature of +13 ... +16 ° C.
• Then the resulting seedlings are planted on the check.
• A few days later, the checks are flooded to the water level above the ground surface within 13-15 cm. For good growth, the plant needs warmth, so the air temperature should be at least +25 ... +30 ° C.
• When it's time to kill the weeds, the water goes down. After weeding, which is done by hand, the checks are refilled.
• In order for the rice to ripen and the earth to dry out, the water is drained before harvesting the cereals. Roughly, this should be done when the stems change from green to yellow.

How is rice grown in China?

Chinese breeders have bred 10 thousand varieties of this cereal. They differ from one another by the region and growing conditions, size, color and density of the grain, as well as the period of its ripening. Flooded fields are suitable for cultivating some varieties, while dry soil is suitable for others.

Rice cultivation in China is carried out in fields flooded with water. Farmers move along them on foot and by boat, regardless of the weather. A non-standard method is used for planting rice. How does rice grow? The seeds are sown in a special greenhouse. The soil is mud mixed with water. This is done in order to select the most viable plants.

How does rice grow? When the seedlings reach 10 cm in height, they are thrown into the water, they will take root in the soil on their own. When they grow up to 50 cm in height, they begin to bloom. The smell of flowers is reminiscent of boiled rice, but more delicate and sweet. At this time, grains begin to form.

After harvesting, rice is scattered directly on the roads for drying, after which it is sent to storage. In the warehouse, the humidity is constantly monitored. If the grains are provided with ideal conditions, rice is stored for 12 months, in packaged form - for three years. Every year, China produces 600 billion kilograms of rice, but still it is not enough to meet the needs of the entire population of the country.

The history of rice in Russia

Quite recently, the abundance of Kuban rice could boast the counters of Russian stores. They began to actively cultivate crops in our country under Khrushchev, these were small rice fields. Even earlier, Peter I, and later - revolutionary leaders after the proclamation of Soviet power, attempted to cultivate rice. And only when reclamation systems were created in the 60s of the last century, the industrial cultivation of cereals in the Krasnodar Territory became possible.

Rice of the Kuban

Currently, 90% of all rice in Russia is grown in the Krasnodar Territory. All conditions have been created for this in this region. The region is characterized by a favorable ecological situation and a unique climate. Rice cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory is carried out using such lands, which are called floodplain and flooded lands. Their location is the lower reaches of the Kuban River. It is always warm here and there is a supply of land resources. Due to the flat relief with small slopes, it is possible to build rice fields with large checks.

In the Kuban, modern technology is used to grow rice. The process of growing a crop can be conditionally divided into three stages:

• In May, when the weather settles and becomes warm, cereals begin to be planted. The soil is well watered in advance.
• When the seedlings grow up to 15-20 cm, the field is flooded. The tops of the culture should look out of the water.
• Before harvesting, the water is drained. This is done 14-20 days before.

In the fields, the required water level is maintained by a system of canals. To get one kilogram of rice cereal, seven tons of water are spent. Grain is harvested using special combines and only on fine days. If fog hangs over the fields or it rains, the equipment does not enter the field.

Usage

Rice as the most important raw material is used by the medical, textile and perfume industries. It is used to make cardboard, paper, bags, ropes, baskets and many other products. Rice straw is used to feed livestock, although there is an undoubted benefit in it, since the husk is rich in nutrients. People mostly eat white rice. However, red is considered the best in Japan. It turns pinkish as a result of exposure to beneficial bacteria.The dishes prepared from it were eaten by the emperors.