Where the best grapes are grown in Tajikistan

Grape - this is one of the oldest and dearest fruits of the Tajik people, which is called "Angur" in their native language. In Tajikistan, 38.1 thousand hectares of land were occupied for vineyards in 2016, which annually yield an average harvest of more than 0.5 million tons of grapes.

Photo of Tajikistan grapes with the Farmer and the President

More than 50 types of grapes are known to Tajik farmers and the best varieties in terms of profitability are such varieties as: Ladies' fingers (Husaini), Kishmish, Taifi pink, Zarifi, Regari and Bull's eye.

Due to climatic adaptability, grapes are grown only in 45 regions of Tajikistan, which is equal to 75% of the total number of regions of the country. The most advanced regions for growing grapes are Gissar, Istaravshan, Bobodzhon Gaffurovsky, Varzob, Dangara, Shakhrinavsky and Tursunzade districts where more than a thousand hectares of land are occupied by vineyards.

Assorted grapes

Even if Tajikistan produces more than half a million tons of grapes per year, everything is still being successfully implemented, since this is not a very large volume. If you divide the annual harvest by the population, then an average of 60 kg will come out.

On average, half of the harvest is exported abroad to countries such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan and Russia.

The earliest grapes grow in the Khatlon region of Tajikistan under the name "Gissar Early" which ripen in the middle of May. This grape variety was invented by Tajik breeders during the Soviet years. Thus, early - early maturing are sold at high prices from 1.5 to 2 US dollars. This variety is not very tasty, it is very vulnerable during transportation, which is difficult to export, the species is also not attractive as it is slightly reddish and does not taste sweet. All these qualities are appropriate since this variety does not have time to receive a sufficiently acceptable amount of sunlight and warmth.

Video grapes of Tajikistan

 

After the Gissar grape variety, early in early June, the “Zarifi” grape variety ripens, which is better than the comparator in appearance, taste and fruiting. This variety appears on the market around June 10-15 and is sold at a price of about 1$. In rare and small quantities, Zarifi grapes are exported to China and Russia by plane as they are very sensitive to transportation. This grape variety, along with the early Gissar grape, is grown in the country on only a few hundred hectares.

Zarifi grape

Mass ripening of grapes in Tajikistan begins at the beginning of August, and it is at the end of summer that you can truly enjoy Tajik grapes of such varieties as Husaini, Bychiy eye, Kishmish, Dzhavz (the sweetest), etc.

The most recent grape variety harvested from the field is Taifi.In early October and until the end of November, Taifi grapes are harvested from the fields and massively exported abroad at a price of $ 0.1 to $ 0.5. It is this variety that is more resistant to all factors, including: disease, transportation, competition, storage, etc.

Considering that Taifi is a very hard grape variety, it is stored in natural conditions, and it is stored in ordinary pantries until March (up to 5 months). Already in April and May, grapes are practically not found in the markets.

Taifi semi-pink

In Soviet times, factories for processing grapes worked on the territory of Tajikistan and from them were made wine, canned food, dried grapes (maiz) and exported. But in the aftermath of the civil war and the destruction of economic relations between the post-Soviet countries, many fields of wine varieties of vineyards, along with factories, were destroyed.

Today, with the aggravation of the relationship between Russia and European countries, including Turkey, Germany, Poland and other countries, the demand for Tajik fruits, in particular grapes, apples and vegetables, has grown. But this demand in implementation takes a long time and has special problems, such as:

1. To significantly increase the production of fruits (grapes) and thereby assist in providing fruit consumers in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to plant new vineyards that will be fruitful only in 3-4 years;
2. Since the economic crisis that began at the end of 2014 had a strong effect on the economy of Tajikistan and the opened new vineyards are almost unreal since there is no finance;
3. The transport issue is one of the most important aspects in this sector. Now, in order to deliver the goods to the northern countries, farmers spend huge amounts, as a result of which the cost of fruit becomes less competitive, and in most cases unprofitable;
4. Due to the fact that Tajikistan is not a member of the customs union, it will have to pay VAT on imported fruits into Russia, and as a result, the price of fruits rises and becomes less profitable;

Vineyard gardens

Even if Tajikistan will develop new rainfed lands for growing grapes and other fruits in order to enrich the Russian market, will there not be other problems between the countries as a result of which farmers and investments would not be affected.

Earlier, farmers in Tajikistan in growing grapes had problems with chemical treatments to protect them from various diseases, but today there are various drugs that greatly help farmers. The only thing is that some drugs are not effective and there is no need for more than one organ that would guarantee the quality of the drugs. And also there is no single body that would really help farmers to successfully implement their business. That is, today farmers from their own knowledge do agricultural business without knowing the correct way to achieve the goal.

Bulls-eye

It is worth saying that the cultivation of grapes for the inhabitants of the cold regions of Tajikistan is very burdensome, since every winter they bury the vineyards under the ground and dig them up in the spring. This is due to the fact that vineyards can tolerate frosts down to -20 degrees Celsius and if it becomes less, then they die. Proceeding from this, it is not grown in the mountainous regions, and without that there is no wide land plot in the mountainous regions.

In recent years, there has been the organization of tens of thousands of tons of aching fruit storage facilities near ailing cities. All this is due to the fact that during the harvest season, fruits are 2-5 times cheaper than in winter, and it is profitable for businessmen to store fruits and then resell them at more favorable prices.

Price of fruit in Dushanbe, Tajikistan

* For several thousand years, the greatest Persian-speaking poets, including Omar Khayam and Ferdowsi, wrote poems about grapes, mentioning it as one of the most important fruits of the peoples of Asia.

* In 2015, in order to bring 1 truck (refrigerator) of Taifi grapes from Tajikistan to Russia (Ufa, for example), it was necessary at least $ 6,000 for travel, $ 1,300 for customs, $ 1,200 for containers, for cargo (grapes) $ 3,000 and other expenses $ 2,000 and as a result, each kilogram of grapes will cost about $ 0.9, while in bulk in Russia from other countries of the world, tayfis are brought in and sold at a price of $ 0.9 to $ 1.0. This is to say that the margin that can be obtained from this trade is too small to cover possible risks.

* The grape yield in Tajikistan averages 15 tons per hectare (1-5 tons in rainfed lands and 5-50 tons in irrigated lands).

Grape fields in Tajikistan by region

Districts	Vineyards in (ha)
Istaravshan	3 470
B. Gafaurov	3 126
Hissar	3 110
Dangara	2 032
Tursunzade	1 789
Penjikent	1 589
Vahdat	1 458
Asht	1 421
Javan	961
Khuroson	958
Shakhrinav	840
Gakyil	761
Muminabad	630
Dushanbe	528
Rudaki	511
Vose	492
Mountain mastchoh	489
Shakhrituz	478
Vakhsh	410
A. Jomi	387
Bokhtar	380
Cubodien	377
Faizabad	368
Varzob	361
Temurmalik	328
Isfara	303
Shurabad	143
Hamadoni	141
Qumsangir	131
Nurek	121
Zafarabad	102
Hovaling	85
Kanibadam	70
Jabbor Rasulov	55
Kolkhozobod (Ch.Rumi)	44
N. Khusrav	41
Balchuwon	38
Spitamen	30
Punch	23
Shakhriston	22
Farhar	14
Jilikul	9
Kulyab	3
Rasht	3
Nurabod	2
Khorog	1
Total	28 635

Over the past 10 years, there were still 10 thousand hectares of vineyards, about which their decoding is not yet available to us.

Sufi parable from Rumi about the Grape

Somehow, four people walked together and in agreement: a Turk, a Persian, an Arab and a Greek, and somewhere they got a dinar. This dinar became the cause of a quarrel between them, because, having received it, they began to decide how to spend it. Persian said:

- Let's buy an Angur!

“Why buy an Angur, it’s better to buy an Einab,” objected the Arab.

But then the Turks intervened:

- Why argue? - he said. - We do not need either Angur or Einab, we must buy Uzum for this dinar!

The Greek also expressed his disagreement:

- If you really buy something, then you need to take the staphile! - he declared.

Each of them began to prove his innocence, and it came down to the kulaks. And all because at that moment they did not meet an expert who could explain to them that they all speak about the same thing, and that the words "Angur", "Einab", "Uzum" and "Stafil" mean "grapes Which they all wanted to buy, but each thought about it in their own language.

Video parable of Rumi

Grapes - this is one of the most ancient and native fruits that the Tajik people in their own language called "West Indian gherkin" th. In Tajikistan, for vineyards in 2015-th, 29 thousand hectares of land, which a year give an average yield of Bole 0.5 mln. tons of grapes were employed.

Comments (1)

Currently, more than 100 varieties are cultivated in the country, some of which have a good taste and give a rich harvest.

More than 10 varieties of grapes in Tajikistan, whose berries have their own taste and give a good harvest, are on the verge of extinction. This is the conclusion reached by scientists from the Center for Biotechnology of the Tajik National University. In the course of the study, it was found that out of 200 grape varieties that can be grown in Tajikistan, more than 100 varieties are currently cultivated, some of which have a good taste and give a rich harvest.

Rustam Kalandarov, an employee of the biotechnology center, believes that one of the reasons for the disappearance of grape varieties is that when the vineyards become old, instead of making cuttings and growing a new manhole, the vineyard is completely cut. Another reason, he says, is that the violation of agrotechnical norms in the cultivation of grapes, since men are in labor migration, and women cannot cope with keeping track of the vineyards, as a result of which rare grape varieties become sick, dry out and disappear.

The biotechnology center of the Tajik National University is studying the possibilities of growing 90 varieties of grapes. Most of the varieties are local and they are recommended for cultivation in different regions of Tajikistan.

Kalandarov noted that the biotechnology center is studying the possibilities of growing grapes in terms of yield, economic benefits and export potential.

The Barakat farm, located in the Gissar region, cultivates grapes on an area of ​​360 hectares.Of the ten varieties that are currently on the verge of extinction, only one is cultivated here, which gives up to 450 centners of the crop per hectare. Common grape varieties yield from 150 to 300 quintals per hectare.

Agronomist of the Barakat farm Abdumalik Mardonov noted that such varieties as Husaini, Taifi, Bull's Eye, Kishmish and others are grown on the vineyards. “Some varieties were imported from Afghanistan,” he said.

The Barakat farm annually collects up to 2500 tons of grapes, half of which is exported. According to the experts of the farm, different varieties of grapes are in great demand in the foreign market. The farm intends to revive the gardens of rare grape varieties with the assistance of the Center for Biotechnology of the Tajik National University.

Copyright (C) 2010 RFE / RL, Inc. Reprinted with permission from Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty

03 May 2012

More than 50 tons of grapes per hectare are harvested by the Tajik farmer Negmatjon Usmanov, last year an experienced farmer applied new fertilizers for the first time. The agricultural producer used top dressing to enrich the soil, as a result, the yield increased by 10 tons.

Thanks to fertilization, the number of fruits increases significantly, if usually 0.8-1 kilograms of grapes are obtained from one branch, then after top dressing 1.2-1.5 kilograms.

Today, many farmers use new fertilizers developed by Russian scientists; the drugs have already been tested in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.

This "sunny" berry has a wonderful taste and amazing properties. Among them are the enchanting and alluring beauty of the bunches with their expressive color, a delightful range of numerous color shades that have the best grape varieties, perfection and variety of forms of the fruits of this amazing culture. After all, it is not without reason that they say that this berry is first eaten with the eyes ...

Growing

Today, this culture, which was previously planted only in the southern regions, can also be seen in northern vegetable gardens or orchards. This became possible thanks to the work of breeders - they managed to create the best grape varieties, which are now grown in the North. This berry is considered one of the ancient cultures. Grapes have existed since the Bronze Age, as evidenced by numerous archaeological finds. There are bunches of it on ancient rock paintings, there are also on those excavated, including on the territory of our country, especially in the Crimea region, amphoras and jugs.

Apparently, therefore, for many centuries the natural evolution of this culture took place, new best grape varieties appeared, which are distinguished by the size of berries and bunches, excellent taste, etc.

Today, in the countries where this plant grows, there are more than seven thousand of its varieties. In the countries of the former Soviet Union, the best varieties of grapes were identified, including table grapes. These are the so-called indigenous species - Armenian, Dagestan, Georgian, Tajik, Uzbek. Many of them originated in a specific area, where they were cultivated for many decades and improved in quality.

In addition to domestic ones, the best grape varieties that were imported and introduced from such European countries as France, Spain, Italy and Germany played a rather big role in the planting of this culture in our country.

Nevertheless, the species of “local” origin are considered by specialists to be more adapted to the natural conditions of their native territory than those that were brought. As an example, we can bring the best Georgian grape varieties - Rkatsiteli and Saperavi, which are perfectly adapted to the Georgian climate, under the influence of which they were once formed.This is reflected not only in excellent yield, but also in excellent taste.

Views

Experts say that over the past twenty years, there has been a real boom in this berry crop in our country. Breeders annually grow up to ten new products, and all of them claim to be "the best grape varieties". However, in pursuit of the size of the bunches and fruits, in some species reaching even twenty-eight grams, some varieties lose their taste and useful properties.

Today this culture is very common in our gardens and vegetable gardens. But, in order for its cultivation to give the desired results, summer residents first need to understand the huge variety of species, find out which are the best grape varieties that are most suitable for a particular region.

According to the ripening period, this plant is divided into late and very late, early, early-middle, as well as middle and medium-late, and by purpose - into universal, table and technical. Each subgroup, in turn, consists of a fairly large number of subspecies, many of which are indeed the best in their category. Table grapes are considered to be of the highest quality. Most amateur gardeners prefer to plant them in their garden.

Benefits of table and wine types

They have an excellent presentation in comparison with other - universal and wine varieties. Today on the market there are numerous table varieties with a wide variety of characteristics of fruits, which are consumed mainly fresh. Many species are interesting because they are cultivated for the subsequent production of wine. For amateur gourmets, the best varieties of wine grapes should be distinguished by the following characteristics: sugar content of berries, presence of nutmeg taste, high yield of juice, and, what is important, resistance to frost and pests.

Ten

Novice gardeners and summer residents are always first of all interested in specialists what plants to plant on their plots. A culture like grapes is no exception. And although it is difficult to reliably answer the question of the best variety, breeders mainly mention the 10 best grape varieties, although most often each of them has its own preferences and "favorites". Nevertheless, for a very long time there have been such species that have not lost their taste, are excellent for a particular region. In addition, these are the ones that most often fall into the annual nomination "the best grape varieties", their photos are most often printed in special literature, etc.

Arcadia

The variety has long been a real decoration not only for home plots, but also for large plantations. It has earned such universal recognition due to not only the high quality of the crop, but also its great stability and very easy survival rate. Being an early grape, it deservedly occupies one of the places of honor in the world's top ten assortment. Arcadia is characterized by very large clusters, weighing two or more kilograms. This table variety has a fleshy and juicy pulp, a light nutmeg aroma.

Delight

This variety is always mentioned in the top ten as one of the first. In addition, it belongs to a very early variety. In addition to resistance to disease and frost, Rapture also has one more, but rather rare and, moreover, valuable advantage: its berries practically do not crack and do not rot at all.

White kishmish

This mid-season grape, popular in our country, has cylindrical wide-brimmed clusters. They are not very large - up to three hundred grams, but on the other hand, with fleshy and pleasant-tasting berries. This variety is considered one of the most popular. Its berries help a person get rid of irritability and stress. They have no bones at all. The skin on the fruit is thin and transparent, sometimes with small black dots.The flesh of the berries is fleshy, with a very pleasant taste.

Codryanka

This Moldovan variety has a very pleasant taste, pleasing the eye with its aesthetic forms. Extremely early ripening combined with high yield and high taste of its large dark purple oval berries made Codryanka indispensable for vine growers. The variety has deservedly occupied its stable place in the top ten table grapes for many years.

Lady fingers

Almost all gardeners know about this grape, which is called somewhat original. This mid-season variety with medium-sized clusters - large and elongated, is characterized by the absence of seeds and the shape of the berries - oval elongated. They are covered with a weak wax and have a moderately sour and moderately sweet taste.

Pleven

Over the years of fruiting in the gardens of our summer residents, the variety has shown the highest yield. Apparently, therefore, it is always in the top ten species. Pleven grows well on any soil, it is stable and resilient in all its characteristics. Its clusters are aligned, with identical, as if calibrated, elongated berries and with a harmonious taste. The variety is in high demand in the market, and it ripens very early.

The very early elegant

The grapes of this variety have proven their right to popularity. It ripens early, withstands frosts, rain and drought, and, moreover, practically does not get sick. The Elegance has beautiful bunches with large, egg-shaped berries of an original shape. It is very easy to normalize it, as gardeners testify, and there are no problems with pinching at all. The bunches of the variety are not damaged, and therefore they are in steady demand on the market. It is believed that these are “grapes for the lazy”.

Laura

The variety, according to breeders, shows great promise. In the south, Laura and Rapture mature within a week. The variety has very large oblong berries of a yellowish-golden color. The pulp of the fruit is crispy and tender. Laura's vine ripens well, easily tolerating frosts up to twenty degrees. In more severe cold weather, the plant needs shelter.

Talisman, or Kesha-1

Being a "descendant" of the famous Delight and a "parent" for many hybrid forms, this variety, due to its excellent characteristics - early ripening, high yield, resistance to pests or diseases, frost resistance and vigorous growth, is very popular among both amateurs and professionals. growing grapes on an industrial scale.

Strashensky

This variety withstands tough competition even with the best species. Its high drought tolerance allows it to grow and develop at a time when other forms wither and die. The variety has round dark blue berries that grow from a medium plum, as well as huge clusters that do not even fit in a five-liter bucket. At the same time, Strashensky is sensitive to overload, therefore, it must be normalized to obtain large bunches. The variety ripens by mid-August, confirming its reputation as one of the best large-berry grapes in the world.

Winegrowers who have experience in selling their own harvest know that the first thing a buyer pays attention to is the appearance of the grapes. Beautiful clusters, consisting of many large berries, are sure to be the first to attract the buyer, and the taste is evaluated a little later. Claiming to be called the best grape for the market, a variety should produce just such a yield. Bushes should withstand stable and high yields, be exposed to minimal risk of infection with crop-dangerous diseases and loss of ovary from pests. Thanks to the constantly ongoing selection work, winegrowers receive all new interesting varieties and forms, which, after testing, sometimes crowd out recognized leaders in the ranking of the best grape varieties.

Arcadia grapes: description and photo of the variety

Created by Ukrainian breeders from the crossing of Moldova and Cardinal Arcadia, today it is recognized as one of the best grape varieties in many regions of the country where viticulture is developed. The variety is classified as a table variety and yields a harvest 115–120 days after the beginning of the growing season.

The plant forms a vigorous, early maturing vine with a strong root system and good survival rate. Arcadia shows an average result in resistance to diseases of grapes, in order to protect the vine from mildew, two preventive treatments are needed, protection is also required from powdery mildew. The variety tolerates frosts down to –21 ° С. With changes in humidity, the berries sometimes crack, which affects the quality of the crop.

As can be seen from the description and photo, Arcadia grapes form large, at most dense clusters weighing from 0.5 to 2 kg. The shape of the brushes is cylindrical or close to conical. With a weight of about 15 grams, the berries of this market variety can grow larger than 2.8 cm. At the same time, the berries have a heart-shaped shape and a beautiful yellowish or white color. Since the variety is very high-yielding, the fruit cannot accumulate a lot of sugars, but with a slight acidity, the taste of Arcadia will not disappoint. It is refreshing, pleasant and light, which is especially well felt when consumed with fresh berries with a fleshy consistency.

Radiant Kishmish grape

The seedless berries of the medium early grape Kishmish Radiant are well known to consumers. The variety, bred in Moldova from crossing the grapes Cardinal and Kishmish pink, ripens in 125-130 days and is distinguished by high yields ripening on medium or vigorous bushes.

Kishmish Radiant does not differ in high frost resistance and is susceptible to infections of this culture. At the same time, the variety is demanding for the attention of the grower, and with proper care it compensates for the efforts, gives large and medium berries of a golden and red-pink range, up to 2.5 cm long and weighing up to 4 grams. I have ripe berries with a dense consistency and nutmeg taste and aroma. Clusters of one of the best grape varieties on the market reach 40 centimeters in length and can weigh over 600 grams. The crop is easily transported and stored for quite a long time.

Description and photo of grapes Codryanka

According to the photo and description of the grapes, Codryanka can rightfully be considered one of the most interesting modern varieties. It takes from 110 to 118 days to ripen the berries of Cordyanka, obtained from the parent varieties Marshalsky and Moldova. The cultivar forms a vigorous, high-yielding vine, capable of withstanding a mass of large clusters weighing from 400 to 1500 grams.

Among the disadvantages of the best grape varieties is crushing the berries, which can be dealt with by using gibberellin, which will make the berries grow and reduce the number of seeds in them. Usually, the fruits of grapes about 3 cm long and weighing about 7 grams are distinguished by a thick bluish-purple color, dense pulp and an inconspicuous skin. By the time of ripening, the berries accumulate quite a lot of sugar, but they acquire a pleasant taste even a little earlier. Brushes can be transported, stored well and do not lose their qualities for a long time if they remain on the bushes.

Hadji Murat grapes

The basis for the work of Tajik scientists in the breeding of Hadji Murat grapes was the Zabalkansky and Muscat Hamburg varieties. As a result, the variety became one of the contenders for the title of the best grape variety for the market, while berries ripen on vigorous bushes in 125-135 days.

Hadji Murat grapes survive frosts down to -22 ° C, but they feel better in a greenhouse or under winter shelter. Fruiting shoots of this variety ripen 75% or more, withstanding extremely large clusters weighing from 800 to 2500 grams and retaining their properties well during storage and transportation. The variety is high-yielding, tending to form a large number of ovaries, therefore, to ensure the quality of the berries, it is necessary to ration the future harvest.

The clusters of Hadji Murat grapes have an even conical shape and medium density. Ripe oval berries can weigh from 15 to 25 grams, have a dense almost black color, are covered with a gray waxy coating and have a decent taste.

Grape Pretty

It takes from 110 to 110 days to ripen the beautiful berries of the Krasotka grape variety, dark pink with a dense purple tip. Krasotka has bushes of medium vigor, fruit-bearing shoots ripening well and smooth, weighing about 500-700 grams of brush. The variety shows average resistance to common infections and pests.

The bunches contain elongated, about 3 cm long and weighing up to 6 grams of berries with a good fresh taste, juicy and rather fleshy pulp and hardly noticeable when biting through the skin. Berries of grapes Beauty with an excess of moisture at the ripening stage can sometimes burst. The fruits of this variety gain sweetness well, but they cannot compete with the brightness of taste with varieties for personal use.

Monarch grapes: photo and description of the variety

When choosing the best varieties for the market, Monarch grapes can be awarded the attention of gardeners and specialists, since with medium ripening periods it gives large, high quality brushes weighing about 900 grams. The variety shows a high yield. One vine produces at least 7 kg of fresh berries of commercial quality.

According to the photo and description, Monarch grapes are distinguished by high growth vigor, good rooting of cuttings and ripening of more than 65% of the length of the shoots. The variety is frost-hardy and demonstrates high and medium resistance to the known diseases of this crop. A characteristic feature of this grape is the large, 20-gram oval berries of a beautiful yellow color. The pulp has a juicy, but not liquid consistency and a wonderful, rich taste. After ripening, being on the vine, Monarch grapes, as in the photo and in the description, almost do not lose their quality, they can be stored and transported for a long time.

Galahad grapes

The extremely early hybrid Galahad grape in the Kuban and other areas of viticulture yields a harvest within 95-100 days after the start of the growing season. The plant received the title of the best grape variety for the market due to the highest taste, good vigor of the bushes, the ability to winter at air temperatures down to -25 ° C, as well as noteworthy resistance to harmful fungi and rot.

The grapes give beautiful, weighing up to 1.1 kg, medium density conical bunches. The average length of oval, large amber berries is 2.6 cm. The weight of a fleshy, pleasant texture and sweet berry reaches 12 grams.

Photo and description of Super-extra grapes

The hybrid of early maturity obtained by E. Pavlovsky yields a harvest 100–110 days after the appearance of the first leaves. By the end of July, on vigorous bushes of Super-Extra grapes, you can see large, up to 1.5 kg in weight, clusters of medium friability. The variety is high-yielding, so the grower must deal with the rationing of the ovary and inflorescences.

According to the description and photo of grapes Super-Extra brushes consist of oval or ovoid large berries weighing 7-8 grams. The color of the berry is white or light amber. The berries gain sweetness very quickly, their pulp is pleasant, dense with a sufficient amount of juice.

Grapes are good at withstanding diseases and winter frosts. After collection, brushes can be transported and stored, the only drawback is the variety of berries inside the bunch.

Grapes Buffet

Bearing fruit 115–125 days after the start of the growing season, the Furshetny grape was bred in Ukraine by the breeder V.V. Zagorulko from the Kuban variety and the Gift to Zaporozhye. According to the data obtained by winegrowers who have already managed to get acquainted with this grape, Furshetny has an average resistance to fungal attack and successfully hibernates at a temperature of -22 ° C. Powerful bushes of this species actively form shoots, almost completely ripening by autumn.

The brushes on the bushes are dense, closer to cylindrical in shape. The weight of a bunch of oval berries weighing up to 16 grams, from 600 to 800 grams. The length of an individual berry is about 3.5 cm, the color is dark, reddish-purple with a pronounced waxy bloom. One of the best grape varieties has a great taste with notes of raisins and ripe mulberry.

The description of the Furshetny grape variety does not end with the acquaintance with the best varieties for the market. Read on for the best grape varieties for sale. We hope that our selection will help you make your choice and start growing grapes for sale.

Video about the best grape varieties

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The best grape varieties are annually determined by the best winegrowers of all countries. Top 10 of these varieties are announced in our country as well. When compiling a rating, breeders take into account the opinions of breeding experts, winemakers, connoisseurs and simply lovers of these delicious fruits.

Monarch grapes are one of the most popular varieties

Significant qualities of grape varieties

Finding out which species of this plant can rightfully be considered the best, enthusiastic breeders and novice winegrowers take into account the most significant qualities of a particular variety, which include:

• disease resistance;
• yield;
• the ability to adapt to a variety of climatic conditions; climbing;
• accuracy of fruits;
• the size of the bunch;
• the size of individual berries.

Do not forget to determine the juiciness and sugar content, and the color of the fruit, and their shape. An important factor of the varieties included in the TOP is the ripening period, the possibility of damage by insects such as wasps or ants. Taking into account the fact that the delivery time of the harvested grapes from the supplier to the consumer can be quite long, it is important, when evaluating each variety, to pay attention to its ability to maintain its presentation and taste for a certain time.

Arcadia grapes produce impressive yields

The most famous and demanded varieties

The requirements for fruit when determining the best grape varieties are multifaceted. The TOP 10 includes early and late species, sweet and sour, large and small berry. Popularity depends on the purpose for which the vine is grown. Many plant species are used for sap production, and a huge number of fruits are used in winemaking. Most of the fruits were artificially bred by crossing different varieties, but this only added to their positive qualities. Top 10 best included:

1. Arcadia. Table grapes, artificially bred from Cardinal and Moldova varieties, have rounded berries, a large bunch weighing up to 800 grams. The ripening period reaches 110 - 120 days. According to many winegrowers, these are unsurpassed berries that can withstand frost down to -20 degrees Celsius and are extremely resistant to various diseases.
2. Sofia was bred using species such as Kishmish and Arcadia. Its bunch with large, fleshy and juicy berries weighs about a kilogram. Light pink berries retain all their properties and taste even at a frost of -20 degrees Celsius.
3. Bazhena. This species is based on such well-known varieties as Arcadia and Gift of Zaporozhye. Its distinctive feature is a rich sweet taste and high yield. Conical bunches weigh up to 1.5 kilograms, each berry can weigh up to 15 grams, be up to four centimeters long and two centimeters wide.
4. Libya is artificially bred from Arcadia and Flamingo. One of the fastest maturing species. Its fruits are ready for harvesting 100-105 days after the ovary. Cone-shaped clusters weighing up to one kilogram consist of berries, each weighing up to 13 grams, tightly planted to each other. Juicy and sweet, they have a characteristic rich taste and bright color.These fruits are resistant to various diseases, frost, winds and temperature extremes.
5. Harmony. Crossing the grapes Dzhemete and Saperavi gave their results, and got a wonderful technical look, with a long bunch filled with bright, almost black berries, sweet and juicy, withstanding a cold snap to - 25 degrees Celsius. This grape is irreplaceable in winemaking.
6. Ruslan. This variety was created when working with such species as Kuban and Zaporozhye Gift. It has established itself as a species, the fruits of which are used to make juice and delicious wine. The berries are large, dense, juicy, dark blue with a dense skin. Large clusters weigh up to 800 grams. It entered the TOP due to the fact that it ripens early, has a high yield, resistance to disease and frost down to -24 degrees Celsius.
7. Monarch. Its large, oblong, amber berries are well known to winemakers. It is not distinguished by early ripening, but it also does not belong to the grape varieties that ripen for a long time. Harvesting can be started 125 days after the ovary is set. Each bunch reaches 700 grams, and individual berries weigh up to 15 grams. This species is able to withstand frost down to -23 degrees, but cannot boast of a high degree of resistance to various kinds of diseases. The berries are pleasant to the taste, sweet, juicy with a slight hint of nutmeg, and are used for juicing and in winemaking.
8. Kseniya. This table grape variety rightfully bears the title of the favorite fruit of winemakers. Its dense and juicy berries are filled with sweet juice, they are colored amber-pink, each weighing up to 15 grams. And folded into a bunch weighing up to 700 grams. The taste of the berries is so attractive that they make an excellent juice. It was bred artificially and its second name Angelica is better known to the consumer. Ksenia is frost-resistant, can withstand temperatures down to -23 degrees Celsius. Grapes are rightfully included in the TOP of the best varieties.
9. Transfiguration. One of the most popular and not the largest types. The berries are bright pink, reaching 3.5 centimeters long and about 2.5 centimeters wide. Each bunch weighs up to one kilogram. The fruits are juicy and sweet, firm with a hard skin. It is used by winemakers and for the production of juice. In terms of ripening, it is one of the early varieties included in the TOP. It is ready to harvest 110 days after the ovary is set. Resistance to diseases and low temperatures can be called a positive feature.
10. The anniversary of Novocherkassk was bred by Krainov and entered the TOP as an interspecific hybrid. It is one of the best early grape varieties and matures in 110 days. Bunches of medium density weigh about 1.5 kilograms, and each berry reaches a weight of 18 grams. The bunch is cone-shaped with large oval berries, fleshy, dense and very pleasant to the taste. A distinctive feature is frost resistance. The grapes can withstand temperatures as low as -24 degrees and give a guaranteed high yield.

Xenia grapes have delicious berries

Working with famous varieties and novelties

Most of the grape varieties included in the TOP are fruits that have long been known and have proven themselves only on the positive side. But there are new items on this list that deserve no less attention. Breeders are constantly looking for something new and better, achieving even higher yields. They are working to solve problems such as:

• resistance to emerging diseases;
• climate change;
• drought or high humidity.

Changing the list of those types of grapes that are included in the TOP of the best, they take care of promoting more and more new types of grapes, the fruits of which have bright taste qualities. To this end, experts conduct experiments in different regions, seeking the opportunity to compete with imported varieties and defending their positions.

Crossing well-known varieties, working to create new, more productive ones, growers expand the areas where young seedlings are planted and create all conditions for them in order to obtain high yields of high-quality food.

The development of winemaking and the active production of juices is an incentive to work on the creation of new tasty, high-yielding grape varieties.

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People began to grow grapes more than six thousand years ago. It comes in two varieties - technical and dining. The first group includes varieties that are used for the manufacture of juices and the production of alcoholic beverages - wines and cognacs, the second group - table species.

What grapes are called table grapes?

Distinctive features of such grapes are beautiful appearance and high taste. Large sweet clusters are eaten fresh, without processing. They tolerate transportation well. The berries have few seeds, thin skin and fleshy flesh. The most popular and elite grape varieties are presented below.

The most popular and best varieties

Arcadia

Grape variety Arcadia

The result of crossing Moldova and Cardinal, combined the successful properties of their parents. Consumers appreciate large bunches that can reach two kilograms, and gardeners appreciate resistance to low temperatures and high immunity. Juicy light pulp of berries captivates with a delicate sweet taste and aroma of nutmeg when fully ripe. This early variety is the leader in yield, if you normalize the number of inflorescences, feed the bush in time. An excess amount of moisture can lead to cracking of ripening Arcadia berries, therefore, watered with caution, taking into account weather conditions.

Delight

Grape variety Delight

Very early ripening variety. The berries are large, with a refined nutmeg taste and a loose skin with a waxy coating. The vine can withstand temperatures up to 26 ° C frost, therefore, cultivation in the northern regions is allowed. The high immunity of the Delight variety helps fight fungal diseases and mildew, but you need to treat the bush from phylloxera. The yield is high, the fruits can be left on the bush for up to 1.5 months after ripening, while the taste remains excellent.

Experienced gardeners claim that this grape has no drawbacks.

White kishmish

White Kishmish grapes

An ancient dessert type with a medium ripening period. The bunches are small. Seedless small oval berries, juicy, very sweet and not tart. Their skin is thin and transparent. Due to their fragility, the fruits are not stored for a long time and have low transportability. After harvesting, you need to either eat them immediately, or use them to dry raisins. Dried fruits made from Kishmish are a tasty and healthy delicacy. The vine is powerful, but the yield is low. Average frost resistance. Requires protection from pests and diseases. Needs pruning and crop rationing.

Kesha

Kesha grape variety

Improved Delight with beautiful brushes. White berries are sweet, with a slight sourness and 2-3 large seeds... Kesha is a medium early variety, very tall, with excellent transportability and frost resistance. It develops well if it has a supply of perennial wood. Will appreciate planting in a sunny place and fertile soil. Moderate watering, thinning bunches, and regular feeding have a beneficial effect on yield.

Strashensky

Grapes Variety Strashensky

Handsome man with black berry, medium-early ripening. The fruits are juicy, the grapes are delicious. Bunches of medium density, high-quality type, usually weigh up to 1 kg. Poorly tolerates long-term transportation, average winter hardiness. There is uneven ripening, so the crop is cut selectively.The load on the bush will decrease, the remaining fruits will pick up sugar well. This variety has a reduced resistance to gray mold and powdery mildew, but is good at fighting phylloxera, mildew and spider mites. Needs pruning, depending on the growing region.

Laura

Laura grape variety

Table form of grapes of the superearly ripening period. Amber pulp contains a lot of sugar. The taste is rich, pleasant, with nutmeg notes. Large beautiful clusters are a distinctive feature of the variety, some record-breaking brushes weighing up to 2.4 kg. High transportability, popular with buyers and suitable for beginner winegrowers. Resists mildew and gray rot, withstands temperatures up to 20-23 ° C frost. The Laura variety needs pollination during flowering and medium pruning, while preserving perennial wood. The bush is loaded optimally, leaving 30% of non-fruiting shoots. Such a plant will have the strength to form beautiful large brushes that will ripen on time.

Moldova

Grapes variety Moldova

A time-tested species, purple berries with a waxy bloom. The bunches are medium in size, the fleshy flesh has a simple taste. Ripening dates are late or medium late. Frost resistance is not very high. Requires careful shaping of the bush - a vigorous vine does not like thickening. Perfectly resists fungal diseases and phylloxera, treatment is needed only against powdery mildew. There is an increased sensitivity to calcareous chlorosis. Used for growing on a gazebo, the bunches retain their decorative appearance and pleasant taste for a long time on the bush. It tolerates transportation well.

Timur

Grape variety Timur

An early ripening hybrid. White berries with a nutmeg aroma, a slight amber or slightly brown tan appears in the sun. The brushes are medium in size, dense. Cuttings give a small "trial" crop already in the second year after planting. High frost resistance and resistance to gray rot and mildew. Timur grapes often fall prey to ticks. If the leaves "swell" and redness appears, you need to treat the grapes with a sulfur-containing preparation. Experienced growers praise Timur for the ease of cultivation and early maturation. Care consists in regular watering, feeding and pruning.

Lady fingers

Grape variety Ladies fingers

An old mid-season variety that, despite the difficulties in its care, continues to be grown by many growers. The weight of one hand is about half a kilogram. Berries of the Ladies' fingers are elongated in shape, with a classic harmonious taste and mouth-watering aroma, pitted. Not resistant to low temperatures, can die already at 10 ° C frost, therefore needs shelter for the winter. Productivity is changeable, depending on weather conditions. The vine is sensitive to diseases and pests; regular treatment with appropriate preparations is necessary. Recommended for experienced gardeners.

Gourmets consider this variety to be the standard of grape taste.

Mascot

Grape variety Talisman

Mid-early grapes are yellow-white in color. Vigorous seedlings are excellent resistance to mildew and gray rot, and are resistant to low winter temperatures. Ripe bunches weigh a little more than a kilogram on average. The fruits are large, with a nutmeg aroma. Already ripe brushes can hang on the bush for a long time without losing their taste and retaining their marketable appearance. A transportable variety that does not require shelter for the winter. A record harvest can be achieved with proper agricultural technology and additional pollination before flowering.

Grapes are a wonderful gift of nature, a child of the gentle sun and fertile land. There are no ideal varieties, but you can always find a species that suits the growing conditions and personal preferences of the gardener.