Content
This article will discuss how you can grow roses from seeds at home.
- What types of roses can be grown from seeds.
- Where to get seeds.
- Storage, stratification and sowing of rose seeds at home.
- How to care for seedlings.
- Planting rose seeds in the garden.
Growing a rose from seeds is a slow process that requires patience. In what cases do they resort to this method of propagating roses?
- Well, firstly, you can get a sufficient number of seedlings with little material costs.
- And secondly, if you like to experiment and want to grow your "special" roses.
What types of roses can be grown from seeds
Not all varieties of roses give a full-fledged seed material from which flowers will grow that have the characteristics of a variety of the mother plant. Rosehip varieties reproduce well by seeds: spiny rose, cinnamon, wrinkled, canina rose.
Rose canina
Most often they are grown for use as a rootstock. Polyanthus, miniature and Chinese roses can also be grown from seeds at home.
Polyanthus roses.
But hybrid forms of roses cannot be propagated in this way. The resulting plant will not resemble the rose from which the seed was obtained.
Where to get seeds for planting
Rose seeds can be purchased at a flower shop or harvested by yourself. Of course, there is a wide variety of seeds available in online stores today. Unfortunately, it is far from always that the same beautiful specimens grow from the purchased seed material as in the photo from the package. In addition, purchased seeds may be of poor quality.
Many gardeners choose to harvest their own seeds. The best time to collect is the second half of summer. The fruits are cut off slightly unripe, when the seed coat has not yet hardened. These seeds germinate very well.
The fruits are cut with a knife and the seeds are separated from the pulp, then washed and disinfected in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 20 minutes. A solution of potassium permanganate is also suitable for this purpose.
Storing, stratifying and sowing rose seeds at home
For storage, the seed is poured with river washed sand. The containers are removed in the refrigerator or in the basement. The optimum storage temperature is 3-4 degrees.
An important step in growing a rose from seed is the stratification of the seed. Under natural conditions, a fallen seed hibernates in the soil under a snow cover. By the beginning of spring, the dense shell softens, the seed swells and germinates with the arrival of heat.
Stratification - this is the creation of such conditions artificially. The seed is moistened and kept at a temperature of 2-5 degrees for 2 months.
Before the start of stratification, it is advisable to treat seed material with growth stimulants in order to improve seed germination. Root, epin, heteroauxin, etc. will do.
1 way of stratification:
Rose seeds are wrapped in any moisture-retaining material (cotton pads, tissue napkin in several layers), moistened and placed in a plastic container or in a plastic bag.
Keep the seeds in the refrigerator or other cold place, periodically checking for mold. If mold is found, remove damaged seeds, rinse the rest, disinfect and continue stratification.
As soon as the sprouts break through, the seeds must be planted in the ground. It is convenient to use peat tablets or small plastic containers for planting. It is not necessary to deepen the seeds, you can only slightly press them into the ground and sprinkle with perlite or vermiculite with a layer of several millimeters. Cover crops with foil and put in a warm place until sprouts appear.
2 way of stratification:
Rose seeds, treated with growth stimulants, are sown immediately in small containers with soil. The soil should be light, breathable. For this purpose, vermiculite can be added up to 1/3 of the volume. Treat the soil with phytosporin or other biofungicide. Sprinkle on top with vermiculite or sand and cover with plastic wrap.
Two weeks after sowing, the containers are removed to the refrigerator for stratification. Crops should be checked periodically and moistened if necessary. Stratification lasts 2 months. It is important not to miss the moment when sprouts appear.
The seeds of a polyanthus and a miniature rose must be stratified using one of the methods described above. To grow strong seedlings by May, start in December-January.
Angel wings
But the popular rose "Angel Wings" can be grown bypassing the stage of stratification by planting seeds directly into the ground in February. Spread the seeds treated with a growth stimulant on the surface of the soil in small containers or in peat tablets. Sprinkle the crops with vermiculite, cover and put in a warm place.
Seedlings usually break through within two weeks. If no shoots appear, refrigerate for two weeks. Such short-term stratification sometimes helps, and long-awaited sprouts appear. Be sure to check the crops more often so as not to miss the germination time of the sprouts.
Seedling care
Light mode. As soon as the sprouts of the rose began to break through, the container is exposed to light, but direct sunlight must be avoided. To prevent the plants from stretching, organize additional lighting up to 10-12 hours a day and the optimal temperature is not higher than 20 degrees.
Disease prevention. To prevent the soil from souring, you can very carefully loosen the top layer. For the prevention of fungal diseases, it is good to use biological preparations: phytosporin, glyocladin, phytolavin, etc.
Seedling picking. When 3-4 real leaves appear, pick the seedlings. First, sprinkle the earth with water so that an earthen ball forms around the roots. In the prepared pots, you need to transfer the seedlings along with an earthen lump and carefully fill up the soil, without squeezing around the roots. Water a little and add more soil. By acting in this way, you will avoid damage to the thin delicate roots of the rose.
Seedling care is usual: good lighting, moderate watering, top dressing. Cut the first buds that appear shorter. Then the root system will develop better and lateral shoots will appear.
In mid-May, young bushes can be planted in a permanent place in the garden.
Planting rose seeds in the garden
It is also possible to grow a rose from seeds in a seedless way, by sowing the seeds directly into the ground in the fall.
For autumn planting in the garden, no preliminary seed stratification is required. These processes will take place naturally in winter under snow cover.
The bed must be prepared before the onset of frost. Dig up the soil, add compost, peat and make grooves 1.5 cm deep. Before sowing, the seed can be treated with a growth stimulator. Sow 10 cm apart.
Crops should be mulched with peat. In case of a little snowy winter, the garden bed can be covered. Covering cloth, hay, leaves will do.In April, remove the covering material and wait for shoots. To preserve moisture in the top layer of the soil, it is better to mulch the bed. Peat, humus, compost are well suited as mulch.
To protect seedlings from spring frosts, you can organize a film shelter in the form of a small greenhouse. Further care of the seedlings is usual: feeding, watering, measures to prevent fungal diseases, protection from pests.
An interesting video about growing a rose from seed:
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If you figure out how to grow roses from seeds, you can significantly improve your existing garden plot without additional investments that are necessary to buy expensive seedlings. Despite the fact that many people who grow roses are extremely skeptical about the possibility of seed propagation of roses, nevertheless, with the right approach, it is quite possible to get good planting material.
However, it must be remembered that roses are extremely whimsical plants, therefore, the technology of germinating their seeds should be followed precisely in order to get strong seedlings, ready for planting in the garden. Among other things, using certain techniques, it is possible to grow from seeds and indoor polyanthus rose, which is traditionally propagated by cuttings or shoots.
Preparation of rose seeds and soil
Seeds obtained from overripe fruits harvested around mid-August are ideal for germination. Since it is not easy to grow roses from seeds, you should pay close attention to the details.
In order to properly prepare the seeds, you should prepare in advance:
- the fruits of roses of the desired variety;
- hydrogen peroxide solution;
- deep sieve with fine meshes;
- cotton wool;
- plastic bags;
- latex gloves.
Fruits that are dry or showing signs of rot are not suitable for germination and should be discarded immediately.
First of all, high-quality seed material should be obtained from the most suitable fruits. To do this, each fruit should be carefully cut with a short, sharp knife, and being careful not to damage the small seeds that are contained in its center.
The seeds must be removed from the pulp of the fruit, as otherwise, they are unlikely to be able to germinate. Further, in order to grow a rose from seeds, the planting material should be treated to exclude its infection with fungus or mold. In this case, carefully place the seeds on the bottom of the sieve, which is then placed in a deep plate filled with hydrogen peroxide.Seeds should be soaked in hydrogen peroxide for at least 2-3 hours in order to achieve high-quality disinfection.
After that, cotton swabs should be thoroughly soaked in hydrogen peroxide, after which rose seeds are gently laid on them with tweezers, which should be further covered with another wet cotton swab. The resulting cotton pads should be carefully moved into plastic bags, which should be tied in the future.
Germination areas should appear within 2-3 weeks, indicating that the seeds are ready for planting. It is extremely problematic to obtain high-quality seedlings of roses in the open field. It is best to grow seedlings on special peat tablets.
These tablets can be purchased at any gardening store. The peat tablets should be moved into cups or small pots and filled with water so that they swell enough to grow seedlings.
Further, germinated rose seeds are placed in special pits that are on peat tablets, which quickly take root on a fertile substrate... In most cases, additional fertilization is not required, since peat tablets contain all the substances necessary for plant growth and development. As the substrate dries, it is necessary to water the growing seedlings little by little.
It is very important that the seedlings become sufficiently strong and acquire a powerful root system, since only in this case can they quickly take root in the open field.
Growing a rose from a seed takes place at a temperature of about 18-20 ° C, and it is very important that the light regime is at least 10 hours... When the first buds form on the seedlings, they must be carefully torn off even before transplanting them into the open ground, since only in this case the plants will form a powerful root system, which will make it easier for the formed seedlings to take root in the open ground.
Growing roses (video)
How to care for rose seedlings
After the seedlings on peat tablets are strong enough, you can start transplanting them into open ground. This stage of growing roses from seeds is extremely responsible, since the transplanting process is quite traumatic for the plants, and if this procedure is carried out incorrectly, they can die. For transplanting, it is best to use only the strongest and smoothest shoots that will accurately take root on the site.
Roses are quite whimsical plants that require a well-lit area rich in nutrients, so it should be prepared in advance.
Planting roses is one of the most crucial stages, so it is best to add a large amount of substrate, as well as river sand, to the soil on which planting is planned. Among other things, the introduction of special fertilizers will be useful. In addition, often, if there is high humidity in the area, it is necessary to drain the old garden hoses under the area over which the roses will grow, which will protect the sprouts from getting wet.
Given that all roses are extremely thermophilic crops, they should be provided with a greenhouse effect immediately after planting. This is not difficult to do. Miniature greenhouses can be made from wooden slats, as well as regular greenhouse plastic wrap.
Having formed a cube from wooden slats, the film should be fixed on it. Thus, there will be higher humidity and higher temperature under the film, which will allow the plant to adapt to new conditions faster. In the first year after planting, seedlings often do not produce high-quality flowers. In the fall, it is imperative to prepare rose bushes for wintering.
How to grow roses from seeds (video)
Many gardeners are experimenting with growing different types of roses in the home. Colorful bushes can be grown from cuttings or cuttings, as experimenters often do.
But is it possible to grow a rose from seeds? Gardeners with great experience for years have carried out such manipulations and share valuable tips that will help you grow a Chinese rose at home on the site.
Roses at home: important points
Growing roses with seeds from China is considered to be quite painstaking, efficient and profitable business. The advantage lies in the fact that with the help of cuttings it is not possible to achieve germination of a large number of strong shoots. The interest lies in the very process of growing your own roses, they will delight not only the owners of the house, but also those around them. If there are children, then they can also be involved in this activity, they really like such fascinating processes.
To grow roses from seeds, you must be very careful - this is an important factor.It is also important to have great patience, because the first flowering begins only a couple of years after planting flowers at home. Each method of planting flowers has its own pros and cons that you need to know about before getting down to business of growing Chinese roses at home.
Seating material from the online store
Unlike cuttings, seeds from China are inexpensive at a price, you can buy them much more for the same amount. On such sites there is a varied assortment, and the prices for the colors of the bud are significantly reduced, the price allows everyone to purchase such a product. Also, there is practically no need to spend money on flower delivery.
Naturally, there are many fraudulent online stores that offer defective products, but don't be upset. To reduce the risks of fraud, it is recommended to study the site and pay attention to the seller's rating, look at the reviews, only after that you can buy the desired planting material.
Same
It is very difficult to resist the temptation to purchase a huge amount of seeds in one package. One package contains about 100 pieces of rose seeds, this, in turn, increases the chances of germination of the material. The likelihood of the emergence of flowers in a different color is allowed, but it should be encouraging that they have begun to germinate.
Rainbow and black varieties
Speaking of Chinese rainbow roses, in most cases you can buy rose seeds of a different color, however, you can run into weed seeds, you can also get a color that does not match the packaging, with a certain hint of a rainbow rose.
The thing is that rainbow roses do not exist, it is ordinary white roses that have been painted in bright colors... Even this dyeing technology requires certain skills, it was developed by one inventive gardener from the Netherlands.
However, you can paint roses at home, only cut, and coloring is done with food paints. Flowers must be placed in water. The approximate cost of rainbow colors is $ 56.
Seeds from China
After purchasing a package of seeds, you should check and select high-quality and whole seeds for planting. In the PRC, seeds have to be selected by hand, so some seeds from a different plant species may be in the package. Experienced gardeners offer several options for growing roses from seeds at home. Basic methods:
- The first way is cold hardening of seeds before planting... They should be placed in the refrigerator on the lower shelf away from the freezer. Some growers put it in the cold for several days, the seeds must be dry. Other gardeners wait for the seeds to start growing right in the refrigerator. There is also a combined stratification - the seeds are exposed to periodic cold and heat. Stratification differs into the following types: combined, cold and warm.
The second way is placing seeds in a damp place... To do this, it is recommended to place the planting material in a pre-moistened cloth: a rag, gauze or cotton pads, the cloth should also be soaked in hydrogen peroxide. Then the seeds, wrapped in cheesecloth, are placed in a container, which must be closed. The place must be selected dark, not too warm and cold. For germination, you can choose many ways, but the principle of further growing a rose from seeds at home is carried out practically according to the same scheme.- Another method is artificial growth acceleration with the help of special stimulants. The method is great even for overdried planting material.
- This method is laborious and not effective enough. In order to achieve this method of seed growth, it is necessary to perform planting in open soil, it is recommended to plant in August.But for planting material, preliminary disinfection should be performed. The seeds are planted in the ground to a depth of 5 mm, if the soil is dry, then it must be slightly moistened.
In the spring, the resulting seedlings are planted. To do this, you need to eliminate possible drafts and provide daily care for the flowers.
Proper care of seedlings
The germination period is 6-12 months. The first shoots must be planted in garden pots. To grow quality flowers, you must follow the proven rules:
- The soil is picked up without stones, the sprouts are transplanted very carefully so that no damage occurs... If the sprouts begin to sprout in the warm season, then they can be planted in the garden, but it should not be too cold outside.
- Water the seedlings in such a way that there was no excess moisture, but overdrying the soil is also not recommended. In the process of reproduction of sprouts, you need to cover the flowerpots with a film to form a greenhouse effect. You have to wait until the flower grows a couple of centimeters from the ground.
The sprout needs to be provided with light... The plant is illuminated for at least 10 hours, and the temperature regime is also controlled. By observing these rules, you can avoid the formation of a "black leg". When the growing rose becomes strong and grows, it should be rearranged to a calm place, but the sun's rays should not be allowed to hit the flower.- The plant must be constantly accustomed to the outdoor climate, so the time the flower stays on the street increases significantly every time. In May, after such hardening, the rose should be transplanted into the garden on open soil. The working earthen area is loosened, mixed with chalk, peat and sand.
It is important! Until the time when transplanting into open soil, the first bud must be removed. This should be done so that the plant does not give all its strength to this part of the flower. If you do not perform this procedure, the rose may get sick, and further reproduction will stop.
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