How to properly grow tomato seedlings in a greenhouse?

Tomatoes enjoy the well-deserved attention and love of gardeners due to their excellent taste and benefits for the body. Everyone dreams of growing ripe, juicy, huge, fleshy fruits. A reliable method of obtaining a rich harvest is growing tomatoes in a greenhouse.

It has many valuable advantages and benefits:

1. Earlier harvest: you can plant tomatoes in the greenhouse as early as April.
2. Greenhouse conditions are preferable to open ground: plantings are protected from rain and hail, scorching sun, pests.
3. Plants do not require frequent watering and fertilization.
4. The yield of tomatoes in the greenhouse is higher: the heat-loving culture feels great indoors and bears fruit well.
5. Greenhouse tomatoes last longer.

Experienced gardeners know how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse and share their secrets.

Variety selection

To grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, you need to purchase seeds for greenhouses. It is important to decide in advance on the purpose of the harvest, because vegetables for sale, canning or salads differ in properties.

All varieties of tomatoes can be divided into 2 types:

1. Determinant - short, suitable for small greenhouses (large and sweet pink "Spring of the North" and "Masha Doll", large ultra-resistant to weather conditions "Bourgeois" and "Azhur").
2. Indeterminate - better tolerate weather conditions, grow in height as long as they allow, suitable for large greenhouses (fast-growing "Russian Happiness", sweet salad "Major", leading variety "Sprut").

Soil and seed preparation

All stages of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse depend on the quality of the soil: from planting to ripening. Planting seeds in ordinary soil is the most common mistake of inexperienced and novice gardeners. The soil in the greenhouse must be rich in organic and mineral substances. It is worth paying attention to a mixture of soil, peat and sand in equal quantities.

Mix well, pour it with a nutrient solution:

• 25-30 g of potassium sulfate;
• 10 g of carbamide;
• 25-30 g superphosphate;
• 10 liters of water.

Before planting, seeds are treated with Fitosporin solution (2-4 drops are diluted in a glass of water and soaked for 2-3 hours). The bright color of the seeds in the package indicates that they have already been processed. Seed washing is not required.

Sowing seeds and picking seedlings

Seeds for seedlings are sown in boxes 5-8 centimeters high. Having poured the soil, it is tamped a little, grooves are made with a depth of 1-1.5 cm and watered with water. The seeds covered with soil are placed in a lighted place at room temperature.

7 days after germination, the seedlings need a transplant. The hardened plant roots become cramped in the box. Before diving, all the seedlings are carefully examined: by this time they should have at least 2 leaves. Taking out each plant with a lump of soil on the root, carefully transplant it into a more spacious container.

Greenhouse preparation for tomatoes

This is an important step in ensuring normal plant growth and disease protection. It is recommended to start preparing the greenhouse for growing tomatoes in the fall. After carefully removing all plant residues, disinfect the future residence of the tomatoes.

Timber framed greenhouses are fumigated with sulfur. Mixed with kerosene, it is laid on metal sheets located along the entire length of the greenhouse. All cracks in the walls are recommended to be well caulked. The ignited mixture is left to smolder for 5 days. Sulfur helps to get rid of mold, fungi, infections and harmful insects.

Sulfur cannot be used for greenhouses with metal parts in the structure: it is corrosive. In this case, the soil, walls and ceiling are sprayed with a solution of chlorinated lime. For its preparation, 400 g of bleach is diluted in 10 liters of water and insisted for 4-5 hours.

The treated room is tightly closed for 2-3 days. After disinfection, the greenhouse is ventilated and thoroughly cleaned from the inside with brushes. Metal parts are poured with boiling water, wooden parts - with a solution of copper sulfate.

How to prepare the soil in a greenhouse?

Greenhouse soil needs to be completely changed every 5 years. If this is not possible, they are limited to autumn disinfection with garden lime, copper sulfate solution, Bordeaux liquid or dolomite flour (at the rate of 50 g per 1 sq. M). You can treat the soil with boiling water.

Due to the extremely high susceptibility of tomato roots to cold, elevated beds are used for planting them. Experienced gardeners advise to insulate them additionally: having completely removed the ground from the greenhouse, cover the area under the tomatoes with needles or straw about 10 centimeters thick. Lay a ball of compost about 10 centimeters high on top of them, and then return the earth back, pouring it 20 centimeters high.

In the fall, an organic fertilizer is introduced into insufficiently nutritious soil from equal shares of peat and humus at the rate of half a bucket per 1 sq. M. The ash mixed with sand can be laid on top of organic matter (1 liter per 1 sq. M). Then the soil is covered with straw.

Later, the fallen snow is brought into the greenhouse and laid on top of the straw. Snow serves as a reliable protection against freezing of the soil in winter and good moisture for it in spring. To create comfortable living conditions for tomatoes in the spring, compost or complex fertilizers are added to the soil and dug up the soil.

How to prepare plants for planting?

Tomato seedlings are best planted in greenhouses in early May. The night temperature at this time is quite low for seedlings, so it is better to cover the greenhouse with a double film, not forgetting to make ventilation on all sides.

The number and month of planting have a direct impact on the healthy growth of tomatoes. Tomatoes are planted in heated greenhouses in warm spring around April 29-30, in greenhouses with a double cover without heating - May 5-10, in greenhouses without heating - May 20-25. The dates may be a little later, if the spring does not please with warmth.

The optimum soil temperature in the greenhouse for tomatoes is + 10-15 ° С, air - + 20-25 ° С. The north-south layout of the rows provides natural light. Tomatoes should not be planted for the second year in the same place: their yield will be much lower.

Schemes for planting tomatoes in a greenhouse

To obtain the maximum yield of tomatoes, it is recommended to correctly plan the place in the greenhouse. The size of the greenhouse, the variety of tomatoes, the methods of plant formation determine the planting scheme.

Experienced gardeners offer the most successful proven options:

1. For undersized early ripening varieties: staggered order in 2 rows with an interval between rows of 50-55 cm, distance between bushes 35-40 cm and formation of 2-3 stems.
2. Determinant and standard types: the gap between the rows is 45-50 cm, between the bushes - about 25 cm (up to 10 plants per 1 sq. M).
3. Tall giants: staggered planting with a row spacing of 75-80 cm and between plants 55-60 cm (1-stem formation) or 70-75 cm between rows (2-stem formation).

The scheme for planting seedlings of different varieties of tomatoes in a greenhouse received very good reviews, which provides a rich harvest all year round.

According to this plan, tomatoes are grown in 2 rows:

1. Takes up space at the edges of the greenhouse near film or glass. Designed for growing determinant early ripening (35-40 cm between bushes), which form into 1 stem.
2. Located at the inner passage. Designed for planting tall giants with a distance of 60 cm between plants, which form into 1 stem. Having retreated 10 cm to the south, in the same row, superdeterminant standard species are planted with giants with an interval of 25 cm between the bushes, which are formed into 1 stem and pinched after the appearance of the second shoot. Standard varieties have time to give a crop before the giants ripen.

The correct formation of the beds is of great importance for the successful cultivation of tomatoes in the greenhouse. Close them up about a week before planting tomatoes. The beds look like mounds 30-40 cm high and 60-80 cm wide, spaced at a distance of about 60 cm.

Planting tomatoes in a greenhouse

It is optimal to plant plants in a greenhouse at the age of 1.5 months. The root system of tomatoes by this time is already well developed. It is recommended to plant noticeably elongated seedlings a little lower than the rest, removing the lower leaves. For planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, an evening of a warm spring day is best suited.

Before planting, the tomatoes are watered abundantly. A handful of humus or a mixture of a handful of wood ash with 1 teaspoon of superphosphate is laid out in small dug holes with a diameter of 10-15 centimeters and poured with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (for one nest - 2 liters).

Tomato bushes are transplanted into a greenhouse along with an earthen clod. For convenience, the well is filled with water and the plant is placed in the resulting mud. Overgrown seedlings are placed at an angle, sprinkling part of the stem with soil.

It is recommended to compact the soil around the planted plant a little and sprinkle it with soil, mulch on top. To protect tomatoes from late blight, the planting is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 l of water) or copper oxychloride (40 g of copper per 10 l of water).

After planting, the seedlings are not disturbed for 5-6 days, allowing them to get used to the new conditions. After a week, the soil is slightly loosened, improving the flow of oxygen to the roots. Before planting, it is recommended to install a garter for each bush so as not to damage the roots of the plants after planting.

Methods for tying tomatoes

1. Pegs. This method is suitable for medium-sized varieties. Pegs will be metal rods, rebar trimmings, wooden stakes, thin plastic tubes. Their length should exceed the expected height of the bush by 25-30 cm (the depth of driving into the ground). The pegs are placed next to the stem, they wrap the tomato trunk with a garter and tie it to the support. As the bush grows, this procedure is repeated.
2. Tapestries. They are used for giants of indeterminate species, the height of which in greenhouse conditions can reach 5-6 meters. The maximum saving of space in the greenhouse with the help of trellises allows planting up to 3-4 tomato bushes per square meter. On long stakes driven along the ridge, a strong twine or steel wire is pulled every 35-40 cm.

The stem and branches of a growing bush are tucked between a stretched twine using the braiding method. The trellis method allows you to leave side shoots for development, maximizing the yield.

How to care?

Proper greenhouse tomato care includes airing, watering, and garters.

The first time the plants in the greenhouse are watered only on the 10th day after planting with water at room temperature, then watering is continued every 4 days.

During flowering, plants are watered more often, during fruiting - more moderately 2-3 times a week. It is recommended to water the plants at the root in the morning.

When the tomatoes reach a height of 15-20 centimeters, they are stepson once a week, carefully cutting off the lateral processes. To protect against diseases 6-7 times a season, plants are sprayed with a tincture of 40 g of chopped garlic in 10 liters of water.

Tomatoes are not afraid of drafts, so all the doors and vents of the greenhouse can be safely opened 2 hours after watering. On a sunny day, the temperature in the greenhouse should not rise above + 26 ° C, and on a cool day it should not drop below + 20 ° C.

10 days after planting, the first feeding of the plants is carried out, then organics and minerals are applied once every 10 days. To obtain fruits with a sweeter taste, boric acid is added to the dressing (1 g per 1 l of water).

Deterioration in the appearance of plants indicates a lack of substances necessary for growth and development:

• pale weakened leaves, bad inflorescences - nitrogen;
• slow growth, blue crumbling leaves - phosphorus;
• yellowing leaves - calcium.

During the flowering period, tomatoes need mineral feeding (1 liter per square meter):

• 10 liters of water;
• 40 g of phosphate fertilizers;
• 25 g nitrogen;
• 15 g of potassium.

In the fertile period, organic matter is used for feeding tomatoes: 2 liters of ash are poured up to 10 liters with hot water, insisted, 1 bottle of iodine and 15 g of boric acid are added. After insisting a day, the mass is diluted with cold water (a liter of the mixture per bucket of water) and the tomatoes are poured at a rate of 1 liter per bush.

Harvesting and storage

Tomato harvesting does not tolerate delay. The fruits must be removed until the daytime temperature drops below + 8 ° C, and the night temperature drops to 0 ° C. It is ideal to pick tomatoes in the morning when they are most elastic. The collected fruits are sorted immediately. Brown ones are placed in 2-3 layers in wooden boxes. Added to them 2-3 fully ripe tomatoes accelerate ripening, releasing ethylene.

Early and mid-season tomato varieties grown in a greenhouse are not stored for long.Longer shelf life for fruits placed in wooden boxes with a mixture of birch sawdust and peat chips. Some gardeners practice freezing harvested tomatoes, which are briefly immersed in cold water before eating. You can store frozen tomatoes under a layer of snow in wooden boxes.

Keeping tomatoes in the refrigerator is not recommended due to the detrimental effect on their aroma. Ripe fruits are stored at room temperature away from direct sunlight.

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse: some nuances

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Then strain through cheesecloth;

What varieties of tomatoes should be chosen for planting in greenhouse conditions

Seedlings of tomatoes grown in a greenhouse
Below is a detailed instruction including:
Pollination

• After transplanting 3-5 days, the temperature regime is maintained at night up to 18 degrees, and in the daytime up to 22 degrees. During this period, the roots are strengthened, the seedlings get used to the soil. Then they switch to another regime. Night - up to 16 degrees, day - up to 20 degrees. Watering constantly once a week, the soil should be completely wet.
• Materials:
• By the time the tomatoes are planted, the soil should be moist. If the spring moisture has partially evaporated, then 1–2 days before planting, water recharge irrigation is carried out. On the surface of the ground, pegs mark the distance between the rows and pull the twine in the direction of the rows. A horizontal wire trellis should be stretched exactly over the rows at a height of 2.0–2.2 m from the soil surface. According to the planting scheme, holes are made in the ground, spilled with warm water, and seedlings are planted in the mud. Good results are obtained by introducing a handful of humus and 4–5 g of superphosphate into the holes before planting, which are pre-mixed with the ground. Planting is vertical, but if the seedlings are overgrown, they are planted obliquely, as described in the previous section. When planting potless seedlings, it is necessary to remove 1–2 lower leaves so that the seedlings take root better. After planting, the plants are watered again with warm water, and the holes are mulched with peat or humus. Then you can not water for 2-3 weeks, if the plants do not lack moisture.
• Polycarbonate for any type of frame construction and so on.
• You need to water the seedlings only a few times during the period of its growth:
• The process of planting a tomato in a greenhouse
• Mandatory is the garter of tomatoes in the greenhouse, which is produced 3-4 days after planting. It is needed so that tall plants do not break under the weight of their weight, and the fruits do not rot. The main condition is that the garter material should not injure the tomato stem. In the greenhouse, linear or frame trellises are used for garters.

After that it is immediately ready for watering.
Good quality and healthy seedlings will provide additional micronutrients with which to saturate the seeds. For this, it is recommended to use special compressed fertilizer tablets sold in all garden stores.

Growing tomato seedlings

Seed selection rules;

Young bushes are tied to trellises.
When the plants "sit" in peat pots for 10 days, they are fed again. You can use a solution of HB, you can spread granular HB around the stem (4-5 granules).

• Seeds or seedlings;
• After 3-5 days after planting, when the seedlings finally take root, a garter of tomatoes is carried out in the greenhouse. To do this, cut pieces of twine with a length of 2.5–3.0 m (it is better to use synthetic twine, since it does not rot, and it can be used after disinfection for 2-3 seasons). One end of the twine is tied with a sliding loop on a wire trellis and lowered over the plant. The other end of the twine is tied loosely under one of the lower leaves. The stem is twisted around the twine through each internode. This operation is then performed once a week, combining it with pinching.The stepchildren are removed when they are no more than 2–7 cm long. It is better to cut them in the morning, when the plants have a strong turgor, and the wounds have time to dry out during the day. Little stepchildren are removed to the bottom, but if they have outgrown, then they leave a stump of 1–1.5 cm.
• They also differ in shape and size, see the photo.
• The first time - when the first glimpses of the growth of the trunk or leaves appear.

The design of the greenhouse, as well as its use, can be varied. It is mainly used for growing edible crops: greens, berries, vegetables.

• This is how tomatoes are tied up in a greenhouse using linear trellises
  Greenhouse open for hardening seedlings

Those who know how to grow tomato seedlings in a greenhouse have already become convinced of the importance of correct, high-quality soil.
Features of soil preparation;

• When flowers appear in your greenhouse, then in sunny weather, in the daytime, you need to shake the flowers (it is easy to pull the inflorescence), then shed the garden bed and spray the flowers from the spray bottle with Novosil's solution at the rate of 30 drops per 1 liter. During this period, the greenhouse must be well ventilated.
  If you notice that the soil has "subsided" in the pots, then you need to fill it up. It happens that the seedlings, when you try to grow them, stretch out. About 6 sheets of it are cut off, the part with the top is placed in water and roots will form in less than two weeks. Then the plant is again planted in a pot of peat with soil.
• Fertilizers (vitriol, manure, compost, vitamin complex);

Indeterminate varieties are formed into one stem. In this case, all stepsons are removed. After the stem reaches the trellis, it is carefully pulled along the wire, tied in two places, and then lowered down. The tip is pinched 1.5 months before the elimination of the culture, that is, no later than mid-August. Above the last inflorescence, 2-3 leaves are left, due to which the filling of the fruits of the upper brush is ensured.

• This raises the question: In what type of greenhouse is it best to grow tomato seedlings and then plant them?
  The second - watering is performed in 1.5-2 weeks, a few hours before the tomatoes are planted in the greenhouse.
• Almost everyone knows how a greenhouse works and that the most common crops can be grown in them: tomatoes and cucumbers. But, not everyone knows how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse.
  Stepping

Before planting seedlings in open ground, it is necessary to gradually harden it, open the greenhouse every day for two to three hours, and completely remove the film a day before planting.

Council. It is better to harvest the soil in advance, so that all the components that you use when creating it are not only thoroughly mixed, but can react with each other, which will have a positive effect on the growth of seedlings.

• Landing rules.
• Fruit ripening

From the part of the cut plant remaining in the ground, another seedling is formed. If the seedlings have a pale green color, then they are fed with urea (one tablespoon per bucket of water, for each plant about half a glass of solution).

• Phosphorus;
  It is more difficult to form determinant varieties into one stem. They also remove all stepchildren, except for the uppermost one, which is a reserve in case the growth of the main stem ends with a flower brush. If the stem continues to grow, then with the subsequent pinching, the reserve stepson is removed, and the new stepson located above is left as a backup. It is possible to form both indeterminate and determinant varieties in 2 stems, but the plants should be planted less often.
• Most gardeners manage to grow crops in plastic greenhouses. But here it is worth paying attention to the fact that tomatoes are considered heat-loving plants and they will need to provide a warm temperature regime in the greenhouse (see Thermostat for the greenhouse - we choose the right one).
  Advice.You need to water the seedlings with slightly warm water, a temperature of 20 degrees.

Before planting tomatoes in the greenhouse, you must first select the correct variety. Costs and profits will depend on this.

Transplanting tomato seedlings into a greenhouse

Lateral shoots on a plant are called stepchildren. They grow from the axils of the leaves, not on a bare stem. They contribute to the branching of the bush, which greatly shades the plant, spreads diseases, and shortens the ripening period of the fruits. On the video on the Internet, you can see how to pinch tomatoes in a greenhouse. There is nothing difficult here, you just need to break the stepsons. This should be done in the morning so that the wound on the plant has time to dry out.

Compliance with all the rules above will allow you to grow really high-quality planting material that can give a high yield of tomatoes. In the video presented in this article, you will find additional information on this topic (also find out what a smart greenhouse is and how you can make it yourself).
We offer a choice of two options for a high-quality mixture, which you can make yourself.

• Growing tomato seedlings in greenhouses implies the correct selection of seeds. Your future tomato harvest largely depends on this.
• Do not overmoisten the soil, otherwise the fruits will be watery and sour. The volume of water per 1 square meter is 10 liters, its temperature is 20 degrees.
• Caring for tomatoes that are planted in a greenhouse is more difficult. It is necessary to monitor soil moisture and temperature conditions of the environment.

Potassium;

• If there are plants in the greenhouse that are affected by viral diseases, then they should be taken care of last to prevent the spread of the virus.
  If the greenhouse is used only in spring, then it will not work to plant tomato seedlings in it. Especially if it is made of film.
• In order for the seedling sprouts not to stretch in one direction from each day, you need to rearrange the other side. This applies to the method when the seedlings are grown in a box.
• Modern gardeners already know about all existing greenhouse tomato varieties, but for beginners, this information will be very useful.Side shoots must be removed on tomatoes - stepsons

First, you need to prepare the seed. If the seeds are pelleted (brightly colored), then they do not need to be processed with anything. Untreated seeds should be placed in Fitosporin-M solution (prepared according to the instructions) for 20 minutes. You do not need to rinse them after processing. After that, they can be kept in a solution of a growth stimulant and sown in prepared soil.

• First option:
  Advice. Some gardeners prefer to save money, and therefore collect seeds from the large fruits of last year's harvest, believing that this will be the key to the success of the future harvest. Experience shows that this is the wrong method, since such seeds do not produce high-quality seedlings, let alone fruit.

Feeding rules

Rooted and well-growing tomatoes need to be hardened within a week by placing on a loggia, where the temperature is about 10 degrees around the clock. Then the seedlings will turn purple. Then the conditions for keeping the seedlings become the same. Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter especially requires hardening.
Ammonia nitrogen;

• In addition to shaping, care measures include loosening watering, feeding, observing temperature and humidity conditions, pest control, disease control, and others. In film greenhouses, the possibilities for regulating the temperature regime are limited. The air temperature is reduced by ventilation. For this purpose, the vents and doors are opened on opposite sides of the greenhouse so that air exchange takes place more intensively.
• Advice. For growing tomatoes, it is best to use polycarbonate greenhouses.
• Otherwise, it is best to build a greenhouse that has an even distribution of sunlight.

There are these types of tomatoes:

Top dressing

What design of a greenhouse to choose for growing a tomato

Secondly, in order for the tomatoes in the greenhouse to give good shoots, you need to prepare the soil for sowing. From February to the end of March is the optimal period for planting seeds for seedlings. It all depends on what kind of tomatoes to plant in the greenhouse. If you decide to grow late varieties, you need to sow in February, if mid-season - in March, and early tomatoes for seedlings - at the end of March.

One part of peat;

• You can buy seeds in several places:
• It is carried out by Shining 2 (see above) and every 10 days by Novosil.
• With intensive growth and increased bushiness, the soil is dried. In mid-April, the hardening of the seedlings is continued, exposing it to the air at a temperature of 12 degrees.
• Tools:

Tomato, unlike cucumber, loves "drafts". In hot sunny weather, it is advisable to lift the film from the sides of the greenhouse or remove it completely. Refreshing watering, that is, watering in small doses, after which it is necessary to immediately conduct thorough ventilation, also contributes to a decrease in air temperature.
Features of a polycarbonate greenhouse
Here you also need to take into account that it is necessary to harden the seedlings. To do this, in the greenhouse in the middle of spring and day and night, windows are regularly opened.

Samara is a sweet and very juicy variety that is intended for indoor cultivation.

Polycarbonate greenhouses

After 10-15 days from the day the plants are planted in the greenhouse, you need to make the first feeding. To do this, take 1 tbsp for 10 liters of water. a spoonful of nitrophoska and half a liter of liquid mullein. Pour 1 liter of this mixture under each plant. The second feeding of tomatoes in the greenhouse is done after 10 days. To do this, dissolve 1 teaspoon of potassium sulfate and 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. a spoonful of Fertility fertilizer. 3-4 feeding will be required per season.

Tomato seeds are sown in boxes or boxes 5-7 cm high. The seedling soil mixture should consist of 1 part peat, 1 part humus and 1 part turf soil. The mixture is moistened, river sand (1 liter jar), wood ash (1 tbsp) and superphosphate (1 tbsp) are added to a bucket of earth. You can also use ready-made soil mixtures, fertilizers are no longer added to them.

One piece of land from the garden;

• Store;
  Novosil's properties:
• 2-3 days before planting seedlings for permanent "residence" in the greenhouse, it is recommended to remove 2-3 lower true leaves. This operation makes it possible to reduce the possibility of the appearance of diseases, provides better ventilation, illumination, which will certainly affect the better development of the first flower brush. Cut so that stumps remain 1.5-2 cm long, which, having dried, will fall off by themselves, without damaging the main stem.
• Conical blade;The optimum air temperature in the greenhouse for a tomato should be different in different phases of growth and during the day, and depends on the light. Before fruiting, it should be 20–22 ° C during the day in sunny weather. Cloudy 19–20 ° C, at night 16–17 ° C. As soon as the fruit begins to pour, the temperature should be slightly higher: during the day in sunny weather 24–26 ° C, in cloudy 19–20 ° C, at night 17–18 ° C. These temperature levels should be maintained whenever possible during the entire fruiting period. When the night temperature rises even by two degrees, internodes and flower clusters lengthen, the stalks become thin and weak, the flowers are small, the fruits are worse in quality. During the transition from night temperatures to daytime parameters, condensation very often forms on the plants, which can lead to burns if the morning is sunny and hot. In this case, careful ventilation is required. This should be done with caution, as cold air currents can lead to whiteness of the fruit. Soil temperature should not be lower than 16-18 ° C.
• This type of construction has a long service life.By itself, polycarbonate is a reliable and very practical material. Its properties are suitable for covering the greenhouse frame.

You can also take them out simply to an open area near the greenhouse. If the roof of the structure is removable, then it can be removed regularly.

Polycarbonate greenhouse metal frame

"Honey Drop" is a very sweet and liquid variety.
Plant feeding is done 3-4 times per season

In February-March, tomato seeds are sown in separate boxes

One part of ordinary humus;
On the market;
Natural growth regulator;

Technology for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

The grown seedlings should be planted in a greenhouse on May 1-15, depending on the weather. The tomato greenhouse is equipped with vents, which are located on top and on two opposite sides, since it is necessary to ventilate the greenhouse. Moreover, the landing site must be alternated every year with cucumbers and peppers. We make sure that the greenhouse is not shaded.

Containers;

The soil must be constantly kept loose and moist. Tomatoes especially need moisture during fruit loading, when the optimum soil moisture should be 75–80% HB. So, during the filling of the first four brushes, the maximum water consumption by tomato plants is observed.

So:

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse?

Advice. Before the tomato seedlings are planted in the greenhouse, they should be sprinkled in 5-6 days.

"Moneymaker" - intended for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse. It is planted in March and fruits in summer.

Greenhouse tomato care

By strictly adhering to the tips, you can grow a good harvest of tomatoes in your greenhouse and please everyone with a fresh salad in the summer and a jar of pickled tomatoes in the winter.

Soil is poured into prepared boxes, compacted, grooves are made 1-1.5 cm deep, watered with a warm solution of sodium humate, and then the seeds are sown. Sprinkle with earth mixture on top and put in a bright place, where the temperature is + 22 ° C. In order for the seedlings to sprout faster, after 5 days the boxes are covered with film caps.

Ordinary wood ash - half a liter for each bucket of the mixture produced;

Greenhouse preparation for planting

In the online store.

Plant development regulator;

Preparing tomato beds in a greenhouse

Hoe;

Watering tomatoes in the greenhouse should be rare, but abundant enough, and the air should be dry. It is better to water the plants along the furrows formed in the aisles. When watering, the water must fill the furrow completely, and when it is absorbed, the soil surface must be mulched with peat, humus or dry soil.

Seedlings of tomatoes in a greenhouse

There are several types of polycarbonate, but only cellular polycarbonate is used for the construction of greenhouses. It is very dense in structure and has honeycombs inside.

Garter tomatoes in the greenhouse

How to transplant seedlings

Growing varieties of tomato

"Long Keeper" - yields fruits for 4 kg per bush.

Growing your own tomato seedlings makes it possible to have not only high-quality planting material, but also to make money on the sale of leftovers. Many people think that it is very difficult to grow tomato seedlings or it can only be done in a specially equipped greenhouse with heating. Tomato seedlings can be successfully grown in a small greenhouse, which you can make yourself from film and several arcs. In villages, on almost every street, gardeners grow their own seedlings, mainly in greenhouses. This is the most reliable and effective way to grow seedlings at home. To get really good results, you need to know how to properly grow tomato seedlings in a greenhouse.

When the plants have 2 true leaves, about 7-10 days after germination, you need to dive.This is a procedure for transplanting a plant from one container to a more spacious one, because a strengthened root system requires more space. With the help of a toothpick, each plant is removed from the common box along with an earthen clod and transplanted into pots with a larger capacity.

Tomato greenhouse temperature

Two matchboxes of superphosphate for each bucket of mixture;

Tomatoes grown in a small greenhouse

Increases yield by 9-25%, accelerates ripening, the onset of biological and technological maturity by 3-6 days;

Watering tomatoes in a greenhouse

Garden parameters:

Rake;

Irrigation rate and watering frequency depend on conditions. Roughly it is recommended to water the fruits twice a week at the rate of 12-15 liters per 1 m2, at the end of the growing season - less often. With a lack of moisture or with an uneven supply of moisture, there is a fall of flowers and ovaries, cracking and ugliness of fruits and the appearance of apical rot. When watering, do not moisten plant leaves to avoid sunburn. To reduce air humidity, the greenhouse must be ventilated after each watering.

They provide an even distribution of sunlight.

How to properly plant tomatoes in a greenhouse? The whole process is very simple.

"Miracle of the Earth" is the most popular variety among summer residents for growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions.

There are several main stages of growing seedlings in a greenhouse, which in no case should be forgotten:

Seedlings should be dived 7-10 days after germination.

Some water to moisten the resulting mixture.

When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the state of the packaging - it must be complete, high-quality made, has no tears, scuffs. Otherwise, it is better to refuse to purchase.

Increases keeping quality of fruits;

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse

Width 0.7-0.9 m;

Watering can;

Greenhouse preparation

To form an additional root system during loosening, the soil from the aisle is gradually poured into rows to the lower part of the stem. Plants are spud in rows, and an irrigation furrow is formed in the aisles. These furrows have to be walked on when caring for the plants and during the harvest. In this regard, the soil in the furrows is strongly compacted. Therefore, it must be periodically loosened with a pitchfork without turning the layer. This is best done before the next watering. To make the soil less compacted in the furrows, it is advisable to put wooden gratings (ladders) in the furrows.

Soil and vitamins for tomatoes

This material is widely used in greenhouses that work all year round, since polycarbonate is frost-resistant and can withstand heavy loads. This indicator is especially important in those areas where there is a high level of precipitation in winter.

For this, the soil must be prepared:

Seed preparation

"Bull's Heart" - has a high yield.

Preparing the soil in the greenhouse before sowing tomato seeds.

The seedlings stay in the boxes for no more than 50 days, their height by this time will already be about 30 cm. To prevent the plants from stretching, you need to monitor the air temperature, light conditions - turn the other side to the window every day. And 10 days before the expected planting of seedlings in the greenhouse, you need to temper the plants: take them out to the balcony, leave the vents open overnight.

How to germinate and plant seedlings

Grown seedlings ready to transplant

Of all the varieties, it is best to choose the ultra-early ripening greenhouse tomato F1 - this marking says that the variety is hybrid, and therefore tolerates a variety of difficulties well.

Accelerates the growth of the root system and increases its mass by 1.7 times;

Height 0.4 m;

Fluorescent lamps;

If, during the main filling of the soil, a sufficient amount of organic and mineral fertilizers was applied, then additional fertilizing is not necessary.It is better to judge the need for top dressing by the results of agrochemical analyzes, but this is associated with certain difficulties for amateur vegetable growers. A visual assessment of the condition of plants gives some idea of ​​the level of their mineral nutrition. However, the absence of symptoms of a lack of nutrients does not mean that the plants do not need one or another fertilizer. In order for the soil to have a constant supply of nutrients, it is advisable to give 3-4 additional fertilizing per season. Roughly, you can use the doses recommended for open ground. Both organic and mineral supplements are used. The best results are obtained with top dressing in a dissolved form. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, microfertilizers are also required. Good results are obtained by feeding with completely soluble complex fertilizers (crystallin, crystallon, etc.). It is necessary to be especially careful when using nitrogen fertilizers. Since when there is an excess of them, the plants "fatten", and in the fruits an excess content of nitrates and nitrites harmful to the human body accumulates.

General tips for growing tomatoes

Due to the fact that polycarbonate freely retains heat inside the structure, it will be possible to save on heating.

Slightly moisturized.

"Dina" is a very fertile variety with fruits up to 4.5 kg per bush.

The distance between the rows should be between 15 and 20 centimeters.

• So that the tomatoes in the greenhouse do not get sick and give a generous harvest, it is important to properly prepare the greenhouse for the season. Since the tomatoes are planted in the greenhouse in early May, when the nights are rather cold, you need to cover it with a double layer of film. Better to leave a small cushion of air between the polyethylene layers, which will not only increase the temperature inside the greenhouse, but also increase the life of the inner layer. It is important to make vents on all sides for good ventilation, remove 10-12 cm of last year's soil, and disinfect the rest with copper sulfate (1 tablespoon for 10 liters of water). Remember that you cannot plant tomatoes in the same greenhouse for two years in a row, because most infections remain in the soil and infect new plants.
• The second type of prepared soil is not very different from the above, but we will describe in detail how to prepare it:
• First of all, sorting of planting material should be carried out, which involves the removal of:
• Fungicidal action, disease resistance.
• Passage between the beds from 0.5 to 0.7 m.

Groove stick;

• When growing tomatoes in film greenhouses, special attention should be paid to pollination of flowers. In conditions of high humidity, and sometimes it cannot be avoided, pollen spills out poorly from the anthers. Additional pollination is required. In large farms, vibrators are used for this purpose, and in our conditions the plants should be shaken by tapping the wire trellis with a stick. Pollination should be carried out in the morning with strong ventilation of the greenhouses.
• It is very easy to work with and low cost.
• Fluffy.
• These are the most popular varieties and are most commonly used in tomato greenhouses.
• The lines are made with a depth of 3 to 5 centimeters.
• If you are going to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter, then you need to take care of additional lighting. Without it, tomatoes will not bloom and, moreover, will not give a crop.
• One part of peat or regular compost, if available;
• Small seeds;

Composition: triterpenic acids (they are especially needed by tall varieties) from Siberian fir needles, novosil decomposes in the process of natural metabolism in 10 days.

Soil composition:

Gloves.

For better fruit pouring, the last buds, the weakest in the brush - from 2 to 5, must be removed.Sometimes there is an overgrowth of brushes: stepchildren appear on the brush, which sometimes bloom and even tie fruits. They should also be deleted.

Polycarbonate does not burn, but can only melt. In such a process, no harmful substances are released into the atmosphere, that is, it is environmentally friendly.

Tomatoes in your greenhouse

Fertilized in advance.

It is also worth paying attention to when exactly the tomato seedlings are planted in the greenhouse. For some varieties, there is a specific time for such actions.

Seed preparation if you are growing a tomato in a greenhouse

All the lines made must be marked with flags with the inscriptions, where is what variety of tomatoes.

NV-101: help

The beds are prepared 10 days before the tomato seedlings are planted in the greenhouse. The soil must be loosened, removed weeds that have appeared, and add humus. If the soil in the greenhouse is poor, then you need a glass of charcoal and 6-8 kg of humus per square meter, and if the soil is fertile, then 2-3 kg of humus will be enough. Remember that loamy or sandy loamy, breathable soil is best for tomatoes in a greenhouse.

One part of the land from the garden;

Damaged seeds;

Planting seeds

In tomatoes, from planting to fruiting, the period reaches 130 days.

Native soil on a plot of 1 m2;

What is drip irrigation? This is a DIY water collection system. Such a system consists of two barrels, into which water enters from the roof. Both drums with a volume of 1 m³, in addition, they are connected to each other by a hose. In them, water not only accumulates, but also heats up.To avoid stagnation of humid air in the surface layer, as well as to promote better illumination of the plants, the lower leaves are removed. This operation begins when the fruits are formed on the first hand, and is carried out constantly once a week. No more than 2-3 leaves are removed at a time. All leaves up to the 3rd - 4th brush are gradually removed. To make the wounds dry up and heal faster, trimming the leaves is carried out in the morning. After removing the leaves, watering can be carried out no earlier than in a day.You can mount it on any material. As a rule, it is used on the metal frames of greenhouses.

So:

Germination and picking, care

How are tomato seedlings grown

Rows should be well watered before sowing.

When planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse, you need to remember a few simple but important rules.

One part of ordinary but clean river sand;

Empty seeds.

Overgrown seedlings with woody stems often yield higher yields than seedlings that are loose and break easily.

1 bucket of peat, which can be replaced with sawdust;

Hardening Secrets

Enrichment of air with carbon dioxide gives good results. The easiest way is as follows. The dishes (bucket, tank) are half filled with fresh manure, filled almost to the brim with water, and placed in the greenhouse, stirring the contents from time to time. Fermentation of manure releases carbon dioxide into the air, which increases the rate of photosynthesis.

This type of frame is quite popular for organizing a greenhouse business. It is strong and durable.

As a rule, the tomato is transplanted into the greenhouse in separate rows. Seedlings are planted at a distance of at least 50 cm.

No one will argue with the fact that it will be cheaper to grow tomato seedlings on their own than to buy ready-made ones. If there is a desire to start a greenhouse business, it will be more rational at the initial stage to save your money, which can eventually be invested in the development of a business project.

Rules for planting in a permanent place and caring for plants

Sow only dry tomato seeds. Dry seeds can lie in the soil longer and will not die if the temperature drops.

The soil for planting seedlings must be warmed up.You cannot plant tomatoes in cold soil, because in this case the roots do not grow, but rot, the plant takes root worse. The optimum soil temperature is 12-15 ° C. To achieve this, you need to cover the ground with black plastic wrap in advance. As a last resort, you can heat up a lot of hot water and pour it into the hole before planting.

As well as a fertilizer solution, which is made from ten liters of water, thirty grams of superphosphate, twenty grams of potassium sulfate and ten grams of urea.

• Advice. An easy way to identify substandard planting material is to put all the seeds in salt water and let sit for five minutes. Those unsuitable for sowing will float to the surface. They should be thrown away. Those that are at the bottom need to be rinsed in clean warm water.
• In more northern regions, it is better to artificially supplement the seedlings with additional illumination, and the night temperature regime is observed at 15 degrees Celsius.
• 1 bucket of humus;

Depending on how high the hose is raised, the pressure will be adjusted. Secondary, smaller in diameter depart from the common hose. These mini hoses are connected to each bush. When such a system is turned on, watering is carried out a little for each bush, which is very convenient.

• The harvest begins to come in 2–2.5 months after planting the seedlings. It is better to harvest the fruits in brown or blange ripeness, which contributes to the accelerated filling of the rest of the fruits. The collection of fruits is first carried out after 3-4 days, then more often. Harvested only in dry weather. The last collection is carried out before the onset of frost.
• True, one should not forget about such a property of the metal as corrosion.
• But here it is worth considering the tomato variety itself and the level of its growth. In some cases, the distance between tomato bushes can be up to 1 m.
• What you need to grow seedlings:

It is advisable to sow high-quality tomato seeds so that the distance between them is from 1 to 2 centimeters.

You cannot plant seedlings too deep, because then the stem, sprinkled with earth, gives new roots, and the growth of the tomato stops. For those who are doing this for the first time, you can watch how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse in the video.

If you do not have the time, desire or opportunity to create such a mixture, we draw your attention to the fact that tomato seedlings in greenhouses grow well if you use a ready-made mixture for planting, sold in gardening shops.

• There are several reasons why the seeds may not germinate, among which the following stand out:
• It is better to use zoned varieties and observe the planting regime written on the bags.
• 0.5 buckets of river (well washed and treated with potassium permanganate) sand.
• It should be pointed out that tomatoes are very thermophilic. With any method of planting, you need to water the plants with water at room temperature before planting and in the future. Tomatoes are very fond of peat humus. Adding this mixture to the wells can provide additional warmth. It is better to do this in the first planting days, then add a little bit every 7-8 days.
• The fruits must be removed all and even much earlier than the planned date, if the initial signs of late blight appeared on single plants.
• Advice. Since the metal frame can rust over time, this phenomenon can be prevented and painted, thereby increasing its service life.

Rows are pre-made using a hoe or any other handy garden tool. Some varieties of tomatoes may have long root systems, and it is worth using a shovel in this case.Cups or other containers, which can then decompose after being transplanted into the ground. Quite often, plastic bags are used, which are removed just before disembarkation.After sowing, the seeds should be sprinkled with a thin layer of wet sand or peat.

Don't overdo it with nitrogen.Many fill the planting holes with fresh manure, chicken droppings, or urea. Such efforts can lead to the fact that instead of beautiful juicy fruits, you will get exuberant tops.

Now let's look at how to sow planting material correctly so that the seedlings are of high quality, strong, healthy and give a good harvest in the future.

• Infection in the ground;
• The land in the greenhouse should be changed after 3-5 years.
• The soil can be prepared in autumn and oats can be planted in early spring. The risen and grown oats are dug up with the soil of the greenhouse before planting tomatoes.

Then the rhizome will be powerful, saturated with heat, and the fruits will be beautiful and full of vitamins.

Eating tomatoes all year round is possible. To do this, it is necessary to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, creating optimal conditions for their high-quality growth and fruiting. There are two ways to grow tomatoes: know when to plant tomatoes and grow seedlings in advance, or plant seeds directly into the greenhouse ground.

Installation of such a frame requires preparation of the base. For this, the bearing strips of the structure must be concreted into the ground by 50-40 cm.

Each sprout is removed from the container with the soil in which the seed was poured.

Suitable soil.

The film is stretched over arcs and at the edges the ends are pressed to the ground with bricks or some other heavy objects.

Examine the plant carefully, remove diseased and yellowed leaves, and when planting, remove cotyledon leaves that are at or below ground level.

reference

As experienced gardeners advise, it is best to use tweezers to plant really large seeds, planting them one at a time.

• Soil contamination with toxic waste;
• Peking cabbage can be planted to compact the soil between the tomatoes.
• For a good harvest, tomatoes need enough nutrients in the soil.
• Depending on how early spring is in the place where you live, tomatoes for planting in a greenhouse begin to be planted for germination from the first days of February to 25 February. And tomato seedlings are transferred to the greenhouse from May 9 to 15-20. And the time of transplanting to the greenhouse depends on how long the spring is. You can also grow tomatoes in a greenhouse.
• There are two ways to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse - using seedlings or seeds.
• The metal frame is resistant to wind and cold. It does not deform when exposed to sunlight and high temperatures. Unlike wood, it does not absorb moisture.

You can free the roots from it, but this is only when the soil in the seedling container and in the greenhouse itself is different.

Fertilizers of a certain quality. Each tomato variety can be fertilized.

Tomato secrets

1. The shelter should be tight and made of a thick transparent film that allows sunlight to pass through but does not release heat well.
2. Tomatoes are planted in a greenhouse in the evening or on a cloudy day in pre-moistened soil. It is possible to spill the wells with a strong hot solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection the day before.
3. The sequence of actions is as follows:
4. Increased salt content in the soil.
5. Both undersized and tall varieties are good for a greenhouse.
6. Tomato planting rules:

Tomato seedlings in a greenhouse - how to get high-quality, high-yield plants

The key to a healthy tomato harvest depends on the quality of the soil in which the tomato seedlings are planted. It should be as close as possible in composition to the one in which the seeds ripened.

The polycarbonate greenhouse must be wiped from the inside with a dry cloth, that is, remove the remaining moisture and check the ventilation system. It is better to make a polyethylene greenhouse in two layers, leaving a space of 4-5 cm between them. This is necessary so that cold air does not penetrate into the greenhouse, but lingers in this gap.The outer layer of polyethylene must be changed at least once every 30 days, because polyethylene deforms under the influence of the environment.

Polycarbonate is mounted on it using special rivets or rubberized self-tapping screws.

• Advice. If the tomato seedlings are already ready for planting and removed from the container, and there is no time to plant it at the moment, then you need to wrap the root system with a damp rag. Do not put tomatoes in water, as they can be oversaturated with moisture.
• Tomato seeds.

The cover is not removed until the first tomato shoots appear, which can be seen through the transparent film.

A detailed description of how to prepare quality seedlings

After completing all the simple requirements for planting and care, you will get a rich harvest.

Taking planting material with tweezers, spread it one seed at a time on dense soil about every centimeter;

However, the main reason is that the seeds were not decontaminated before planting.

The peculiarities of the climate in most of our country imply the use of seedlings for growing delicious tomatoes of various varieties. This is due to the fact that the climate is extremely unpredictable, and therefore frosts can occur not only in May, but even in early June, which will lead to the death of crops or a noticeable inhibition of their development.

• Seedling height 25-30 cm;
• We dilute 1 g of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) in a glass of water. We place tomato seeds in a canvas bag and lower them in a solution of potassium permanganate for 1/3 hour. After that, rinse in water. Then we lower the seeds into a solution prepared from HB fertilizer (2 drops per 1 liter of melt water) for 12 hours. Then we take foam rubber 2 pieces of 10x10 cm, soak it with HB solution: put seeds on one, cover with the other on top so that the seeds do not dry out. Put the foam-tomato "sandwich" on a plate and place the refrigerator for a day. Then we plant the swollen seeds in the ground. Yield largely depends on sowing.
• Greenhouse preparation: ventilate, wipe polycarbonate, removing moisture and dust residues.

Every summer resident should know how to grow tomatoes in his greenhouse, and for this he should have many different ways of growing these vegetables. And below you can see several photos of properly grown tomatoes in a greenhouse.

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse correctly? A seating arrangement is taken and carefully inserted into a previously made hole.

• Stages of work:
• The first thinning is carried out when the first true leaves appear. It is necessary to thin out so that there is a distance of 2 centimeters between all plants.
• If you are interested in how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, you need to know the features of their planting. Usually, the beds are broken along, their width should be 60-90 cm. The number will depend on the width of the greenhouse itself. A passage of 60-70 cm is made between the beds. The scheme for planting tomatoes in a greenhouse is determined by the variety and method of plant formation.

How to pick up seeds

Sprinkle the resulting groove with soil, the thickness of the groove should be

To carry out this event, you must perform the following procedure:

Photo of a greenhouse with seedlings

• It is impossible to deepen the stem, only peat pots are sprinkled;
• Ingredients: extract of Japanese cedar, cypress, pine and plantain.
• The soil is considered fertile, which gives results and bears fruit every year. You need to prepare the soil in the greenhouse in the following way. Having removed a layer of top soil 10 cm thick, the rest of the soil must be treated with an aqueous solution of copper sulfate at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. fertilizers per 1 liter. The top soil is removed to get rid of microbes, and processing is needed so that they do not start up again. Saturate the soil in greenhouses should be in the fall. Tomatoes do not absorb special fertilizers well by the roots, therefore, it is better to fortify and fertilize them with ordinary manure, compost.A culture like tomato needs phosphorus, potassium, ammonia nitrogen. Each component affects in its own way, but they are all necessary equally in order for tomatoes to grow in a greenhouse and give a good harvest.

In order to obtain an earlier harvest, it is advisable to plant part of the tomato seedlings in the greenhouse under small-sized film shelters (tunnels, gable frames). Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, which does not require large material costs, allows you to get ripe fruits 2-3 weeks earlier than from open ground. For planting under these shelters, early maturing determinant varieties are used.

From above it is covered with soil and lightly rammed. Immediately along each row, you need to make additional holes that will be used in the watering process.

All actions can be done by hand. Initially, you need to start rejecting seeds.

How to prepare seeds

After 3-4 weeks, a second thinning is done, while leaving a distance of 3-4 centimeters between the plants. Also remove all weak plants that develop worse than others.

• Low-growing early ripening varieties, in which 2-3 stems are formed, are planted in 2 rows in a checkerboard pattern. Between rows 55-60 cm, and the distance between tomatoes in the greenhouse is 35-40 cm.
• From five millimeters to one centimeter;
• Make a weak solution of potassium permanganate;

There are several ways to get high-quality seedlings of high-yielding tomatoes:

The distance between tomatoes is 0.50 m, if the distance is greater, then the formation of fruits is slower;

• Purpose: growth stimulator, improved seed germination, activator of the immune system of horticultural crops, increases resistance to adverse conditions, increases crop safety, soil health.
• Tomato planting scheme.
• The thermal regime in small-sized film shelters using only solar heating is determined by climatic conditions and time of day. According to the TSKhA, on sunny days, the air temperature in them is 10-15 ° C higher, and on cloudy days - 2-3 ° C higher than in the open field. Soil temperature in sunny weather is 2–4 degrees higher. The air humidity under the film reaches 85 - 100%, which is undesirable for tomatoes. To reduce air humidity, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the shelters. The polyethylene film has a high permeability to thermal infrared rays, which leads to a large drop in temperature at night. The difference with the open ground in the early stages of planting is no more than one degree, so it is necessary to take measures to warm the plantings. With the expected drop in air temperature, the shelters are additionally covered with matting, burlap, thick paper since the evening. Tomatoes can be protected from small frosts in May (up to minus 2 ° C) by watering the soil under cover.

Advice. Such actions are carried out if only the root system is being watered.

Some of them may be spoiled and will certainly not sprout. After that, the seeds are soaked in water for a while. This is necessary in order to saturate them with moisture.

• After thinning, the seedlings need to be watered well. This is done in order to destroy air locks that formed in the upper layer of the soil after thinning. Air congestion negatively affects the development of the root system of tomatoes.
• Determinant and standard tomatoes with 1 stem are planted denser. Between rows it can be 45-50 cm, and between plants - 25-30. It is very important with such a planting scheme not to allow thickening.
• Then spill the grooves with water and cover the greenhouse with plastic.
• It must be warm;
• Buy on the market;

Planting depth 5-6 centimeters (you cannot deepen much);

Release form: solution, granules.

It is better to sow tomato seeds in the ground in the first half of March. After soil and greenhouse preparation in the already fertilized soil, you need to make grooves with a thin stick.Their depth is about 1.5 cm, and the distance between the furrows is 2-2.5 cm. It should be noted right away that the temperature for tomatoes in greenhouses should be above 23 ° C for the first week. You need to very carefully fill the seeds with soil.

• After watering, the shelter is closed at 16-17 o'clock so that internal evaporation occurs. On the inner side of the film, with a subsequent decrease in air temperature, as a result of condensation of water vapor, a thin layer of water is formed, which reduces heat transfer. The next day, the shelter should be well ventilated to reduce air humidity. This is the technology of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse.
• Watch the video showing an example of planting tomato seedlings in the greenhouse soil.
• Advice.

After the second thinning, a layer of soil 3-6 centimeters thick should be poured into the greenhouse between the rows. This is done to better develop the root system of tomatoes.

Tall varieties of tomatoes are also planted in a checkerboard pattern. The distance between the rows should be 75-80 cm, and between the plants 60-70 cm.

By the way, you can sow in depth, "shouting" the grooves, and then backfilling them. Some greenhouse farmers do not maintain a centimeter distance between seeds, but sow them more densely. After the plants sprout, they thin out.

Soil preparation

Lower the planting material into the solution;

Grow in a greenhouse or greenhouse.

Tomato stems are tied to pegs;

Tomato beds should be 15-20cm above ground level

• When the first seedlings appear, it is necessary to provide them with light as much as possible. Fluorescent lamps are also suitable for this. A week after planting, you need to number the varieties so that you do not get confused later. After another week, you need to re-examine the young growth in hotbeds and greenhouses. The leaves should be of a pleasant green color, which means that there is no light deficiency and the plants are developing normally. If their color is changed, you need to urgently open the windows in the greenhouse. At the onset of the 25th day from the moment of planting in the greenhouse, the first true leaves appear. Watering tomato bushes in a greenhouse should be done carefully and infrequently. The temperature must be maintained at least room temperature. Already at this time it is necessary to install support mechanisms in the greenhouse - when the fruits grow, it will be difficult for the branches to hold them.
• A site for film shelters is prepared in the same way as for planting in open ground. Fertilizer rates are somewhat higher here. Experienced gardeners will gladly tell you how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse. Seedlings are planted on low ridges around May 10-20 (depending on weather conditions). Plants on the ridge are placed more often: in 2-3 rows with a distance between rows of 30-40 cm, and between plants in a row - 25-30 cm. If the goal is to get the earliest possible harvest, then a thickened planting is used - up to 10 plants 1 m2. In this case, the plants are formed into one stem, leaving 2-3 inflorescences.
• The first day the seedlings are not watered, since its root system is already moistened, and then you need to choose the optimal watering method:
• You can not do such actions, but simply plant dry seeds. In this case, it all depends on the tomato variety itself. Some of them are very moody and require a special approach.
• It is better to fill in the aisles: peat, sawdust, sand or manure-poured.
• The distance between tomatoes in the greenhouse must be at least 35 cm

Seedling close-up

Leave it there for fifteen to twenty minutes;

• However, the first method is not the most correct one, because you never know what kind of plants and what kind you buy, even if the price of the plants is quite high. Therefore, if you want to be sure of the quality of tomatoes, it is better to plant them yourself. In this article, illustrated with a photo, you will learn in more detail how to grow tomato seedlings in a greenhouse.
• Planting tall tomatoes is done in one row, it is possible in a checkerboard pattern.
• It is better to use special soil in bags for tomatoes. It is advisable to plant seeds for primary germination in plastic cups, 1 seed per glass.
• Seedlings are planted in the second half of May.

If they want to get a higher yield and for a longer period, then no more than 5-6 plants per 1 m2 are planted, and they are formed into two stems, leaving 5 inflorescences on the bush (three brushes are left on the main stem and on the stepson - two brushes). After planting, put the frame and stretch the film. If there is a tunnel shelter, then the arcs are installed every 60 cm (above every second transverse row) and tied together with a synthetic twine over each planted longitudinal row. In the future, a garter of plants will be carried out to the horizontally stretched twine. In this case, stakes can be dispensed with.

How to sow tomatoes

Drip irrigation.

Soil is poured into a peat cup or other container. It is necessary to make several holes at the bottom of the container for excess moisture to escape.

Seedlings can be fed 2-3 weeks after germination. To do this, you can buy biofertilizer and, having prepared a liquid solution according to the recipe on the package, you need to spray the seedlings.

• Particular attention should be paid to overgrown seedlings. It should be planted as follows: make a 12 cm hole in the soil, and in it another hole deeper, just to the height of the seedling pot. First, you need to plant a pot with a plant in the second (deep) hole and sprinkle it with earth. But after two weeks, when the seedlings take root, cover the first hole with earth. This method is much more effective than the usual deep planting, because as soon as the plant is sprinkled with earth, additional roots appear on the long stem of the tomato. As a result, growth stops, the flowers fall off.
• This approach is possible if you planted your own seeds obtained from tomatoes from the previous year's harvest. In the event that you bought expensive elite seeds, you should not do this, since you will simply transfer the seedlings.Then take out and rinse in running warm water to wash off all residues of potassium permanganate.
• To get a high-quality crop, it is extremely correct to create the necessary conditions for growing seedlings in the greenhouse. Of course, some believe that you can grow it with your own hands even on a windowsill, but this is a misconception.

After planting, the "Shining 2" fertilizer is scattered on the surface of the soil around the trunks of the seedlings, on top - a layer of soil mixture of 5 mm, then moistened with water from a sprayer. If a white coating appears, you need to loosen it, and then pour it over with water. For 1 plant, about 1 tablespoon of fertilizer.

If the seeds are hybrid, then all the described procedures do not need to be carried out with them. They need to be grown in cups, and the earth is impregnated with HB solution.

There is another way of growing. Seeds planted in containers become seedlings, and then they can be planted in a greenhouse or greenhouse. The optimal time for planting seedlings in a greenhouse is the second half of May. The soil, both in the greenhouse and in containers for seedlings, must be processed and fortified. It should be clarified that for this type of planting, seeds must be selected only of the highest quality, removing diseased, defective and deformed seeds. The principle of planting seeds is the same as described above. The difference is that if you plant tomatoes in the greenhouse right away, the harvest will be a little later. When planting pre-prepared seedlings in late spring, it will be possible to transplant the already grown tomatoes into the greenhouse. In order to grow seedlings, you need to prepare containers 15 cm high, the size of such containers is at the discretion of the gardener.

Features of seedling care

The care of planted tomatoes in the greenhouse should be more careful than in the open field.First of all, here it is necessary to strictly monitor the air temperature. In sunny weather, the temperature in a small-sized shelter quickly rises and reaches 40 ° C and above. In this case, the pollen becomes sterile, pollination does not occur, and damage to the leaves and stem can be observed. To prevent these undesirable phenomena, it is necessary to resort to airing the shelters, lifting the film from the sides, and lowering it again in the evening. If the weather is calm, warm, then the film is removed for the daytime. In warm rainy weather, the film at the ends of the tunnels should be open to reduce air humidity. In 30–40 days after planting, when stable warm weather is established, the film is removed. Such short-term use of the film allows it to be used to cover plants for 3-4 years.

Sprinkler.

The soil is not rammed in order to ensure the flow of air.

Liquid fertilizer treatments must be repeated after two weeks and so on until the seedlings are planted in open ground

• It often happens that vegetable growers try to plant as many varieties of tomatoes as possible in their small greenhouse. You should not do this, because in this case, it is unlikely that you will be lucky to achieve bountiful harvests. But making fun of the plants will certainly work: cramped conditions, lack of light, the spread of diseases, difficult airing. Less is better.
• The air temperature for the first time days, until sprouts appear, must be maintained at a level of twenty degrees. After that, you can lower it a little.
• Simple film greenhouse and seedlings in cups
• Greenhouse-grown tomatoes
• Top dressing is done once every 12-14 days

The seeds are not soaked, but sown dry into moist soil or a mixture of equal parts of humus, healthy turf and peat

After pre-processing the soil, you will need to make furrows. Seeds are placed in them, sprinkled with soil, after which they should be watered. The difference in the development of greenhouse seeds from seedlings is also that for good growth of plants in containers, a lot of light and heat is needed. If there is a shortage of light, this will affect the fruits and the yield is unlikely to meet expectations in the future. Therefore, it is better to put containers with sprouting seeds on the window, adding lighting with lamps, then the effect will be like in a greenhouse. The first 2 days, it is better to leave the light even at night. After 10 days, the container must be rearranged to a cooler place so that the bushes do not stretch too much - growth will slow down in a cool place. Lamps, on the contrary, do not need to be removed, although they are already turned off at night for this period.

In conclusion

After each watering, the film cover should be well ventilated. The formation of plants here must be carried out more carefully, avoiding the outgrowth of stepchildren, at least once a week. Finish it when the fruits are tied on the last left inflorescence. At the same time, the stem is limited in growth, leaving 2-3 leaves above the upper raceme. In the northern regions of our zone, the tomato harvest in the open field is usually low. Fruits are often severely affected by late blight. Under these conditions, in order to obtain a high yield, it is advisable to grow a tomato under gable-type shelters. The height of the shelter in the ridge is up to 150 cm, on the sides - up to 110–120 cm, the width may vary depending on the number of planted rows of plants. When planting in 2 rows (this scheme is better for caring for the crop and it provides good ventilation of the structure), the width of the shelter is 110–120 cm. At the ends and on the roof, the film is rigidly attached to the shelter frame. A bar (reel) is nailed to the lower edge of the side film, onto which the film is wound when lifted. For better tightness of the shelter during early planting, it is better to lay the bobbins in small grooves. When warm weather sets in, the film is rolled from the sides onto the roof of the shelter.If there is strong dew in the summer, then at night the sides of the shelter are lowered so that the plants are dry. This largely prevents their defeat by late blight.

How to start growing tomatoes indoors ↑

Intrasoil.

Using a simple wooden stick of large volume (3-4 cm), a not too deep hole is made in the ground. Seeds are poured into it and covered with earth.

Sowing tomato seeds for seedlings ↑

When the temperature of 20 degrees Celsius is set in the yard, you need to start hardening the seedlings. To do this, the seedlings must first be opened a day for 15-25 minutes, then for half an hour. At the same time, each week you need to increase the hardening time.

Proper care of plants is the basis for the future harvest. You need to start it immediately after planting the seedlings in the greenhouse. Here are the basic steps for caring for tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Advice. To prevent various diseases, the plants are sprayed with milk diluted with water every seven days.

Diving tomato seedlings ↑

Those who want to know how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse should pay attention to such an aspect as ensuring better seed germination.

Of course, you will have plants, but there is no need to talk about their quality, as well as the readiness to bring a high yield.

... After the first feeding during the planting of tomato seedlings in the greenhouse, it is necessary to mulch the plant with compost after two weeks. This is especially true if you grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter.

Greenhouse preparation ↑

... Again, this soil mixture is soaked with an HB solution (2 drops per 1 liter).

Water the tomatoes as they dry. When the seedlings grow up, they tie it to pegs.

Under this type of shelter, both early-maturing determinant varieties and later large-fruited varieties can be grown. The cultivation of tomato varieties is formed in three stems, and later varieties - in two stems. The tops of the stems are pinched on August 10-15. Plants are tied to a frame or stakes. If the seedlings have outgrown by the time of planting, then at least half the length of the stem must be laid in a groove 7-10 cm deep and covered with earth (the leaves are removed from this part of the stem). With such a planting, a powerful adventitious root system is formed on the laid stem. In this case, the first flower brush is laid closer to the surface of the earth, therefore, the total number of brushes on the plant at a relatively low height of the structure will be greater. Both of these factors contribute to a higher yield.

Features of planting seedlings ↑

Each tomato variety has its own watering instructions.

1. Advice. Do not cover the seeds with soil too tightly. It is necessary to give them the opportunity to freely saturate with air.
2. When a stable temperature is already established both day and night, it is not lower than 15 degrees Celsius, then you can make a small window for round-the-clock airing of the greenhouse.
3. Watering plants
4. Seedlings are fed about fourteen days after they have been transplanted.
5. To complete this procedure, you need the following:

This is due to several factors:

Scheme of planting tomatoes in a greenhouse

Help

• The cups are covered with cling film. Then the seeds germinate quickly (after which they need to be watered) and the seedlings begin to rise intensively.
• Water the seedlings as the soil dries out. Once the shoots are large enough, they need to be moved to the greenhouse. In the ground, it is necessary to make hole-like pits with a spatula, 5 cm wide and deep. The bushes of young shoots are carefully separated and transplanted into a greenhouse. If the seedling reaches very high - up to 0.5 m - the pits for planting should be at least 30 cm in diameter so that the rhizome is not cramped. If the root system is tangled, it is necessary to unravel or cut off the ends of the roots with great care, but so that the main part of the rhizome is not affected.After that, the roots need to be sprinkled with soil, but so that they are not pressed too hard. The pits should be sized so that the plant is resistant. This is followed by moderate watering. Holes need to be dug 10 days before planting tomatoes, because the soil should warm up as much as possible before the rhizome gets into it.
• Greenhouse preparation for planting begins in the fall. Plants are harvested and burned, the old film is removed. When growing tomatoes in a greenhouse for 3 or more years in a row, pests and pathogens accumulate in the soil. In addition, with the permanent use of nutrient soil, one-sided use of nutrients is observed, which leads to depletion of the soil specifically for the tomato culture. Therefore, if possible, the frame of the greenhouse should be moved to a new location every year. If this is not possible, then in the fall, after harvesting the post-harvest residues from the greenhouse and destroying them, it is necessary to remove the top layer of soil by 4-5 cm, where disease-causing elements are mainly concentrated, remove it from the greenhouse and stack it for 2-3 years for biological recovery. In place of the removed soil layer, fresh soil should be brought in. All parts of the greenhouse, inventory and containers must be disinfected. After that, it is necessary to evenly scatter humus or compost at 10 kg per 1 m2, dolomite flour, phosphorus and potash fertilizers and dig up. Fertilizer doses are best determined by soil analysis. Roughly, you can use the same doses as for open ground or slightly higher. In the spring, as soon as the soil is ripe, loosen the soil without turning the layer with a garden pitchfork to the greatest possible depth, then you need to scatter nitrogen fertilizers and close them up with a hand cultivator. If fertilization and digging were not carried out in the fall, then this is done in the spring. The greenhouse should be covered with a film a few days before planting the seedlings so that the soil has time to warm up well.

Note. If you have questions about how to properly plant tomatoes in a greenhouse, then you can first consult with a specialist in this field, who will tell you what actions should be taken and what should not be done.

All cups with seedlings are located in the greenhouse.

Thus, the seedlings will be hardened and in a few weeks will be completely ready for planting in open ground.

Experienced vegetable growers advise not to water the plants in the greenhouse in the first days after planting. You need to wait 10 days until the plants take root, and then water it. It is important to adhere to the optimum water temperature - 20-22 ° C. Remember that before the flowering phase, tomatoes are watered after 4-5 days, while 1m2 requires 4-5 liters of water. During flowering, watering needs to be increased - 10-13 liters per 1m2. It is best to water the plants in the greenhouse at the root in the morning, and not in the evening, when condensation forms and drops of water fall on the tomatoes.

• For this, a solution of chicken manure is prepared:

Place the seeds in a small bag - made of gauze, bandage or scarf;

Very rarely, the windows in our apartments are located so that sunlight enters them most of the day;

• Shine 2 is used when you need:

Too tight planting, poor aeration of the air, as a result, does not affect the yield in the best way.

• Otherwise, the plant will simply freeze and will not sprout on time.

Planting tomato seedlings in unheated film greenhouses (amateurs generally have this type of greenhouses) can be started from the first decade of May, and in heated greenhouses - from mid-April. It should be remembered that the film does not protect plants from freezing temperatures, therefore, in the early stages of planting, in case of a threat of frost, it is necessary to have personal protective equipment on hand from the cold.

Which design is better

• The first period of time, which is 20-30 days, leaves of tomatoes will not appear. Only then will the stems grow.

Growing seedlings is complete when they are transplanted into open ground.

Today, drip irrigation is used more and more often.

• Twenty parts of hot water;

Put the bag in a thermos with hot water;

Glasses installed on windows prevent the free passage of ultraviolet rays, which can negatively affect plant health;

Adapt the soil for seedlings;

When the seeds germinate, you need to make sure that the earth is in the cups, but you do not need to pour it. During the first month, watering is carried out 2 more times with an interval of two weeks. Otherwise, the seedlings (growing tomatoes in the greenhouse) will be pulled out. You can specially install a lamp for additional lighting and thus increase the "daylight hours" for plants. Tomatoes do not need to be overheated: during the day, a temperature of 16-18 degrees is enough, and at night it is lowered by 3-4 degrees.

tapas for growing tomato seedlings in a greenhouse

The crop should be harvested as it ripens.

Line markup

1. The scheme for planting a tomato in a greenhouse depends on the variety, the method of forming the bush and the size of the greenhouse. Planting rows are best directed from north to south, which improves the lighting conditions for the plants. In a greenhouse 2 m wide, tall greenhouse varieties, when formed into one stem, should be planted one row to the left and right of the central path. In the very row between the plants, they give 35–40 cm, that is, about three plants are planted per 1 m2. If the greenhouse is about four meters wide, then two planting options are possible. When the rows are directed along the greenhouse, they are planted in one row on the sides, and in the middle of the greenhouse - two rows at a distance of 50-60 cm row from row. In this case, there should be two tracks.
2. At the moment, greenhouse designs have various types:
3. During this period, the most important thing is to provide proper care for them. It includes not only watering, but also fertilizing the soil to feed the sprouts.
4. Before pulling out seedlings from the greenhouse, the lines need to be watered and fed with high quality.

Sowing seeds

1. Airing
2. One piece of litter;
3. Leave for a couple of hours.
4. In the apartments there is a low level of humidity, which leads to the need for constant moisture of the shoots.

Greenhouse cover

1. Feed the plants;
2. Features of watering: water 20-21 degrees, melt, with the addition of HB 1-2 drops per 1 liter, watering at the root before diving. If the seedlings lean towards the window, then the cups need to be turned so that the seedlings are straight.
3. The best shoot length is up to 0.5 m. It is not necessary to grow taller seedlings, otherwise, when planting in a greenhouse, the shoots risk breaking or bending. Sprinkle such bushes with soil until the first small leaves appear. After their adaptation, you need to fill in a little more earth. The next watering after planting is carried out no earlier than the 12th day. It is not difficult to care for tomatoes planted in a greenhouse. Garter, hilling and feeding made on time will give a good result. Do not forget that permanent drip or conventional irrigation systems must be supplied to the greenhouse. It is also worth regularly checking the temperature readings and the amount of light entering the greenhouse. If the tomato is light enough, the fruit will be large and tasty. Initially, you do not need to save on the cost of seeds - the more expensive the hybrid, the better the fruits will be. To carry out work on planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, you will need the following devices.

Thinning seedlings

1. You can use another option for placing the tomato in wide greenhouses. One central track is made in the middle, and planting is carried out with two-line ribbons across the greenhouse. One of the row spacings, the one on which they walk, is made wide, and the other, respectively, narrow. For example: 100? 40, 90? 50, 80? 60. In a row, depending on the variety, the distance between plants is 45–50 cm. With this planting scheme, there are also about three plants per 1 m2.
2. Film coated on a wooden frame.
3. You also need a certain temperature, which should not drop below +15 degrees at night.

Top-up soil in the greenhouse

1. It is advisable to plant seedlings in open ground in cloudy weather and in the afternoon. During the night, she will be able to better adapt to new conditions.
2. Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity is the main condition for obtaining a generous harvest. Tomatoes are not afraid of drafts, so you need to ventilate in any way: open the side and upper vents, twist the film at the bottom, open the ends. Be sure to ventilate the greenhouse 2 hours after watering. This is especially important during flowering, because wet pollen cannot get into the pistil, so pollination will not occur. The temperature in the greenhouse on a cloudy day should be 18-20 ° С, on a sunny day - 24-26 ° С, and at night - 15-16 ° С.

Fertilizing seedlings in a greenhouse

1. The solution must be cooled slightly;
2. In addition, growing tomato seedlings in a greenhouse involves preliminary hardening of the seeds, which will allow them to tolerate possible changes in air and soil temperatures well. For this, seeds that have already begun to swell are placed in the refrigerator for two days, but not in the freezer!

Hardening seedlings and airing the greenhouse

1. Therefore, growing tomato seedlings in a greenhouse is the best way to get really high-quality plants suitable for further planting in open ground.
2. Process potatoes for planting.
3. When 2-4 leaves appear, we proceed to picking and transplanting. For a greenhouse, it is best to grow tomatoes in peat pots with tomato soil or potting soil as described above. If there are weak seedlings, then they need to be discarded. Elongated seedlings can be deepened to the level of 0.5 cm to the cotyledons.

Transplanting seedlings into open ground

2. If early ripening low-growing varieties recommended for open ground are planted, then in a greenhouse two meters wide they can be placed in two rows to the left and right of the central path, but it is better to plant them in a checkerboard pattern to facilitate care. Plants form at the same time in 2-3 stems, and in a row they are placed every 50 cm.
3. Film on a metal frame.

Advice. The seedlings should not stretch too much, as all the nutrients will go to the root or trunk of the bush.

Growing seedlings in a greenhouse is the cheapest and most effective way for people who permanently live near their personal plots. For summer residents who live in the city and come only for the weekend, this method is not suitable, since the seedlings require stable care. Tomatoes are much easier to grow in a greenhouse than other plants (cabbage or peppers), so this chance does not need to be wasted. Anyone who has the opportunity can grow high-quality seedlings in a greenhouse made by himself. The main thing is to follow simple rules and have quality seeds.

The process of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse has some peculiarities, if you take them into account, you can get an excellent result. Many gardeners are concerned about the question: planting a tomato in a polycarbonate greenhouse, where to start?

…

Soil preparation

Greenhouse soil preparation under the tomatoes in the spring is a very important event, because with improperly prepared soil, the plants will not give a good harvest and will constantly hurt. It will be best if you remove the top layer of soil (about 10 cm), and pour copper sulfate on the renewed soil for tomatoes in the greenhouse (1 tablespoon per bucket of water). After that, be sure to ventilate the room.

Then you should dig up last year's beds with humus and close the greenhouse before planting the tomatoes. Such processing before planting tomatoes is simply vital.

Important! Fresh manure cannot be used as fertilizer!

Reference. In no case should you plant tomatoes in the same greenhouse for more than 2 years in a row! Most infections remain in the ground anyway, and new plants will become infected.

Important! Crops after which it is impossible to plant a tomato are all nightshade: tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, physalis, and for example, after cucumbers and potatoes, on the contrary, it is necessary.

Reference. Plants such as tomatoes require loamy, neutral or slightly acidic soil that is well ventilated.

Due to poor frost resistance, tomatoes need to be transplanted on the heights... The beds, the height of which should be about 40 cm, must be formed about 1.5 weeks before planting seedlings on them.

Reference. Maximum acceptable age

seedlings

for transplanting - about one and a half months, at the end of this period the seedlings have an optimally mature root system.

Photo

Below in the photo: planting a tomato in a greenhouse.

General landing rules

So, how to plant tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse correctly? The main thing is to follow a few simple rules.

• choice of the day;

A cloudy day is considered a good day for planting. If the day is sunny, then it is better to plant in the late afternoon to reduce stress from the hot sun. The soil when planting plants should be well warmed up.

• landing depth;

The root should be completely in the ground, but the growth point should not be closed - it is about 15 cm deep, it will be good to put humus or other fertilizer in the grooves.

Remove yellow and cotyledon leaves at ground level before planting. Necessary compact the soil around the plant and sprinkle with soil. To prevent diseases such as late blight, each plant can be sprayed with copper oxychloride (40 g of copper per bucket of water).

• watering.

After the transplant, you need water abundantly tomatoes, under each bush. Further, it is better not to water the plants for a week, since otherwise all development will go to the growth of the stem. In the future, it is worth watering the tomatoes rarely, but abundantly, preferably in the morning hours.

It is very important to choose a specific the order of planting seedlings tomatoes, depending on the varieties. And also decide which tomatoes to plant, when to plant and at what distance.

Tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse: planting scheme

• two-row, which means that the width of the bed should be about 1.5 meters, and the length - as much as you like, taking into account the fact that the distance between the plants should be about 30-60 cm.
• checkerboard - planting bushes in 2 rows, with an interval of about 50 cm, at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other with the formation of 2-3 stems. This scheme is suitable for undersized early maturing varieties.
• staggered order, but for tall species, every 60 cm with a distance of 75 cm between the rows.

In the photo below: tomatoes in a greenhouse planting scheme

Important! You need to plant prepared seedlings in a greenhouse. Preparation takes place by hardening - taking seedlings outside in a warm time of the day for about 2 hours.

Reference. 2-3 days before planting, the seedlings, if they are in separate containers, need to be watered, it will be more convenient to remove them during transplanting. And the seedlings that grow in a common container, on the contrary, stop watering in 2-3 days, and watered abundantly before transplanting.

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse: distance

Planting tomato seedlings has its own specific algorithm. In order not to be mistaken in distance between plants, study the packaging from the seeds, planting in the ground will be most accurately described there. In any case, you should not plant more than 30 cm from each other and no further than 80 cm.When the distance is too small, the tomatoes will wither from lack of nutrients, and with a large distance there will be a small crop and the fruits will grow and ripen more slowly ...

Greenhouse landing

For a better harvest, you should consider not only the placement of the tomatoes, but also the correct date for planting the tomatoes. First of all, you need to wait for the most constant warm weather.

• plants can be planted in a heated greenhouse from April 29;
• to an unheated greenhouse, but with a double film layer - from May 5;
• to an unheated and not insulated greenhouse - from May 20;
• in open ground, but with a film coating - from May 25.

The air temperature, on average, when planting in a greenhouse should be about 25 ° C.

Reference. To improve the quality of the yield, the plants should be fed every 20 days with mineral fertilizers, and after transplanting, 10 days later, the first feeding should be carried out (half a liter of liquid mullein, 1 tablespoon of nitrophoska per 10 liters of water), and about a liter of fertilizer should be used for each bush ...

Which greenhouse to choose?

An important factor in improving productivity is the material from which your greenhouse is made.

Now the more popular coating materials are polyethylene film and polycarbonate.

Polycarbonate - the material is not cheap, but durable and does not wear out immediately, unlike film. Although it perfectly protects plants from ultraviolet radiation, it is more suitable for winter heated greenhouses due to its thermal insulation properties, but for summer greenhouses, polycarbonate is not particularly needed and will not pay off.

And the temperature in such structures will be simply unbearable for plants on hot days, and even ventilation holes will not help. You will also have to insulate the soil in the greenhouse for the winter, otherwise it will freeze.

Have film coating there are significant advantages over polycarbonate.

• it is easier to cover the greenhouse with a film, and in case of a breakthrough, it is easy to replace;
• in winter, since the film is removed, you should not think about covering the soil, snowdrifts will do an excellent job with insulation;
• film is a cheap material, albeit quickly deteriorating.

Principled difference between these two materials- number of harvests, in a polycarbonate greenhouse, you can plant tomatoes earlier and several times, and therefore you can harvest more often.

Finally

Growing tomatoes is not an easy task even for experienced gardeners; planting tomatoes in a greenhouse requires a competent approach. However, if you adhere to the basic rules and tips, you can get good results even for a beginner.

Useful video

We hope that we have answered your question on how to properly plant tomatoes in a greenhouse. And in the video below: planting tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse

In early spring, many summer residents plant tomato seeds in plastic cups filled with earth and place them on a glazed balcony. With good care, sprouts hatch from the seeds, and tomato seedlings quickly begin to turn violently green. When it is strong enough, it needs to be transplanted.

Since tomatoes love warmth, they are more comfortable growing in a greenhouse. In spring, the weather is unstable, there are frosts in the mornings, the soil warms up poorly, and in the open field the seedlings may die.

What is a greenhouse

A greenhouse is easy to purchase in a specialty store or to make yourself from improvised means. To grow a good harvest, you need to correctly place the structure in your summer cottage. A flat place, fully illuminated by the rays of the sun, is best suited. Greenhouses are of several types:

• from glass;
• made of polyethylene film;
• made of polycarbonate.

If the structure is covered with polyethylene, it does not need to be made too long. The film is an unstable material and can burst from strong winds. The optimal length of such a greenhouse is 2-3 meters.

A glass or polycarbonate structure is more expensive, but much more stable. He is not afraid of weather conditions, so you can safely set the length at 4-5 meters. The height of any structure usually does not exceed 1.3 meters. To weed or thin out the seedlings, remove the top or side of the greenhouse.

How to prepare the ground

Particular attention should be paid to the soil. The land from the garden needs to be enriched with nutrients.

1. Take soil, peat and river sand peeled from roots in a ratio of 1: 1: 1.
2. Dissolve a store-bought sachet of mineral fertilizers in water and pour liberally over the mixture.
3. Instead of peat, you can take humus and 50 g of chalk ground into a powder.

Planting tomatoes in a different way also gives a good harvest. It is necessary to mix in equal proportions earth, peat and humus. On a bucket of such soil, you need to pour 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate and 1 liter of wood ash. Stir everything and pour water well.

A week before planting the plants, beds are made. They should be 20 to 30 cm long and about 60 cm wide. The soil must be thoroughly loosened and watered moderately.

When is the best time to plant tomatoes

Landing in a greenhouse is carried out when the soil has already warmed up well, because the structure is not heated. It is advisable to measure the temperature of the earth. At a depth of 15-20 cm, the indicator should not be less than 13 degrees.

It is important not to overexpose the seedlings and prevent them from overgrowing. Wait until it has 5-7 leaves, and it reaches a length of 35 cm. During this period, the tomatoes are strong, with well-developed roots, and it is convenient to plant them.

Seedlings are planted on May 25-30. At this time, frosts practically do not happen, the sun has warmed up the earth, and the tomato sprouts have grown well. If the greenhouse is polycarbonate, it is warmer, so the planting date can be set earlier - May 15.

Take cups of seedlings, carefully remove the sprouts along with the soil, being careful not to disturb the root system, and place them in the previously prepared small holes in the beds in a checkerboard pattern. Varieties with wide tall bushes should be planted at a distance of 50-60 cm.Dwarf - at a width of 40 cm.

It is better to plant in the late afternoon, when the weather is cloudy outside. It is useful to fill the wells with a weak solution of manganese. Dissolve 1 g of the product in a large bucket of water. If the bushes of tomato seedlings have not outgrown, they are planted vertically. Too long stems are dipped obliquely into the hole, cut off the lower leaves and then sprinkle with earth.

Advice. After transferring the seedlings to the greenhouse, they should not be watered for 2 weeks. During this time, the tomatoes will take root and grow. Subsequent watering should be done strictly at the root, trying not to wet the tops, since moisture on it leads to infections.

How to care for

A few weeks after planting, each tomato bush must be tied to a twine previously stretched over the beds. When the tomato shoots begin to bloom, be sure to ventilate the greenhouse every day, and leave it open until evening in warm weather. Shake your brushes periodically at lunchtime to help them pollinate better.

In order for the tomato bushes to form correctly, stepchildren must be removed in a timely manner. Their size should not exceed 5 cm. Cutting off larger stepchildren has a negative effect on plants. When the first tomatoes appear, remove the leaves below the inflorescence from the stems. Perform the procedure when it is warm, sunny, and the wounds on the shoots will heal faster.

Approach competently to watering tomatoes. They do not need high humidity, so saturate them with water no more than once every 5-6 days. When fruits are given a lot of water, they become less fleshy, more acidic, and begin to crack.

Top dressing of tomatoes

Once the tomato planting is over, you need to think about fertilizing. To obtain a high yield, they must be introduced 20 days after planting.

Potassium monophosphate has proven itself well. Collect 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp in them. l. fertilize and water the seedling bushes in the greenhouse. If there is not enough water, prepare the solution again.

After 10 days, you can repeat the feeding of the tomatoes. During this period, an ovary is usually formed, which will benefit from another solution.

1. Fill a container with 10 liters of water.
2. Measure out 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate, half a liter can of poultry droppings and stir the ingredients in the liquid.
3. Take a quart jar, fill it with the solution and pour it under the tomato bush.
4. Treat each plant like this.

To make the fruits tasty, top dressing can only be done after watering the tomatoes.

Fight disease

To prevent the spread of top rot, the plant should be sprayed as it blooms. Dissolve 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. l. calcium nitrate and process the bushes. Tomatoes in a greenhouse are not immune to late blight contamination.

An epidemic of the disease can be prevented by the following drugs:

• the first treatment - means "Zaslon". Pour 1 cap of medicine into 300 ml of water and spray the bushes;
• second treatment - means "Barrier". It is required to dilute 5 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water;
• the third treatment is a garlic solution. Crush 150 g of fresh garlic, pour the gruel with a bucket of water and let it brew for half an hour. Then strain and sprinkle the tomato tops.

The crop can be harvested when the fruits are just beginning to sing. Unripe, they are well transported and stored better.

A greenhouse is an ideal solution for a summer resident who wants to collect a bucket of tomatoes from each bush. This desire is quite realizable if you properly prepare the soil, successfully select seeds and germinate strong healthy seedlings from them.

Regular watering and timely feeding will help you achieve your desired goal and grow beautiful tomatoes.