Is it profitable to grow turkeys and what are the benefits for money

If you want to create your own mini-farm from scratch and in the future get a good profit, then growing turkeys is the best option for a stable income. Why?

1. Profitability. Poultry grows faster than other animals. In particular, turkeys live without unnecessary stress, especially without wasting energy like chickens.
2. Saving. By purchasing 3 kg of feed for one turkey, you can get 1 kg instead, while for 1 kg of pork you need to purchase 7 kg of feed.
3. There are no additional difficulties. They eat almost all types of food, especially green species.
4. Multifunctionality. Turkeys provide a large amount of meat, fluff, feathers, dung for fertilization.
5. Poultry can be grown both in rural areas and in the private sector.

Bronze broad-breasted turkey

Therefore, poultry farming is one of the most profitable business categories today. Turkey meat is very popular with meat lovers because it is similar to chicken. This meat is dietary, has high taste and useful properties. Read more about breeding turkeys at home below.

How to start raising turkeys at home from scratch?

Before planning to build a poultry farm, the farmer should select a turkey variety. Know the environmental factors that will affect the viability and performance of your poultry:

• light duration and saturation;
• air temperature and structure;
• type of food;
• living space;
• disease propensity;
• a kind of bird.

What breed should you choose?

The rate of production growth and profitability of the entire poultry complex depends on the correctly purchased variety of poultry. Some species gain mass in a short time, while others grow less intensively. The best option is to choose elite bird species, for example, Big 6, because it grows the fastest in the weight category (males for 130 days about 19 kg, females - 11 kg.).

Another successful species for fishing is bronze broad-breasted bird. These are massive birds (females grow up to seven to nine kg, and males ten to fifteen kg).

• Minus: the turkey is not adapted to pasture nutrition, since it was bred specifically for cages and poultry houses.
• Plus: fertility is up to one hundred and twenty eggs per year, and fertility is 80%, chicks - turkey poults - up to 75%.

Slaughter is carried out at the twentieth or twenty-third week, when males reach 13-15 kg, and females 7-8 kg.

North Caucasian bronze turkey has a well-developed adaptation to green nutrition. Males can put on weight up to fourteen kg, and females - seven kg. Oviposition - from nine months to six months (1 period - 80 eggs).

White broad-breasted turkey

White broad-breasted turkey has excellent meat performance, quick adaptation to a variety of climatic factors. Egg production from nine months to a year (1 period up to 120 eggs). White broad-breasted turkey is divided into: heavy, medium and light. Males grow up to 25 kg and females up to 10 kg.

Cross BIG-6 (heavy breed) has quality meat characteristics and has a short growth period. It is bought for meat (males weigh 25 kg, and females - 11 kg).

• Plus: the net weight of an adult is 80-85%.
• Minus: to breed this species, it is necessary to artificially fertilize poultry.

Poultry farms make a special schedule for hatching turkeys, and farmers calculate the days to buy chicks. Since the transportation of chicks, eggs, feed and similar cargo is carried out systematically, it will be more profitable for such purposes to buy your own transport. It is not cheap, but this business will soon yield results that will delight you.

Where to buy turkeys?

You can buy poultry at a special farm. Try to choose such turkeys between which there are no family ties, because the offspring may be born weaker than when mating individuals that do not have family ties. Before you get turkeys, you must carefully familiarize yourself with the rules for choosing the young generation of rural poultry.

Features of growing turkeys at home for meat

You can grow turkeys in a variety of ways: extensive, semi-intensive, cage, outdoor. Also alternate these options, depending on the weather, age criterion, goals, variety. You can breed turkeys at home both naturally and in a broiler way (eggs are placed in an incubator for a specific period of time at a specific temperature). If the goal of your business is to obtain meat, then the broiler method is suitable for you, since turkeys quickly increase in size in a short period of time. The younger generation that was bred in the incubator is more susceptible to diseases than the one that was grown naturally, so you need to take care of them more carefully.

Difficulties in breeding appear when turkeys are 1 month old. An important advantage of the bird is a large percentage of hatchability (90%). Turkey poults are well bred in incubators. If they grow in a natural environment, then it should be borne in mind that the turkey is a very caring mother and this can be used to raise any type of bird.

For turkeys, it is recommended to create a straw nest 40 by 40 centimeters (one bird - 13-17 eggs). The required egg temperature is 12-15 degrees, and the required incubation time is twenty-eight days.

Only newly born chicks should be drunk with boiled water along with green tea and sugar (1 tablespoon / 1 liter of water), since the antiseptic properties of green tea help to strengthen the immunity of the offspring. So they need to be fed for the first three days, and on the fourth, you can give ordinary water.

Immediately after birth, young offspring need constant light, which must be reduced step by step by thirty minutes. On the 20th day, fifteen hours of light are needed. Poults can easily catch colds, so it is very important to maintain the recommended temperature.

Due to the rapid weight gain over the next three weeks, it is recommended to feed the bird during the first month with PK-5 compound feed with vitamin supplements, amino acids and minerals. At the start of the second offspring, they are fed with an inexpensive food mixture (crushed corn, barley and bran) with the necessary additions of cottage cheese, grated carrots or fish giblets. The best vitamin for turkeys are B vitamins, therefore, according to the recommendations of experts, add dry yeast to your food.

Conditions of detention

You should not keep turkey poults in the same place with other birds (chickens, geese, ducks). As a last resort, make a small wire fence to avoid crowding between the turkeys. In this limited area, the presence of various pits and grooves is not desirable.

You can raise turkeys in:

1. A special building. To correctly equip the building, it is necessary to adhere to the temperature regime, the permissible air temperature (no more than + 20C °). It is also worth observing the correct location and number of birds in one cage.
2. Open air, fenced area. This option is relevant if you live in a warm area. These birds are not afraid of cold weather, but only if the air temperature is not too low.

When growing poultry in an open area, you need to equip it. To do this, block the required area with a net, and put drinkers and feeders for turkeys inside:

• Mesh diameter: 3.00-4.60 m for 240-450 individuals.
• Material: wire, height 40-50 cm.
• Heaters: 3.0-5.6 kW (take into account the fence and the number of individuals).
• Burner height - 70-90 cm.
• Temperature range: 36-38 С °, decreasing to 27 С °.
• Drinking bowl. It is recommended to put a round one with an automatic machine or a vacuum one.
• Feeder. For 40-60 turkeys - one feeder.
• Light. Observe the required amount of light for a strong and healthy generation. To do this, use an incandescent lamp, with automatic or manual mode.

Turkey diet

Pay close attention to the nutrition of the poultry, because it affects the rate of weight gain and the readiness for slaughter for meat. The diet of elite turkeys includes many vitamin, protein and carbohydrate, fat components, which are contained in vitamin mixtures, sold in special points or in a veterinary pharmacy. Replenish the amount of food in the offspring as it decreases and do not store it in the trough for more than 3 days. An adult male should be fed 2.9 kg of feed per kg. the weight of the turkey, to the female - 2.6 kg. Do not forget that turkeys practically do not see into the distance and it is worth making sure that other birds do not eat turkey poults. When raising turkeys for slaughter, females living 105 days (10 kg) are recommended.

Drinking bowls must be given special attention: they need to be rinsed a couple of times a day, and also to avoid overheating of the water. It needs to be replenished constantly and kept cool and clean. After a week and a half, it is recommended to start letting the bird go for a walk on its own.

Is it worth it, the possible profit

When breeding turkeys, you can earn by selling: meat, eggs and chicks. The selling price of turkey meat ranges from 150 to 350 rubles per kilogram. If we take an average mass of 15 kg, then we get that one poultry meat can be sold for about 3750 rubles.

Turkey eggs can be of interest to entrepreneurs who breed in incubators. The cost of one egg is 35 rubles.

Selling one chick can bring you from 250 to 500 rubles. The exact figure depends on the breed. The sale of chicks is carried out when they reach the age of three weeks.

And yet the main incentive to grow turkeys is poultry meat. Compared to chicken offspring, they breed a small number of chicks - 80-100 per year. Growing turkeys requires a lot of effort at the start, but in the future, due to the advantages of breeding this bird, the business becomes profitable.And if you have not yet decided for yourself: “Breeding turkeys as a business - is it profitable or not,” then the answer is obvious - “Yes”.

Breeding turkeys is gaining more and more popularity from year to year. Even in private farms, farmers strive to make their own business on this. This direction of poultry farming is profitable with low costs, simple care for the wards, and the demand for dietary meat.

It is very important to organize your business correctly. The health of birds directly depends on a reasonable approach, which means their productivity and profitability of the business.

How to start planning your business

Breeding turkeys as a business starts with a general idea of ​​the desired result and the way to achieve it. The future farmer must decide on what he will earn money: on the sale of meat, hatching eggs, young animals or adult breeding individuals. From this, the necessary inventory and breed are selected. Next begins the study of specific hybrids, their compatibility with each other.

The farmer must choose what products he wants to sell.

Next, you need to decide on the form of maintenance, care, the number of heads in the flock. After the prices are studied, a plan of expenses is drawn up, profitability is considered, construction work and arrangement of premises are organized. In conclusion, the disinfection of the poultry house, the purchase and settlement of livestock, the registration of the business with government agencies are carried out.

Choice of direction

Where to start choosing the direction of maintenance, not every newly-made farmer will guess. First of all, the features of a particular cross, its tendency to disease, the scale of the territory, and the climate of residence are taken into account.

Depending on these factors, the priority type of cultivation is determined:

Usually turkeys are kept outdoor.

1. Extensive - best suited for southern regions, in cold areas is difficult. A warm poultry house and pasture area are combined with a shelter from precipitation and heat. From 2 months of age to slaughter, individuals spend most of their time walking. They have the ability to feed on grass, insects on their own, which reduces feed costs. The method is good for the development of the immunity of the livestock to the disease, reducing the percentage of rejects. At the same time, extensive maintenance is possible only seasonally, so the income is also not constant. Suitable for all breeds.
2. Cellular - multi-tiered cages are installed in the poultry house. Only suitable for light to medium crossovers. The room is equipped with ventilation, lighting and heating. In such conditions, females for slaughter grow faster. In addition, it is more profitable to keep young animals for pedigree sale and space is more efficiently spent. The method is often combined with artificial insemination of turkeys to hatch hatching eggs. Long-term keeping of one livestock in cages is not recommended in order to avoid frailty, sickness of birds. For quick slaughter or sale at a young age, this option is acceptable.
3. Floor - often chosen in cold regions for heavy turkeys, but also suitable for other types of breeds. For such content, a spacious room is taken with heating, light, ventilation without drafts. The floor rises above ground level by 25-30 cm, is insulated and covered with a bed of hay and sawdust of soft trees. Slots can be made, or nets can be installed to remove droppings, dirt, moisture. It is better not to keep small turkeys on the floor, so that they are not trampled, and so that they do not choke on sawdust... Birds are divided into groups by breeds, ages, families with high partitions. It is necessary to observe the population density per 1 square meter - no more than 3-5 heads, depending on the size.

Only light and medium crosses of turkeys can be kept in the cages.

Important. Experienced breeders recommend combining several directions in order to maximize the efficiency of the farm.

All types can be implemented at different scales.

The nuances of breeding turkeys

Whether or not it will be profitable to breed turkeys depends on the comfort of the conditions created for them. With proper care and timely vaccinations, young animals are less likely to get sick, have immunity to infections, ripen faster, and the taste of meat improves.

Factors important for the healthy growth of chicks include:

• ambient air temperature and composition;
• population density, size of habitat;
• type of food;
• genetic purity;
• prevention of diseases to which there is a natural predisposition.

With proper care and maintenance, turkey poults do not get sick and grow well.

It is worthwhile to study the symptoms and treatment of these pathologies before buying, to find out the vaccinations made and necessary by age.

Contagious diseases

It is especially important to prevent infections and parasitic infestations. They can affect all livestock and lead to disastrous consequences. These problems include tuberculosis, mycoplasmosis, worms, histomoniasis, and smallpox.

Non-communicable diseases

In cases of improper feeding and congenital abnormalities, vitamin deficiencies and goiter most often occur. These pathologies are not dangerous for the pack, but they bring inconvenience to a particular baby.

Due to improper feeding, turkey poults can suffer from vitamin deficiency.

Minimum requirements for enclosures

Healthy livestock can only be raised in a warm enclosure. The temperature in the first days is about 36-37C, as it grows, it gradually drops to 27C. For heating, burners of 3-5 kW are placed at a height of 70-90 cm. There are 2 feeders and 2-3 drinkers for 50 heads.

Buying livestock

The farmer can purchase eggs for incubation, young or adult layers. The easiest way to start is with chicks of 30 days of age - such turkeys are as hardy as possible, strong, capable of adapting to a new place, and eating regular food.

In the version with eggs, an incubator, time for hatching, and special feeding of newborns are required. In addition, not all eggs will give birth, much less a healthy one. The condition of the young is immediately visible, and this way saves time and money.

It is better to buy turkey poults from one day to 30 days old.

It is recommended to buy chicks with the onset of February. You need to pay attention to the health of the parents, vaccinations, appearance. It is advisable to take young animals of different litters to ensure better survival.

Breed selection

Light to medium crosses are best for beginners. Heavier species eat more and are harder to care for. Turkeys weighing up to 12 kg are less whimsical, have higher survival rates. Heavyweights are the realm of experienced poultry farmers and can be started as the business grows.

Some of the best crosses for beginner breeders include:

• wide-breasted bronze - suitable for cage keeping, weight - 9-11 kg, egg production - 120 pieces;
• North Caucasian bronze - they are taken on pastures, weight - 7-12 kg, egg production - 80 pieces.

For beginner farmers, it is better to choose a light or medium cross.

The popular breeds Hybrid Converter, Big 6, Universal, white broad-breasted should be approached from at least 2 years of work with turkeys.

Bird keeping

As noted earlier, you can only succeed in the turkey business with the right content. The growing of the first weeks can occur naturally or incubation, but then it is necessary to transfer the birds to general conditions.

After 4-6 weeks (depending on the breed), individuals need about 20-22C of heat. On colder days, the heaters are turned on. No more than 5 heads live on 1 sq. M. Juveniles are never mixed with sexually mature turkeys. Drinking bowls and feeders are required in the proportions of 2-3 pieces for 20 heads.

When grazing outdoors, a fence is made at least 2.5 m high (turkeys fly), and fortifications are placed on the ground against wild animals. Humidity above 25% is not allowed. For layers, nests are made on boards with sills 20 cm from the floor.

For 1 sq.m. they settle no more than 5 heads of young animals.

The best option is considered to be a combination of cages for young animals, a covered aviary for adults, a corner for laying hens and an outdoor paddock.

Proper feeding of turkeys

An optimal turkey menu includes:

• In the morning - PK-5 compound feed with herbs;
• For lunch - a wet mash of corn, barley, bran, fish offal, boiled carrots and herbs. Dry yeast, minerals, salt, and sometimes cottage cheese are added. When grazing, the birds feed themselves on pasture;
• In the evening - dry grain with grass and berries. You can mix feed.

When feeding, it is better to give preference to ready-made complete feed.

Important. Corn and other starchy foods are given only after heat treatment.

Youngsters at the beginning of life are fed boiled eggs, greens, cottage cheese, and feed is gradually introduced. Grains and vegetables - from 3 weeks.

Enterprise planning

A business plan is an important part of any business deal. All expenses and incomes are entered into it to calculate the profitability.

When breeding turkeys, planning includes taking into account factors:

• Buying eggs or specimens.
• Purchase of a plot (if it was not there).
• Construction of the premises (if not).
• Arrangement of the internal space of the poultry house, inventory.
• Feed costs.

All costs associated with the purchase of poultry and equipment are included in the business plan.

Assumptions about the sales market are made, the payback is calculated. Optimally, the costs should not exceed the total income.

Expense, income, profitability

The minimum costs of a turkey business in the presence of a common room are about 40 thousand rubles:

• 3-6 thousand - cages or open-air cages for young animals;
• 10-12 thousand - purchase of 4 adult layers and 1 turkey;
• About 4 thousand - feeding chicks up to 3 weeks;
• 15 thousand - feed for half a year for 30-40 adult heads.

If eggs are bought, then the cost of 40 rubles per piece is taken into account. Young animals are sold for an average of 300-500 rubles per individual.

The average cost of an incubation turkey egg is 40-60 rubles.

When selling eggs, income is at least 3-5 thousand rubles from the amount (some are left for growing). A kilo of meat costs from 200 to 400 rubles, depending on the breed and area (they sell the second annual droppings, slaughter at 6 months). Young animals are sent on sale from 3 weeks of life (first litter).

Thus, even minimal investments and sales will give a profit of at least 10 thousand in 1 or 2 years with self-service of the farm.

Important. The slaughterhouse will increase the demand for processed poultry. The presence of this brings profitability closer to 98%, regardless of the size of the farm.

What kind of staff is needed

The business may require accompanying personnel: veterinarians, drivers for transporting purchases and delivering goods to customers, bird care assistants.

For a large population, a full-time veterinarian is required.

When expanding the business, spending this column will cost at least 30 thousand rubles.

Capital investments

Capital investments are considered paperwork, purchase of livestock, arrangement of the main poultry house, incubator, and related equipment. For 100 birds, investments will amount to at least 126 thousand rubles.

Monthly costs

Spending each month includes feed purchases, utilities, staff salaries and transportation costs. On average, about 70 thousand rubles are produced per 100 heads.

We suggest watching a video that is dedicated to the question: is it possible to get benefits from breeding turkeys and is it worth starting such a business.

Sales of products

It is possible to sell turkey meat by agreement in cafes, restaurants, shops. Also, carcasses are sold to individuals at meat markets or by ad. On a large scale, it is possible to organize the production and sale of minced meat, fillets and semi-finished products.

There are lovers of turkey eggs for food. Young growth and hatching eggs are sold in clubs, by ad, by agreement with the farms.

Breeding turkeys as a business is in great demand today. Many farmers have heard that there is a business related to raising turkeys, and this type of income is becoming more and more popular.The popularity of the business is based on easy bird care, low costs, and there is a strong demand for dietary meat. But in order to understand whether such a business is profitable or not, you need to thoroughly calculate everything. Breeding turkeys as a business must be organized properly. In addition, the better your knowledge, the healthier your charges will be, and the productivity and profitability of your activity also depends on it.

Benefits of breeding turkeys

Turkeys as a business require careful selection of the breed to breed. Not all bird species are suitable for meat production, for example. You also need to decide on the purpose of the business, perhaps you will grow individuals and sell them to breeders, then you need to choose the most beautiful and undemanding breeds. Some novice breeders acquire versatile breeds that quickly gain weight and boast of their unpretentiousness. Before purchasing a livestock, you should carefully read all the characteristics, watch photos and videos.

Business planning

The turkey business begins with an idea of ​​what result you need and which paths you decide to go in order to achieve your goals. First, decide why you need to grow turkeys as a business and what product do you want to make money with? This can be meat, hatching eggs, young animals or adults. The choice of inventory and the actual breed of bird itself depends on this choice.

After the type of sale and the breed of poultry are determined, it is necessary to figure out in what form you will keep your birds, and in what quantity, also study in more detail all the nuances of caring for turkeys.

To plan your business correctly, you need to find out about prices at the moment and how your costs may increase, say, in a year. It is necessary to draw up a cost plan, calculate profitability, organize construction work and equip rooms for turkeys. The last stage of creating a business is the disinfection of the future habitat of birds, the purchase and settlement of turkeys. The final thing you definitely need to do is register your business with the relevant authorities.

How to choose a business direction?

The turkey business and its plan at home, as well as the choice of direction, first of all, begins with the characteristics of a certain type of turkey (it is difficult for novice farmers to guess about this). Find out all the information about the type of turkeys you want to breed, read the information about what diseases they are prone to, what is the optimal scale of the territory for their safe living, what climate is necessary for them.

After the information is received and studied, the type of cultivation is determined. You can choose a combined type of business, when half of the individuals are raised for meat, the other half for sale. You can also grow versatile breeds and sell what is currently required by the buyer. When you are firmly established in the turkey market, you can raise the price and set your own terms.

Livestock acquisition

For future business and earnings, the farmer can purchase eggs for the incubator, young individuals or adult layers. It is best to buy chicks that are 30 days old, it is at this age that the birds are hardy, strong and easily adapt to new conditions for them, they eat ordinary food. If you decide to buy eggs, then you need an incubator and time, since the chicks will not hatch right away, take care of special nutrition for newborn turkeys.

It is worth noting that some eggs may be without a chick, and there is also the likelihood of giving birth to sick turkeys. By purchasing young individuals, you immediately see their condition, which will clearly save your time and money. The best time to buy is February.Pay close attention to chick parents, learn about vaccinations, and see what a turkey looks like. For better bird survival, it is recommended to buy young stock of different litters.

How to choose a breed?

Light turkey breeds are easier to handle

If you are new to this business, it is best to buy light or medium breeds of turkeys. As for heavy crosses, they require different care and consume a lot of feed. Birds weighing less than 12 kg are easier to handle and their survival rates are much higher.

There are several types of turkeys that are considered the best for beginners.

• North Caucasian bronze. An excellent type of turkeys for pasture, their weight is 7-12 kg, 80 eggs are incubated.
• Bronze broad-breasted. A turkey for growing in cages, its weight is 9-11 kg, and the egg production reaches up to 120 pieces.
• In addition to these two breeds, there are also: Hybrid Converter, Universal, Big 6, white broad-breasted, but it is better to start them after working with turkeys, at least for 2 years.

How to grow turkeys

Cellular

For this type of cultivation, special tiered cells are placed indoors. This type of cultivation is optimal for light and medium types of turkeys at home. There must be ventilation, good lighting and heating in the house. In properly equipped cages, individuals grow at an active pace. Also, in this way, young stock are well raised for pedigree sale and the place is used wisely.

Often in such conditions, artificial insemination of turkeys is carried out in order to obtain hatching eggs. It is not recommended to keep one livestock of turkeys in cages for a long time, as the birds become more susceptible to diseases, and their appearance is poor. Caged birds are well suited for quick slaughter or for sale at a young age.

Extensive

This type of turkey raising in the home is most suitable for farmers living in the southern regions, if raising birds extensively in cold areas can be difficult. Whether this is beneficial or not will ultimately depend on the particular breed. This type of cultivation requires a poultry house and the adjacent pasture area, which must be protected from precipitation and heat.

Birds that have reached 2 months of age begin to be released for walking almost constantly, and this continues until the very slaughter. Turkeys feed on grass and insects themselves, which is excellent and positively reflected in the costs of the farmer. An extensive method of raising birds is well reflected in their immunity, such birds are less susceptible to diseases, and the percentage of marriage is reduced to a minimum. But, it is worth noting that this type of cultivation is suitable for those farmers who are ready to receive income only during the season. In these conditions, you can grow any breed of turkeys.

Floor

Outdoor turkey farming is recommended for all types of turkeys, and especially for heavyweights. In this case, it is not even worth thinking whether it is profitable or not, since the outdoor method of keeping requires the least costs. To raise birds with the floor method, you need to prepare a large room with light, good ventilation and heating. The floor should be 30 cm above the ground and should be insulated and covered with hay and softwood sawdust. Gaps in the floor can be repaired or nets installed so that all droppings, dirt and moisture do not linger on the floor surface.

Do not leave young animals on the bare floor, as small individuals can be trampled by older ones and there is also a possibility that the turkeys will choke on sawdust scattered on the floor. During outdoor rearing, turkeys must be divided by breed, by age. Use high baffles to keep the turkeys from flying away.These birds have wings and can fly over a small fence or fence. Remember that birds need plenty of room, so make sure there are no more than 3-5 turkeys per square meter, depending on their size.

Experienced turkey breeders recommend raising turkey poults in several ways at once, this will lead to maximum farm efficiency and profit for the business.

Features of breeding turkeys

Think carefully about the conditions of detention

Whether a turkey farm is profitable for you depends on how carefully you take care of the living conditions of the turkeys. If you properly care for, vaccinate young individuals and follow certain feeding rules, then the likelihood that the birds will get sick decreases, and the taste of the meat in such turkeys is much better. It is best to make the room right away with the possibility of heating. In regions with cold winters, turkeys can freeze in an unheated room. When crossing with different breeds, you need to consider the possible consequences, especially if you are just a novice breeder, it is recommended to start by breeding one breed.

In order for chicks to grow healthy and strong, it is necessary to pay due attention to the following factors

• Temperature and air.
• Food.
• The size of the habitat, population density.
• Genetic purity.

Prevention of possible diseases in turkeys

Some breeds of turkeys are prone to various diseases, which you need to know about before buying turkeys. Learn about the symptoms of diseases and all the treatments. In the initial stages of treatment, most diseases can be easily cured without much cost to you and harm to the bird. Even if the turkeys are not worried about anything, then they should be shown to the veterinarian for a preventive examination once every 6-12 months. From birth, do not save money and give the necessary vaccinations. If various diseases of turkeys occur, they should be transferred to a separate pen until the disease is completely cured.

Infectious diseases of turkeys

Infectious and parasitic diseases are dangerous for all turkeys, are transmitted quickly and lead to a negative result.

• Tuberculosis
• Worms
• Smallpox
• Histomoniasis
• Mycoplasmosis

Non-communicable diseases include

• Avitaminosis
• Goiter

Such diseases most often arise due to improper nutrition of birds, or according to the principle of some kind of genetic predisposition. These types of diseases are not dangerous to other birds.

House requirements

Adequate conditions are necessary to raise healthy and strong livestock, and one of them is warmth. In the poultry house where turkeys will be raised on the first day, it should be 36-37 degrees Celsius, then the temperature is reduced to 27 degrees. To heat the aviary, use burners (3-5 kW) and install them at a height of 70-90 cm. There must be several feeders and drinkers in the aviary, for example, if there are 50 birds, then they need to put 2 feeders and 2-3 drinkers.

It is possible to grow turkey poults in the first weeks naturally or with the help of an incubator, but after that, the birds must be transferred to the general habitat conditions. After 4-6 weeks from birth, birds need 20-22 degrees of heat in the room. You can accommodate 5 birds per 1 m2, no more. It is not necessary to settle young individuals with mature ones. Drinking bowls and feeders (20 birds - 2-3 pcs.).

Business plan

It is important to draw up your business plan

Developing your own business plan is a must and important thing. This plan includes expenses and incomes, so that you can calculate the profitability of your own business.

To breed turkeys, you need to consider the following factors

• Purchase of birds (or eggs).
• Acquisition of a poultry breeding area.
• Building a poultry house.
• Arrangement of space for birds.
• Food costs.

Due to the fact that you have a plan, calculations of the return on business are carried out, assumptions about the sales market are indicated. Estimated expense, income and profitability of a turkey breeding business. The smallest amount that can be spent by you for this business, taking into account the fact that you have the premises, is 40 thousand rubles.

This amount includes

• The cost of the equipment is 3,000 - 6,000 rubles.
• Purchase of 4 adult turkeys and 1 turkey -10,000 - 12,000 rubles.
• The food ration up to the age of 20 days is approximately 4,000 rubles.
• Food for 6 months for 30-40 adult birds - 15,000 rubles.

If it is decided to purchase eggs, then it is necessary to count 40 rubles for 1 egg, the cost of young individuals is 300 - 500 rubles. Selling eggs will bring you 3,000 - 5,000 rubles, depending on the number of eggs (they keep a few eggs for themselves for growing). 1 kg of meat - 200 - 400 rubles, depending on the breed and area. The second annual droppings are suitable for sale, slaughter occurs when they reach 6 months of age. Young animals can be sold from 3 weeks of age.

Possible costs

• Veterinarians.
• Drivers.
• Turkey care assistants.
• Purchase of feed.
• Communal payments.
• Salary for the staff working for you.
• Transportation costs.

The average monthly cost is 70,000 rubles per 100 animals.

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Sales of products

The main criterion is the sale of products. The fact is that at the initial stage, many farmers may have difficulties, since at first it is not easy to find a point of sale for finished products. You need to prove yourself, it is possible to reduce prices, to make them less than those of competitors. This is necessary in order to draw attention to you. To sell your products, you need to have connections with cafes, restaurants and shops. Carcasses can also be sold to individuals working in meat markets, or sold by ad. For large-scale production, you can sell various semi-finished products, minced meat and fillets.

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Reviews and comments

Russian poultry farming is flourishing. Breeding chickens, geese, ducks is now really appropriate, and it is especially promising to deal with turkeys. Today we will consider breeding turkeys as a business: is it profitable or not, reviews of experienced entrepreneurs in this area, financial calculations of the project's profitability and various tips for running a turkey farm.

What is this business?

At the moment, breeding turkeys as a business may well be perceived as an extremely promising business idea. This direction differs from others in that it does not yet have high competition in the market in Russia, although it is rather highly popular in other countries, especially in the United States.

What is noteworthy, this business can be much more profitable than raising chickens, due to the rapid growth of the turkey and the rapid gaining of a lot of weight by it. Therefore, it is really important to arouse the demand among the people for these products, and this is not difficult to do.

Turkey meat can be served as an excellent substitute for chicken also because it is a dietary product, while it contains many useful elements such as protein and iron. In addition, like any meat, turkey meat is relevant at absolutely any time of the year, week, day.

Of course, this business project will require some investment at the start, but a competent strategy will make it possible to earn really big money, besides, our costs are much lower than in America.

Which format should you choose?

A beginning entrepreneur should first decide on the format of his project.The turkey business has several options for breeding poultry. What they depend on and what they assume is worth considering in detail:

1. Extensive - ideal for breeding in the southern regions of the country. It is an area with a poultry house and pasture, with a separate area from rain and sun. With this option, the bird is on the street two months before slaughter for meat directly, feeding exclusively on grass and insects, which allows not to spend money on feed. Livestock in this case develops immunity to disease. Minus - this method is seasonal (during the warm season).
2. Cellular - in this case, turkeys are raised specifically in cages, moreover, lined up in several tiers. In such conditions, exceptionally light and medium crosses can be kept. The cage method is perfect for raising females for slaughter, and it is quite easy to breed young animals for sale in this way. Many farmers also try to combine this option with artificial insemination, which allows them to get much more eggs. It is worth noting that it is not worth keeping individuals in cages for a long time, this will ruin all the livestock. This method is needed for quick slaughter or sale.
3. Outdoor - as opposed to extensive, this method is used most often in cold regions as the most profitable. In this case, the maintenance of heavy cross turkeys is carried out, although other breeds can also be bred in this way. The outdoor method assumes the presence of a fairly spacious room insulated with sawdust with communications and heating. Usually, farmers hesitate to keep young animals on the floor so that adults do not trample them. In addition, all birds will need to be split into sections by breed, age and family.

Great advice for beginners from experienced farmers, it is worth using each of the above methods in breeding, however, skillfully. This will help you promote your business as efficiently as possible.

Which breed should you choose?

When making a business plan, decide what is more important to you. Breeding turkeys requires the purchase of three types of crosses: light, medium and heavy. Heavy turkeys eat more and take more energy in terms of grooming, but they will also be able to take much more meat from them.

Beginners are advised to engage in rather light and medium breeds due to the ease of their care, moreover, they are less susceptible to diseases. A budding entrepreneur should focus on the following breeds of turkeys:

• bronze or white broad-breasted;
• North Caucasian;
• station wagon;
• big-6.

Many of them have an increased level of egg carrying (80-120 eggs), as well as a large body weight. Pay attention to the seller's recommendations: which breed is suitable for cage keeping, and which is for outdoor.

How to buy a livestock correctly?

In order to breed turkeys, you should first learn how to choose them correctly. As in other poultry areas, here the farmer buys eggs, young or already an adult laying hen, and the older the individual, the more it costs. For beginners, the best place to start is by purchasing one month old young.

Such a turkey is already hardy and healthy enough to change habitat, and can also already consume standard feed. Eggs are unprofitable, as they require additional purchase of incubators, and also spend a lot of time on hatching and money on special feed.

With eggs, it is more difficult to decide which of them will be able to give birth and bring a healthy individual, while young animals allow you to assess at least the external characteristics of turkeys. By the way, it is worth buying young animals for business in early February, so that they have time to grow by the time natural food appears on the street.

Be sure to read the supplier's reviews before buying, as well as find out more information about the parents and the vaccinations of the purchased livestock.

How is care and feeding carried out?

To properly organize your turkey business, you will have to learn how to care for them. Some write that caring for this bird is quite laborious, but learning how to do it is actually not so difficult.

First of all, it's worth dealing with feed. If you are able to additionally plant oats, wheat and various legumes at home, then the cost of purchasing feed will be significantly reduced. You will only need to buy additional chalk and vitamins.

It is extremely important to follow a certain diet of the bird, including all the necessary foods in the diet. This will have a positive effect on breeding: turkeys will produce more healthy eggs, individuals will gain the required weight faster, and the meat will become much tastier.

Do not forget that good nutrition enhances immunity and disease resistance. To do this, it is worth giving more vitamin E to young animals and poultry preparing for slaughter. It is also worth remembering the following rules for keeping poultry:

1. Protect livestock from moisture and drafts.
2. Try to change the litter on the floor regularly.
3. Monitor the filling and serviceability of the feeders and drinkers.
4. Prevent droppings from getting into drinkers and feeders.
5. Try to completely eliminate poor-quality feed from the bird's diet.
6. Separate juveniles and adults in sections.
7. Provide fencing to keep birds out of contact with wild animals.
8. If possible, eliminate all stress on the bird.

The importance of clear planning of running a farm cannot be ruled out here, if in time to change places in the pasture area of ​​the walking area, feed and unoccupied, then you can reduce the cost of feeding and increase the yield of products.

What kind of staff will be required for the project?

When writing out a business plan for breeding, do not forget about having your own staff. Naturally, you will not need so many people, but you absolutely cannot do without additional hands and specialists. Specifically, a turkey farm requires the following list of employees:

• two livestock care workers;
• a driver transporting carcasses or young animals;
• avian veterinarian;
• marketer, he is also a customer search manager.

Of course, even for the vacancies of bird watchers, it is better to hire already experienced people who do not have to be taught the basics. In medical terms, the project does need a qualified specialist who has the ability to give official papers on the health of the bird. It is worth concluding an agreement with the clinic and calling a specialist one-time to pay him for each examination and vaccination separately.

Here you can download a turkey farming business plan for free to use as an example for your own.

What is the profitability of the project?

Considering turkey breeding as a business, it remains only to calculate whether it is profitable or not. To do this, take as a sample a 100-head turkey farm built from scratch by a beginner:

	Expense line	Cost amount, thousand rubles
1	Initial lease for two months	20
2	Building of a poultry house and its repair	100
3	Purchase of the first livestock	50
4	Utilities	10
5	Paperwork	5
6	Salary of all staff	35
7	Purchase of additional feed	15
8	Purchase of additional inventory	10
9	Marketing campaign and market search	2
10	Transport costs	35
11	Unexpected expenses	10
	Total:

A fairly small amount of start-up capital is covered by the fact that farmers do not receive profit every month. The cost of a grown young turkey for sale is approximately 300-500 rubles, one egg on the market can be sold for 40 rubles.

If you sell meat, then a kilogram of turkey meat has a fairly wide range from 200 to 400 rubles, depending on the characteristics of the turkey. Thus, the income for the year is approximately 400 thousand rubles, which makes a net profit of 100 thousand rubles.

Video: turkey breeding as a business in the countryside.

Reviews

“I opened my turkey farm relatively recently, about three years ago, and it is still my pleasant additional way of earning money. I will not lie, you will not get big money here, but this is a matter of time, with expansion into large markets and the opening of industrial production, you can start making good money. And for the village people, this is generally the best way to earn money: to raise their own meat livestock and quietly sell either the chick or the meat. The money is good for the village ”- Roman.

“Guys, what can I tell you: keep your gardeners away from the turkey! This bird too wants to peck your green onions, tomato seeds and other garden "joys". Turkeys need a lot of greens, do not forget. By the way, occasionally you can feed them with boiled potatoes and bread crumbs - they eat them like cute ones. We even tried cottage cheese, but we will not give such advice on growing, perhaps this is wrong. The main thing is to let the bird roam and eat herbs ”- Anastasia.

“If you have long wanted to do something on your own and not work for your bosses, your own farming is not a bad option. My wife and I were lucky: we live in a private house and have a fairly spacious, not even a plot, but a whole field behind the house. We read about turkeys and decided that the field should be used. To be honest, breeding turkeys seems to be the most optimal choice for poultry and farming in general. Of course, we run around with birds as little ones, but every month it is easier to understand, so we will certainly continue in the next season ”- Samvel.

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