What to grow in an unheated greenhouse all year round?

Growing vegetables in a greenhouse - simple and effective way provide your family with valuable and healthy products. Most of the farm owners uses greenhouses and greenhouses in the spring-autumn period, extending the harvest until frost.

However, an insulated shelter equipped in accordance with all the rules helps to pick fresh vegetables even in winterwhen vitamins are especially needed. The greenhouse will allow you to earn money on growing vegetables in the cold season, when the demand for them is especially high. How to grow vegetables in a greenhouse in winter, we will consider below.

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Greenhouse requirements

How to equip a greenhouse for growing vegetables in winter? When constructing a year-round greenhouse, it is important to meet all the conditions for successful plant growth: ensuring the required temperature and humidity, the amount of sunlight, the possibility of airing. At the same time, it is necessary to calculate the costs of heating and lighting the greenhouse so that they do not block the benefits of winter vegetables.

Year-round greenhouse must have a solid foundation... To provide the required height for the plants, the structure can be slightly deepened. This little trick will help you save on heating costs and not lose the natural light you need.

It is best to grow vegetables in a medium-sized greenhouse, up to 20 m long and 2.5-3 m wide... The optimal roof structure is pitched. The north wall can be laid out with cinder blocks or wooden beams, protecting the plants from the winter wind. The greenhouse should have a vestibule and double doors. Comfortable air vents.

Most often, capital greenhouses are made on a welded frame with an anti-corrosion coating. Such a foundation will stand for many years, the greenhouse will be strong and reliable. As a coating, you can use dense polyethylene or tempered industrial glass. But the most expensive and high quality material - cellular polycarbonate. It transmits light well and retains heat even in the most severe frosts.

For heating, pipes on both sides of the greenhouse are suitable. The heat source will be an electric boiler. It is possible to heat the structure with modern wood-burning stoves that save fuel.

Increasing the temperature inside the greenhouse will help biofuel - rotted manuremixed with straw. The mixture is laid out under the top layer of soil. Biofuel is suitable for growing cucumbers, radishes and other crops that are particularly heat-demanding.

Selection of vegetables

In a winter greenhouse can grow all kinds of crops, from popular tomatoes to cabbage lettuce and herbs. Among the most popular and fruitful vegetables:

• cucumbers;
• tomatoes;
• radish;
• head salad;
• eggplant;
• Bell pepper;
• various varieties of cabbage;
• zucchini.

It should be borne in mind that crops have different requirements for humidity and temperature, so they need to be placed in separate greenhouses. For example, tomatoes and bell peppers require moderate moisture (no more than 60%) and frequent ventilation. Such a regime is destructive for cucumbers, which need a humid and hot atmosphere.

In the cold season, the greenhouse effect with high humidity is easier to maintain.

Therefore, many novice gardeners focus on popular and productive crops that need just this mode: cucumbers and radishes.

Choosing varieties, it is worth giving preference to hybridscultivated specifically for indoor use. These plants have a shortened growing season and do not require insect pollination. Most greenhouse varieties have good yields and pest resistance.

Seedling preparation

Some gardeners buy grown seedlings at markets and other farms. But grow your own seedlings from seed much more profitable... In addition, the process can be started at any time to ensure a year-round harvest.

It is better to grow seedlings in a separate greenhouse or in a house. Seed germination conditions are different from those to which adult plants exist. In some cases, a lower temperature or higher humidity is required. In one greenhouse, you can place seedlings of different crops with similar requirements for agricultural technology.

If there is no opportunity to organize a greenhouse for seedlings, the seeds can be germinated on a separate rack in a common room located as close to the lamps as possible. The seeds can be germinated in peat cups, but this method is not suitable for eggplants and other crops with a weak root system. For year-round cultivation, the conveyor method is recommended.

Seeds are sown every 2 weeks, which makes it possible to get seedlings of different ages. If different crops are planted, after a year it is recommended to alternate them... Eggplant seedlings are planted in the places occupied by tomatoes, and cucumbers are replaced with radishes or zucchini.

This technique does not allow the soil to deplete. The first sowing can be started in January. Depending on the growing season of a particular plant, the seedlings will ready for transplant in 3-5 weeks after sowing seeds.

Soil and fertilizers

How to grow vegetables in a greenhouse all year round? Vegetables need light, not too acidic soils. For most crops, a mixture of garden soil, sand and peat is suitable.

Before laying in the greenhouse the soil needs to be calcined or disinfected using an aqueous solution of copper sulfate. Such treatment kills harmful microorganisms and insect larvae.

After processing, ash or a complex of mineral fertilizers can be added to the soil. The mixture is thoroughly loosened and distributed over the ridges. In the greenhouse, you can organize both ground and rack cultivation. The racks are suitable for radishes, head lettuce and other small crops. Some vegetable growers successfully grow tomatoes and zucchini on shelves.

Indoor ground is quickly depleted, so the plants in the greenhouse need to be constantly fertilized. Rotted compost or complex mineral fertilizers are added to the soil. This treatment is repeated every 2 weeks; before fertilizing, the soil must be loosened and weeds removed. During the period of active growth of seedlings, special attention should be paid to nitrogen fertilization, from time to time the plants can nourish with medicinal preparations.

Care features

In winter, you need to maintain an average daily temperature of 18 to 22 degrees. Overheating has a bad effect on tomatoes, eggplants and bell peppers, and a cold snap can have a detrimental effect on radishes and cucumbers. On frosty days, greenhouses are not ventilated, when the outside temperature rises, the vents need to be opened 1-2 times a day.

Vegetables in the greenhouse watered 2-3 times a weekwhen the soil dries up a little. It is advisable to use water at the same temperature as the air in the greenhouse. Cold water can cause shock and slow plant development.

As they grow, the stems of the plants must be tied up. Cucumbers need special supports to be mounted on the roof of the greenhouse. With their help, the stems of plants can be directed in the right direction, which is especially convenient for rack cultivation.

With the onset of fruit formation it is recommended to remove the lower leaves on the stems. Excessive green mass interferes with fruit development. In addition, this technique will improve air exchange and access to sunlight, plants will not be affected by pests and fungi.

In the greenhouse it is important to maintain the atmospherefavorable for plants. The humidity level will help increase watering of heating pipes and floor with water, as well as placing open tanks in the room. For the successful ripening of tomatoes in the greenhouse, you can put tanks with an aqueous solution of mullein. Good increase moisture and hot water barrels, moreover, they additionally heat the room.

With conveyor cultivation, harvesting takes place all year round. In early summer and late autumn, preventive treatment of premises with partial replacement of soil and thorough washing of all surfaces is recommended. After airing and fertilizing, a new stage of planting begins.

Success growing vegetables in a greenhouse in winter, depends on the region... The most profitable option is to use greenhouses in temperate and climates. Regions with short summers and long frosty in winter will require high heating costs.

In such an area, it is more advisable to extend the summer period until the end of October and practice early planting in heated soil. Using correctly selected varieties of vegetable crops, you can achieve a good harvest.

Simple innovations in the design of greenhouses for growing vegetables all year round, in the video below:

The first step in the business of growing vegetables in the cold season is the construction of a winter greenhouse. The desire of an increasing number of people to eat only organic products will allow your business to grow and bring reliable profits.

Variety of greenhouses

Every resident of rural areas or summer cottages asks the question of making a profit from growing agricultural products. One of the interesting solutions to this problem is the construction of a winter greenhouse. It is good to grow seedlings (vegetable and flower), berries, root cuttings or transplant perennials from the garden in it. The result of labor will depend only on your skills and efforts, and not on the properties of the soil, or the vagaries of the weather.

The modern market offers a wide variety of types and forms of greenhouses, so it is difficult for a novice gardener to understand where to start construction. What design will be convenient for growing different types of vegetables or greens? What should be its area required to collect the planned amount of harvest? Which roof shape should you choose? Etc.

To find the right answers to these and other questions, you need to familiarize yourself with the types and features of greenhouses, and also clearly understand for yourself when, what crops and in what quantity you have to grow.

Greenhouses come in different designs:

• wall-mounted;
• arched;
• called "house" and others.

In addition, the temperature inside the structure is considered a distinctive feature: there are unheated greenhouses, greenhouses with partial heating and heated greenhouses. If you are planning to make a small winter garden or a green terrace, then a wall-mounted structure would be the best option. A pitched roof and a common wall with the house will make such construction and heating economical.

You can choose an arched glazed structure - it will be used for the comfortable growth of crops in the warm season, for example, low-growing plants, as well as vegetables and greenery. Its traditional dimensions are 2 * 4 * 3 m, but it is not suitable for growing tall and climbing plants.

Unheated greenhouses are built without additional heating, so in winter they have a low temperature. They are convenient for spring growing tomato seedlings, early vegetables, flower seedlings, rooting cuttings. If you decide to deal with thermophilic plants, then there is no point in considering this option.

IN partially heated greenhouse winter temperature should be at least 5-7 degrees - it can be provided by the operation of an ordinary heating device. This design is convenient for the seasonal cultivation of "greenhouse" plants - cyclamen, azalea - or flower seedlings for flower beds.

If you plan to grow vegetables, berries and greens earlier than weather conditions allow it to be done in the open field, then you need to start building winter heated greenhouse... You need to understand all the differences between such a structure and summer buildings. In it, it is necessary to ensure and regularly maintain a temperature of at least 13 degrees.

A winter greenhouse is a massive structure with heating, lighting and other distinctive features.

Features of the construction of a winter greenhouse

How good it is when there are fresh herbs and vegetables on the table all year round. And when they can be sold at a favorable price, then this is a double pleasure! Many amateur gardeners have long found a way out of the situation when they need to grow vegetables not only in the warm season, but also in severe frosts. This is the construction of winter greenhouses.

The very first thing you need to start construction with is to decide on the range and volume of products to be grown. It is recommended to start it in the fall before the onset of the first frost, having carefully examined the site on which construction will begin.

The work usually begins with calculating the strength of the frame, on which the material of your choice will be stretched, and the selection of everything else necessary for construction. The frame must be hardy, as it will receive a large amount of precipitation in the form of snow and rain. The most environmentally friendly material is wood. It is reliable, durable, and the construction of such a greenhouse will not be difficult. The disadvantage is that such a design will go out of service in 10-15 years. A polycarbonate greenhouse is considered more budgetary, but durable.

The winter greenhouse should be on foundation, consist of a roof and a frame. It is recommended to install the structure in a north-south direction. The foundation must be solid. The reliability of the installation of the entire structure depends on this. To correctly install it, you need to calculate the approximate weight of the planned structure.

The foundation - carcass - is mounted on the dug-in racks, foundation. The edges must be fixed with self-tapping screws. Everyone chooses the materials for the coating at their own discretion. You can use glass, but in this case it will be necessary to protect the plants from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Film is considered a cheap and convenient material, but it can burst under a layer of snow. Polycarbonate is a versatile material. It is reliable, frost and snow resistant, it has a spectacular appearance. It should not be forgotten that there should be a door and a window in the frame from the end.

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To prevent snow from falling asleep in the greenhouse, its shape is streamlined. To regulate the thermal and air conditions, the sealed room must be equipped with a side or top ventilation.

In addition, you must definitely install irrigation system.

In their own way internal structure winter greenhouses are shelving (when plants grow on specially fixed shelves) and ground greenhouses (when they grow in soil). In the first version, shelves made of boards, reinforced concrete or plastic are mounted at a height of up to 80 cm, the passage between them should be at least 70 cm.In the second case, if you plan to grow one type of plants, make beds parallel to the length of the greenhouse. For growing different types of plants, easily removable partitions are installed.

The structure and the soil must be disinfected before use.

How to heat the greenhouse?

A prerequisite for growing crops in a winter greenhouse is regular control over air temperature and light conditions. The required temperature must be maintained with artificial heating.

There are different ways to heat greenhouses:

• widely used biofuel - environmentally friendly product of decay of plant organisms;
• some gardeners prefer heating pipes: water heated in different ways raises the air temperature to the required values;
• you can arrange soil heating in the greenhouse - for this you need to lay heating cables... This is a convenient but expensive process;
• if the area of ​​the building is not very large, you can use solid fuel heating cauldron... The boiler can be in the greenhouse itself or in the house. At the same time, heat transfer will not always meet your expectations, and twice a day you will need to bookmark firewood;
• air heating - the simplest and at the same time the most difficult way to heat a polycarbonate greenhouse. A steel pipe is laid along the entire length of the room. One end of it faces the street, and a fire should always be lit under it. Warm heated air, entering the greenhouse through the pipe, heats it. This is a very laborious task, you must constantly monitor the fire, otherwise the plants will die;
• finally, very popular today, despite the high cost, electric heating system... Increasingly, infrared heaters are used, which simultaneously provide lighting for the structure.

With any heating system, you need to ensure that in the event of severe frosts, timely insulate the doors and tightly close the vents.

What to grow in a greenhouse in winter?

Now let's look at the difficult question: what can be grown in a greenhouse in winter? The selection of species and varieties of cultivated plants should be approached thoughtfully. It is necessary to study the biorhythms of plants (onions are not grown in a winter greenhouse, since they are dormant in winter), otherwise the process will be unprofitable.

In January, seedlings of vegetable crops (cucumbers, tomatoes), onions (only varieties that do not have a dormant period), as well as any root vegetables, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, etc. are grown in a winter greenhouse. The latter of those mentioned play the role of a sealant together with cucumbers or tomatoes. Scattered, they ripen much earlier than the main vegetables.

Considering the cost of heating the greenhouse in winter, its area should be used sparingly.

How to grow vegetables in a greenhouse in winter?

For growing tomatoes in a winter greenhouse, seedlings are taken from late September to early November. The optimum air temperature for growing tomatoes is 22-25 C. In order to save space, they usually fill not only horizontal beds with them, but also a vertical volume around the perimeter.

When choosing varieties of cucumbers, insect pollinated varieties should be excluded and self-pollinated and hybrid varieties should be given preference. It is also recommended to prefer vertical varieties. In January, sprouted cucumber seeds are planted in pots set in boxes with evenly moistened soil. After they have ascended, at a temperature of about 23 C, you need to gradually reduce it. For a week, it is necessary to reduce it to 15-18 C at a mandatory soil temperature of at least 22 C.

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For growing peppers and tomatoes in this phase, 10-15 degrees will be enough. When the tomatoes are in the cotyledon phase, they are dived into special pots filled with nutritious soil. It must be remembered that tomatoes and cucumbers do not like neighborhoods, so it is undesirable to grow them nearby.

Lettuce, like Chinese cabbage, is best grown in a winter greenhouse until a half-cabbage is formed. For this, the seeds are sown no earlier than at the end of January. When the height of the half-cabbage is 8 -10 cm, their first selective harvesting is possible. From 1 sq.m. manages to get about 5-6 kg. But do not chase a wide assortment - Dutch greenhouses, for example, advise growing only one crop.

Where to sell your products?

One of the most important issues of concern to entrepreneurs taking their first steps in small business is the issue of logistics and product sales.

In addition to the benefits brought to the owner by the abundance of vitamins to the table in winter, it should please with financial receipts to the budget. Therefore, before starting construction, it is recommended to get acquainted with the administration of retail outlets within the limits of possible export of products, discuss with them supply options, sales volume and the likelihood of similar goods arriving. It is necessary to negotiate the price of the products (you need to take into account the fact that the store will sell the goods with a markup) and find a golden mean with distance (otherwise all the profit will go away as transportation costs).

If it is planned to sell large volumes of products to resellers, then they prefer long-term storage goods, for example, tomatoes.

It is easier to sell parsley, lettuce, radish, strawberries through retail, and popular seedlings in April-May.

The further from possible points the greenhouse is located, the more “lying” products should be preferred. This type of business will be doomed to failure in advance if you live in the suburbs of a large metropolis or in a very remote taiga area.

Newcomers to this business are advised to choose the easiest way to sell - through a supermarket. If there is someone in the neighborhood who is already doing this, it would be good to know the range of his products - in order to avoid unhealthy competition, it is better to deal with different cultures.

Benefits of the winter greenhouse business

Do you dream of building a greenhouse and getting big profits right away? Every year there are more and more enterprising people who consider plant growing in greenhouse conditions a profitable business.

First you need to understand the intricacies of this business. Products grown in a winter greenhouse will indeed have a high cost. But you need to take into account the peculiarities of the market in the area where you live. Examine supply and demand.

As a rule, demand has a wave-like nature, it differs from season to season or can be timed to coincide with the holidays. There is always a demand for greens, and it grows well, but roses are not popular today, preference is given to exotic varieties of flowers. All this must be remembered when choosing a planting material and calculating the desired return on costs. If the design has perfect insulation, and severe frosts are not afraid of it, then it can function from November to May inclusive. Precisely at a time when the price of market goods is high, and the population does not have their own vegetables.

The construction and maintenance of winter greenhouses requires certain financial investments, so the process is considered profitable only if the cost of the resulting crop is at least 30% higher than the cost of costs.

Start-up capital is required for the construction of a greenhouse. This includes the costs of construction, purchase of seeds, watering, lighting, heating. So, the cost of building a small greenhouse with stove heating will amount to 200 thousand rubles.

Payback in general, it will depend on the profitability and the amount of investments. Usually, over a period of about 2 - 5 seasons, all this pays off, and the profit is 300% - 400%. In any case, the profit will be directly proportional to the price of the product.

In the regions of Russia, which are located from each other in the meridional direction, the price for 1 kg differs by an order of magnitude.For example, during the winter period last year the price for 1 kg of tomatoes in Samara was 100 rubles, and in Norilsk it reached 700-800 rubles.

At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the costs of electricity, seeds, fertilizers, logistics, etc. The larger the area of ​​the structure, the more realistic it is to get a large income. What is more profitable to grow in a greenhouse in winter? According to experienced growers, flowers are the most profitable direction for growing in winter greenhouses; greens are in second place, vegetables in third. By the way, selling lettuce gives 4 times more profit than tomatoes!

The greenhouse business is not easy. This is a very painstaking and time consuming task. But given the main trend of our time - to eat only organic products - your exciting business will be profitable!

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When there is snow and frost outside the window, it is pleasant to be in a warm greenhouse and, taking care of the plants, extend the season of fresh vegetables and fruits for a whole year. Here you can grow greens, flowers, and even berries.

What conditions are needed

For year-round cultivation of any plants in greenhouse conditions, the greenhouse itself must be solid with a good foundation. The coating can be polycarbonate or glass.
Films or nonwovens are not suitable for winter greenhouses. They are very fragile and short-lived. Such heaters are used as additional components.

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

Gas or steam heating can be used as heating elements, making the greenhouse a continuation of the house. Pipes are drawn into it, and a constant temperature is maintained. This is enough to provide plants with a comfortable air temperature of about 20 ° C.

This degree is quite enough for growing greens or mushrooms. For cucumbers and tomatoes to grow, the temperature should be slightly higher - about 25 ° C during the day and 20 ° C at night.

In order to raise the temperature, along with artificial heating, it is rational to use the heat of overheating manure. To do this, in the greenhouse, remove the top layer of soil on the bayonet of a shovel. The next step is to spread horse or cow dung mixed with straw on the ground.

All this must be well spilled with warm water and covered with earth. This procedure can be combined with a change of soil in the greenhouse. Instead of the removed top layer, a new soil mixture is poured. The heat from the manure lasts for two to three months. The procedure is logical to do before the coldest months.

Plants for full growth and development in a greenhouse in winter need:

Good lighting. From October to April, the plants in the greenhouse do not have enough sunlight or natural light. To provide them with a daylight hours of about 14 hours, additional light sources must be installed in the greenhouse. These can be fluorescent lamps or special phytolamps for growing seedlings, which can be purchased at garden centers.

Temperature conditions. The growing temperature for each crop is different, therefore, in one greenhouse only crops can be grown at the same time, which have the same requirements for humidity, illumination and growing temperature. Greens can be combined in one group, spices in the other.

Greens:

• Dill
• Onion
• Salad
• Parsley

Spices:

• Celery
• Basil
• Arugula

Growing greens

Timely watering. An indispensable condition for the development of plants is the supply of water to them. Watering must be timely. When growing in a greenhouse, it is recommended to water any crop with water at room temperature. To do this, you can put a tank or barrel in the greenhouse itself, raising them to a height.

Ordinary water is poured into such a container, which heats up during the day due to the positive temperature in the greenhouse itself.

Watering can be done manually if the area is small. The drip irrigation system, laid along each bed, will significantly save the owner of this winter garden.

Some gardeners and gardeners prefer to communicate with their pets in the greenhouse every morning or evening, while performing manipulations in the form of watering or other procedures.

Air humidity. In addition to soil moisture, the optimum air humidity must be observed. Cucumbers or herbs grow well at at least 85%. For tomatoes, 60% is enough. To maintain this level of humidity in the greenhouse, you can put air humidifiers or simply open containers with water.

Plants are not afraid of small temperature drops if sufficient moisture in the soil and air is maintained.

Taking into account all the necessary requirements, it is not difficult to create comfortable conditions for the plants in the greenhouse. It is worth a little work for this and the answer to your worries will be a wonderful harvest at any time of the year.

What and when to grow in a greenhouse

It is possible to efficiently use the area of ​​a heated greenhouse throughout the year by changing crops.

In the greenhouse, you can grow all year round:

• Onion
• Dill
• Parsley
• Celery
• Basil
• Salad

  Growing onions with lighting

• Watercress
• Seedlings of flowers and vegetables
• Chrysanthemums
• Mushrooms
• Cucumbers
• Tomatoes
• Radish
• Chinese cabbage
• Strawberries

After the presence of greens every day in the summer and spring diet, it is sorely lacking in winter. You can start crop rotation in a greenhouse by sowing green crops. In October, the ambient temperature begins to drop slowly.

At this time, herbs and spices are sown in the greenhouse, and they continue to delight the gardener and his family.

Tomatoes or cucumbers are sown in the greenhouse since February. With this early planting, cucumbers will bear their first fruits in early May, and tomatoes by the end of this spring month. It is in February that the day begins to noticeably increase, and the sun shines brighter. This fact will help to avoid unnecessary expenses for plant lighting.

In summer, the greenhouse can be used to grow large-fruited tomatoes of such varieties that do not have time to ripen in the open field:

• Best Bestos
• Australian
• Alice
• Bear Paw
• Mazarin

Juicy and aromatic, they are in demand even in the summer season.

According to the degree of complexity, crops for cultivation can be divided into several types:

Greenhouse salad

Very simple. Watercress can even be grown on a windowsill in an apartment. This very unpretentious and fast growing plant is ready to harvest two weeks after sowing. The grower can only cut off the juicy greens with scissors.

Salads of different varieties and colors are in great demand in the off-season. Sowing once, you can take up to 4 crops from one plantation. As the leaves grow back, they are simply cut off, leaving the plant in the garden.

Just. The cultivation of onions, parsley and dill has long been carried out year-round. With a large greenhouse area, you can produce greens not only for your family, but also for sale to third-party buyers.

The difficulty in growing these crops is their photophilousness and demanding temperature conditions. For a good harvest of high-quality greenery, additional lighting is needed 12-14 hours a day.

In the absence of proper lighting, the plants stretch and turn yellow. A nuance is that dill must be irrigated daily with room temperature water during cultivation.

Pretty hard. Tomatoes and cucumbers are crops that require special conditions to grow.

It is not recommended to grow them together in the same greenhouse, because their requirements for growth conditions are different:

• Cucumbers do not like drafts and low night temperatures
• Tomatoes, on the other hand, prefer cooler temperatures at night and normal during the day.
• Tomatoes do not grow well in high humidity conditions, unlike cucumbers

The difficulty lies in the fact that each plant must be shaped. This applies to both tomatoes and cucumbers.

Greenhouse-grown peppers

Almost all varieties of tomatoes intended for cultivation in a greenhouse are indeterminate, that is, unlimited in growth. Such a plant can grow into a large tree up to three meters high without forming, pinching and pinching. These procedures are also necessary for the timely ripening of fruits.

Time consuming. In a heated greenhouse, you can successfully grow seedlings of flowers, vegetables or strawberries. This type of greenhouse use requires some costs. After removing the seedlings, a land change is needed. This can be avoided by growing seedlings in cassettes or cups.

The difficulty lies only in the fact that each plant needs attention. It is necessary to observe the growth and development of plants, to feed on time, pinching of flower plants.

If the area permits, then the seedlings can be grown for sale on the market in the spring. After planting seedlings in open ground, the greenhouse is used to grow other plants.

This option is good because all the dirty work with the ground is done outside the dwelling.

Hard. In order for strawberries to bear fruit in a greenhouse all year round, it is necessary to accumulate sufficient experience. This berry is very light-requiring and rather capricious. Most often, strawberries are grown in a greenhouse for spring consumption. In protected ground conditions, it ripens two weeks earlier than its neighbor in the open ground.

Very difficult. Flowers to grow in a greenhouse are taken only by the most advanced gardeners. This is a difficult and time-consuming process. Lack of light, heat or soil fertility will nullify all efforts. In this case, the flower turns out to be frail and pale, the petals become papery. A florist can be let down by the supplier of planting material. Low-quality bulbs or rhizomes will also not lead to the desired result.

The approach to choosing a crop for a greenhouse or multiple crops should be considered. You need to analyze your capabilities. If you lack experience, it is best to start this experiment with lighter crops such as onions, dill and parsley.

Features of growing onions in a greenhouse all year round

Onions are one of the leaders in greenhouse crops. It can be grown in large quantities all year round. A variety of types allows you to expand the range:

• Common onions
• Onion
• Leek
• Chives
• Shallot

Growing strawberries in large quantities

Most often, an ordinary onion is grown on a feather. Due to its low height, it is possible to equip racks with shelves in the greenhouse. Lamps are placed above each landing tank. In this case, the heated and illuminated greenhouse space will be used with maximum benefit.

For planting, seed is taken in the form of small bulbs with a diameter of about 4 cm.

Growing stages:

Soil preparation. Ordinary garden soil is mixed with humus, sand and fertilizers. Earth, humus and sand are taken in a 2: 2: 1 ratio. One square meter of soil mixture requires 30 grams of superphosphate and 30 grams of potassium chloride.

Preparing the bulbs. The acquired planting material is warmed up in water with a temperature of 40 ° C for quick results. Then the neck of each onion is cut off so that the area of ​​the open onion is at least 2 cm in diameter.

Moistening the soil. Before planting, the soil should be well shed with water at room temperature.

Disembarkation. Prepared bulbs are planted to a depth of no more than 4 cm. The cut top of the bulb must be above the soil surface.

Care. The first green shoots will appear in 2-3 days, subject to daily watering. The soil should be moderately moist throughout the growing period.

Drying out or waterlogging will have a bad effect on the quality of the pen.

Harvesting.The harvest begins to be harvested as the leaves grow back. The maximum leaf length should be no more than 20 cm. This occurs 20 days after planting. If the onion is grown for your own consumption, then you can cut it off constantly, without worrying about the uniformity of the greens.

Growing greens in winter

If onions are grown for sale, then after harvesting, all bulbs are removed. The second harvest of onions from the same planting units is not of interest due to poor germination.

For your own needs, the bulbs can be left for later cutting.

There is also a method for growing onions without soil. For this, planting containers with cells and a pallet are used.

An onion is placed in each cell, a nutrient solution based on water and potassium humate is poured into the pan. Further care consists in the timely filling of the container with water and harvesting.

Leeks are now gaining popularity as a flavoring for many dishes. It is grown from seeds that require fertile, loose soil. Ash and humus are introduced into the soil before planting.

Planting care involves:

• Watering
• Top dressing
• Loosening
• Hilling

The latter procedure is indispensable for the formation of a delicate white leg, which is primarily appreciated in this type of onion.

While watching the video, you will learn about growing in a greenhouse.

This variety of onion species and the simplicity of the process have put this crop at the top of the list for year-round cultivation.

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Greenhouses and hotbeds

Unheated greenhouse it is used to grow most vegetables that are capable of producing a good harvest at temperatures of 10 - 21 ° C, and many are even able to withstand lower temperatures. Therefore, you can grow vegetables in such a greenhouse for the main part of the year. And if you live in a warmer region, where the temperature in winter drops to about - 4 ° C, then it is likely that you can grow any plants in warm beds all year round.

In view of the financial capabilities of each person, I would like to note that it is not necessary to build an unheated greenhouse in human growth. In fact, it will be enough for plants if the height of the greenhouse is slightly higher than their own height. In addition, they will be much warmer in it. In addition, the cover will have a simplified appearance as there is no need to double it and, unlike a heated flower greenhouse, a cold vegetable greenhouse requires less light. Most amateur gardeners use the simplest film construction - arched greenhouses covered with polyethylene. But even such greenhouses allow you to grow vegetables almost all year round (depending, of course, on the region).

Alpine greenhouse

Representatives of the alpine flora, which are characterized by a high-altitude climate, need unique living conditions. Due to their natural growing conditions, where the plants are under snow for most of the year, and bloom only during the short summer, they periodically need strong cooling. Accordingly, an alpine greenhouse should be designed in such a way as to give them this opportunity, but, at the same time, should protect from water and snow. The alpine greenhouse often has a glass roof and protects the plants from insects with special nets on the open windows.

alpine greenhouse

Sometimes blinds are installed on the windows, which provide air circulation and protection from rain and snow. Also, for growing plants, such unheated greenhouse can be equipped with racks covered with mesh on top, which will allow air circulation between the pots.

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