Planting garlic in the spring in open ground in the Leningrad region

Garlic is a popular plant for gardeners and gardeners. Planting garlic in the spring is more reasonable because garlic planted in the fall has a very short shelf life. When planting in spring, the harvest may last until next summer. But are there special rules for planting? Where and how best to plant garlic? This article will cover the most important issues related to planting garlic in the spring.

When to plant in spring?

Garlic planted in spring is called spring garlic. Depending on the region, when planting, it is imperative to take into account the climatic features.

Planting work should begin around the end of April or at the beginning of May only after the snow melts, when the soil has already warmed up to plus five degrees. Planting times will vary by region and climatic conditions. For example, when planting garlic in the Moscow region, you will need to wait for the month of April, and in a warm region it will be possible to plant seedlings by the end of March.

General boarding rules

Now let's talk about the main rules for planting a garlic plant in spring:

1. The risk of frost must be excluded. If the soil is not warmed up to +5 degrees, then the garlic simply may not germinate, because it will freeze. Depending on the climate and region, planting can start from mid-April and continue until early May. It is also impossible to miss the right moment for planting, if you plant garlic with a delay, then it may not grow or will not have time to ripen.
2. Before planting, it is imperative to sort the teeth into three piles: in the first pile they are small, in the second they are of medium size, and in the third they are the largest. The fact is that cloves of the same size should be planted in one row, so you can harvest garlic from one garden bed, which ripens at one moment. The size of the cloves will greatly affect the rate at which the garlic grows and the ripening time.
3. Before planting in spring, you need to have time to germinate the garlic in advance. To do this, select healthy sorted cloves and soak them in warm water for several hours. The water in which the garlic is soaked should be dyed a little with copper sulfate. Copper sulfate helps to destroy bacteria and disease-causing larvae on seedlings. Then, after 2-3 hours, wrap the seedlings in a cloth that is slightly moistened. There is a special vegetable compartment in the refrigerator, this is where the seedlings need to be stored until the sprouts are released.
4. The depth of the pit for planting the garlic should not exceed 3 centimeters, otherwise it will be very difficult for the garlic to germinate. The first sprouts of garlic are very small, so it is difficult for them to break through the thick layer of soil. The crop will also mature for a very long time.
5. The land is also specially prepared for planting garlic cloves. First of all, the rows selected for planting garlic are watered with a weakly cooked solution of copper sulfate. One tablespoon of copper sulfate is dissolved in a bucket. Against various diseases and pests, drugs and products containing copper or, in another way, cuprum are used.
6. For a garlic plant, sunlight is very important, therefore, the cloves should be planted in a sunny area or slightly shaded, where it is warm.
7. So that the garlic plant does not start to rot, it must be planted not in muddy or wet soil, but in damp soil.
8. In no case should several crops be planted end-to-end. Garlic will not tolerate neighbors such as onions and cucumbers. The teeth should be planted 6-8 centimeters apart, between the beds there should be a distance of 10 to 15 centimeters.
9. It would be a mistake to plant winter garlic in the spring. The harvest, of course, will give winter garlic, but its taste, quantity and size will not be the same as if it had been planted in the autumn.
10. The seed should be constantly renewed, otherwise there will be a high risk of white rot in garlic.
11. The roots of sprouted garlic should not be damaged during planting, so do not press the clove into the soil under any circumstances.

Seat selection

For planting garlic, medium loamy soil, black soil, light loamy soil are well suited. Soil with high acidity will lead to diseases of garlic plants.

You cannot plant cloves of garlic in places where onions, potatoes, cucumbers or tomatoes were previously planted, garlic does not tolerate them as neighbors in planting.

Perfect for planting places where currants, zucchini, gooseberries, legumes, strawberries, raspberries or cabbage grew in previous years. Since garlic is an onion crop, it must be planted in different places every year.

The main thing is to choose a warm place that is well lit by the sun, where the garlic will receive a sufficient amount of sunlight. The chosen place should be dug up, then loosened the garden bed, remove absolutely all weeds on it and pour abundantly with a solution prepared in a bucket of water mixed with three tablespoons of ordinary salt. The soil will be ready for planting garlic cloves within two days after the procedures performed.

Preparation of planting material

Simply planting the chives in the soil will not be enough. Planting material must first be prepared. If the seed is processed correctly, then this will have a positive effect on the storage time of the crop and its quantity.

The preparation will consist of three steps: calibration, disinfection and germination:

1. Calibration consists in sorting out the cloves of garlic. If spring garlic is carefully calibrated, then it will produce fruits of superior quantity and quality. First of all, cracked, damaged, small and irregular teeth should be removed from the heap. It is best to select dense, healthy, large, whole seedlings for planting.
2. Disinfection. To disinfect the seedlings, you need to prepare a solution. Stir 400 grams of wood ash with 2 liters of water, boil the solution for half an hour and cool it. After that, the seed is kept in this solution for an hour and a half.
3. Germination. If you germinate seedlings of spring garlic, when planting in spring, you will be pleased with the results. Germination should be done as follows: soak the seedlings in water colored with copper sulfate for two hours. Then wrap them in a damp cloth and put them in a plastic bag.The procedure takes only a few days and must be carried out at room temperature.

Soil and bed preparation

A garlic plant will not be afraid of cold weather, so it can germinate even if the temperature is slightly above zero degrees. Therefore, the sowing material for the spring must be ready in advance, planting work must be done on time.

If you are late with planting work, then the garlic simply will not have time to ripen. If you plant the garlic on time and follow all the general planting rules, then the garlic will delight you with an excellent harvest by the end of the month of August or the beginning of September.

This plant has a very weak root system, so the soil where the garlic is planted must be moist. A neutral soil should be selected. Weakly acidic soil must be diluted with wood ash. Two weeks before you start planting, recharge the soil with compost or humus. Humus will lead to the rapid growth of culture, because it is a source of organic matter. Then take a rake, dig up and loosen the earth.

Spring sowing should be done in rows. Plant the cloves of garlic 5 centimeters apart. The furrow should not be more than 4 centimeters deep. If you have chosen a large variety of garlic, then it can be planted at a distance of 8 centimeters from each other. Dip a clove of garlic into the hole, sprinkle with earth and lightly pat on top.

To make it easier to weed and loosen between the rows, the distance should be 40 centimeters from one row from the other.

Mulch the soil to prevent it from drying out. Ordinary dry grass or dry pine needles work well for mulching.

You can use ammonium sulfate as a fertilizer, which helps the crops to protect themselves from pests. Put two tablespoons on a ten-liter bucket of water. You can re-feed with ammonium sulfate in the month of July.

Plant the garlic cloves in moist soil. The bottom of the clove should be placed at the bottom. At first, if there is no rain, additional watering of the seedlings may be required. With proper care, the first shoots will appear in two weeks.

Sowing

Below is a step-by-step instruction on how to sow.

1. Small grooves should be made in the garden.
2. It is best to cover the bottom of the trench with sand or ash. This will lower the risk of garlic cloves rotting.
3. Carefully begin to lay the garlic along the groove made.
4. The denticles are buried strictly vertically.
5. Sprinkle the cloves gently with earth.
6. Slap on top gently with your fingers.

Care after

There are some rules for caring for garlic:

1. Since the garlic plant prefers moist soil, watering should not be neglected. For 4 weeks after the garlic is planted, it needs to be watered. After this period, it will be possible to water the plants only in case of severe drought. But make sure that there is no excess moisture, then the root system will be damaged.
2. Fertilize the soil. In order for the cloves of garlic to form, phosphorus and potassium will be needed. 60 grams of potassium sulfate or 100 grams of superphosphate will be enough for 10 square meters. Of course, the type of soil will determine how many times the soil should be fertilized and what to feed it with. For black soil, top dressing is not necessary, because it contains almost everything you need for good growth and maturation. And those who live in the Moscow region are obliged to enrich the soil every ten days.
3. To maintain constant air circulation in the soil, it should be loosened from time to time.
4. It is necessary to eliminate weeds, otherwise the powerful root system of weeds will not give an opportunity to form full-fledged bulbs.
5. For the best harvest, the garlic is fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizers. A couple of weeks after sowing, when the first shoots appear, the soil can be fertilized with potassium chloride.The time for the second feeding comes when the garlic bulbs are formed.

Garlic is a very healthy and popular crop that every gardener grows. The process of obtaining a rich harvest and planting in spring in open ground is quite simple, and even a beginner can cope with it, the main thing is to follow all the rules.

Recommendations regarding planting will be especially important, because the quantity and quality of the spicy heads obtained will depend on it.

With the help of step-by-step instructions, planting and growing heads of garlic in the country will not be difficult in the Moscow region, and in Belarus and even in Transbaikalia.

The correct timing of planting spring and winter garlic

Garlic can be planted in both autumn and spring. The specific term will depend from the selected variety.

Experienced gardeners know that such a crop can be represented by winter or spring varieties. These two species differ from each other not only in terms of planting, but also in many other characteristics. You can plant and transplant them at different times, the same applies to sowing seeds for seedlings.

To distinguish them from each other, you need to know the main external features of each species:

• winter garlic is planted in the fall, it is larger, the lobules are covered with a hard shell. In the middle there is a thick and solid rod, around which the teeth are located;
• spring is placed in open ground in early spring... Such heads are smaller, their skin is soft and resembles parchment. The teeth are small, their arrangement is chaotic.

Differences between spring and winter garlic

Winter garlic is suitable for fresh consumption and conservation, such varieties are stored for only 3-4 months. Spring has a less intense taste, but you can use it until the next harvest.

The specific dates of planting will depend on the climatic conditions of the region:

1. When carrying out an autumn planting, it is worth remembering that by the time the first frosts appear at the beginning of winter, the teeth should have time to form a powerful root system, this process takes 3-4 weeks on average. Based on this, all work should be carried out a month before the onset of frost, that is late September-early October;
2. Spring planting is carried out immediately after the winter snow cover melts, and the garden soil warms up to +6 degrees. Depending on the specific region, this may be April or early May.

Benefits of autumn and spring planting of heads

When making a choice at what time to plant garlic, you need to think about the fact that not only the process of work depends on this, but also characteristics of the resulting crophow it will emerge and whether it will be necessary to transplant in the summer.

The future harvest depends on the time of planting.

Winter garlic	Spring garlic
The taste of spring garlic is less intense, and the heads and cloves are small in size compared to winter varieties.	Winter garlic boasts large prongs that are easy to peel before cooking and have a bright, spicy flavor.
Spring garlic ripens for a long time, the yield of varieties of this type remains at a low level	Winter garlic ripens a month earlier than spring garlic, so you can use fresh tines already in summer, besides, the yield of this species is much higher
Spring garlic is able to maintain its freshness for up to 12 months	Winter garlic is only stored for 3-4 months
Spring planting guarantees a friendly emergence of seedlings and safe growth of plants	When carrying out an autumn planting, it should be borne in mind that there is always a risk of an earlier onset of frost or too much rainfall, which can destroy the planting
When caring for spring garlic, you should take care of sufficient watering during the formation of the teeth.	Winter varieties are formed using soil moisture
Spring varieties of garlic are not afraid of common diseases and pests	Autumn varieties are the most defenseless against various ailments.

The choice of planting dates and the type of vegetable grown will depend on the growing purpose. Experienced gardeners recommend planting in the beds both winter and spring crops plants.

Gardeners recommend planting those other varieties in the beds.

Cultivation technology and features of sowing seeds in the country

Each planting date has its own individual characteristics regarding the work. But there are also general rules that should be followed regardless of the time factor:

1. Before planting a vegetable, you must definitely calibrate, that is, to remove too small and somewhat diseased heads;
2. The most common mistake many gardeners make is planting winter crops in the spring. In this case, you can get a harvest, but it will not be as tasty and large as with an autumn planting;
3. In order to get a guaranteed yield, you should purchase zoned varieties... It is also worthwhile to study in advance all the characteristics, technology, how to sow and needs;
4. Once every 3 years, you need to carry out rejuvenation of the variety, that is, instead of the teeth, bulbs will be used as planting material, from which one-toothed teeth ripen in the first season. The resulting crop is used for planting the next year. As a result of such work, the garlic is renewed;
5. In order to harvest a high-quality crop, the deadlines must not be missed. You can identify them by the arrow that should burst. Bulbs should also form;
6. For a richer harvest, garlic feathers should be picked in a timely manner.

Before planting, the seeds need to be calibrated

The most important rule to follow when planting garlic will be deadlines.

In the fall, you cannot plant the teeth too early so that they do not germinate ahead of time, in the spring you cannot delay planting, because then the heads may not have time to mature before the onset of cold weather.

Rules for planting garlic in open ground

In order for the cultivation to end with success, you need to correctly carry out the planting work. It is also very important to competently care for the plantings and perform the necessary work in a timely manner.

Preparing seedling cloves

In order to get friendly shoots, which will subsequently bring a good harvest, you need to work hard and properly process the planting material:

1. 1. Well-dried garlic heads are divided into cloves without damaging the dry scales;
   2. Then spend calibrationselecting large and healthy slices;
   3. Before spring planting, the cloves can be stimulated to a faster emergence of roots, for this planting material wrapped in a damp cloth and put in the refrigerator for several days;
   4. Before planting the teeth in the ground, they must be prepared.

There are three ways to carry out processing:

1. • The slices are soaked in warm water for 10-12 hours;
   • For these purposes, table salt is also well suited, which is diluted in water (3 tablespoons per 5 liters). This procedure is carried out for several minutes;
   • Another way would be chemicals that have a stimulating effect.
2. The last important procedure will be disinfection... To do this, the teeth are immersed in a solution of copper sulfate for 1-2 minutes (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water).

Disinfection is carried out in a solution of copper sulfate

Potassium permanganate solution, Fitosporin-M and ash infusion are also well suited for antimicrobial treatment. In this case, the processing will take 30 minutes.

Site selection and soil preparation

Garlic is quite capricious about the choice of soil and planting sites. When preparing a site, you should remember all the preferences of this culture:

• in the best way the vegetable takes root on loamy and chernozem soils with neutral acidity;
• the place should be sunny and open;
• it is not recommended to plant garlic where onions, potatoes and tomatoes grew before it. Desirable precursors include cabbage, legumes, courgettes and cucumbers.

For spring planting, soil preparation is carried out in the fall, and for autumn planting a month before work. This procedure includes deep digging, loosening, removing weeds and stones.

In order to balance the composition of the soil, clay and sandy soil is diluted with peat, and peaty loam.

Clay and sandy soils are diluted with peat

In order to get a rich harvest, the soil needs to be enrich... The following fertilizers are applied to one square meter of soil:

• 1 bucket of humus or rotted manure;
• 1 bucket of compost;
• 1 cup dolomite flour;
• 1 tablespoon superphosphate;
• 1 tablespoon of nitrophosphate.

The final part will be the disinfection of the plantings, during which the beds are watered with copper sulfate or potassium permanganate solution. Experienced gardeners recommend covering the ridges with foil until the work is done.

Step-by-step instructions and at what depth to plant

The vegetable is planted in rows, the distance between which should be equal 20-25 centimeters... The distance between individual teeth will depend on their size, on average this figure is 10 centimeters.

The teeth deepen strictly vertical... In the spring, the embedment depth will be 5-6 centimeters. In the fall, this figure should be increased to 10 centimeters. This is necessary in order to protect the planting material from freezing.

Autumn, immediately after planting the beds, it is recommended to mulch with straw or dry grass. As soon as the snow melts, the shelter is removed.

Care

Caring for the garlic after planting will consist of timely loosening and cleaning the soil from weeds... Also, do not forget about watering. During the growing season, moisture should be applied abundantly.

Watering is reduced to a moderate amount when the formation of fruits begins, because with an excess of moisture, garlic can be susceptible to various diseases. In rainy weather, watering should be reduced. Moisture application is stopped 2 weeks before harvest.

In addition to watering, garlic needs regular feeding:

1. 1 time in 10 days the soil is watered with a solution of phosphorus and potash fertilizers;
2. At the beginning of the growing season and after the formation of the head, the plants are fertilized with infusion of mullein or chicken droppings. 1 kilogram of fertilizer is diluted in 10 liters of water and infused for several days. After the end of fermentation, 1 liter of top dressing is diluted with 10 liters of water.

For additional protection against diseases and pests, preventive treatments with fungicides and insecticides are carried out in the spring.

To protect against diseases, spraying with fungicides is carried out in the spring.

How to transplant garlic planted before winter in the spring

It often happens that after the autumn planting of garlic, the gardener's plans change dramatically and the beds have to be transplanted to a new place. Many sources do not recommend carrying out such a procedure, because it can damage the root system of plants and destroy them.

But if work is necessary, then the planting is transferred together with a large earthy clod... In this case, losses will be minimal, but in any case, a smaller yield should be expected.

You can plant garlic in spring and autumn. The specific timeframe for the completion of the work will depend on the desired result. The key to successful work will be compliance with all the above rules.

Garlic is a favorite spice vegetable for many nations. Without it, it is impossible to imagine the taste of many dishes and pickles. Nutritionists advise consuming garlic daily, because in addition to its spicy taste, it has many beneficial properties and has bactericidal properties. That is why the spicy vegetable is popular among gardeners who plant both spring and winter garlic in the beds.Its cultivation and care will not take much time, but for the harvest to be good and of high quality, you need to know: when to plant garlic in spring and autumn, how to plant garlic correctly and how to care for it. We talked about all this in detail in our article.

Lunar calendar for planting garlic in 2018

Plants, the fruits of which grow and develop in the ground, are recommended to be planted on the waning moon. During the "rest" of the Moon, the growth of the stems freezes, and all the juices and strength goes into the root system. As a result, the heads of garlic grow well, develop and turn out to be large. In order for the green sprout of a spicy vegetable to grow faster, many summer residents plant garlic cloves and heads in the initial phase of the growing moon.

When to plant garlic in spring?

Spring garlic

Planting garlic cloves is recommended no later than the first decade of April. Such landing dates are suitable for residents of central Russia. In the Urals and Siberia, the soil on the site begins to thaw only at the end of April, so garlic is planted here in May.

According to the lunar calendar, in 2018 the following dates are favorable for planting spring garlic:

1. March - this month the vegetable is planted in the southern regions of the country. The best days for planting: 6, 9, 10, 11, 20, 23, 24.
2. April - favorable days: 2 and 3, 9-11, 23-25.
3. May - The moon decreases at the beginning and at the end of the month, so it is recommended to do landings: 1, 2, 4, 9-11 and 30 May.

Astrologers advise against planting on the following spring days:

• March: 2 and 3, 17 and 18;
• April: 15 and 16, 29 and 30;
• May: 14-16, 28 and 29.

When to plant garlic in fall?

Winter garlic

Winter garlic is planted in autumn 35-45 days before frosty days. Therefore, in the northern regions of the country they start planting in August, in Siberia and the Urals in September, in central Russia they plant a vegetable in October, and in the southern regions in November or even December. But in any case, the landing time depends on the weather conditions. It is necessary to plant garlic in the fall so that it has not yet had time to start growing, but has formed a root system, about 10 cm long.

Favorable days for planting garlic in the fall of 2018:

• August: 14, 15 and 31;
• September: 2, 4, 6, 27-29;
• October: 2 and 3, 25 and 25, 29 and 30;
• November: 4 and 5, 24, 25, 27.

If these days it is not possible to plant a spring type of vegetable, then you can start planting on any other day, except for unfavorable dates:

• August: 11 and 26;
• September: 9, 22-25;
• October: 9, 22-24;
• November: 7-10, 18, 23;
• December: 1-3, 7, 18, 22, 29-31.

How to plant garlic correctly?

Since the plant is planted early in spring and the soil is still frozen at this time, the planting bed is prepared in the fall. The spicy vegetable grows best in loamy, neutral and fertile soil. During digging, for each square meter of the garden, he introduces:

• humus - 1 bucket;
• potassium salt - 20 grams;
• superphosphate - 30 grams.

Preparation of planting material

Plant the garlic with chives, which should be straight and healthy. Soft, damaged and curved planting material is discarded.

The selected teeth are placed in the vegetable section of the refrigerator for 2-3 weeks, after which they are disinfected in one of three solutions:

• 1% solution of copper sulfate;
• a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
• an ash solution, which is prepared from a liter of water and 20 grams of ash (the mixture must be boiled and cooled for 30 minutes).

In a solution of copper sulfate and potassium permanganate, the planting material is kept for 12 hours, and in an ash solution for 2 hours.

After which crop can garlic be planted?

It is recommended to plant a spicy vegetable after siderates, legumes, pumpkins, zucchini and cabbage of any kind. Poor predecessors will be: tomatoes, carrots, cucumbers, onions and garlic.

Planting spring garlic in spring

Two days before planting in open ground, spring garlic can be wrapped in a damp cloth and polyethylene so that it germinates. In the garden, grooves are made with a distance of 20-25 cm, and with a depth of 7 to 9 cm.The teeth are spaced from each other at a distance of about 7 cm.(you need to make sure that their bottom is located at the bottom). The dry soil is watered after planting, and if the soil is wet, then watering is not required.

Planting garlic before winter

A bed for winter garlic is prepared two weeks before planting. This type of spicy vegetable is usually larger than a spring vegetable, so the grooves for it are made 15-20 cm deep, at a distance of 8 to 15 cm. The distance between the grooves depends on the size of the teeth.

Winter garlic can also be planted with bulbs (air bulbs), which are arranged in a 2x10 cm pattern to a depth of 3 cm.

After planting before winter, it is recommended to mulch the garden with a mixture of sawdust with soil or dry peat in a layer of 2 cm.If severe frosts are expected in the fall, and the snow has not yet fallen, then the plantings must be covered with roofing material or film. When the snow falls, the shelter will need to be removed.

How to grow large garlic?

Caring for garlic is quite simple, however, in order to get a good harvest and large heads, you need to carry out some procedures:

1. Watering the garlic. If it rains regularly in spring and summer, then the beds with a spicy vegetable do not need to be watered. In dry weather, plantings are watered abundantly, using 10 to 12 liters of water per square meter. In order for the heads to gain volume and weight, watering must be stopped in August.
2. Weeding and loosening. These are mandatory procedures that are recommended after rain or watering.
3. Removing arrows. In order for the strength of the plant to be spent on the development of the onion, as soon as the arrows are formed, they must be removed.
4. Garlic dressing. Plants are fertilized only four times per season. The first time feeding is applied as soon as the greens appear, and the second time - two weeks after the first. Urea, mullein or Fertak fertilizer are used as fertilizers. All these fertilizers contain nitrogen necessary for the development of onions.
5. Protection against diseases and pests. In order for the plants to be affected by diseases and pests as little as possible, it is imperative to process the teeth before planting and observe crop rotation. It is better not to use insecticides and fungicides for the prevention and treatment of garlic, since the heads will absorb all the poisons.

Harvesting garlic

At the end of July, you can start harvesting winter garlic, and from mid-August, they begin to harvest spring garlic. The fact that it is time to dig up a spicy vegetable can be found out by the following signs:

• the feathers turned yellow and died;
• new feathers are not formed;
• the heads acquired the required volume and color.

You need to collect the vegetable on time, otherwise it will begin to grow again, its onion will decay and become unsuitable for storage in winter.

Unstable head of garlic

The heads are pulled out of the ground or dug out with a pitchfork and laid out on a bed to dry. That is why cleaning should be done in dry weather. The dried soil is shaken off the onions and hung for a week to dry in a room with a temperature of about +30 degrees. If the temperature outside is within +25 degrees and there is no rain, then the heads can be hung under a canopy and dried for 10 days.

If the garlic is intended for long-term storage, then after it dries, the roots and herbs are cut off from it. For shooting varieties, the neck should be left 2 cm long, and for non-shooting varieties, about 5 cm.

How to store garlic correctly in winter?

Spring varieties are best stored, and winter varieties are capricious, dry quickly and are affected by rot. Storage conditions for garlic:

1. The air temperature for winter garlic should be from +2 to + 4 degrees, and for spring garlic - from +16 to +20 degrees.
2. Room humidity should be between 60-80%.

The heads can be folded into baskets and stored on the veranda or glazed loggia. Garlic is stored for a long time if it is folded in boxes and sprinkled with salt.

In private houses, a spicy vegetable is stored under the roof of attics or sheds, having previously tied the heads with a bundle.If you do not cut the false stem, then it is woven into braids and hung under the ceiling of a ventilated and cool room. Onions can not be tied, but simply folded with a net or nylon stocking.

When storing garlic in winter at home, you need to regularly sort out the heads, throwing out those that start to deteriorate.

As you can see, planting and caring for garlic is pretty simple and won't take long. If everything is done correctly, then by the fall, large heads of a useful vegetable will grow on the beds, which can be stored at home in winter.

Do you know which variety of garlic is one of the sweetest, thanks to its 10-12% sugar content? Yes, this is an amazing and wonderful spring garlic. It is, of course, less popular than the winter one, but it has an unforgettable spicy aroma of young greens, a not too sharp taste of cloves, and is perfectly stored (up to 2 years). You will learn about the differences between these two varieties, as well as about the intricacies of planting spring garlic in open ground in spring, about leaving after planting and harvesting from this article.

Spring and winter garlic: differences

Novice summer residents may accidentally confuse winter garlic with spring garlic. To avoid this, you need to know the main differences:

• Outwardly, spring garlic contains a greater number of small cloves (which are arranged as if in a spiral: the closer to the center, the smaller they are). Winter crops, on the other hand, consist of larger ones with a central core (hard arrow).
• Winter garlic is planted in the fall before winter, in the spring it is the spring garlic that is planted.
• Spring garlic propagates only by chives, winter garlic can also be propagated by bulbs (bulbs).
• The yield of winter garlic is much higher than that of spring garlic.
• Spring is better and longer stored (at home from 1 to 2 years). Winter varieties are generally suitable for early autumn canning (average shelf life is about 3-4 months).
• Winter garlic, as a rule, is shooting, spring varieties are non-shooting (with the exception of such variety as "Gulliver"),
• The taste qualities of spring garlic are more attractive (it is corny sweeter). It is great for use in salads, soups.

Video: how to distinguish winter garlic from spring garlic

Planting winter garlic in spring

If for some reason you decide to plant winter garlic in the spring, then plant it! You should be fine. The following videos prove it.

Video: is it possible to plant winter garlic in spring

When and how to plant spring garlic outdoors in spring

In general, the agricultural technique of planting spring garlic in the spring is similar to the autumn planting of winter garlic, but has several important nuances and differences.

Landing dates

The optimal time for planting garlic in spring directly depends on the climatic characteristics of the region. The cloves should be planted when the soil temperature warms up to + 3-5 degrees, he is not afraid of light return frosts. As a rule, in the conditions of central Russia (Moscow region), this occurs approximately in the second half of April - early May. In the south - already at the end of March and beginning of April. But in Siberia and the Urals, garlic is most often planted in the last spring month.

Preparing the beds and places

A garden bed for spring garlic should be prepared in advance, preferably in the fall. The vegetable loves to grow in fertile land. It is good if it is medium and light loamy soils.

As for the location of the garlic bed, you should choose sunny places where water does not stagnate. Therefore, it is optimal to plant cloves in high beds, in which case you will reduce the risk of fungal diseases due to excessive moisture to the very minimum.

When it comes to crop rotation, green manures (such as mustard or oats), legumes (peas), pumpkin and squash, as well as strawberries (garden strawberries) and cucumbers are good precursors for garlic.You should not plant it in the beds where root crops (potatoes, radishes, beets, carrots, onions) and nightshade crops (eggplant, pepper, tomato) used to grow.

Preparation of planting material

The activities for the preparation of garlic cloves for planting in open ground include the following: selection and calibration of planting material, its stratification, soaking for its disinfection and growth stimulation.

Carefully review all your planting material in advance. Take all specimens showing signs of disease and place them separately. However, you should not immediately separate the cloves from the heads, it is recommended to do this only the day before planting during the procedure of disinfection and soaking in growth stimulants.

Important! If there are only a few cloves in the head, or they are fused (as if doubled), then most likely, by planting such cloves, you are unlikely to get a decent harvest, because these are typical signs of degeneration.

Further processing of spring garlic before spring planting includes all subsequent actions.

About a month before planting garlic in the spring in open ground, it should be placed in a refrigerator or basement (cellar) for stratification, where the air temperature fluctuates around + 1-3 degrees.

Advice! For planting, it is advisable to choose the outer teeth of the first row (they are the largest). The middle part, as a rule, is not used, since too small bulbs and cloves are obtained from it. Although you can successfully use them for planting on greens (or just leave them for food). Therefore, be sure to separate such cloves and plant them on a separate bed.

Somewhere a day before planting, spring garlic should be taken out, allowed to lie down for a while at room temperature. Then divide the heads into teeth and examine them again for diseases.

If the quality of the cloves leaves much to be desired, then on the day of planting it is required to soak them in warm water with the addition of such fungicides as Fundazol, Maxim. If the quality is good, then it is better to just hold them in a weak solution of potassium permanganate (for 20-30 minutes). This procedure is done with the aim of disinfecting the seed so as not to bring the disease to your summer cottage.

You can disinfect garlic before planting in other ways. For example, in an ash solution. Also suitable for a long time proved its effectiveness and indispensability "Fitosporin".

After the disinfection procedure, you can additionally process the garlic heads in one of the growth stimulants. For example, in "Epin" or "Zircon", as well as in "Green Bud" (all according to the instructions). Another option for awakening the heads is to soak them in a saline solution (1 tablespoon per 1 liter of water) for 1-2 minutes (this will help protect the plant from the wireworm). Such preparation of garlic before planting will significantly increase its germination and increase the rate of its development.

Video: preparing spring garlic for spring planting

Head landing

Highlights when planting garlic in spring (or some sort of step-by-step guide):

• Make ridges and good grooves (at a distance of 20-30 centimeters from each other), into which it is recommended to pour a little vermicompost. Optionally, you can also add Fertik's "Spring-Summer" long-lasting fertilizer. In addition, there will be no excess wood ash (potash fertilizer).
• Spill the wells liberally with plain water. Once the soil has absorbed moisture, you can start planting.
• The planting depth for spring garlic is slightly less than for winter garlic. It should be about 2-3 centimeters. Obviously, overly buried teeth will simply grow slowly.
• You need to plant spring garlic closer than winter garlic (8-10 cm), that is, the distance between the cloves should be about 4-6 centimeters. This is due to the fact that the bulbs of such (summer) garlic grow much smaller.
• It is advisable to mulch the garden with sawdust, so you will greatly simplify the care, in other words, reduce the amount of watering and weeding.

Video: planting spring garlic

Spring garlic care after planting

Spring garlic is grown in much the same way as winter garlic - it requires quite a bit of care, which should include loosening, weeding, watering and feeding.

Naturally, the bed should not overgrow, but always be clean, so it is worth carrying out regular weeding from weeds.

Abundant and frequent watering of spring garlic is required only at the beginning of its formation, so that it, so to speak, has good green foliage. In other words, in May-June, watering of garlic beds should be frequent. When the plant begins to form a bulb, this usually occurs during the formation of 5-6 leaves, watering should be reduced, and closer to August, and completely stop.

Spring garlic must be fed during its growing season. For this, organics are best suited. However, do not overdo it, otherwise overflowing with organic fertilizers can provoke yellowing of the foliage and other diseases. You can also use urea.

It is good to feed the garlic directly to the root in the middle of summer (in July) with "Aquarin" (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water), adding 1 liter of horse manure infusion to this solution. Such feeding will help to enlarge the bulb and provide nutrition for faster ripening. Not only that, you can use potassium-rich wood ash. It is enough for her to lightly powder the planting.

And 3 weeks before the expected date of harvesting, it is appropriate to water the garlic beds with top dressing from a solution of potassium monophosphate.

By the way! Read more about dressing garlic in this article.

Harvesting for storage

In most cases, harvesting spring garlic from the beds begins from the second half of August to the end of September. It is very simple to determine the time when it is worth getting a vegetable by the following signs of its ripening: the leaves begin to lie on the ground, the tips turn yellow, and the lower leaves dry out a little.

After harvesting, it is recommended to dry it a little and put it away for storage, for example, in boxes that can be placed at home somewhere near a window.

Video: harvesting spring garlic

Whatever one may say, but spring garlic quite easily saves any housewife: when there is not enough taste and vitamins, it is undoubtedly suitable for all dishes, except for compote. But it is possible to grow this capricious culture only with knowledge of the peculiarities of planting and caring for it in the spring. So, consider our tips and tricks, and your work on growing garlic will be crowned with success.

Video: briefly about growing spring garlic - from planting to harvest