Irises planting and care outdoors in September

Irises are a popular garden crop with spectacular flowering and unpretentious nature. Many gardeners are interested in planting and caring for irises in the open field. Velvet multicolored irises are a perennial plant that serves as a real decoration for a flower garden or flower bed.

Irises - description and features of culture

Irises are short perennials of the rhizome genus. Translated from Greek, the word Iris means rainbow. Indeed, more than 700 types of irises are known, differing in size, shape, structure and color of the flower. Outwardly, the iris flower stalk is similar to an orchid, the color of the petals is very diverse - from white and pale to rich and bright. In some varieties, the peduncle is painted with two, three or more flowers, and a peculiar pattern is applied to the lower petals.

The beginning of flowering of irises is May and June, the lush flowering can continue until the end of June. In the fall, the iris can bloom again - in August and September.

The culture has an extensive geography around the world, with some varieties found in the harsh climate of the Northern Hemisphere. In nature, there are rhizome and bulbous irises, which outwardly are absolutely similar to each other. Rhizome irises are stable and unpretentious, winter well and are not afraid of cold weather. Bulbous varieties require a little more care and attention. The wild flower iris has long been loved by flower growers and has become urban. You should learn everything about the care and planting of irises in open ground.

Rules for planting irises in open ground

Rhizome irises prefer a well-lit area where they will bloom beautifully for a long time. For the free spread of the roots, irises need space - at least half a meter from each other. All species love loose, nutrient-rich and oily soil. Planting irises in the spring in the ground is carried out after the compost and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers have been introduced. It is not recommended to apply manure.

Soil moisture for each variety needs its own:

• bearded iris is best planted in a fan on the slopes so that there is a good outflow of rain and melt water;
• Siberian iris and marsh iris are best grown where it is always damp - near water bodies and in partial shade.

The area for irises is dug up, treated with fungicides against harmful insects, and herbicides to reduce weed growth. For rhizome irises, a neutral soil is preferred. If the soil is acidic, you should mix it with ash, lime or chalk. When planting, the upper bud remains on the surface of the soil, it is not buried.

Rhizome varieties - how to plant irises in spring:

1. A hole is dug under the root, in the center of which a small mound is poured.
2. The central root should be placed on a mound, and the lateral roots should be distributed to the sides.
3. The main rhizome is sprinkled with earth, a layer of sand is applied on top, the earth is slightly compacted.
4. The roots should not be buried too deep, they should be located close to the soil surface.
5. Let the central kidney remain free of the earth - above its surface.

Experienced flower growers recommend planting irises in the open ground in spring and summer. During the warm season, the plants have time to fully take root in the soil, due to which they winter without loss and begin to bloom the next year.

Bulbous irises - planting and care in the open field:

1. The bulbs are planted in early spring or autumn before frost.
2. The soil temperature for planting must be at least 10 °, otherwise the bulbs may freeze.
3. A shallow trench is dug, the bulbs go deeper into the trench by 3-4 cm, no more.
4. The total planting depth should be about 10-12 cm.
5. The excavated soil is mixed with garden soil for nutrition, river sand and crushed coal for drainage, with double superphosphate for growth.
6. The prepared grooves are disinfected by spilling with a solution of potassium permanganate, and a growth stimulator to strengthen the roots.
7. Iris bulbs are planted sprout up, not too deep, at a sufficient distance from each other - 15-20 cm.
8. The soil is poured on top, which should be lightly tamped so that the bulbs do not crawl out to the surface.
9. Re-watering is necessary only after 3-4 days.

Excessive root deepening harms the growth and development of irises, while the soil should not be heavy. For loosening, compost, peat and coarse sand are added to the soil.

Small-bulb varieties of irises are not demanding on moisture. They are buried three times the height of the bulb, and their flowering begins next spring.

Iris care - basics and secrets

According to experienced flower growers, irises are strong and viable plants that grow and bloom well without fertilization. However, in the third year of life, it is recommended to pamper the flower with a step-by-step complex feeding - in the spring, during the budding period and after flowering. In response to care, the plant will become stronger and stronger, it will grow faster and bloom more abundantly.

Irises - care in spring:

• top dressing in a ratio of 2: 1: 1 - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;
• watering depending on the surrounding weather conditions.

During the budding period, fertilizing should be carried out at a ratio of 3: 1: 3 - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. In this case, watering and spraying are carried out as needed. A month after the end of flowering, it is recommended to apply top dressing in a 1: 1 ratio - phosphorus plus potassium. In the autumn, before wintering, dry mineral fertilizer should be applied in a tablespoon, scattering it under each root of the plant.

Irises should be watered at the root when the soil around the bush is completely dry. After planting, the plant is watered only three days later.

How to feed irises in spring:

• if a lack of minerals is noticed, then mineral dressing should be applied personally for each bush;
• in early spring, a complex nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus fertilizer for flowers is useful for a plant.

Prevention of diseases and pests includes sanitary pruning of dead plant parts, timely removal of wilted flower stalks, regular spraying and shower, cleaning the beds from fallen leaves.In the open field, the planting of irises is weeded by hand, the soil is loosened with care and watered as needed. Before winter, the rhizomes are sprinkled with earth and covered, since they are located close to the surface itself and can freeze.

How and when to transplant irises

Irises can be planted in three ways - rhizomes, shoots and grown from seeds. Getting plants from seeds is the longest and most difficult way. In practice, it is much easier and faster to grow flowers by dividing the bush and branches. At the same time, plants grown from rhizomes will bloom the next year, and seed plantings will have to wait another 2-3 years.

How and when to transplant irises:

• the best time for transplanting is early spring, that is, March-April, before flowering;
• flowers are propagated by dividing rhizomes and sprouts.

Transplanting irises in the spring to another place is carried out using only healthy and strong plants that will take root quickly and without problems. The rhizomes are removed from the ground and divided into parts so that each individual root rosette has one leaf bud. Excess foliage should be trimmed. Before planting, the roots are dipped in a potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for several minutes. Dried rhizomes are planted in shallow trenches or small planting holes at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other.

When propagating vegetatively, the iris should bloom at least once. After that, until the moment of budding, young shoots can be taken from it. New plants should be rooted from March to May in a shaded place, creating greenhouse conditions. Complete rooting can be observed after 2-3 weeks.

Irises can be grown from seeds. In autumn, seeds are sown in a pot with a sandy substrate, covered with plastic or glass. By spring, the seeds will sprout, they are dived and planted in open ground. When to plant irises outdoors in spring? The optimal time for planting in the ground is early spring, the month of March and April. By this time, young plantings have already grown up enough, they will be able to quickly and fully take root in the ground.

Irises in landscape design

The high decorative qualities of irises allow them to be planted in flower beds and mixborders, along fences, in flower beds and rockeries. The ideal place for them is on a hill, where there is no stagnation of moisture, and there is no close adhesion of groundwater. There are undersized and tall types of irises. Tall plants are usually tied up so that they do not break and hold the bud well. Dwarf irises grow in a solid wall and require periodic pruning and watering in dry weather.

Irises in landscape design photo:

Knowledge of the rules for planting and caring for irises in the open field will make it easy and simple to grow these plants in your garden plot. When you see an iris, you do not want to pick it at all, you want to admire it endlessly, inhaling the delicate and delicate aroma of a flower.

Such different irises on the site - video

Garden iris is a perennial plant loved by many gardeners. The unpretentious flower takes root well and easily tolerates wintering. Exceptions may be hybrid varieties, as well as flowers grown in regions with a harsh climate. For novice gardeners, the question naturally arises: "How to care for irises in the fall?" For advice, we will turn to professionals who will share with us the secrets of growing these beautiful flowers.

Garden irises: planting and care in the fall

In theory, it is possible to plant, plant and transplant irises from early spring to October. But in order for the plant to take root, it is best to do this during the dormant period, which occurs after flowering. If you decide to plant or transplant irises on your site, try to do this at the end of August or in September. Such irises will bloom next spring, but you will need to wait for a more luxuriant flowering in the second year.

How to transplant irises in the fall?

If you decide to split a bush that is already growing in your garden, you need to settle for a well-developed plant. It must be carefully dug up and shaken off the ground. Examine the rhizome. You must split it so that each split part has a bundle of leaves. The roots will need to be cut by a quarter. Remove old, rotten parts of the roots. Cut the iris leaves, leaving 10-15 cm.

Pay special attention to the roots of the plant. If you find damaged areas, they will need to be carefully cut out with a knife and immersed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 15 minutes. After such a procedure, it is advisable to dry the roots. All sections will be properly processed with crushed coal, it is possible with the addition of sulfur (1: 1).

If you live in a region where there are severe frosts in the winter, then try to acquire varieties of irises that are resistant to frost. Take a closer look at what irises your neighbors grow, how they cope with winters. If you have a good relationship, ask them for a sprout when transplanting. Such a plant will take root 100%.

Preparing irises pits: planting and care in the fall

In order for the plant to take root well, it must be properly planted. To do this, it is necessary to make a small mound in the prepared hole, on which to lay the rhizome, while straightening the roots well on the sides. The plant is planted to a depth of no more than 3-5 cm. There should be a distance of 30-50 cm between the bushes. The land around should be compacted and well watered. In the spring you will be delighted with beautiful irises. Planting and grooming in the fall gives better results than other times of the year.

Iris care in autumn

If you do not intend to replant the plant, you need to cultivate the soil around the irises, remove weeds, and fluff the ground. Without a transplant, irises can live in one place for up to 6-7 years. Hybrid varieties are recommended to be replanted more often in order to preserve the variety of the plant.

In order for the buds, and the irises themselves, to be large and not lose their color, they should be fed with fertilizers. In the earliest spring, during the growing season, phosphate fertilizers are well suited, and after the plants have faded, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Irises, like many garden flowers, cannot tolerate fresh manure. If your soil is very poor on the site, it is advisable to increase the amount of dressing, and on black soil it can be reduced. Watering in the fall is reduced to a minimum.

Before the frost begins, cover the tubers with spruce branches or leaves to protect the plants during frost. In the spring, the shelter will need to be removed so that the rays of the sun can warm up the roots of the plant.

If you follow these simple recommendations, blooming irises will delight you in the spring. Planting and caring for these plants in the fall will give you a kind of guarantee that you will admire the many colors of these delicate plants in spring.

This flower is named after Iris, the goddess of the rainbow. Iris amazes not only with the variety of colors and shades, but also with many species, the care of which is different from each other. Therefore, before answering the question: how to plant irises, you must first determine what species it belongs to.

Features of growing irises

The genus iris has about 800 species. They are divided into bearded and non-bearded. By the structure of the root system, bulbous and rhizome varieties are distinguished. They differ greatly in terms of moisture requirements and other growing conditions.

Most often, in the climatic conditions of the middle lane, the following species are grown:

• Iris German. He loves the sun and moderate moisture. Long flowering. There are also remontant varieties that can bloom again in the second half of summer.
• Siberian iris is distinguished by its unpretentiousness to growing conditions. A place under the trees will suit him, which will protect him from too bright sunlight. Prefers moist soil, but excessive moisture causes disease. Siberian iris belongs to the beardless and is the most frost-resistant of all species.
• Japanese or xiphoid irises love sun and moisture, but without stagnant water.They are not very winter-hardy, so growing them in our climate carries a certain risk.
• Bulbous irises come from Holland, so here these sissies winter only under cover and are not suitable for growing in regions with harsh winters. The species and varietal diversity of bulbous irises is great: reticulated iris or iridodictium, xyphium, juno. Each of these species has many varieties. They differ not only in color and height, but also in terms of flowering.
• Iris chrysographis. A group of irises discovered recently. They come from China and are just beginning to conquer the hearts of flower growers with their unusual speckled flowers.
• Iris marsh. It is most often used for decorating ponds, as it loves to grow in water. It can reach a height of 1.5 m. It does not differ in a variety of colors: the flowers are painted in shades of yellow.

Each type of irises is planted at its own time.

Landing in open ground

Florists have a rule: plants blooming in spring are transplanted in the second half of summer or autumn. It also applies to most irises.

How and when to plant?

Iris germanis can be planted in the spring before flowering, in summer and in the fall after flowering. But planting irises in the fall is preferable for this species. For planting the Japanese group, the end of summer or the beginning of autumn is most suitable, but long before the onset of frost. If these weakly winter-resistant plants do not have time to root well, they are guaranteed to freeze out in winter.

Siberian irises are planted from the second half of August to the end of September, and in warm regions in October. These resistant plants are not afraid of frost.

Net irises are planted in the middle of summer. Juno bulbs are dug up at the end of June and stored in a dry place, without breaking the roots until September, at which time they are planted. Xyphyum bulbs are dug out after the leaves wilt, dried and stored in the refrigerator in winter, and planted in spring.

Planting depth is also different for different species.

• Germanic irises like shallow planting. Rhizomes are only lightly sprinkled with earth.
• Japanese and Siberian irises are deepened by 5-8 cm.
• Bulbous irises are planted at about the same depth.

Site preparation and landing

Some types of irises, such as Germanic ones, grow very quickly, so they are transplanted every 3-4 years. Siberians are long-livers and can grow in one place for decades, so when planting, you need to provide a place for their growth.

Preparing the soil for all types of irises consists in a thorough digging, in which all the roots of weeds are selected, even the smallest ones. This is especially true for wheatgrass and duckweed. It will be impossible to remove them from the iris curtain without damaging the roots. Some growers, in order to remove all the roots of the weeds, sift the soil for planting through a sieve.

Let's talk in more detail about the most common group - Germanic or bearded irises. The place for their planting is sunny. Slight shading in the afternoon is possible. In full shade, these plants can also grow, but there will be problems with flowering. Strong wind is also undesirable on the landing site - it can easily break off the peduncles. Germanic irises are prone to getting wet, so places where water accumulates in the spring and wet areas are not suitable for them.

The soil should not be heavy. Sand and compost should be added to clay soil. The acidity of the soil is adjusted in advance - for irises, soil with a neutral reaction is needed. The soil must be fertile, so it is filled with humus in a small amount, adding phosphorus-potassium fertilizer and ash. To avoid root rot, spill the soil with a fungicide solution.

Manure cannot be added to the soil for planting irises, the roots of these flowers burn from it.

Landing nuances

In order for this sunny flower to delight the grower with health and flowering for a long time, you need to choose the right planting material.

The planted section must meet the following criteria:

• the rhizome must have at least one fully formed link, the leaves must be cut to a height of 15 cm;
• dense and elastic rhizome should not show signs of decay;
• the light rhizome has a uniform color and tubercles, which are the rudiments of future roots.

It is advisable to dry the newly dug plants in the shade for one day, cutting off part of the leaves for them by 1/3 of the height.

Then proceed as follows:

• shorten long roots up to 10 cm and completely cut off damaged ones; places of damage and cuts are cauterized with potassium permanganate;
• prepare holes or grooves about 20 cm deep;
• cover them with sand by half;
• the distance between them should not be less than 40 cm, since this type of irises grows rapidly;
• lay out the rhizomes, spreading the roots on the sides; the plant itself should be strictly vertical;
• covered with soil, taking into account that its layer should be thin, and the upper part of the rhizome should protrude above the ground;
• gently water the plants without eroding the soil;
• in hot weather, watered every day for a week.

Planting irises in autumn has some peculiarities. To do this, choose rhizomes no more than 6 cm long and no more than 3 cm thick. Each of them should have a formed flower bud. It must be remembered that irises may not bloom during autumn planting next year.

To achieve good flowering, plants must be properly cared for.

Irises: rules of care

Caring for German irises is not particularly difficult. These flowers are distinguished by great vitality and easily forgive florists for errors while observing the rules of agricultural technology.

Temperature regime

The flower grower has no control over the weather, so plants have to endure the temperature that nature gives. In hot climates, provide for partial shade in the heat, choosing a place when planting.

Watering plants

Germanic irises love water, but cannot stand waterlogging. On wet soils, drainage must be provided for them so that the water does not stagnate at the roots. Sprinkling irises do not like irises, so water must be supplied directly to the root zone.

In the warm season, plants are watered regularly, preventing the topsoil from drying out, where the roots of irises are located. At the end of summer and autumn, watering is reduced so that root rot does not develop.

On soils that easily lose moisture, watering is best done in the evening, so that the plants have time to use the water as much as possible.

Top dressing and fertilization

Some growers believe that irises can grow without additional fertilizing, especially if the soil is fertile and well filled with nutrients. But still, it will not be superfluous to feed the flowers, starting from the second year after planting.

Usually 3 dressings are done:

• in the spring, when growing leaves, you can give nitrogen fertilizer 10 g per sq. m; it is good to feed the irises with ash at this time - Art. spoon on the plant;
• after 2-3 weeks, top dressing is done with a complete mineral fertilizer - 15 g of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium per 1 sq. m;
• during flowering, irises need phosphorus and potassium at 20 g per sq. m.

All dressings must be applied in liquid form, dry fertilizers can burn the surface roots of plants.

Pruning

After flowering, all peduncles are cut off. In August, the leaves are cut off by 1/3 of the length. The same is done when planting or transplanting plants.

Transfer

German irises need it quite often. Without it, the flowers become smaller, and the flowering itself becomes weak. With good care, bearded irises grow very quickly, and a transplant may be required as early as 4-5 years. Transplanting is carried out in the same way as planting new plants, dividing the rhizomes into parts and removing decayed and dead ones. Plants are kept in a solution of potassium permanganate for about 15 minutes, then all sections are treated with charcoal.

Planting irises in the old place is possible only after 4 years, so that pathogens do not accumulate.

Autumn care, preparation for winter

In the fall, watering is reduced.All diseased and dried leaves, as well as decayed parts of rhizomes are removed. Sprinkle all the bare roots with sand. Mulch the soil around the plants with peat in a layer of 10 cm.If winters are frosty and with little snow, you may need to cover with spruce branches, especially for hybrid varieties.

Reproduction of irises

Irises need to be propagated only vegetatively, since sowing seeds does not guarantee that a flower similar to the mother will grow. Propagated in the spring, using the annual link - the shoot of the rhizome with a fan of leaves. It is desirable that their number is not less than 7. In this case, the plant will bloom the next year. You can divide the bush completely by digging it up and washing the roots. And you can carefully separate part of the rhizome with a fan of leaves without disturbing the rest of the plant. Sections in all cases are treated with ash or brilliant green. If, after full division, healthy links remain without leaves, they can be grown up in a school. Such plants will bloom only in the fifth year.

Sometimes dormant buds are used to propagate rare varieties. They are cut from the ends of the rhizomes so that the segment forms a wedge. Sprinkle the cut with charcoal. The planted bud will wake up and give a full fan of leaves next year.

All planting material used for reproduction is well dried before planting.

Pests, diseases and methods of dealing with them

Most often, irises are annoyed by root rot, rust and spotting. The rotted rhizome is dug up, damaged areas are removed to healthy tissue and treated with 2% foundation. If the rhizome has completely rotted, the plant is thrown away. Preventive foundation treatments will greatly reduce the risk of disease. They are carried out every time the roots are disturbed: during transplantation and reproduction.

To eliminate rust and spotting, plants are treated with 1% Bordeaux liquid in spring and autumn.

There are few pests of irises. Against the scoop, gnawing flower stalks, at the beginning of the growing season, plants are treated with 10% karbofos. Do this twice with an interval of 2 weeks.

Slugs are fought with metaldehyde at a dosage of 30 g of granules for every 10 sq. m. You can also collect them manually.

In order not to bring in with organic matter the larvae of May beetles, gnawing at the roots, sift humus. Medvedka can be scared off by planting marigolds next to the irises.

Thrips and spider mites are destroyed with insecticides and acaricides, for example, Fufanon, Aktellik, Fitoverm.

Possible growing problems

There are not many of them.

• Few leaves in the fan, which is why flowering is delayed. Possible root rot or violation of agricultural technology.
• Irises do not bloom. The following factors may be to blame: planting too deep, freezing of flower buds in winter, insufficient lighting, strong growth of rhizomes.

The variety of species and varieties allows any grower to choose an iris to his liking. This bright and majestic flower will adorn any flower garden.

Named after the goddess of the rainbow Iris, these luxurious flowers bloom in all their glory at the beginning of summer, delight us with the most varied natural variations in shades and shapes, as well as a pronounced fresh aroma. Caring for a beautiful plant is easy, so you don't have to be persuaded to buy it. However, not every gardener knows that irises can be grown from bulbs. In order for the iris to grow in an amicable way and flaunt in your garden, familiarize yourself with the conditions for the correct planting of bulbous irises in open ground in spring and autumn.

Varieties and varieties of bulbous irises: descriptions and nuances of care and cultivation

As a rule, irises are self-rooted plants, they are also called rhizome, but there are also bulbous flowers. Despite the fact that outwardly they are very similar and it is almost impossible to distinguish them, planting and caring for them are somewhat different.

Bulbous irises include 3 distinct genera, each with its own characteristics: xyphium, iridodictium, and juno.

Xiphium

These bulbous irises got this name due to the shape of their leaves, reminiscent of swords (from the Greek "xiphium" - "sword"), respectively, they are narrow and elongated.

By the way! The northwest of the Mediterranean coast is considered the birthplace of xyphyums, therefore, without digging, they can only be grown in warm and dry southern regions. It is obligatory to dig in the middle lane (Moscow region).

The shape of flowers in xyphyums is the simplest of all bulbous irises, but rather large - up to 10 centimeters in diameter. The height of the flowers themselves is from 30 to 80 centimeters.

The inflorescences of these irises have purple, blue, blue, yellow or white flowers. You can often find a two-tone color. It all depends on what specific species and variety you purchase.

Interesting! Xyphyum is also called Dutch iris.

Iridodictium (Iridodictyum) or reticulated (reticulata)

Such a complex name ("Iridodictium") got these bulbous flowers because of the bright (variegated) color of their inflorescences (from the Greek "iris" - "rainbow") and the structure of the upper layer of the bulbs, which, as it were, in a mesh (from the Greek. "Diction" - "grid"), so they are sometimes called mesh.

The place of active growth is the mountainous area of ​​Central Asia and the Western Urals, as well as the Caucasus and the Balkans. Actually, therefore, they are the most adaptable to difficult conditions, for example, the same middle zone (Moscow region), and theoretically they can be grown in one place for 4-5 years without digging for the summer.

Iridodictiums are quite miniature in size. In height, they can reach no more than 15 cm, the diameter of the flowers is about 5-7 cm. The leaves of these bulbous flowers are narrow and tough, appear simultaneously with the buds. A distinctive feature of iridodictiums is their amazing, one might even say, exotic flowers, which not only have a very unusual color, but they still smell pleasantly, possessing a very rich aroma.

As a rule, the period of flowering of iridodictiums falls on March-April, the period is about 2 weeks.

Juno

It is not hard to guess where these bulbous irises got their name from. Yes, that's right, in honor of the name of the Roman goddess Juno, who was considered the main patroness of women.

They are very widespread in the Caucasus Mountains, in Asia Minor and Central Asia, in South Africa, as well as in the Mediterranean. Therefore, along with iridodictiums, junons are considered quite viable and can grow safely up to 4-5 years in the same place without digging and transplanting.

Depending on the species (they are most widely represented - 40 species, iridodictium - 11, and xyphium - only 6 species), the height of plants can vary within 10-50 centimeters.

The structure of the juno is the most unusual among all bulbous irises: the leaves grow in several rows on the trunk, and flowers appear from the axils of these leaves, as well as at the top of the stem.

Their inflorescences, as a rule, can be white, yellow, purple and lilac in color. And some species have a very pleasant smell.

In most cases, junons bloom a little later than reticulated irises, that is, in April-May, but longer, somewhere in 2-3 weeks.

By the way! Juno is very fond of drystony places, that is, she practically does not need any additional watering.

When to plant bulbous irises: optimal timing

The optimal planting time for bulbous irises is late summer - early autumn. In general, it is better to plant small-bulbous ones a little earlier, because with a shallow planting, the bulbs can suffer with a sharp drop in temperature, so it is better to give them more time for rooting.

So, in the middle lane (Moscow region), irises are best planted in late August - early September, and in warm southern regions, the procedure can be postponed to October, which definitely cannot be done in the Urals and Siberia.

However, it often happens that in early spring (or at the end of winter - in February) iris bulbs appear on sale, you cannot restrain yourself and buy them, or they are presented to you. What to do in this case?

Important! It will hardly be possible to save them until autumn, because they will either dry out, or rot, or simply grow out.

To plant bulbous irises in the spring and try to get them to bloom already this season, you can try to simulate the cooling period, namely: put in the refrigerator in a box or in some kind of container (and so that the sprouts, if they sprout, look up, and not bent), or put it in a pot of earth and put it on the balcony or in the same refrigerator. And then land in April-May.

By the way! According to gardeners, irises planted in spring most often really bloom this year, but only in summer.

Video: planting bulbous irises in a pot

How to plant bulbous irises in open ground: rules and recommendations

In order to successfully and effectively grow your favorite flowers, you must consistently and clearly follow the following rules and recommendations.

Planting site and soil

It is optimal for bulbous irises to choose a well-lit, sunny and calm place, without access to drafts, in light partial shade. Like all bulbous, lowlands (in which moisture will accumulate in the spring) and areas with too close groundwater are categorically unsuitable for planting. Excessive moisture is harmful to the bulbs.

For planting spring bulbous irises, choose places near your home or near garden paths so that they often come across your eyes during their short flowering. A rock garden or rocky garden is perfect. It is beautiful to plant them next to other bulbs blooming in early spring, for example, with the same crocuses, daffodils, tulips.

With crocuses

As for the soil, it is good to plant these bulbous dogs in light, permeable and fertile soil with neutral acidity.

Preparing the bulbs

If you do not want your iris bulbs, God forbid, to rot, then before planting, hold them in a solution of potassium permanganate or a special fungicide for etching, such as "Maxim Dachnik" or "Fundazol".

Direct landing

Step-by-step instructions for planting bulbous irises in open ground:

1. Decide on the best place for growing.
2. Prepare planting holes and soil. Make drainage (pour a small layer of sand), if necessary (for loose soil, it is not needed).
3. The planting depth of iris bulbs is 3 bulb heights, that is, about 5-8 cm.
4. The distance between the iris bulbs is 2-3 bulb diameters (6-10 cm). But if you want to get a beautiful bouquet, then plant it closer.
5. Place the bulbs on the bottom of the hole and press them lightly into the ground (or sand).
6. Cover with fertile soil.
7. Drizzle slightly with water.
8. Cover with compost or peat.

How to care for bulbous irises outdoors

In principle, there is nothing difficult in the care and cultivation of bulbous irises, but some standard garden manipulations still have to be remembered and carried out.

Watering

Bulbous irises require moderate watering. It is especially important not to forget to water the plant in dry weather (including in the fall after planting, if there is no rain at all), namely during the period of their active growth, that is, during the formation of buds and direct flowering. At the end of flowering, watering is no longer required. Flowers now need period dry rest.

Advice! If you do not want an unaesthetic earth crust to form around the irises after watering, then do not forget to loosen the soil.

Top dressing

If you want a brighter and more lush bloom, then you should fertilize the irises several times in the spring.

• So, during the first feeding, which should be performed immediately after removing the shelter, that is, even in the very early spring, at the beginning of the growing season, you need to make nitrogen fertilizer (a small content of potassium and phosphorus is also allowed).
• When will the period start budding, then the flower should be fed already potassium-phosphorus fertilizer (with big contentpotassium, the presence of nitrogen is also allowed).
• Straightaway after flowering should be done exclusivelyphosphorus-potassium top dressing.

Digging the bulbs

It is very important to dig up the iris bulbs in time, otherwise they can rot due to excessive moisture (rain). If tulips, as a rule, they are dug up only after their leaves turn yellow, then in the case of bulbous irises, you do not need to wait so long. It is optimal to get them out of the ground approximately 2 weeks after floweringwhen they just wilt slightly and begin to turn yellow. As a rule, this moment falls on the end of May - beginning of June.

Note! Irises do not need to be dug out for the summer if during this period you (in your climatic zone) have no rain at all, because they require a dry dormant period.

The dug iris bulbs should be disinfect in a pink solution of potassium permanganate or any other fungicide (for example, "Maxim Dachnik" or "Fundazol"), then as followsdry (2-3 weeks) and pput in storage in a dry room with good ventilation until a new autumn planting in open ground.

Important! As mentioned earlier, each genus of bulbous irises has its own characteristics of cultivation So,xyphyums should be dried at a higher temperature (+ 30-35 degrees), and Iridodictiums and Juno - medium enough (+ 20-25 degrees). In the last days of drying, the temperature should be lowered to + 15-18 degrees.

Shelter for the winter

If autumn is rainy, then so that the iris bulbs do not get wet from excessive moisture, they should be covered with something, for example, roofing felt or a plastic cake box.

If your winters are cold and snowless, spruce branches and dry leaves are suitable for a winter shelter, you can also cover it with spunbond or film. Especially the more thermophilic junons need shelter for the winter.

Important! Do not forget to remove the shelter in early spring (immediately after the snow melts).

Thus, the main care for bulbous irises in spring is to remove the shelter, water them (and loosen them after), top dressing and digging at the end of flowering.

To get a lot of positive from a delightful flower, you need to seriously think about the intricacies of planting and growing bulbous irises in the open field.

Video: features of planting and growing bulbous irises