Anemone Mr. Fokker planting and care in the open field

In the plots of many flower growers, you can find an anemone. Planting and caring for this plant is not difficult, the anemone is unpretentious and undemanding, therefore it is a frequent inhabitant of country flower beds. Many of this plant, which belongs to the buttercup family, is known as the "daughter of the winds." This name was given to the flower by the ancient Greeks. Visually, this perennial is very similar to a poppy.
In our country, undersized varieties that reach 30 cm in height are very popular. Tall varieties have also been bred, but in our climatic conditions they are rarely found. In total, there are more than 150 varieties of anemones. They differ in flowering time. It is this special feature that makes it possible for the owner of the site to become the owner of a beautiful flower bed, which will delight the eye throughout the summer season.

Anemone the most famous species and varieties with descriptions and photos

There are more than 150 varieties of these gorgeous flowers. Gardeners prefer:

• oak or white
• crown;
• forest;
• Japanese;
• tender.

Features of anemones tender

These plants look exquisite, grow to a height of 5 or 10 cm, and usually bloom from 14 to 21 days. They bloom by mid-May. At the end of this month, the leaves of this culture will gradually wither. They are gone in June. This is why it is worth planting an anemone around large perennials. This will be the ideal location as they start to grow at the end of May. Anemone tender will feel great in the soil, where there is high-quality drainage and sand. Anemone tender loves places where there is a lot of sun, or partial shade.

Very famous and popular varieties of this type:

• Variety ‘Blue Shades’, which means ‘Blue Shadow’ - flowers of light blue shades;
• Sort ‘Sharmer’ - color of flowers is dark pink;

Photo: Anemone tender Blue Shades and Charmer

• Variety 'Pink Star', translated as 'Pink Star' - flowers have pink-lavender colors;
• The ‘Radar’ variety - with purple-red flowers, inside which the snow-white center stands out effectively;

Photo: Anemone tender Pink Star and Radar

• The cultivar 'Rosea', translated as 'Pink' - has unusually pink-lilac flowers
• The cultivar 'Violet Star' means 'Lilac Star' - the flower has a white center, and the petals are colored amethyst-purple.

Photo: Anemone tender varieties Violet Star and Rosea

Features of the crown anemones

It is not for nothing that this species is considered to be the queen among other representatives of the anemone genus.She has the largest (diameter can reach 8 cm) and the brightest flowers of different colors. There are colors: blue, red, pink, crimson shades. Terry forms impress with their appearance! These are all the "pluses" of the crown anemones.
There are also disadvantages. Since this species is a "native" from the Mediterranean, placed in the conditions of the middle zone, in winter it does not differ in stability, and it will bloom very modestly. In southern countries, bushes can grow up to 45 cm in height, and in our country they reach only 15-20 cm, no more.

Varieties of crown anemone:

• Bridget Mix - flowers reach 30-40 cm in height. The color is varied. The surface of the flowers can be either double or semi-double.
• Admiral - flowers of deep pink-violet shades, framed by emerald foliage;

Photo: Anemone crown varieties The Admiral and Brigid Mix

• Mount Everest is a snow-white beauty with double flowers up to 45 cm in height;
• Mr. Fokker - flowers of lilac or blue tones, similar to poppies;

Anemone crown varieties Mount Everest and Mr-Fokker

• Governor - flowers of a ruby-red hue, at the base of the petals - a white border with black stamens;
• De caen - non-double, in a variety of shades;

Anemone crown varieties The Governor and De Caen

• Bicolor - spectacular snow-white flowers inside hide a rich pink center;
• Holland (popularly called "anemone") - has a saucer-like shape, wide red petals, a white center. It can easily be confused with poppy seeds;
• Sylphide - enchants with the beauty of the unusual shape of the petals, which have a bright pink-lilac color.

Photo: Anemone crown varieties Hollandia and BicolorAnemone crown Sylphide cultivar

Distinctive features of the oak anemones, or white

This "representative" of the anemones shows the beauty of its bloom for 21-30 days in spring. The oak anemone begins to bloom at the end of April, and ends somewhere in the middle of May. Bushes do not grow higher than 20-30 cm. Flowers usually have a diameter of 2 cm to 3.5 cm. Varieties of this species of anemone, which have snow-white flowers, are quite common. But they have already bred varieties where the flowers have pink, purple, bluish shades. Common and velvety species are also found.
By the beginning of summer, it is noticeable how the leaves of the anemones are slowly turning yellow, and at the height of summer the leaves are gone. Oak anemones have such "pluses": the ability to survive and undemanding to care.

Japanese anemone or hybrid

Bushes can grow up to 40 cm in height. A distinctive feature of the buds of Japanese anemones is juicy saturated or pale tones, which are presented in a wide range of colors. The leaves are dark in color. The buds are not on their own, but in groups that form loose inflorescences

Forest anemone

The bushes are dense. Their height does not exceed 50 cm. The buds do not gather in inflorescences (each on its own). There are common and terry. The flower can reach a diameter of 5 to 6 cm. There are varieties with a flower diameter of 8 cm. Large leaves have long petioles.

Photo: Japanese anemone or hybridWhite oak and white terry anemoneForest anemone

How anemone reproduces

Seed propagation

Many anemones do not grow from seeds. Since the embryos in the seeds of these plants are small, not very developed, this leads to slow growth, most often only for 2 or 3 years. In order for the seeds to develop normally, they need a periodic change in soil temperatures.

When the conditions are ideal, most of these plants will self-seed. A large number of seedlings can be observed in the Central regions of the Russian Federation in almost all types of anemones. This does not apply to these types:

• tender;
• apennine;
• Caucasian.

Some gardeners living within the Moscow region have observed self-seeding even in these species. You can get a large number of seedlings by creating the necessary conditions for the flowers. The most important thing is to keep the seeds fresh.Then the result will be the best.

Recommendations

It is advisable to sow the seeds as soon as they have been harvested.

Usually, this occurs in early or mid-summer, when early flowering species bloom. This requires a box with fertilized soil, which has been loosened in advance. The boxes are dug into the ground in a shady place to avoid drying out the soil. The soil in the boxes must be covered with felled branches.

At the end of autumn, you can also sow seeds in boxes that have been dug in beforehand. The use of boxes makes it possible to store single seeds. When the seeds have been planted in summer or fall, they will sprout next year, in the spring.

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In the seeds of anemone with long roots (this applies to Altai, oak, Amur) for 1 year of life, only a small root appears, which has a bud at the top. Over time, the rhizome grows in size, becoming like a real mature root. Branches begin to branch out from the root.

After 6-9 years, the first root dies off, and the lateral shoots become detached. Thus, the process of natural vegetative reproduction is carried out.

In the summer, after the dying off of the upper (aboveground) part, the root decomposes. In 1 year, the root grows by several centimeters (from 3 to 4). The rhizome begins to grow when the plant blooms (in May). At the end of summer (in August), a bud appears in the upper part of the rhizome with an embryo of a shoot, which will grow next year. There are many additional shoots on the root, which go into the ground to a depth of 10 cm. The root goes deep into the ground up to 5 cm. Since the root is not very deep in the soil, anemone can hardly tolerate the lack of moisture in the soil, and when the soil hardens.

A distinctive feature of the forest anemones is that its seeds begin to germinate faster than other species. Its seeds, planted in mid-summer, can sprout in September this year. Once the seeds of the anemone have been harvested, they are planted in moist, loose soil.

Then the sown seeds are covered with fresh moss or other material that prevents the soil from drying out. As soon as the leaves of the emerged seedlings dry up, their tubers are dug out (carefully) and stored in a room with good ventilation and humidity.

In anemones of the species "long-haired" and "daffodil-flowered" seeds ripen closer to July (or even to August). They should also be planted in boxes at the end of the autumn season. Next year, in the spring, they will give seeds.

Anemone differs from other plants in that its seeds germinate for a very long time. Only 1 part of the planted seeds germinates.

If sufficient watering is provided, the seeds that appear will develop well, and most of them will bloom in 2-3 years. Long-haired and daffodil anemone seeds grow longer than all species (3 or 4 years).

Reproduction of anemones by tubers and rhizomes, bulbs

Often, anemones reproduce in a vegetative way: by shoots of roots, by dividing a tuber, a bush.
Reproduction using the shoots of a long branching root occurs in anemones belonging to the following species:

• flexible
• buttercup;
• Altai;
• smooth;
• Udi;
• Amur;
• shadow;
• Radde;
• oak.

When the plant has bloomed and has been dug up, its roots are themselves divided into separate segments (segments). Each segment is an annual increase. Additional antennae appear on individual roots and buds are formed for a new stem.In many of the above species of anemone, these buds are already forming by the middle of summer. This indicates that in a year the transplanted plant will develop and bloom well.

Anemones with tuberous roots multiply by splitting the tuber. This method is typical for:

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• apennine;
• crown;
• tender;
• Caucasian species of anemone.

Each branch of the tuber should have a bud, and preferably several, with a part of the tuber. This is the time when the anemones are at the end of their "sleepy state", in August.

For representatives with a vertical root (daffodil, long-haired), such a method of reproduction is characteristic as dividing the bush. The optimal time for this is March, when shoots grow, and August. Each part that divides should have several buds and a root segment. In fertilized and loose soil, they take root in the shortest possible time.

Those anemone that can produce root suckers reproduce by means of a sucker rod with a bud. This method is typical for forked, Canadian, forest, hybrid, forked anemone. They breed in March or August. The root process is formed from additional buds located on the rhizome. They appear in large quantities in anemones at the end of flowering. For planting a large number of plants, cuttings of roots are used.

Advice

The best time for cutting an anemone bush is the period when the flower is just beginning to grow, or in a state of "sleep", in August.

During the awakening of the plant, in spring, the rhizome grows intensively. Even at this time, of the total number of planted cuttings of anemones, only half, or even less, will take root. If you choose this breeding method, then the forest anemone or canadian anemone is best suited. Cuttings of these flowers take root by 75%.

At the beginning of spring, the plant from which the shoots are taken must be dug, washed the roots, and cut off next to the neck of the rhizome. The "donor" plant is returned to its place. It usually takes root quickly and recovers its strength during the growing season.
The roots of the anemone, which were separated from the plant - "donor", are divided into separate cuttings. They should be between 5 and 6 cm in size.

Advice

You can speed up the emergence of roots by using growth stimulants. For example, the preparation of epin is effective, with which it is advisable to process cuttings.

Divided cuttings should be planted in a pot containing loose soil. For soil use: peat soil mixture, loam, sand. When filling the pot with soil, they try to compact it so that the soil is at least 2 cm below the upper level of the pot.

This soil prevents the cuttings from drying out, keeps them in the correct position, and helps maintain good air access. During the re-growth period, good access to the plant of nutrients will be provided. Cuttings should not be closer than 4 cm to each other. The upper edge of the cutting should be flush with the soil. Then the soil is lightly pressed (with your fingers). From above, the soil is covered with sand.

It is advisable to place the pots in a greenhouse, or to bury them in the ground in a shady place, covering them with plastic. Often it is not worth watering, as the planted cuttings can begin to rot, which will lead to their death. It is recommended to water more often only when a stem with leaves has appeared. After this has happened, an additional rhizome appears at the stem. After that, the polyethylene is removed. A year later, you can plant anemones in a flower bed.

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Video: how to prepare an anemone for planting in the ground (germination)

Anemones - planting in open ground

Selection of a place for a flower bed

Before planting anemones in open ground, you should decide on the place where it will be most comfortable for them to grow. It is necessary to take into account the lighting features for different types of anemones:

1. Varieties of anemone, which in their natural habitat are accustomed to growing in the shade, then they need to create the same conditions in the flower bed. Love the shadow is typical for Altai, Amur, flexible, buttercup, oak, shadow, smooth anemone. These flowers will grow magnificently in the northern part of the site, or under trees with a spreading crown.
2. In areas where the shade is moderate, it will be comfortable: forest anemone, canadian and forked. In nature, these flowers grow in forests where there is a lot of sunshine and in forest glades. Usually, flower beds for growing these flowers are built in the east of the site.
3. Sunny color is vital: crown, tender, Apennine anemone. The south side is ideal for these varieties. These species should not be heavily watered as they are used to moderate moisture intake.

What should be the soil for growing anemone flowers

There are few varieties of this culture that would not like tender, loose, moist soil. Before planting the anemone, it is necessary to prepare the soil. In order for the structure to be most suitable, the soil is mixed in such a way that it includes: sand, earth and small stones. It is also advisable to use brick chips. In such soil, the air will easily pass, ensuring good circulation of water, it will not allow the roots to rot.

Caucasian, Apennine and crown anemones need an alkaline soil. For all other varieties, a neutral and slightly acidic soil composition is suitable. The most unpretentious species is the forest anemone. The soil for it should not contain a lot of sand.

Species, whose roots are tuberous, need soil, the acidity of which does not exceed 8 units. If the acidity exceeds this indicator, then fine charcoal is added to the soil. Before planting the tubers, the soil is mixed with wood ash. So that the acidity of the soil does not increase during the growth of flowers, this operation is carried out periodically. To do this, cover the beds with ash and loosen the soil.

Video: how to plant anemones tubers in a pot

How anemones are transplanted into open ground

Spring is the time when it is necessary to transplant the shoots of anemone roots: hybrid, forest, Canadian, forked. As soon as the sprouts become visible on the soil surface, it is necessary to dig out the bush itself. Then separate the additional emerging root with a sprout, and then transplant to a pre-selected place with soft, fertilized soil. You can transplant flowers in the fall, but the effectiveness will be low.

These species do not tolerate transplantation well. Many transplanted processes die. In particular, this applies to the hybrid anemone. In spring, you can plant anemone with small roots (daffodil, long-haired). Usually, flower growers plant tubers in the ground, which were removed indoors for the winter.

Anemone - ephemeroids are planted only in summer, after the end of May flowering. Then a bud appears at the root, which will sprout next year.

If you take a part of the root with a bud, and then plant it in a prepared place, then the sprout will take root 100%. The sprout is dug into the ground to a depth of 5 cm. The transplanted sprout should not be watered immediately. Roots taken out of the ground do not dry out.Here it is important to catch the moment when the plant has already bloomed, but has not yet dried up.

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Important!

If this moment is missed, the transplant will not be successful, since the plant has passed into a dormant state.

Those plants that were transplanted this year, next year, in spring, will bloom.

Caring for anemone flowers

It is important to monitor the moisture level of the soil in which the anemones grow. High humidity can cause roots to rot. But the lack of moisture will also "kill" the roots. It is important to observe the "golden mean" here.

If the humidity is high, then drainage is done in the soil. If it is low, you need mulch. Wet fallen leaves, peat, and special mixtures are used as this material. Mulch will not allow moisture to evaporate, prevent weeds.

Anemones are best suited for the foliage of apple trees, pears, plums, etc. The layer should be approximately 5 cm thick.

For fertilization, drugs are used, which include a complex of minerals. They are used only during the period when the anemones are blooming. If the soil has been well fertilized in advance, then you can not use these mineral complexes.

In Central Russia, all varieties of anemone are left for the winter in the open air. In advance, the height of the mulch layer is increased by 3 times. The mulch is covered with spruce branches and tree branches. If the region has a harsh climate, the roots are dug out of the soil for the winter. Store in a cool place. Tuberous varieties are very afraid of frost.

The name of the plant anemone (Anemone), or anemone comes from the Greek word, which means "daughter of the winds". The fact is that even from the slightest gust of wind, the petals of such a plant begin to flutter. This herbaceous perennial is a member of the Buttercup family. In nature, it can be found in regions with a temperate climate of both hemispheres, while it prefers to grow in mountainous regions and on plains. There are about 160 species that bloom in different ways and at different times, which is why even growers with considerable experience are often confused.

Growing features

There are a large number of species and varieties of anemones, while some of them are unpretentious to growing conditions, while others, on the contrary, should be provided with special care. And the thing is that some species are tuberous, while others are rhizomatous. It is the rhizome species that are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and ease of care, while the tuberous ones can suffer greatly if they are not properly looked after. There are several features of growing such a flower that you need to know:

1. In dry and very hot weather, they must be watered.
2. In autumn, flowers should be fed with complex mineral fertilizers, and organic matter should be introduced into the soil before planting and in the process of active growth or flowering.
3. To prevent the plants from freezing, in winter they should be covered with a layer of fallen leaves.
4. The easiest way to propagate this plant is by seeds, while they are sown before winter, or by root suckers in spring.

Preparing for planting anemone

How to prepare the ground

Before proceeding with the direct planting of the anemones, you should find the most suitable site, and also prepare the ground. A suitable area should be spacious, in partial shade and protected from drafts. A strongly growing rhizome is very fragile, even contact can harm them. In addition, excessive heat, as well as a draft, can harm these flowers. The soil should be loose, nutritious and well-drained.The best option is deciduous soil or loam with peat. To make the soil loose, ordinary sand should be poured into it. If the soil is acidic, then this can be corrected by adding wood ash or dolomite flour.

How to prepare seeds

When growing anemones from seeds, it must be remembered that they have an extremely low germination rate. About ¼ of the seeds will be able to germinate, while they must be freshly harvested. To increase the percentage of germination of seeds, they must be stratified, they are placed in a cold place for 4–8 weeks. To do this, combine the seeds with peat or coarse sand (1: 3), the mixture must be abundantly moistened. Then it is sprayed with water every day to keep it moist all the time. After the seeds are swollen, they must be combined with a small amount of the substrate, everything is well mixed and abundantly sprayed with water. Then the seeds are harvested in a well-ventilated room, where it should not be warmer than 5 degrees. A few days after the sprouts appear, the bowl with the seeds must be transferred to the yard, where it is buried in snow or in the soil, the surface is sprinkled with straw or sawdust. At the very beginning of spring, transplant the seeds into boxes so that they germinate. If there is no desire to bother too much with the cultivation of anemones, then in the fall, sow the seeds in containers filled with loose soil. Then the boxes should be buried in the yard, while on top they are covered with cut branches. In winter, they will undergo natural stratification. In springtime, the seeds should be removed from the soil and planted.

Preparing anemone tubers

Before planting anemone tubers, they should be awakened from sleep. To do this, they are immersed in lukewarm water for several hours to swell. Then they are planted in pots filled with a moistened substrate consisting of sand and peat, they need to be buried only 50 mm. The potted substrate must be systematically moistened with moderate moisture. Also, before planting, the tubers can be "soaked", for this they are wrapped with a cloth, which is abundantly moistened with an epin solution and put in a polyethylene bag, where they must stay for 6 hours. The tubers prepared in this way can be immediately planted in open soil.

Planting anemones in open ground

It is relatively easy to plant anemone tubers in open soil, but it is imperative to determine the growth point. If the tubers are pre-processed and allowed to swell, the buds will become clearly distinguishable, so you can understand how to plant them correctly. If there are doubts about the location of the growing point, then it should be borne in mind that the top of the tuber is always flat, so they must be planted down with the sharp end. If the tuber has a non-standard shape, then it must be planted with the side.

The depth of the pit should be about 0.15 m, and its diameter should reach 0.3–0.4 m. One handful of wood ash and humus should be poured into the hole, then a tuber is placed in it. It is covered with soil, which is tamped a little. The planted tubers need abundant watering.

Planting anemone seeds

Seedlings should be planted that have at least two true leaf plates. Seedlings are planted in open soil in light shade in the second year of growth. When planting in autumn, the surface of the site must be covered with foliage or branches. The first flowering of an anemone, which was grown from seeds, will come only after 3 years.

When planting tubers or seeds, given the timing, it is quite possible to ensure that the flowering of these plants lasts from April to November. To do this, you need to purchase various varieties, then they are planted at the recommended time for each of them.

Anemone care

Caring for an anemone is very simple. The most important thing is to ensure the correct moisture level throughout the growing season. If the soil is waterlogged, then rot may appear on the roots, which will lead to the death of the entire bush.If there is not enough moisture, especially during the formation of buds, this will negatively affect the growth and flowering of the plant. To achieve the optimal level of humidity, such a flower must be planted on a hill, while the site must have good drainage. It is recommended to cover the surface of the area with planted anemones with a layer of mulch (peat or leaves of fruit trees), its thickness is about 50 mm.

Watering

In springtime, such flowers need to be watered once every 7 days. If it rains regularly in the summer, then you do not need to water the anemones, with the exception of the crown anemones when it blooms. If it is dry and hot in summer, then watering is carried out every morning and evening after the sun goes down.

Top dressing

During the flowering period, such a plant should be provided with organic feeding (only fresh manure cannot be used). And in the fall, you need to feed them with a complex mineral fertilizer. If all the necessary fertilizers were added to the soil during planting, then there is no need to feed the anemone at all.

You should also systematically loosen the soil and pull out weeds, while a hoe cannot be used for weeding, since there is a risk of injury to the fragile system of flower roots.

Diseases and pests

This plant is resistant to disease. Snails or slugs can settle on the bushes. They must be picked by hand and the plants themselves are sprayed with metaldehyde. Sometimes leaf nematodes or caterpillars of the scoop (winter worm) settle on the bushes. Bushes infected with a nematode must be dug up and burned, while the soil on the site must be replaced.

Anemone breeds

Such a flower can be propagated by dividing the rhizome, seeds, tubers, or dividing the bush. How to grow an anemone from seeds and propagate with tubers is described in detail above. To divide the rhizomes in the spring, they must be removed from the soil and divided into parts, the length of which should be 50 mm. A kidney should be present on each cut, they are planted in loose soil, placed horizontally and buried by only 50 mm. Such an anemone will be fully mature only after 3 years. If the plant is 4 or 5 years old, then it can be transplanted with the division of the bush.

After flowering

When growing anemones in mid-latitudes in the fall, they need to be dug up and prepared for wintering. For dried tubers, it is necessary to remove the aboveground part, then they are buried in sand or peat and stored in a cool dark room, for example, in a non-damp basement. If it is assumed that there will be no frost in winter, then the flowers can be left in the soil. For this, the surface of the site must be covered with a thick layer of loose leaves or covered with spruce branches, which will save the plants from frost.

Types of anemone with photos and names

Both in natural conditions and in culture, a fairly large number of species and varieties of anemones grow. Below is a description of the most popular of them.

All types of flowering time are divided into spring and autumn (summer). Spring species are distinguished by their elegance and variety of colors, while they are painted in bed colors, for example: cream, blue, snow white, pink, lilac, etc. There are terry varieties.

Spring species are ephemeroids with a very short aerial flowering cycle. They wake up in April, amicable flowering is observed in May, while in July they begin a dormant period, while the foliage of most species does not fade until autumn.

Also, anemones are divided according to the type of rhizome, for example, the tender anemone has a slow-growing tuberous rhizome, and the oak and buttercup anemone has a jointed rhizome, which is distinguished by its fragility.

Anemone blanda

Such a miniature plant reaches a height of only 5 to 10 centimeters. The most popular varieties are: Blue Shades (blue), Charmer (pink), White Splendor (white).

Anemone nemorosa

This species is relatively low in popularity among mid-latitude gardeners. The bush reaches a height of 0.2 to 0.3 m. Simple flowers have a diameter equal to 20–40 mm, as a rule, they are painted white, but there are varieties whose flowers have lilac, blue and pink colors. There are terry varieties. The main feature of this species is its unpretentiousness.

Anemone ranunculoides

This unpretentious species also has terry varieties. The bush reaches a height of 20 to 25 centimeters. The rich yellow flowers are somewhat smaller than those of the oak anemone. This species can be grown in almost any soil.

Autumn (summer) anemones include the following types: anemone japanese (Anemone japonica), anemone hybrid (Anemone hybrida) and crown anemone (Anemone coronaria).

Most often these are large perennial plants with a well-branched powerful root system. Flowering is observed from the last summer weeks to mid-autumn. The flowering of crown anemone is observed twice per season: in the first summer weeks and in autumn. Autumn species have slender and powerful peduncles, which reach 0.8–1 m in height, and several dozen semi-double or simple flowers of various colors are located on them. The most popular are the following varieties of crown anemones:

• anemone de caen - simple single flowers of various colors;
• Mr Fokker - the color of the flowers is blue.

Terry anemone has varieties such as Lord Jim with blue flowers and Don Juan with deep red flowers. Popular varieties of hybrid anemones are: Honorine Jobert - white flowers, slightly pink below; Profusion - semi-double flowers of dark purple color; Queen Charlotte - semi-double flowers of deep pink color. The most popular are the following varieties of Japanese anemones: Pamina - large double flowers are painted in a dark pink, almost burgundy color; Hadspen Abundance is a tall plant with cream colored flowers; Prinz Heinrich - deep pink semi-double flowers.

Anemone Sant Bridget is a prominent representative of the crown anemone, which captivates all gardeners with a variety of species and touching beauty. Another name for this plant is anemone. The crown anemone is considered a gentle princess among spring flowers. It includes several species, each of which is interesting in its own way, has its own advantages, although the cultivation of these flowers causes some difficulties. Let's talk today about some types of crown anemone, about Bridget's anemone, about planting and caring for them.

Anemone crown: description of the species

Crown anemone is a capricious beauty who came to us from the Mediterranean. It is a perennial that blooms in early spring. It has delicate delicate leaves, a high stem (up to 35 cm). Propagated by tubers. Flowers of anemones are large, solitary, painted in bright shades. They can be violet-blue, scarlet, white, pink, greenish-white, lilac. This is the main difference between this crown species and the Japanese or hybrid anemone.

There are garden varieties that differ in double and semi-double flowers. The crown anemone begins to bloom in May. She pleases with her flowering for about one and a half months. In the south of Russia, the southern coast of Crimea, in the Caucasus, it can bloom from January to May. Most often it is used to create bright spots on flower beds, lawns, in mixborders. From this culture, beautiful bouquets are obtained, after a long winter, the riot of colors of this garden plant amazes the eye, bewitches.

Anemone is a thermophilic plant; even under cover in a harsh winter, the flower can freeze. Therefore, it requires special care during the winter. In addition to the southern coast of Crimea, the Caucasus, the anemone is dug up for storage.In the summer, after the leaves die off, the anemones tubers are removed from the soil, stored in sand, sawdust, peat or soil mixture. The storage temperature is + 15 ... + 20 ° C, until autumn comes, until spring the tubers are stored at a temperature of + 3 ... + 5 ° C. Planting is done in the soil only when the frost has already stopped, otherwise you need to make a small greenhouse so that the plant does not freeze.

The crown anemone is only demanding on the planting and storage of tubers. She is practically not afraid of diseases and pests, if you follow the rules of cultivation. For planting, only a sunny place for a flower bed is suitable, which is reliably protected from cold winds. Loves loose soils, nutritious, well-drained, light. Waterlogging of the soil is not allowed, otherwise the tubers will rot and the plant will die. Anemones put up well with a lack of moisture. During the budding period, watering is required, only when there is no rain at all. Plants at this time must be fed with mineral fertilizer. It is not recommended to apply organic fertilizers before planting.

This type of anemones propagates by seeds and by separating lateral nodules. Plants that are trying to grow with seeds will delight with their beauty only after 2-3 years. Seeds are sown in greenhouses in early spring. Shoots should be shaded. If the crops sprout too thickly, a dive is carried out. When growing an anemone from seeds, you need to take into account that you can get more plants with pale colored flowers.

Anemone crown: main varieties

Anemone has been cultivated since the 16th century. Since then, this culture has undergone many changes. Breeders have developed many varieties of hybrid origin. The most common varieties are:

Variety Sant Bridget. This variety of terry anemones reaches a height of 30 cm, it is small-leaved, but a single flower is very large - up to 10 cm in diameter. Most often it is red, but there are lilac, blue, blue flowers of semi-double or double shape. There are varieties in which the petals are not of the same color, but with specks of a different color. Bridget blooms for only a few weeks, so you won't be able to admire these beautiful flowers for a long time.

De Caen. It is a non-double hybrid and can be grown both in the garden and at home. A plant with a resistant stem, a single flower with an amazing aroma is located on it. The culture blooms in May, the flower that appears is large enough. If you take proper care of the variety, you can get a tall plant (up to 70 cm), with beautiful flowers that will decorate any flower bed.

Don Juan. The variety is thermophilic, has a single flower, an even, strong stem. Unpretentious in maintenance, suitable for decorating garden plots. The bright red color of the flowers of this variety makes these plants look like poppies.

Mr. Fokker. A beautiful pale blue flower that pleases in April-May. The anemone will grow large if the plant is planted in warm, moist soil in a shaded area.

Admiral. The variety is used for forcing and cutting. The variety looks great in bouquets. The height of the stems reaches 25 cm, the leaves are emerald in color and jagged. The flower is large, bright red. The plant blooms in March-May.

Governor. This is a corm anemones. It blooms in summer. The flower is ruby-red in color, at the base of the petals have a pale cream border. The plant blooms for a long time - about 40 days. This variety needs to be watered frequently.

How to grow an anemone

Can an anemone be planted in spring? This is the best option, although some people prefer to plant the plants in November-October in a heated greenhouse.

Tuber preparation

To grow anemones Saint Bridget mix, you will need to prepare planting material. The tubers must be soaked in warm water, just do not immerse them entirely in the water, as they can rot by absorbing too much moisture. It is necessary to fill a container with a little warm water, moisten the cheesecloth and wrap the tubers. A couple of drops of anemone root stimulant can be added to the water to speed up the effect.Then the tubers are removed from the water, put in a polyethylene bag, and left for six hours.

Then a little soil is poured into the container, which is mixed in half with sand. The soil is moistened. Tubers are laid out on prepared soil, placed in a plastic bag, left in a cool place for germination. The earth must be kept moist at all times. The first roots will appear in 12-15 days. After small sprouts appear on the tuber, they can be transplanted into a separate pot.

Planting anemones

The sprouts should be planted in open ground when the room temperature and the outside temperature are equal. For planting, they choose a sunny place in advance, dig up the soil, and apply fertilizer. The tubers are planted in the ground to a depth of about 10 cm, leaving a gap of at least 15 cm between the holes. After planting, the hole must be watered abundantly. Planting can be done from July to September. This allows for prolonged flowering.

In regions with a mild climate and warm winters, anemones can be planted in autumn. Planted before winter, anemones will delight you with flowering in late spring or early summer. Experienced gardeners often use crown anemones for winter forcing. For this, the tubers are kept in wet sand for three days. Then they are planted in pots. Such disembarkation takes place from September to December. The tubers must be watered and placed in a cool place so that the temperature does not exceed 6 ° C. When shoots appear, the pots are placed in a bright but cool room (12 °). Water regularly.

Features of anemone care

Anemone Bridget, like other varieties of crown anemone, does not require complex care. But it is necessary to follow some rules to create favorable growing conditions necessary for long flowering and growth.

• Anemones love light, so they need sun to grow properly.
• On the hottest days, anemones need extra moisture. You just need to make sure that the water does not stagnate, this will destroy the plant. You need to spray the anemone at sunset or early in the morning.
• Spring anemones should be watered once a week. During bud formation, plants need to be watered daily. When it rains, additional moisture is not required.
• Mineral fertilizers are useful, they can be applied during the flowering period. If the soil was fertilized before planting the plant, fertilization can be omitted later.
• Mulching with peat or humus of fresh plantings has an excellent effect on the development of the plant. It is advisable to carry out mulching with fallen leaves of oak, maple, apple trees, linden. Plants will be provided with a good bedding of leaves, this will have a good effect on the condition of the anemone.
• During the period of active growth of leaves and stems, anemones are fed with fertilizers with nitrogen. You can prolong flowering by applying fertilizers rich in phosphorus, manganese and potassium. They are brought in during the laying of buds and the opening of flowers.
• Pruning anemones is needed when a bouquet is assembled from flowers. It is not necessary to prune the leaves after digging up for wintering. Do not touch the flower unless absolutely necessary, so as not to disrupt the natural development. Where the climate is mild, at the end of flowering, tall anemones are cut to ground level.
• The only attack that can infect anemone leaves is a nematode. Rusty spots appear on the leaves, if this happens, it is necessary to remove diseased plants, renew the infected soil.

• Anemone Sem. buttercup (Ranunculaceae).
• A. crown (A. coronaria L.). Blooms from June to October. Refers to ephemeroids - geophytes. Has a short rest period.
• In culture, it retains its characteristics of early spring growth and further prolonged dormancy. The rhizome of the anemone is poisonous.
• The aerial part of the plant consists of a rosette of basal petiole pinnately dissected leaves and flower stems (from 3 to 20 pcs.). The stem is simple, slightly hairy, 10–40 cm long, with a corolla of green sepals and one flower.
• The colors of the petals are varied - white, pink, scarlet, red, spotted and bicolor.
• Fruits are nutty, the seeds are small, pubescent. 1 gram contains 1100-1500 pcs. seeds.

Soil preparation

Digging is carried out to a depth of 30 cm 2-3 months before planting.

At the same time, fertilizers are applied:

• Organic;
• Potash;
• phosphoric.

The second digging is carried out 1-2 weeks before planting the plants, applying nitrogen fertilizers.

Application rates per 1 sq. m:

• manure - 5-6 kg per 1 sq. m;
• ammonium nitrate - 45 g;
• potassium salt - 45 g;
• superphosphate - 60 g.

In areas where water stagnation is possible, planting is carried out on ridges. The soil on them warms up better and earlier flowering is noted. Ridges twenty centimeters high provide runoff and good drainage. Preparation for planting must be completed 8-10 days before planting.

The soil should be permeable, moisture-absorbing, loose, fertile, with a pH of 6.0-7.0.

Preparing tubers for planting

Dry tubers germinate very slowly. To speed up this process:

1. They are soaked for a day in water or a solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Then incubated for 30 minutes in a 0.4% fungicide solution.

Instead, they are treated with hot water:

• sprouted tubers –30 min. at a temperature of 40 ° C;
• dry - 30 min - at 50 ° C.

However, it is believed that prolonged soaking harms the anemone tubers. They absorb a lot of water, which can lead to decay. Instead of soaking, it is recommended to wrap the tubers with a damp cloth soaked in a solution of stimulants (epin, zircon).

Timing and methods of planting Anemone tubers

Tubers are planted in early spring or autumn (October):

1. They are planted with tubers or parts thereof.
2. All segments must have one or more eyes.
3. Sorting by size is desirable in order to have uniform stands. A thickened planting should not be allowed, as this can lead to thinning and stretching of seedlings, as well as to the development of diseases.
4. Planted according to the scheme:
   • Tubers 1.0–2.0 cm in diameter - 15 x 20 cm, 30 pcs. for 1 sq. m, embedding depth - 4–5 cm;
   • more than 2.0 cm - 20 x 20 cm, 25 pcs. for 1 sq. m, depth - 6-8 cm.
5. After planting, the soil is watered.

It is imperative to observe the orientation of the plant when planting. The kidney should be on top.

If it is difficult to determine its location, the tuber is placed "on a barrel". You can't plant him upside down. Seedlings may not appear at all.

Care

The main thing is to ensure regular watering and feeding.

• Moderate watering of the soil is preferable before germination, as excess moisture causes tuber disease.
• during the period from germination to the end of flowering, watering is abundant.

With untimely and irregular watering, thinned weak peduncles develop.

Irrigation water should be warm.

During growth, the anemone responds well to fertilizers applied in liquid form.

From organic fertilizers apply diluted manure (necessarily fermented) - 10 liters per 0.5 sq. m or 10-12 plants.

From mineral fertilizers prepare a 1% solution in the proportion of NPK - 1: 0.6: 1.7. 10 liters of this solution for the same number of plants.

From germination to flowering, they are fed twice a month, during the flowering period no more than once a month.

With a powerful growth of the leaf apparatus, nitrogen fertilizers are not used. Feeding is desirable on warm sunny days.

If the weather is cold during the period of plant growth (below 10 ° C), you can limit yourself to 3-4 dressings:

• after germination - 1;
• during budding - 2;
• in the flowering phase - 3-4.

When carrying out dressings, it is impossible for the solution to get on the leaves. If this happens, the fertilizer is washed off with water.

For optimal air exchange and moisture retention, the soil must be loose and free from weeds throughout the growing season.

Reproduction methods

Seed. The seeds can germinate as soon as they are harvested. The best open field sowing time is October – December. Flowering begins in the second year.With special care, it can bloom in the same year after 7-8 months.

When grown through seedlings:

• sowing is carried out at the end of January in boxes in sandy compost soil, covering the seeds with a layer of earth about a finger thick;
• the boxes are kept indoors at a temperature of 12-15 ° C;
• during the germination period, the temperature is slightly lowered so that the seedlings do not stretch;
• after germination, the anemones are kept in a cool room at a temperature of 3-4 ° C;
• seedlings are regularly watered;
• after picking, the seedlings are grown before planting in open ground in a room with a temperature of 10-13 ° C.

Vegetative... When propagated by seeds, the offspring does not always repeat the characteristics of the mother plant. To preserve decorativeness, anemones are bred vegetatively by dividing the rhizomes.

By the method of division, only 2-3 new plants can be obtained from an annual anemone tuber.

To have planting material in sufficient quantities, accelerated reproduction is used:

• In the phase of 3-4 leaves, the upper part of the tuber is cut off.
• Two weeks later, callus tubercles form on it in a circle.
• Leaves sprout from the callus.
• When the leaves have reached a standard size, the tubers are dug up, cut into 6-8 pieces and planted in pots.

The division is carried out in the spring, as anemones slowly restore the root system.

Major pests and diseases Diseases

• Botrytis (gray rot) caused by a fungus from the genus Botrytis - it affects leaves, stems and flowers. Especially often found indoors, in heavily weedy areas and too dense planting. Control measures - treatment of plants with a 0.2% fungicide solution, compliance with crop rotation, soil disinfection.
• Root rot - causes the fungus Phytophtora cooctorum. The development of this disease is facilitated by high temperatures, heavy waterlogged and poorly drained soils. Plant roots darken, rot and die off. Control measures - dressing the soil, processing the planting material with a fungicide solution.
• 

  Peronosporosis (downy mildew) Curling the leaves - fungal disease. It affects plants at all stages of development. May cause death. Appears in highly waterlogged areas and quickly spreads when irrigated to neighboring areas. Control measures - treatment of planting material, preventive spraying during the growing season with fungicides.

• Peronosporosis - a fungal disease that causes damage to the leaves from the inside, covering them with a white bloom. The disease occurs at low air temperatures of 4-15 ° C and high humidity. From the leaves it passes to the tuber and roots. Control measures - soil disinfection, observance of crop rotation.
• Rust - infects the leaf, causing shrinkage and discoloration. Fungal spores first develop on the underside of the leaf along the edge, then spread to the entire leaf. Control measures - do not grow anemone near cherries, sweet cherries, plums or almonds, remove affected plants, spray with a fungicide solution.
• Viral diseases - damage to plants occurs through sucking pests or soil nematodes. Mosaic spots appear on the leaves, the plant becomes depressed, and often dies. Control measures - adherence to agricultural cultivation techniques, culling of diseased specimens and their destruction.

Pests Medvedka

Pests of anemones include aphids, slugs, scoops, field mice, leaf bugs, nematodes, bear.

Green aphids - especially often appear in conditions of high humidity-Control measures: insecticide treatment.

Caterpillars damage mainly seedlings, as well as leaves, buds and flowers of an adult plant.

Slugs damage anemone seedlings in greenhouses and garden beds. Control measures: manual collection, placement of baits.

Agro-measures to reduce the risk of the spread of pests and diseases:

• timely removal of plant waste;
• compliance with the regime of watering and loosening;
• optimal plant density;
• observance of crop rotation
• a balanced diet with a moderate nitrogen content.
• destruction of pests - carriers of viruses.

Preparing for winter

In autumn, with the onset of night frosts, the tubers are dug up, well shaken off the soil and dried. In dried tubers, the ends of the roots and stems are cut off, but so as not to damage the growth buds.

The tubers are stored in a dry room at a temperature of 6 to 10 ° C. At the end of April, they are planted one at a time in pots, and from there into the ground.

Can be planted in the ground without first growing in pots, and also leave the roots in the soil for the winter. In the case of wintering plants in open ground, they need shelter, since freezing is possible.

Types and varieties

Crowned anemone varieties are divided into two groups:

In total, there are more than 150 types of anemones.

They are classified according to the type of root system.

Anemone oakravnaya

Long rhizomes blooming in spring:

• oak anemone;
• buttercup;
• Ural;
• Altai;
• smooth;
• blue;
• perm
• Udi.

Apennine anemone

Having tuberous rhizomes:

• anemone of the Apennine;
• Caucasian;
• crown;
• tender;
• garden;
• sparkling.

Autumn species are allocated in a separate group:

• Japanese anemone;
• Hubei;
• hybrid;

  Japanese anemone

• felt.

And these are far from all varieties of anemones. They are all beautiful and decorative. But among them it still stands out crown anemone, which is grown not only in flower beds, but also to obtain beautiful bouquets and forcing in greenhouses.