We grow hyacinths at home

The stately and showy hyacinth is a real decoration of the garden in early spring. Appearing on a flowerbed one of the first, when there is still snow in some places, it pleases those around it with large and fragrant flowers of the most diverse range of shades and shapes. Such splendor on a miniature scale can be easily repeated in winter, delighting yourself, relatives and friends with a magnificent gift for the New Year or Christmas. How the plant is distilled, how to care for hyacinth at home - recommendations in our article.

Hyacinth: botanical description

Hyacinth is a genus of bulbous perennial plants that belongs to the Asparagus family and includes only three species. They all have a distinctive look and fragrant flowers. The plant's bulb is dense, consisting of fleshy leaves, the bases of which occupy the entire circumference of the bottom. The stem is thick and dense, with an inflorescence at the top. After the end of flowering, he dies off along with the leaves with him. Very fragrant flowers are collected in a raceme, the perianth is brightly colored, in the form of a bell-shaped funnel with bent lobes. The fruit is a three-celled capsule. There are three known species: Hyacinthus transcaspicus, Litvinova and eastern. The latter is the most common and famous, which became the basis for breeding many varieties and hybrids. It is possible to care and plant hyacinth at home in a pot or in open ground.

Oriental hyacinth: description

It is considered to be a type species of the genus, that is, acting as a nomenclature species.In the event of any disputable situation, he acts as the only bearer of the generic name from an objective point of view. The homeland of the plant is the Mediterranean and Asia Minor. However, at the moment it is cultivated everywhere, not only as a decorative quality, but also as a medicinal one. The plant is perennial, bulbous, up to 30 cm high and up to 0.5 cm thick stele, fleshy linear leaves, has a bell-shaped flower. Hyacinth, home care for which is quite simple, blooms in early spring one of the first in the garden. In culture, it has become especially popular since the 15th century in Europe, since then more than three hundred high-quality and proven varieties have been bred. The Netherlands is famous for breeding hyacinths, especially the Haarlem region, from which millions of bulbs of these flowers come to the world market every year.

Popular varieties

It is difficult to say in a few sentences about the huge assortment of hyacinth varieties. When choosing one for your home or garden, pay attention to the manufacturer, seller, and botanical characteristics (height, flowering time, suitability for forcing, etc.). Planting and caring for hyacinths at home involves the choice of a certain hybrid. We offer a conventional division of varieties according to color of flowers.

• White: Argentina Arendsen (up to 28 cm, diameter of an individual flower up to 4 cm), L'Innosance (an early old variety, created in Holland in 1863, height up to 26 cm), Carnegie (medium-sized - up to 22 cm, cylindrical inflorescence ), Edelweiss (medium early, up to 25 cm, with a wide brush).
• Pink: Anna Marie (late, up to 25 cm high), Fondant (industrial variety with large 20 cm inflorescences, photo above), Pink Pearl (early, cone-shaped inflorescence with characteristic long bracts), China Pink, Marconi.
• Blue: King of the Blues (old Dutch variety 1865, late, pictured below), Delft Blue (up to 20 cm, suitable for forcing, long flowering period), Maria (up to 25 cm, deep dark blue, one of the most common hybrids), Myosotis (early, pale blue).
• Violet: Amethyst (short flowering period, unpretentious, pale lilac hue, height up to 25 cm), Bismarck (early, up to 30 cm light purple inflorescence, ideal for forcing and cutting), Menelik (purple-black, compact, late) ...
• Yellow: City of Harlem, Orange Bowen, Yellow Hammer.

Lush, spectacular blooms, bright colors and a unique thick and rich aroma are the main reasons why hyacinth is grown in a pot. Home care is quite simple, but it involves distillation, in connection with which some peculiarities appear. They try to get a flowering plant, as a rule, for a certain holiday: New Year, March 8, etc.

What is distillation?

This process involves complex measures to accelerate plant growth. It is widely used in greenhouse cultivation and floriculture. The plant is placed in conditions with a high ambient temperature, humidity and is additionally illuminated, thereby stimulating them to active development, flowering and fruiting. It is in this way that tulips, daffodils, lilies and hyacinth in a pot are grown at home. How to save a plant after a similar procedure, read further in the text.

Bulb selection

In fact, forcing mobilizes all the strength of the plant and allows you to get beautiful flowers in a short time. Only healthy and strong specimens can withstand this. Choose quality planting material, large, dense, undamaged bulbs grown outdoors. Pay attention to the weight, it should not be too light and give the impression of emptiness inside. In addition, as mentioned above, it makes sense to pay attention to the variety, there are hybrids specially designed for forcing.

Preparing the bulbs for planting

The preparation of hyacinth bulbs begins in the summer, at the moment when you decide that you will grow hyacinth in a pot (home care - hereinafter in the text). As soon as the foliage is dry, the planting material must be dug up, washed in warm water and dried in a draft in a shady place, and then stored in a cool and dry basement or cellar. Experienced flower growers know one secret. As soon as hyacinth flower stalks appear on the flowerbed in spring, they notice the largest and most powerful ones, but they are not allowed to bloom and are cut off. This allows the plant to use all its strength to develop the bulb, which can then be successfully driven out in winter.

Landing dates

The timing of planting the bulbs in the ground directly depends on when exactly you want to get blooming hyacinths on your window. Care and growing at home in the future are quite simple, it is important to do everything right at the initial stage. The cooling period for forcing in the early stages is 10-13 weeks, for late varieties it increases to 12-16. The start date can be set as follows. Determine the day when you need to get the flower and in the reverse order subtract the number of weeks set from it, plus another 3-4 for growth for early and late varieties, respectively.

In order to strengthen the immune system, the bulbs should be placed for 30 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate or the drug "Hom" (concentration - 4 g per 1 liter of water) before planting.

Planting bulbs

In accordance with the planned flowering time in the fall, the soil bulbs should be planted in the soil (purchased or prepared yourself). Use individual pots or group planting, depending on your preference. Hyacinth in a pot, home care is minimal, but its flowering is great. Fill the pots almost to the top with soil, then plant the onion so that the top is level with the edges of the crockery. When planting in groups, observe a distance of 2.5-3 cm. Cover the top of the pot with dark plastic, making holes for ventilation. Transfer the plants to a dark and cool place for a specified period, the temperature of the content should be within 5-8 ° C.

As the earthy clod dries, slightly moisten it, the soil should be slightly moist. During this time, small sprouts appear in the hyacinth, when they reach 3-5 cm in height, the plants should be brought into the house. The initial temperature of the content should not exceed 12 ° C, choose a shaded place for several days, and then move them closer to the window (but not the heating radiators). The pot is placed in a permanent place at the moment when buds appear on the plant.

Potted hyacinth: home care during flowering

In order for a plant to please you with a beautiful flowering, it needs to provide stable conditions for keeping. After the buds appear, the hyacinth pot is rearranged to a permanent light, protected from drafts. The temperature should be in the range of 15-20 ° С, keep the soil in a constantly moist state, not allowing it to dry out. Carry out a single feeding with complex mineral fertilizer, strictly observing the dosage and concentration indicated on the package.

What to do with the bulb after flowering?

The hyacinth bulb used for forcing cannot be reused. However, you can plant it in open ground in a flowerbed in the garden, where it will delight you with natural flowering in early spring. After the forcing is over and the desired result is obtained, leave the bulb in the ground - this is necessary in order to preserve the flower. Hyacinth in a pot, home care assumes the same as in the soil. Continue watering and fertilizing the plant until the leaves begin to wither. After they dry, carefully separate them. Remove the onion from the ground, dry it and store it in a cool and dry place.Carry out planting in the ground in late autumn: in the middle or end of October, when the soil temperature drops to 5-10 ° C. Thus, hyacinth will have time to give roots before severe cold weather.

Remember that the plant prefers a sunny and open area, possibly lightly shaded, protected from wind and excess moisture. The soil is recommended loose, containing sand, humus, and having good moisture permeability.

Think hyacinth is a flower? No, this is the name of a young man, beloved friend of the Greek god Apollo. Often the young men had fun by throwing a disc one by one. But the jealousy of the god of the West Winds led to misfortune. And now Hyacinth is bleeding in the hands of a friend - the god Apollo. Apollo could not help him in any way, only in memory of his friend he created a unique flower and named it Hyacinth.

This, it turns out, is thanks to whom many women receive a deliciously smelling gift on March 8. Moreover, there is such a variety of colors: white, pale yellow, pink (any tonality), lilac, blue, blue, red, purple.

How to care for hyacinth at home

How to grow hyacinth at home Home hyacinth has faded what to do next

Looking at the hyacinth, everyone will think: “I want it! Want! Want!". If you want, then everything will be, while you have to try. "Hyacinth" is a Greek word translated as "rain flower", maybe because the grower needs to shed a lot of sweat over its cultivation. This, of course, is a joke, however, one must not only know the peculiarities of growing, but also methodically adhere to them.

Preliminarily, we note that it may be necessary for additional lighting and supports for the peduncles (the inflorescences are too weighty). Our task is to get as close as possible to the conditions of the natural environment - South Asia and the Mediterranean.

Choosing a location, suitable temperature and light

This is a tricky business, as all of the following factors should be taken into account:

• daylight hours need about 15 hours (windows to the south or southeast are suitable, others need additional lighting - prolongation of daylight hours);
• the flower loves light, but not heat - the comfortable temperature is slightly more than 20 ° C - so in summer you will have to remove the flowerpot or shade it from the direct sun;
• does not tolerate drafts or sudden changes in temperature;
• loves walking on a terrace or balcony at the right temperature;
• in winter, the proximity to heating devices is unacceptable.

Creation of the necessary air and soil moisture

Everything is simple here - you must not allow the soil to dry out - on the one hand, rotting of the bulb and leaves - on the other. Watering should be done regularly, along the walls of the pot, without reaching the bulbs. Drain excess water from the pallet. The hyacinth does not need spraying, and during flowering this procedure is prohibited.

Soil selection, fertilization

The choice of soil mixture is important, a neutral soil is suitable for hyacinth, ideally the use of leaf and sod land, peat, humus and sand in equal proportions. No fresh organic matter. Pre-calcine the earth for 1.5 hours in the oven - for disinfection. For lush flowering, the plant will need strength, which means that feeding is required (with ordinary complex fertilizers for flowering plants). The first time at the beginning of the growing season, then - during the budding period, it is possible a little in the final phase of flowering.

How to choose planting material

The key to a beautiful flowering is a quality bulb. Bulbs should be selected in flower shops according to the following parameters:

• the diameter of the bulb is at least five centimeters;
• there is no damage and rottenness;
• the bulb is dense, not dry;
• the best time to buy bulbs is August.

If you are purchasing a flowering plant, then the stem and peduncle should be erect.

Forcing hyacinths How to adjust the beginning of flowering to a specific date?

Hyacinth in a pot how to care at home

It can be very roughly calculated as follows: it takes about 2.5 months from planting to flowering, the plant itself blooms for 10-18 days (depending on the variety), so it is easy to calculate. We want a new year - we start in the middle of October, for Valentine's Day - the end of November, by March 8 - the 20th of December. Before buying bulbs, read the growing conditions thoroughly - the most important thing is that the three phases of forcing require different temperatures (and therefore a different place).

First stage - we plant the bulb in a pot and simulate winter. We keep the pot for 1.5-2 months at temperatures up to 8 ° C and complete darkening. This can be a cellar, and in the absence of it - the lower section of the refrigerator (close the pot with a package). We proceed to the next stage when the emerging sprout reaches 5 cm. We keep the substrate in the flowerpot constantly moist, drying out is unacceptable.

Second phase - temperature rise by 5 -7 ˚С (spring comes), the room is still darkened. You can gradually move closer to the window, adding light. We are waiting for the buds to appear.

Stage three - flowering, takes place in good light and a temperature of about 20 ˚С. The golden rule is no sudden jumps in heat and heat, otherwise you will not see flowers.

How to plant bulbs

Hyacinth at home care watering photo

We fill the pot with nutritious soil two thirds in height. No need to tamp.

How to plant hyacinth at home in a pot photo

Hyacinth flower at home planting photo

We plant the bulbs half the height so that the tops are on the surface. So the hyacinth will not get sick with putrefactive diseases and will develop well.

Planting hyacinth in a pot at home photo

After gently pouring without touching the bulbs themselves, place the pot in a cool, dark place. When the leaves are 7-8 cm tall, the pot should be placed on a sunny windowsill.

If you have presented the whole process, found places with a suitable temperature - go ahead, plant bulbs. This is a simple matter.

• You can pick up individual flowerpots 5 cm wider than the bulb, or you can place several hyacinths in a container (at a distance of 2-3 cm) - so they look more spectacular flowers.
• It is imperative to place drainage at the bottom of the container, then the earth, do not fill up to the top, so that the planted bulb looks out 2 cm from the soil.
• We plant the bulbs (not close to the edge of the container), tamp the soil and water abundantly.
• A layer of sand (up to 1 cm) can be poured on top to avoid rotting of the bulbs. Everything, we cover it with a dark film (ventilation holes are required) and in the "winter", in the first phase.

Hyacinth care at home after flowering

The eastern name of the hyacinth is "Curls of the Hurias". Here they have blossomed, delighted us with their curls, wonderful aroma, now it's time to rest.

• The flower has faded - we cut off the peduncle. During the dormant period, we adhere to moderate watering, we give the plant the opportunity to form "children" and gain strength in the main bulb.
• Let's feed the plant with complex fertilizer.
• Only after the leaves are completely dry should the bulb be dug out.
• Examine carefully, air dry, remove dry husks, let too small "kids" stay with "mom", and larger ones can be separated.
• All of them must be thoroughly dried - the first week even at 30 ˚С, then another 2 weeks at 25 С, and before planting - at a temperature of 17 ˚С and high humidity (so that the bulb does not dry out). This is a very important stage, because right now the future inflorescence and small children are being formed (therefore, the next time you plant, you need to be careful not to damage them).

In the fall, hyacinth bulbs need to be planted in the ground in a flower bed so that they can recover from flowering at home. Plant them deeper (15-20 cm) so that they do not freeze, and cover with a layer of mulch 10 cm. Remove the shelter in the spring. Plants may not bloom in spring, but they will perfectly prepare for the next distillation in the new season.In the fall, the bulbs can be dug up, dried and stored in a cool place until they are planted in the pot. The bulbs can form babies, it is better to carefully separate them and leave them in the flower bed, they will grow for 4-5 years until they reach the size of adult bulbs. Only then can they be used for forcing at home.

Reproduction of hyacinths at home

How hyacinth multiplies at home photo

• A faded plant is not suitable for re-forcing at home - it must be planted in open ground (in the fall, even on a flower bed at the entrance) so that it gains strength.
• If you plan to grow it again at home in a year, then this year the hyacinth should not bloom in the soil (you will have to cut the peduncle).
• A small baby in 3-4 years can be grown to normal size so that it is suitable for forcing at home.
• Over the years, the "cubs" will go through the growing season without flowering, gradually gaining strength.

A sensible idea arises here: to get beautiful flowers, buy ready-made planting material, and let them grow it in nurseries.

Diseases and pests of hyacinth

The flower is occasionally affected by yellow bacterial rot, with which, alas, nothing can be done. The plant with the earth will have to be thrown out, and if the pot is planned to be used further, then it must be disinfected.
Pests can be:

• spider mite;
• nematodes;
• aphid.

To combat them, insecticides are used, however, this cannot be done during the flowering period.
Possible problems when caring for hyacinth at home:

• yellow leaves - the draft and watering are to blame;
• leaves wither - lack of lighting;
• falling buds - water hit the buds, a sharp temperature drop;
• cessation of flowering - the flower is hot;
• decay - chronic waterlogging.

Conclusion: you can grow hyacinth with patience and care. Grow smartly and enjoy lush blooms!

Description of hyacinth

Hyacinths photo when to plant at home Hyacinthus orientalis ‘Delft Blue’ photo

Hyacinth is now classified as a member of the Asparagus family, although earlier it was isolated into a separate family of Hyacinths or ranked in the Lileiny. This bulbous perennial is considered a native of Asia Minor, but Dutch breeders have worked so hard to breed its new varieties, to spread the flower and bulbs, that it can be considered a truly modern "Dutchman".

Hyacinth is a plant up to 30 cm high; a stem and oblong leaves grow from a dense bulb. Hyacinth flowers - small bells with twisted leaves - are collected in a dense cone-shaped inflorescence (reminiscent of an ear). The flowers are simple and double in appearance.

At the end of flowering, both the peduncle and the leaves dry up, in the corners of the leaves you need to look for small baby bulbs (you can further use it for breeding), and the main bulb develops on the stem inside the mother bulb.
It has proven itself perfectly at home, also in the open field (where it is one of the first to be shown from the ground in spring). This is not unfounded, it is said by more than four hundred years of experience in breeding hyacinths. During this time, about 30 species were attributed to this species, including half a thousand different varieties of plants.

However, today there are three types of hyacinths:

• eastern (Hyacinthus orientalis);
• Litvinov (Hyacinthus litwinowii);
• Transcaspian (Hyacinthus transcaspicus).

It is on their basis that all the variety of shapes and colors of these plants is created.

Types and varieties of hyacinth with photos and descriptions

Indoor flower hyacinth oriental Hyacinthus orientalis

Oriental hyacinth Hyacinthus orientalis - the same great-grandfather of most of today's varieties. Flowers with a delicate aroma are loosely placed on a thin peduncle. Can be any of the shades of white, yellow, pink or blue. In the wild, you can meet in Lebanon, Turkey or Syria.

Hyacinth Litvinova Hyacinthus litwinowii home flower care

Hyacinth Litvinov Hyacinthus litwinowii - has bluish leaves and light blue flowers with protruding stamens. Natural area - Iran, Turkmenistan.

Transcaspian hyacinth Hyacinthus transcaspicus at home in a pot care during and after flowering photo

Transcaspian hyacinth Hyacinthus transcaspicus - a low-growing flower (up to 20 cm), has up to two stems, the leaves are equally thickened along the entire length. There are no more than a dozen flowers in a loose inflorescence. Natural place - the mountains of Turkmenistan.
Another classification of hyacinths is their division by color:

• white - Arentine Arendsen (white or cream flowers), double Snow Crystal and Madame Sophie;

Yellow hyacinth Yellow Hammer Flowering and storage of hyacinth at home photo

• yellow - Yellow Hammer (deep yellow), Oranje Boven (pale yellow), City of Haarlem (salmon);

Pink hyacinth Hyacinthus Anna Marie how to care for hyacinth at home photo

• pink - Anna Marie (light pink), Gertruda (deep pink), Moreno (pink with a dark raspberry stripe);
• red - La Victoire, Tubergen's Scarlet, Hollyhock (terry);

Hyacinth red violet Woodstock Hyacinths growing at home

• lilac - Bismarck (pale), Blue Magic (red-purple), Indigo King (dark purple);
• blue - Queen of the Blues (pale blue), Perle Brillante (pale blue), Marie (deep blue).

Hyacinth is a flower, the name of which is translated from Latin as a rain flower. It has such a name due to its love for excessive moisture, there is still an assumption that it is called so because of the flowering time of this plant in nature, namely in the spring during the rainy season.

Homeland of Hyacinth is Southeast Asia... In most cases, this bulbous flower is grown in gardens, but you can do it at home, however, caring for the plant in this case is slightly different.

Description and characteristics of indoor hyacinth, popular types

This extraordinarily beautiful plant attracts attention due to its colorful and bright flowers, similar to small bells, which are located on a fleshy peduncle in the form of a racemose inflorescence. Flowers can be either simple or double yellow, pink, blue, purple, blue or white.

Indoor hyacinth

Bright green, smooth and fleshy leaves, in the amount of 5 to 8 pieces, form a rosette sprouting from the bulb, from which the peduncle emerges. The flower reaches a height of 30 cm. The flowering of Hyacinth is accompanied by a delicate pleasant aroma.

There are many types of Hyacinth, among them: Ostara, Amethyst, Rosalia, Sunflower, La Victoire, Litvinova, Zakaispian, Arentina Arendsen.

But the most popular and common in home cultivation is Eastern hyacinth.

Eastern hyacinth

Distillation at home

Taking care of Hyacinth is not difficult, but some rules must be followed. The first rule is the choice of the bulbfrom which the flower will be grown. The size of the bulb must be at least 5 cm in diameter, it must be dense, not affected by rot, diseases and insects. The second rule is to create the necessary atmosphere for successful flower cultivation.

Choosing a pot and soil for planting bulbs

The Hyacinth dilution vessel should be medium in size and have drainage holes at the bottom. One container sits from 1 to 3 bulbs... They should not come into contact with each other and with the walls of the pot.

A drainage layer must be laid out at the bottom of the pot, for this you can use sand with a layer of about 2 cm.

The bulb is not completely placed in the soil, its top must not be covered. The substrate used is one that has a neutral acidity level, since high acidity is not suitable for the flower. To avoid decay of the bulb, the soil surface is also covered with sand.

Planting Hyacinth Bulbs

After planting the bulbs, they need to create a dormant period of about two months. The pot is placed in a dark, cool place, perhaps even in a refrigerator, the temperature should be + 5-7 degrees. Occasionally the soil needs to be watered to maintain constant moisture. During this time, the bulbs take root well and will give flower stalks in the future. After the bulbs are released on a couple of sheets, the flower is transferred to a bright place with a temperature of no higher than +15 degrees.

And only with the formation of inflorescences, the flowerpot is placed in a permanent place, in which full care of the plant is carried out.

Leaving during flowering

The flowering period of the Hyacinth lasts on average about two weeks, during this period care is needed, thanks to which the flowering will be lush and longer.

Lighting

Hyacinth is very fond of light, he needs it at least 15 hours a day. If you place it in a place where there is not enough light, you need to additionally use artificial light sources. On hot summer days, the plant needs to be shaded to avoid direct sunlight.

Light-loving Hyacinth

Temperature

The best temperature for growing Hyacinth is + 20-22 degrees. It is not recommended to keep the flower close to heating devices. Drafts must also be avoided, as they can lead to the death of the flower.

Watering and spraying

The soil in the pot should always be slightly moist, this is especially important during the period of flowering, active growth and wintering. You should also avoid stagnant water, which can lead to rotting of the bulb and the development of fungal diseases. For this, water is poured from the sump immediately after watering. Another important point is the watering method itself: so that no matter what water falls on the bulb, in the axils of leaves and buds, water must be poured near the edge of the pot.

The water should be soft at room temperature, it is good to use rain or melt water, preheating it.

Watering the hyacinth correctly in a pot

It is not recommended to spray the flower, this is especially bad for its condition during the flowering period.

Top dressing

The plant needs frequent feeding, about twice a month. For this, any universal fertilizer for indoor bulbous plants is used. Water the flower before feeding.

Fertilizer for Hyacinth

Post-flowering care

Hyacinth, like all other flowering plants, fades over time. But in this case, its vital activity does not stop, but the care of the flower simply changes.

• First, the peduncle is cut off, leaves remain, and flower care continues until they die off completely. After that, it is necessary to dry the bulbs and place the plant for a dormant period. To do this, the flower is removed from the pot, the roots are cleared of the ground, and the top of the plant is cut off at a distance of about one centimeter from the bulb.
• The bulb is sprayed with a disinfectant solution, for example Fundazole, to avoid infections and remove the upper unnecessary peel. Then the bulb is dried, at which time it must be periodically turned to dry completely.
• When the bulb is completely dry, you need to wrap it in paper or sawdust and place in a dark, dry place for 2-3 months, after which it can be planted again.

Hyacinth care video after flowering

Very often, flower growers adjust the flowering of Hyacinth to a certain time of the year, for example, to get an inflorescence on March 8, this should be done in October. For this, such manipulation is used as distillation - in this case, the bulbs are specially removed from a state of dormancy.

In this case, the planted bulbs are covered with a bag in which a hole is made so that the plant breathes. Further, the flower is grown, as in the usual planting of bulbs.

Video about forcing Hyacinth by March 8

Reproduction methods

There are several ways to breed Hyacinth. Among them: reproduction by children, propagation by seeds, cutting out the bottom and notching the bottom... At home, the first method is most often used, since the rest are very lengthy and complex, they are used by breeders and professionals.

On average, a bulb can form 2-4 babies per year. They must be carefully separated from the mother bulb and planted in a separate container.If the baby is difficult to separate, then after a period of rest, the mother's bulb is planted with it and it is separated only after the next flowering of the Hyacinth.

With this method of reproduction, the plant blooms in 2-3 years.

Hyacinth bulb with babies

Pruning

Trimming the peduncle is necessary after the end of flowering, because if after the flowers the fruits are formed, this will draw all the strength from the flower. Same when the leaves dry, they are also cut off.

Diseases and pests

Most often, Hyacinth is resistant to all sorts of threats when grown at home, because during transplantation, the bulbs are treated with disinfectants. But sometimes hyacinth is threatened by such diseases and pests:

• Bacterial rot... There are many reasons for contracting this disease and different symptoms of its manifestation, for example, the appearance of black dots on the leaves, rotting of the bulb, drying out of the roots, etc. It is possible to cope with the disease only in industrial production, but at home it leads to the death of the flower. In this case, it is necessary to get rid of the plant and soil, and disinfect the pot.
• Insects... For example: aphids, ticks and others. You can get rid of them by spraying the flower with chemicals, but only until the flowering period.
• Physiological disorders... These are deformations of the peduncle, for example, curvature or improper flowering, which appear in case of non-observance of the "distillation" regime, or rather the cooling period.

Conclusion

Thus, nthe problem of growing Hyacinth at home is not great, if you adhere to all the rules for caring for this flower, and also provide appropriate care for it during the dormant period. In this case, Hyacinth will delight with its beautiful and fragrant flowering.

Hyacinth is one of the most charming plants used for both garden decoration and indoor cultivation. This flower, easy to plant and maintain, exudes a delicate beautiful scent, giving a spring mood. At the same time, you can make it bloom even in winter, creating the necessary conditions for this.

Hyacinth: origin, appearance and main properties

The genus Hyacinth belongs to the Asparagus family, whose representatives are common in the regions of Central Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean, namely in the Balkans, Syria and Turkey.

The name of the primrose in translation from Greek means "rain flower".

Hyacinth is a perennial herbaceous ephemeroid (plant with a very short growing season). The time of its growth, flowering and fruiting occurs in the spring, and during the period of hot summer, cool autumn and frosty winter, the development of the flower stops.

The range of hyacinth flowers is very wide

A large, dense hyacinth bulb has a rounded shape and is covered with thin membranous scales. The leaf blades are elongated.

Feature of the plant: during flowering, the size of the leaves is relatively short, and after the death of the peduncle, they grow up to 20 cm.

The bell-shaped flowers are decorated with thin and gracefully curved petals. Buds are numerous, on one racemose inflorescence from 12 to 35 or more of them can bloom. In the wild, the corolla of hyacinth is usually blue or white, and the range of varietal flowers is very wide.

Popular varieties

Hybridizers have bred a huge number of varieties with large flowers and heady aroma, differing in the size of the inflorescences, color, height of the peduncle, and the timing of flowering. The most common are:

1. Royal Navy. A variety with double flowers of a rich purple hue.
2. Brooklyn. Variety with white-yellow-cream colored flowers with a darker center.
3. Raphael. A distinctive feature of the variety are semi-open flowers with narrow elongated petals.
4. Rosalia. The flowers of this variety of hyacinth are bright pink.
5. Ostara.A characteristic feature of the variety is its bright purple inflorescences and a rather long flowering period (about three weeks).
6. Woodstock. A purple-lilac hyacinth with a large inflorescence.
7. Midnight Mystique. The variety is a find of the last decade. Its characteristic feature is the original flowers of almost black color.
8. Carnegie. A variety with gorgeous white flowers.
9. Fondant. Delicate pink hyacinth, the petals of which are cast with mother-of-pearl.
10. Orange Boven. The cultivar boasts salmon-apricot flowers with a yellow throat and dark pink perianth ends.

Photo gallery: varietal variety of hyacinths

Optimal conditions for hyacinth in spring-winter and summer-autumn: table

Planting hyacinth and features of forcing a flower in an apartment

Under natural conditions, hyacinth is a primrose that blooms in mid to late spring. But indoors, flowering can be greatly accelerated and the plant can be made to bloom by any date, for example, by Christmas, New Year or March 8th. For this, the bulbs are taken out of the state of "sleep", creating certain conditions. The process was named "distillation". Hyacinths give in to her quite easily. Luxurious fragrant flowers are easy to get at home.

At home, flowering can be significantly accelerated and the plant can be made to bloom by any date, for example, by Christmas, New Year or March 8

Hyacinth can be grown in two ways: in a substrate or in water. As a potting mix, a composition of:

• garden land;
• peat;
• sand.

All components must be taken in equal quantities and mixed thoroughly, so that the result is a light and loose substrate. Hyacinth also requires good drainage, it can be made from pieces of broken brick or expanded clay.

Pot selection

The capacity should be small, the best option would be to use pots with a diameter of 1.5 times the size of the onion. You can also use wider bowls if you plan to plant several plants in one bowl. In this case, select the container according to the size of the planting material, the bulbs should be located so that there is a distance of about two centimeters between them.

There is no need to transplant store-bought hyacinth. The flower can only be covered with a paper cap to make the peduncle larger.

How to drive out hyacinth in the ground: the preparatory stage

1. Choose large, healthy bulbs that are over 5 cm in diameter. They are usually well ripe, which means the flower buds have developed well and have accumulated enough nutrients to bloom well. Only large and healthy bulbs are suitable for forcing.
2. Keep the bulbs for forcing in a dry place for about a week. During this time, they will ripen.
3. Put a layer of drainage in the prepared container, pour coarse sand on it, which will protect the planting material from decay.
4. Fill the container with the prepared substrate.
5. Plant a hyacinth bulb in the potting mix, burying it half or two-thirds of its height. Plant a hyacinth bulb in the soil mixture, burying it half to two-thirds of the height
6. Water the soil lightly, the soil should not be wet, otherwise rotting will begin.
7. Cover the pot with a dark material as the rooting process should take place in the dark.
8. Transfer the pot of the planted onion to a cool room with a temperature of 5–9 ° C. You can put it on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator, designed for storing vegetables, or take it out to the balcony. You can store the bulbs in the refrigerator until forcing

Forcing hyacinths planted in the ground

1. When the leaves of the hyacinth grow 8-10 cm, remove the dark cloth from the pot, transfer it to a bright place and start watering the plant. Thus, the time for distillation of the peduncle begins, which takes 3-4 weeks.Based on this, you can predict the flowering time. For example, to get blooming for the New Year, you need to get the hyacinth from a cool and dark place in early December. To get blooming for the New Year, you need to get the hyacinth from a cool and dark place in early December.
2. The temperature of the hyacinth content during this period should be from 10 to 20 ° C. At a higher rate, flowering will be short.
3. Accustom the plant to the room temperature gradually, as with a sharp change in conditions, the flower will begin to grow leaves to the detriment of flowering.
4. During this period, the hyacinth must shorten the daylight hours, since in bright light the peduncle will grow short. To do this, growers use a cap made of dark paper or cover the plant with an opaque plastic glass (first for the whole day, then half, and then for part of the day). It is recommended to use this simple device until the peduncle rises above the leaf blades. It is recommended to use a glass cover until the peduncle rises above the leaf blades.
5. When the hyacinth begins to bloom, you can remove the cap and enjoy the flowering of the plant. When the hyacinth starts to bloom, you can remove the cap and enjoy the flowering of the plant.

At home, hyacinth blooms for about two weeks, however, if the flower pot is transferred to a cool place overnight, this period can be extended by another seven days.

An effective option: how to properly expel bulbs in water

Manufacturers often use the method of forcing hyacinth in water. In this way, you can try to grow hyacinth at home.

1. Keep the bulb at about 25 ° C until September.
2. Choose a container that tapers at the top to about 4 cm. Small vases or special vessels for forcing hyacinths are suitable for this.
3. Place a few pieces of charcoal on the bottom to help prevent decay. To prevent it from floating up, pour a layer of coarse sand on top.
4. Pour water into a pot. For distilling hyacinth, it is advisable to use soft water: rain or melt.
5. Place the onion on the neck of the container so that the distance between the bottom and the surface of the water is 1–2 cm. For distilling the hyacinth, it is advisable to use soft rain or melt water
6. Wrap the container with the onion in dark paper and store in a dark and cool place with a temperature of 4–8 ° C.
7. Inspect the bulb periodically and add water. In order for the underground part to develop well, it is necessary to cover the onion with a thick paper cap
8. After about two months, long roots will develop and the leaf blades and inflorescences will begin to grow. At this time, you need to transfer the flower to a bright, warm place with a temperature of 22-25 ° C. A very convenient way is forcing hyacinths in water

Please note that the growing hyacinth needs very good lighting, otherwise the peduncle will be very elongated, it will grow thin and weak.

Forcing flowers for certain dates (New Year, March 8, etc.)

If you are planning to get blooming of charming hyacinths for a special date, then you should plan in advance the stages of forcing the flower.

1. In order for the magnificent flowers with a delicate aroma to bloom for the New Year, it is necessary to start the preparatory stage of forcing in the middle of summer. In July, the bulbs are removed from the soil, cleaned of the soil and stored for two weeks at a temperature of about 25-30oC and high humidity (about 90%).
2. After that, the temperature of the bulb is reduced to 20-25oС and kept under such conditions for about two more weeks.
3. Closer to September, the planting material is transferred to a cool place with a temperature of 10-13oС. At this, the preparatory stage of forcing hyacinth for the New Year ends, and the direct process begins in October, when the bulbs are planted in pots after a rest period.
4. If you want the hyacinth to bloom in February, then forcing should start two weeks later, in mid-October. The flower will bloom in March if the bulbs are planted in the ground or placed in water in early November.

Video: technology for distilling hyacinths

How to care for hyacinth

Hyacinth cannot grow at home for several years. The onion is distilled once. At this time, she loses a lot of strength and it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve excellent flowering again. Once distilled, the bulb can be planted in the garden.

Watering and feeding

Hyacinth is a moisture-loving flower. The plant must be watered regularly, after the top layer of the earth has dried. In this case, it is recommended to pour water only along the edge of the container, since the ingress of liquid into the sinuses of the leaf blades can cause the death of the hyacinth. The procedure requires soft, settled water at room temperature. Ideally, if it is wet or thawed. Additional hydration in the form of spraying is not needed for the flower.

When distilling hyacinth in water, it is necessary to periodically add it to the vessel. Experienced flower growers recommend adding not water, but a weak solution of complex fertilizer. For feeding, you can use a universal preparation for bulbous, diluting the solution in half the dose recommended by the manufacturer.

Hyacinths grown in an earthen mixture also respond well to feeding. The color of the flowers becomes brighter, and the flowering period lasts much longer. As a fertilizer, it is recommended to use universal preparations for bulbous or flowering plants. The procedure should be carried out once a week in the period from the moment the leaves appear to the plant flowering. After this, feeding should be completely stopped.

Feeding hyacinths brightens the color of flowers

Features of plant care after flowering

After the flowers of the hyacinth wilt, the peduncle should be cut off. During this period, you should completely stop feeding, but continue to water the flower until the leaf blades turn yellow. During this period, the number and volume of irrigation should be approximately halved. You do not need to cut off the yellowed leaves, they should die off naturally.

How to provide a rest period for hyacinth

When the leaf blades are withered, remove the bulb from the pot. Dry it for five to seven days in a well-ventilated place at a temperature of about 20-22 ° C. After that, remove all the dead scales and cut off the roots. Give the hyacinth bulb a sleep period of about 3 months. During the forcing, the bulb is severely depleted and cannot be re-subjected to the procedure. The plant can be planted in the garden in August and enjoy its flowering for several more seasons.

Table: the consequences of improper care and what to do to solve problems

Methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases and pests: table

Hyacinth is practically not affected by diseases and pests, but only if the planting material was healthy and the care of the plant is correct. Sometimes, under unfavorable conditions, the flower can be damaged by yellow bacterial rot, and among the pests of hyacinth, root mites, stem nematodes and aphids can attack.

Bulbs affected by root mites should be placed in hot water before planting.

Reproduction of hyacinths at home

There are different ways of propagation of hyacinths: baby bulbs, bulbous scales and seeds. As a rule, amateur flower growers use only vegetative methods, and seed growers use hybridizers to breed new varieties.

Reproduction by baby bulbs

With natural reproduction, an adult specimen forms only 1-2 children per year (in rare cases, 3 or 4). They are separated from the mother bulb by digging after the end of flowering.The number of babies can be increased by making a crosswise notch on the bottom with a depth of about 5 mm. In a year, such a bulb will give twice as many babies, which, after digging and drying, must be separated and planted for growing.

With natural reproduction, an adult specimen forms only 1-2 children per year

Reproduction by scales - a step-by-step master class

1. Divide the onion into 4-6 pieces.
2. Break off individual scales from the bottom, dust them with crushed activated carbon and place in a plastic bag.
3. Pour perlite or river sand into this container. The bag should be tied and kept for 6 weeks in diffused light at a temperature of 20-25 ° C and 6 weeks at a temperature of 17-20 ° C. During this time, one or more bulbs are formed at the base of the scales.
4. They are stored in the fridge or basement before planting; each flake will produce several bulbs.

How to propagate hyacinth by seeds

Hyacinth is propagated by seed, which is planted in the garden. It is very difficult to create the necessary conditions indoors, so this method did not take root among fans of indoor floriculture.

1. To germinate the seeds, make a shallow groove in the prepared bed in the fall and place the planting material in it. Sprinkle with a loose substrate about 1 cm thick.
2. Shoots will appear in the spring. During this period, the seedlings are very fragile, they must be regularly watered, loosened the soil and removed weeds.
3. The next year after sowing the seeds, the plants form small bulbs. At the end of the growing season, dig them up and provide the necessary conditions for a dormant period, like adult specimens.
4. Plant the young bulbs again in August.
5. Hyacinths grown from seeds bloom only in the sixth year, while the varietal characteristics of the plant are not preserved. Hyacinth is propagated by seeds, planting planting material in the garden

Florist reviews

Video: growing hyacinth at home

Growing hyacinth indoors and making it bloom in winter is not difficult at all. But as a reward for your efforts, you will receive delicate flowers with a bright aroma, which will brighten up cold winter days and will be an excellent gift for a special event.

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