In what pots to grow orchids at home

Among the thousands of orchid varieties, only a small part settle on the ground, the rest prefer to climb tree trunks, rocky ledges with the help of powerful roots and settle down in places where there is practically no soil. Therefore, pots for orchids grown at home are very different from the usual flower containers.

What should guide a florist when choosing a container for tropical beauties? How to find a suitable pot?

What kind of pot is needed for an orchid?

Epiphytes and lithophytes are plants that do not tolerate waterlogging of the roots. And when choosing a pot for an orchid, it is important to build on this basic, but not the only requirement.

Specialized containers for a plant of this family should provide:

• good moisture outflow;
• active aeration of the root system and substrate inside the pot;
• safe extraction of juicy, long rhizomes, which often diverge far beyond the container;
• temperature regime acceptable for the orchid.

Among orchids, there are species in which the roots not only absorb nutrients and moisture, but also actively participate in the process of photosynthesis.

What kind of orchid pot is needed in this case? Strange as it may sound for novice lovers of this culture, for such orchids it is necessary to purchase a completely transparent container.

How to choose an orchid pot made of clay, colored or clear plastic? Epiphytic plants do not need a large volume of substrate, therefore a large pot is not needed. The main thing that:

• there were drainage holes on the bottom and bottom of the walls;
• the height of the container was equal to the width of the neck;
• the volume corresponded to the size of the root system.

Most often, you can see an indoor orchid in a pot, as in the photo, made of plastic or ceramic. There are also breathable baskets for free root growth.

It is better to refuse a glass pot. It can injure not only the flower, but also the person, and besides, it does not allow the roots to breathe. It is better to use such a container as a spectacular planter for an orchid planted in transparent plastic.

Plastic Orchid Pots

This is the most common and preferred orchid pot. Plastic containers do not allow the root system to dry out, they are easy to maintain and can serve more than one plant.

In addition, the design of such an orchid pot provides several holes for draining excess moisture, which means that there is no need to worry about moisture retention in the substrate. If the existing drainage holes are not enough, the florist can independently, without the risk of destroying the container, make new ones.

Plastic easily tolerates being on a brightly lit windowsill and in the shade, reliably protecting the flower's root system from hypothermia or overheating.

Sometimes, when transplanting, orchid lovers are faced with a situation where the overgrown roots through the drainage holes have come out, and it will not be possible to remove the leaf rosette without damaging the pot or plant. In this case, the plastic can be easily cut with household scissors without damaging the roots at all, which is impossible if a ceramic or glass orchid pot is used.

For species whose roots are involved in the process of photosynthesis, transparent pots are offered. However, such containers are convenient to use not only for planting phalaenopsis and similar plants. You can clearly see through the plastic:

• how the root system develops;
• how moisture is consumed;
• how the substrate dries.

Therefore, such containers can be recommended for flower growers without much experience in keeping orchids. For a room orchid in a pot, as in the photo, it is easy and interesting to observe. Even the slightest damage to the roots or signs of overflow will not be hidden from a careful look.

Clay pots for orchids

A significant advantage of pots for orchids made of doused or unglazed ceramics is their excellent permeability to moisture and air. Irrigation moisture does not accumulate in one place, but effectively spreads throughout the earthen coma, the roots do not dry out for a long time and do not overheat.

But with a lot of advantages, this type of container also has disadvantages:

• rhizomes are firmly adhered to the porous surface of the ceramic, which is fraught with injury to the flower during reproduction and transplantation:
• the porosity of the pot decreases over time from salts penetrating into the material, which negatively affect both the clay and the condition of the orchid roots.

When planning to use a clay container, a florist must know how to properly plant an orchid in a pot.

Before planting the plant, clay orchid pots are disinfected, properly warmed up in the oven, and then soaked in clean irrigation water for a couple of hours. If a previously used vessel is used, it is useful to immerse it in acidified water. This will help get rid of any salt stains on the ceramics.

Video about the selection of a pot for an orchid

Of the many varieties of orchids, the majority grows in places with no soil:

• Climbing the trunks of trees
• Find a place on rocky ledges
• On stumps, etc.

Therefore, quite often, especially for beginners in floriculture, the question arises:

• "What pots to plant phalaenopsis in?" - indoor potted plant, which has gained great popularity today;
• What to be guided by when choosing a container for growing?

Let's try to figure it out.

How to choose a pot for Phalaenopsis orchid?

What kind of pot do you need for an orchid and how to choose it?

When choosing a pot for phalaenopsis, one should be guided by the requirements for it.

Moisture outflow

Orchid plants do not tolerate waterlogging of the roots.

Choosing a container for growing it is necessary make sure there are drain holes on the bottom and bottom of the pot. Or with the ability to make them yourself.

If impossible make such holes you will have to strictly monitor the humidity and come up with something with drainage.

Only professionals can grow in such containers. orchidists, who, thanks to many years of experience, "by eye" determine the condition of their pets.

Otherwise, there is a great risk of death of the flower.

Root aeration

Advice! If there is insufficient air circulation, you can install a small fan nearby.

The root system, due to its natural structure, covered
velamen.

It's spongy, multi-layered, hygroscopic dead tissuefilled with air.

In the absence of air circulation near the root zone, velamen starts to rot.

After losing such a shell, the plant is unable to absorb moisture and trace elements necessary for vital activity.

Temperature regime

Another important condition for the requirement for the selection of a flower pot is the material that provides the necessary temperature regime for the roots.

He should not contribute to overheating or hypothermia of the root of the plant.

Safe root extraction

Home for the root system should not embarrass her and be too free for her.

Perfect size the diameter of the pot is considered, which exceeds the size of the root part by 3-4 cm.

This will protect the roots from damage during transplantation, will evenly absorb moisture and dry it.

Not worth choosing a flower pot with a taper at the top.

What pot is needed for orchid: photo and description of species

Today, the variety of orchid flower pots is amazing.

At times it is difficult for beginners to make a choice.

The variety of pots used for orchids is great, but each container has its own characteristics.

Let's try to understand the pros and cons of each type.

First of all, they must meet the requirements:

• Ensure sufficient moisture drainage;
• Have good internal air circulation;
• Be safe to extract the root system;
• Maintain the required temperature regime.

Plastic

It is considered the most common and acceptable, especially for beginners, when growing phalaenopsis at normal home conditions.

Easy to maintain and allow you to easily make the required number of drainage holes.

Material well tolerates sunlight and lower temperaturesmaintaining the root temperature regime without sudden jumps.

Transparent containers give the ability to monitor the condition of the roots and substrate moisture.

Convenient when replanting a plant.

Even when the roots germinate through the drainage holes, the pot is easily cut without violating the integrity of the rhizome.

Transparency of plastic pots promotes roots to photosynthesize well.

Ceramic

Flower pots made of ceramic or clay flower growers used extremely rarely when growing orchids.

Even with good air permeability, the presence of drainage holes and ensuring a constant temperature regime, they have significant disadvantages.

Growing phalaenopsis in ceramic pots is possible, but only for experienced "Orchedeans"

The roots grow on the porous surface.

Same there is no way to monitor the state of the substrate and the root of the flower.

Glazed flower containers do not provide aeration.

To grow an orchid in a pot of cramica, it is necessary to create a good drainage system and ensure proper watering.

And this is achieved only by extensive experience in growing, which is characteristic only of professionals.

Planting a flower in this form is also requires certain procedures.

Purchased pot needs to be baked in the oven and disinfected.

A used container hold in acidified water, to get rid of salt stains.

Important! Such dishes for a flower, after watering and dressing, quickly become salted. At the same time, aeration is reduced, which leads to

diseases

and even death.

Glass vases

An orchid looks beautiful and aesthetically pleasing in such a pot.

With drain holes and good air exchange there are two major drawbacks:

• The accumulation of condensate on the walls;
• Growth of green algae on the roots.

To avoid such problems, you have to change the soil substrate two to three times a year.

If plastic containers are of various sizes, then choosing the right glass creates difficulties.

Phalaenopsis loves a little tightness of the root, therefore, it can be difficult to choose a glass flowerpot of a certain size.

From branches and twigs (baskets)

Flower baskets are made from both natural and artificial material.

A flower in a beautifully crafted basket looks very impressive.

Bamboo baskets are considered the most acceptable. or materials similar in smooth surface.

The porosity of the material is not enables root germination systems in them.

The disadvantage is considered the speed of drying the root part with the substrate, which creates certain difficulties and frequency when watering by immersion.

Basically hybrid species with peduncles are planted in such basketspointing down.

Also follows before planting with larger substrate. close the gaps between the rodsso that during cultivation the soil substrate does not spill out.

Hanging planter

Growing in a hanging planter not a bad option.

The plant, due to its height and asymmetric growth, does not fall over on the windowsill. It looks more natural.

In this case, the main condition is considered ensuring good aeration root part and sufficient lighting.

A flower pot with a plant is installed in the planter so that a finger passed between the wall of the planter and the container with the flower.

It is better to hang the planter not far from the window.providing the flower with enough sunlight.

There should also be more pay attention to the state of humidity root part.

How to determine the size of the pot?

Basic Rules

Size error will not allow Phalaenopsis to fully show its lush, sufficient flowering.

The choice of size must adhere to certain rules:

• So the height should be practically equal to the diameter of the neck;
• The root part fits freely in the container.

Orchidists recommend select the diameter of the neck so that the root part does not reach the walls by a maximum of 3-4 cm.

Mini

Since mini - phalaenopsis prefers high humidity, then a glass container will be a good container for it.

In order to maintain the humidity of the mini-phalaenopsis, a glass pot is needed.

This kind of orchid prefers small space in the root system, which is taken into account when choosing a mini - pot.

For kids

For kids mostly small container is selectedcalculated for a year of growth.

This can be a plastic cup or a cotton swab jar.

Basically any small plastic dish will do with the calculation of the growth of the child.

There are ways to growing in mini - greenhouses or even foam.

Transparent containers

Defining is possibility of visual observation behind the root system of the flower.

Define time and amount of watering or drying.

Also, phalaenopsis has more than just leaves participate in photosynthesisbut also the roots of the plant.

Therefore, transparency creates the necessary amount of light for this.

Transparent pots not only look aesthetically pleasing, but also promote photosynthesis of phalaenopsis roots.

Recommendation! A plastic, transparent container with drainage holes on the bottom and sides is a classic for growing phalaenopsis.

Possibility of using additional options

Autowatering

When breeding and growing several hybrid species of phalaenopsis, in recent years, floriculture lovers prefer automation of irrigation.

In addition to plant pots with auto-irrigation options, many growers use homemade remedies.

Aesthetic appearance and quality of irrigation determined by the owner of the orchid flower garden.

Convenience, reduction of time costs, simplicity of automatic irrigation settings - the main advantages of this additional option.

Other

Every year, flower pots come on the market with new additional options and functions to make plant care easier.

For orchids appeared containers with additional phyto-lightingm.

With various types of immersion trays and provision of autowatering, with frequent business trips or long-term absence.

DIY pot

Manufacturing at home for your decorative pet is quite any person can do.

The main thing - find a suitable plastic container.

For this fit:

• food container any shape,
• PET bottle or any other container, the size of which corresponds to the root system of the flower.

In the bottom and on the side walls drainage and air-penetrating holes are made.

The aesthetic appearance of such an invention can add a self-made planter.

It can be done withweave from any material at hand - twigs, wires, etc. It all depends on your design skills, skillful hands and available material.

Useful video

Video instruction on how to choose a pot for orchids:

Video review of orchid pots:

Watch the video for errors with closed systems:

The video below shows an example of creating a breathing pot with your own hands:

Conclusion

The price of phalaenopsis in a pot can vary due to the container in which it is sold; experienced orchid growers prefer to purchase it in a plastic shipping container and choose a growing vessel on their own.

So that your pet develops, grows and pleases with lush large flowers it is necessary to study in advance and decide which pot is needed for phalaenopsis exactly at your home.

And according to the humidity, temperature and illumination of the room, choose the required option.

Orchids are flowers that are extremely beautiful, but very demanding in terms of maintenance. This is especially true for orchids in pots, which many people like to grow at home.

However, even a pot needs to be chosen correctly for orchids so that they delight you with their flowering. Today we will tell you what the pots for these flowers should be and how to properly care for them at home. You will also see photos of orchids grown on balconies or window sills in flowerpots.

What should be the pot?

Orchids are among those types of flowers that do not grow in the ground, but attach to other plants. therefore pots for them should be selected so that they serve as a stand and support... If you choose it wrong, the root system will rot, and accordingly, the flower will die.

In natural conditions, orchids are strengthened on tree trunks, so their root system allows them to do. At home, this function is shifted to pots. They must have such a shape and structure so that the plant develops well., did not dry out and was not exposed to the negative effects of dry indoor air.

An orchid pot must be chosen from materials such as:

• glass;
• plastic;
• ceramics.

Also, the following conditions are put forward for pots for growing orchids:

• they must have a water drain;
• the presence of good aeration so that air flows to the rhizome;
• the volume of the pot and the size of the flower must match;
• the roots in the pot should be free and not touch the walls;
• the material of the container must maintain the optimum temperature and not overheat the flower;
• the container should be transparent so that the root system of the flower has access to sunlight.

Description of pots with photos

Below is a description of pots made of different materials. Some are shown in the photo.

Plastic containers for orchids

The most popular are plastic structures. The advantages of plastic are obvious:

• favorable cost;
• durable plastic;
• easy to clean;
• durable;
• transparent and transmits sunlight well.

Also, this characteristic is good in that you can look at the root system of the orchid, and prevent it from starting to rot. In plastic pots, you can make additional holes on the walls or bottom for drainage.

Glass constructions

Many people prefer to use glass-based pots for growing orchids. They are also transparent and transmit light well. Compared to plastic containers, they have an external appeal and perfectly decorate the interior.... But they also have a minus - it is the impossibility of making holes for drainage.

It is better to use glass containers for experienced flower lovers, but for beginners it is recommended to take plastic flowerpots. This is because the substrate in a glass container dries out unevenly, and the roots can rot. BUT poor air exchange can cause algae to appear on the walls of the vessel... And only an experienced gardener can prevent this. Features of ceramic pots

But ceramic orchid pots are not particularly suitable. Very often, the roots of a flower grow to their walls, and this is very traumatic for them. And what toCeramics are often heavily covered with a glazed layer, causing clogging of porestherefore, the plant has no access to air. But if you settled on a ceramic pot, then take a planter for orchids, and put a plastic container inside.

The cost of finished pots depends on the following factors:

• material of manufacture;
• decor;
• form.

The cheapest are plastic pots, the most expensive are ceramic pots.

DIY orchid pot

You can also make a pot for growing orchids yourself. To do this, you need to prepare a plastic base, for example, a food container. Choose the form yourself, but ohThe volume of the structure must match the size of the flower... In the bottom of the container, you need to make a large number of through holes with a knife, screwdriver or drill, it is also advisable to make them in the side walls of a homemade pot. From the inside in the middle of the container, install a shampoo stopper so that the flower cannot fit snugly to the bottom of the container and breathe better.

Preparing a substrate for a home orchid

You can buy ready-made orchid substrate from your specialist retailer. Or you can do it yourself according to the instructions:

• prepare pine bark by separating it from the trees;
• boil it for 20 minutes;
• dry;
• grind to the size you need.

If you soak such pieces of bark in fertilizer for a flower, it will bloom especially profusely. For this purpose, we put the substrate under oppression and fill it with ready-made dressing. After a few hours, the bark must be removed and dried.... Then the plant can be transplanted.

Orchid

When you are just starting to grow orchids in pots, it is better to buy special soil mixtures for them at specialized retail outlets. The packages always say which varieties they are suitable for, you should always pay attention to this.

Well, for those who have been growing these flowers for more than a year, it will be interesting to try to prepare the soil on their own based on a substrate with the addition of dry moss and earth from the garden.

Orchid transplant

Sometimes it becomes necessary to transplant these flowers. In this case, you need to follow these rules:

• prepare a new flowerpot, which should be 2 cm larger in diameter than the previous one;
• carefully remove the flower from the pot, taking care of the safety of its roots;
• carefully select the old substrate from the rhizome and discard it;
• look at the root system, take away rotten, old and damaged roots;
• those that remain are washed with warm running water;
• fill the new pot with a third of the substrate;
• we install a flower in it and straighten its roots;
• the free space is filled with a substrate by means of a wooden stick.

After transplanting, the orchid can be watered only after five days, and fed only after a month.

Home orchid care rules

Remember to replant a flower only when you really need it. Moreover, it can be transplanted even during flowering. The orchid can be rearranged from one place to another, so that she herself chooses the one that is most comfortable for her..

Lighting

How you follow the rules for lighting a flower depends on how it will bloom and whether it blooms at all. If the orchid if there is not enough light, then she will have little nutrition for a full vegetation cycle, and if it is too intense, the flower will simply burn out.

Therefore, it is very important to find a "golden mean" in this regard. If there is little light for the flower, then its leaves will acquire a dark green tint, and if there are too many, then they will either turn yellow or become covered with brown or dry spots.

Watering rules

Successful growth and flowering of orchids also depend on proper watering. In many ways, it all depends on the type of plant. Most orchids naturally are not in water and their roots cannot tolerate stagnant moisture. and saline solutions.

Some varieties need the soil to be slightly moist, while others are such that the substrate for them must dry out between waterings.

Watering intensity also depends on the following factors:

• dry air;
• temperature;
• lighting intensity;
• pot size;
• vegetation phase.

It is worth noting that orchids tolerate a lack of moisture more easily than an excess of it. They love intensive watering only during active growth, with the ejection of flower stalks and flowering. And here it is necessary to reduce their number in the period after flowering and in winterwhen there is little light and the room is cool.

For watering orchids, you need to use only settled water, as an option - boiled or filtered. After the plant has faded, at the bottom you need to count two vines or three buds, and cut off the rest.

When the last flower is dropped, the plant must be given rest: transfer it to a semi-dark place and keep at a temperature of 24 degrees. During this period, you cannot change the location of the plant and water it.... Spraying of roots is sometimes allowed.

What should be the temperature for orchids?

Most varieties of these flowers feel great at home with temperatures ranging from 18 to 27 during the day and 13 to 24 at night, respectively.

Very it is important to observe the difference in night and day temperatures for successful flowering. If the heating does not allow you to feel it, then it is necessary for the plant to be cooler at night than during the day, such conditions must be created independently.

Moving orchids to cooler areas at night can create new flower stalks faster.

In most cases, orchids are quite normal to perceive minor temperature fluctuations. But remember that when the temperature is lowered, watering should be reduced, and with an increase - accordingly, increase.

Now you know what a pot should be for growing a beautiful and healthy orchid at home, and what you need to do for this in terms of care. If follow all the rules and recommendations, the flower will delight you with its beauty.

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Hard to believe, but orchids are not much younger than ferns. They existed 130 million years ago. Perhaps no flower has overgrown with so many legends as the orchid. In one of them, it is said that the beautiful Aphrodite, running through the forest, lost her shoe, and in this place an equally beautiful flower, an orchid, grew.

Another tells of a broken rainbow, from the fragments of which orchids grew.

For a long time it was believed that breeding them is possible only in greenhouses. Now, indoor plant lovers proudly showcase the collection of orchids grown on the windowsills of city apartments.

Orchid - flower description

Pseudobulb

This is a seal on the stem that contains a supply of water. It is located almost at the root, it is from there that peduncles and leaves come. In shape, pseudobulbs are spherical, ovoid and cylindrical.

Leaves

Collected in a basal rosette, dense, green, oblong, at the same time wide enough.

Roots

They have a flattened shape, using which they stick to any plant.

Growing features

For a long time, the orchid was considered a difficult flower to grow at home. Now the situation has changed. The orchid is now a completely home flower. For successful cultivation, a little experience and practical knowledge are enough.

Planting an orchid at home

An orchid bought in a store does not always need to be transplanted, but only in a few cases:

• the flower does not keep in the pot, reasons: the leaves have grown on one side - you need not just transplant the orchid, but make the pot heavier or choose a heavy glass pots;
• if there was sphagnum moss in the shipping pot;
• if another pot is prepared for the orchid.
• there is little soil in the container, and the flower sways - fill up the substrate or transplant the orchid;
• root problems are visible through the transparent walls - the orchid must be urgently removed, bad roots removed, the cuts should be sprinkled with charcoal and replanted; if there are few healthy roots left, then the peduncle will have to be cut, otherwise the plant will die, the roots will not be able to fully provide it with nutrition;

Planting methods

The orchid is planted in a transparent pot, because its roots participate in photosynthesis on a par with leaves. There should be many holes at the bottom for water intake and excess drainage. The orchid pot can be plastic or glass. For step-by-step instructions on how to plant, see the Orchid Transplant section below.

Optimal planting time

The best time to plant is spring.

Soil for planting

Orchids are not suitable for ordinary soil: their roots are used to receiving a lot of air, at home most of them grow on trees. It is better to buy a ready-made orchid substrate. Then the plant is guaranteed normal air permeability. If this is not possible, you can mix pine bark chopped into small pieces (pieces about 1-2 cm in size) with garden soil.

The bark must be boiled within an hour. Crushed charcoal is added to the mixture.

Features of orchid care

In the process of caring for a plant, there are three main components: light, watering, temperature.

Location and lighting for the plant

Properly organized lighting is the key to successful orchid breeding. They need a lot of light, but it should be diffused, soft. In summer, sunlight is filtered using curtains or special filters that are glued to the window.

In the fall, you can let the sun's rays into the room: they will no longer be able to burn the delicate leaves of the flower. In winter, it is not only necessary to remove everything that interferes with natural light, but also to supplement it with artificial light. Daylight hours for orchids lasts up to 12 hours.

It is desirable that orchids stand on the southern windowsill, especially from autumn to spring, but they do well in the southeast and southwest, although there will be a problem of additional lighting. With good artificial light, some types of orchids feel comfortable on northern windowsills. Orchids can be taken outside, but do not forget to shade in time and do not expose to a draft.

Air humidity

Plants need high humidity.It is useful to spray regularly, increase the humidity in different ways, but only in a warm room. With cold content and high humidity, the orchid can rot the roots. Under all conditions, care for orchid leaves must be ensured by carefully wiping them with a damp cloth and sprinkling them.

When growing miniature orchids, the problem with moisture is solved simply. It is convenient to grow them in an aquarium. At the same time, watering is minimized: they have enough moisture in the environment for a long time and its supply in pseudobulbs.

Temperature regime for orchids

To choose a temperature for orchids, you need to know that different types of plants prefer different temperatures. You can distinguish:

Heat-loving

They need high temperatures, reaching 30-32 degrees in summer and not falling below 20. In winter, they grow at 15-18 degrees, but the difference between day and night temperatures should not be more than 3-4 degrees. These orchids are native to tropical forests: they are mainly phalaenopsis, dendrobiums, and some varieties of Cattleya.

Growing at medium temperature

In summer they will be satisfied with a temperature of 18-25 degrees, in winter 12-15. These orchids were once brought to Europe from the tropics, but from the mountains and foothills, hence the low growth temperatures. These are miltonia and odontoglossums.

Cool temperature lovers

In summer, such orchids will grow successfully at a temperature of 18-22 degrees, and in winter, 10-13 is enough. They are from highlands and subtropical regions. Australian dendrobiums, almost all papiopedilums.

But most orchid owners bought them in the store or received them as a gift, again the donor bought them, as a rule, at the nearest flower kiosk. They themselves and their ancestors were raised in Europe, most likely in Holland, and will feel great at temperatures of 20-27 degrees in summer and 15-18 in winter.

Orchids get sick stuffy in rooms: the room should be regularly ventilated. But you can't make drafts.

How to water properly

To organize the correct watering, you need to have a good idea of ​​the conditions under which the orchids grew in nature. And bring watering as close to natural as possible:

• all orchid plants are epiphytes, therefore, they can easily endure a short break in watering, but this should not be allowed often: the leaves of the orchid will begin to wrinkle;
• some orchids (phalaenopsis, cymbidium, pafiopedilum) like the substrate to be constantly slightly moist; others (oncidium, dendrobium, cattleya) require the soil to dry out first;
• the water should be soft and warm; ideal rain or thawed warmed up; tap can be boiled;
• it is better not to water the plant from above, but put it directly in a pot in a bowl of water and leave for a few minutes, then take it out, let the water drain.

Fertilizing and fertilizing a flower

Ideally, you don't need to fertilize your orchid. She has enough supply of nutrients available in the substrate. But then the flower should be transplanted regularly every two years.

If there was no transplant, then it is better to add top dressing. You cannot take any fertilizer for flowers. They only need special ones for orchids. It is necessary to strictly observe the proportions named in the instructions. Fertilizers are applied during the flowering period once a week.

Pruning orchids

Orchids are pruned after flowering.

Pruning methods

After the orchid blooms along the main axis, you can cut the peduncle, leaving up to 5 buds from the leaf outlet. Then peduncles from the buds below the cut can develop, and flowering will continue. When the plant has completely faded, all peduncles are cut off.

Orchid transplant

The flower is transplanted every two years to replenish the nutrients in the substrate. If the pot has become small, then it is transplanted more often. The plant is transplanted in the spring, but this cannot be done if the orchid has released a peduncle. It may not bloom.

Transplant methods

Transplantation raises many questions for novice florists. Here you need to follow a certain algorithm:

• carefully separate the walls of the pot and the root ball with a sharp narrow knife (the roots can grow into the pot);
• clean up old soil and cut off dead and rotten roots;
• pour a little soil into a new planter;
• install the plant in a pots, trying to keep it in the middle;
• gently spread the roots, they are brittle;
• first, little by little fill the voids between the roots, then the entire pot to the very edge, shaking it from time to time so that the substrate fills everything evenly;
• lightly crush the soil from above with something flat, for example, a spoon;
• After transplanting, the orchid is placed in a warm place and watered little by little.

Orchid propagation

It is not difficult to reproduce it at home if you have certain knowledge.

Reproduction methods

There are two main ways: by seed and vegetative propagation. When propagating by seeds, you may not get a plant that is the same as the parent.

Division

This method works if the plant is large. Then the rhizome itself disintegrates during transplantation. It can also be divided:

• the orchid is taken out of the container and the roots are thoroughly cleaned from the soil;
• with a knife, which has been previously disinfected over an open fire, divide the rhizome between pseudobulbs;
• the sections are powdered with charcoal;
• flowers are planted in pots according to the method already described.

It is better to do this in the spring.

Propagation by cuttings

Not all species can be divided this way, but some, for example, Vanda, succeed.

The apical shoot is separated with a sterile knife, the cut point is dipped in crushed coal and planted in a pot.

Reproduction by children (stem offspring)

Many flowers, for example, phalaenopsis and dendrobium, give side shoots, babies. If such a baby has formed, then it should be protected, sprayed often and patiently wait for it to give roots. Then it is separated and planted in a container, sprinkling the cut with coal.

The appearance of such a baby can be provoked. This requires: high room temperature and nitrogen fertilization.

Reproduction by layering (pseudobulbs)

The pseudobulb is carefully separated and, after coal treatment, is planted in the ground. Further care is watering.

Seed propagation

Orchid seeds are very small, this is the main difficulty of such reproduction. It is used only by those who are engaged in selection. The seeds are placed in an artificial nutrient medium under sterile conditions so that molds do not develop, and germinate within 3-9 months. Then they are planted in a substrate and wait another 2-3 years until the plant can be transplanted. Orchids grown from seeds bloom only after 3-4 years.

Orchid bloom

They buy a blooming orchid in the store. Therefore, each owner faces two acute questions: is it possible to make it bloom for a long time and how to force it to bloom again if it faded quickly.

When the orchid blooms

They bloom when they reach the age of 1.5-2.5 years.

In order for the orchid to please with flowering, it is necessary to create certain conditions for it:

• provide a long daylight hours, the orchid must lay the required number of buds and form peduncles, this is a long process;
• be sure to need drops in day and night temperatures, during this period they can reach 5-7 degrees.

But if the orchid does not want to bloom, you can try to force it by arranging extreme conditions of detention:

• keep it for 15-20 days at a temperature of 15-17 degrees;
• significantly reduce watering during this period.

In different types of orchids, flowers differ markedly both in shape and in shades of color. But there is also something in common: the lower petal resembles a lip in shape, there are two sepals on its sides, two side petals rise above them, and the upper sepal completes all this.

Orchid care during flowering

An orchid, depending on the species and how many buds were laid in preparation for flowering, can bloom from 2 to 10 months.During this period, watering is doubled, the air temperature should be at least 20-25 degrees.

Orchid care after flowering

First of all, the peduncle is cut to give the opportunity to form a new one. The orchid can be fed, followed by the usual care.

Pest disease problems

Diseases:

• anthracnose - manifests itself as brown spots with dots on the leaves; it is treated with preparations containing copper;
• fusarium - rotting spots appear on the leaves, this happens due to excess moisture — they are transferred to a dry room and watering is stopped;
• rust - rust spots on the bottom of the sheet — cannot be treated; the plant is destroyed so that others do not get infected;
• black rot - sprouts and leaves die off, the reason is in a too cold room - it is better to destroy the plant so as not to infect the rest.

Pests:

• aphid - destroyed by a mixture of milk and water in equal proportions;
• soft mite - the affected areas in the form of rosettes are cut out and sprinkled along the edge with ash;
• spider mite - the whole plant, window and windowsill are thoroughly washed with soap;
• scabbards - live in growths and bumps, get rid of them with the help of soap suds;
• thrips - translucent bugs living at the bottom of the leaf, the affected areas are cut out.

If such methods do not help, then they turn to chemicals and process the plant according to the instructions.

Popular species (varieties)

• Phalaenopsis orchid—The most widespread species in indoor floriculture, there are many hybrids on sale that successfully grow in the house;
• Dendrobium nobile orchid - there are many varieties, they all bloom in spring, the most popular is white orchid, such plants, which have a pure white color, come from Thailand;
• Cambria orchid- an artificially bred plant, it blooms for a long time, grows well on the windowsill;
• Ludisia orchid—A plant with very beautiful leaves, grows indoors only with very high humidity;
• Miltonia orchid- Difficult cultivar to breed, but with very beautiful fragrant flowers, similar in shape to pansies;
• Cymbidium orchid—Very large plants, now miniature varieties have been developed that are so easy to care for that they are offered to novice growers;
• Cattleya Orchid- a species with spectacular waxy flowers, hybrids of which grow successfully in rooms;
• Orchid wanda - successfully grows indoors up to a meter;
• Oncidium - flowers resemble butterflies, grows in the house, but with strict adherence to the rules of care.

Useful tips (note to the florist)

• If the bathroom has a large enough window, then this is the optimal place for the orchid.
• It is better to buy orchids in spring or summer.
• If the flower has given aerial roots, then they must be sprayed.
• After the orchid has faded, it must be rearranged to a new place.

Answers to readers' questions

What is the lifespan of a plant?

Each species has its own lifespan. At home, orchids live from 3 to 10 years.

Can this plant be kept at home?

This flower will be a decoration for any home.

Is this flower poisonous?

This houseplant is not poisonous.

Why isn't the orchid blooming?

No preparatory measures were taken.

Why do the leaves turn yellow (dry)?

The reason is most often in excess or lack of moisture.

How does the plant overwinter?

Winters in a cool room with an average temperature of 15 to 18 degrees and limited watering.