Description of trametess multicolored
Tinder fungus is also called the Turkish tail. It has a rather specific look, so it is difficult to confuse it with other fruits. For medicinal use, it is necessary to know what it looks like and by what characteristics it can be recognized.
What does a mushroom look like
Having noticed this "miracle of nature" in the forest, not all mushroom pickers can understand that there is a multicolored trame in front of them. Many people mistake it for a tree polyp, and the reason for this is its specific appearance. However, this specimen is a full-fledged mushroom, which has a structure familiar to the fruiting body.
Looking at the trameteos, you might think that it just "stuck" to the wood in an incomprehensible way. Its leg is extremely difficult to notice, since it is hidden under a wide hat.
The structure and features of the species
If you take a closer look at the multi-colored tinder fungus, you can see that its structure is no different from that inherent in other mushrooms. The main characteristics of the fetus:
- Hat. Spread out and rather large: it occupies 80% of the entire area of the fruiting body of the tinder fungus. The hat is perennial, in shape it resembles an unfinished semicircle. In some cases, it has a fan-shaped shape, sometimes it resembles a socket. Its diameter ranges from 5 to 10 cm in mature fruits. The hat is tightly attached to the wood with a leg. If you look at the tinder fungus from above, you can see that it is covered with numerous, but very thin lines. They are painted in bright shades, and smooth areas alternate with fuzzy areas. At the edges, the cap has a lighter shade, which indicates the minimum concentration of nutrients in their tissues. As the name suggests, the mushroom has a multi-colored coloration. Upon careful examination, you can trace the presence of silver, blue, black, white, yellow, red tones. In appearance, the surface of the cap is shiny, wet. But if you touch it, you will notice that it is completely dry. Narrowed cap base. The closer it is to the leg, the greener its color.
- Leg. It is difficult to notice it, since it is very thin and small, up to 2 cm long. But it is thanks to its presence that the fruit is attached to the wood. The color of this part of the tinder fungus depends on its age. Most often in young fruits, it is greenish, and in old ones it becomes darker.
- Pulp. In contrast to the cap, the flesh of the tramesto is monochromatic, light, but thinner and leathery. On contact with oxygen, it quickly begins to acquire a brown color.
The hymenophore of the trameteor is tubular. These tubules contain whitish spores. As the fungus ages, the spongy part begins to turn brown, and the tubes stick together.
Note: The mushroom in question is not edible. It is collected and used exclusively for medicinal purposes.
Ocher trametes
Description
Fruit bodies are annual, small (1.5 to 5 cm across), semicircular or shell-shaped, usually widely attached, usually located in more or less numerous tiled groups. On horizontal substrates - for example, on the surface of stumps - they can grow in rosettes. The edge of young fruit bodies is rounded, in mature ones it is sharp, slightly curved downwards. There is a tubercle at the base of the cap.
The upper surface is matt to velvety and softly pubescent, with more or less pronounced concentric stripes in a gray-ocher-brown range. The stripes are slightly blurred. With pronounced banding, the base of the cap is often dark. In general, despite the modest color scheme, ocher trametes are colored very differently. Some examples even boast orange tones. The pubescence can also be zonal, with alternating pubescent and non-pubescent stripes, as well as stripes with vertical and pressed pile.
The lower surface of young fruiting bodies is from milky white to creamy; when dry it becomes brownish. When damaged, the color practically does not change. The pores are rounded, 1 - 4 mm deep, 3 - 4 pores per millimeter.
Spores are curved-cylindrical (allantoid, or sausage-shaped), smooth, 5.5-8 x 2.3-3.1 μm, non-amyloid. Spore powder is white.
The fabric is white, dense, leathery or corky. The smell is described by different authors in different ways: from expressionless to resembling the smell of freshly caught fish. The taste is unexpressed.
Ecology and distribution
Ochreous Trametes grows on dry and pale deciduous trees, causing white rot. Human economic activity does not interfere with it, on the contrary, but since it does not grow on living wood, it does not cause any significant damage, for example, to forestry. This is a fairly common species in the Northern Hemisphere. Old fruiting bodies decompose slowly, therefore ocher tramesto can be found throughout the year, although it looks most spectacular in autumn, during the period of active sporulation.
Similar species
Trametes versicolor (Trametes versicolor) has an incredibly varied color and darker tones, although its light and brown forms can be confused with ocher trametes.
In this case, you should pay attention to the tubercle at the base of the cap (it is absent in the multicolor trametess), the pore size (they are slightly smaller in the multicolor trametess) and the size of the spores (they are much smaller in the multicolor trametess)
Hard-haired trametes (Тrametes hirsutum) is distinguished by grayish or olive tones of the upper surface (which in old fruiting bodies is often overgrown with epiphytic algae) and hard pubescence up to bristly. In addition, hard-haired trametus grows not only on dead wood, but also on living trees.
In trametes pubescens, the fruit bodies are white or yellowish, the pores are thin-walled, angular, and the mushroom itself is very short-lived - it is quickly destroyed by insects.
Trametes ochracea: what it looks like, where and how it grows, edible or not
In addition, typical T. pubescens and T. hirsuta differ significantly in the nature of the hair on the caps: in T. hirsuta, the hairs are arranged in bunches, hard and more or less brittle; in T. pubescens, they are of various shapes, but they are usually not collected in rigid bundles, as a rule, they are more elastic. The main difference between T. pubescens and T. hirsuta is that the pores are thinner and less regular in the mature state.
f.068 Trametes pubescens - fluffy trametes (including T. velutina - covered trametes, 5-8)
Some mycologists recognize another species with pronounced pubescence on the cap of Trametes velutina - covered trametess. Diagnosis of this species differs in various manuals, and the species itself is most often considered synonymous with T. pubescens. Those mycologists who distinguish T. velutina refer to this species as mushrooms with small fruiting bodies and tender (often slightly appressed) tomentose pubescence of the caps, although these features may often be uncorrelated. The small size of the fruit bodies can be associated with the size of the substrate (for example, such fruit bodies are often found on cherries, plums in the Non-Black Earth Region). To classify the fungus as T. velutina, it is necessary to make sure that the pores are thin-walled and uneven. Otherwise, we are dealing with the small albinistic form T. hirsuta.
Trametes versicolor - multicolored trametes and Trametes ochracea - ocher trametes
Trametes versicolor - multicolored trametes (multicolored tinder fungus). This beautiful tinder fungus is characterized by large clusters of fruiting bodies, which can be tiled or collected in rosettes. Hats are fan-shaped with a narrowed base, medium-sized, up to 8 cm in greatest dimension. The surface is velvety, concentric-zonal, the zones are painted in various shades of blue, gray, black, yellow-brown. The fabric is very thin, leathery, white.Hymenophore whitish to straw yellow with very short tubules, pores from rounded to angular 3-5 by 1 mm.
f.069 Trametes versicolor - multicolored trametes (multicolored tinder fungus)
This mushroom is an annual, dried fruit bodies rarely persist until next spring. T. versicolor grows on many deciduous woods, occasionally on conifers. It is also found on processed wood as a warehouse and house mushroom. Widespread species.
Trametes ochracea - ocher trametes. The fruiting bodies of this tinder fungus, very similar in appearance to T. versicolor, are annual, but often hibernating, sessile or prostrate-bent, with a hump at the base, with medium-sized caps, usually up to 7 cm in greatest dimension, leathery or leathery-corky. The surface is concentrically zoned, with zones alternating in color and pubescence (appressed and vertically pubescent or tomentose, sometimes completely naked). The zones themselves are somewhat blurred and gray and yellow-brown tones prevail here. The tissue is thin, white, somewhat darkening with age. The surface of the hymenophore is whitish to ocher-yellow, the tubules are short, up to 2 mm long. The pores are entire, from rounded to angular, 3-4 by 1 mm.
Form 070 Trametes ochracea - ocher trametes
T. ochracea grows on dead and dead trunks, stumps and branches of many deciduous species, as an exception on conifers. Usually in groups, from very small to numerous clusters of tiled fruit chalk. More massive fruiting bodies often grow on large lumber and large stumps. This species is also found on treated wood.
Wedge “T. ochracea / T. versicolor ”can be distinguished as follows: - there is a dark-colored hump at the base, zones are blurred - T. ochracea, - funnel-shaped without a hump at the base, clear zoning - T. versicolor.
Trametes multicolored - description, where it grows, the poisonousness of the mushroom
Trametes multicolored is a tinder fungus, which has a peculiar structure of the fruiting body (resembles a strongly unfolded fan). Grows in fairly large groups. Instances in groups are arranged as sockets. These representatives of the tinder family, belonging to inedible species, have a solid set of useful properties: antibacterial, antiviral.
Description of the species
Multicolored trametez is a perennial mushroom, the maximum size is up to 90 mm in width and 50 mm in length. The shape of representatives of this species can be completely different, most often it is rounded. In fact, it is a parasite fungus that grows to the trunk of trees.
The surface of the fruit body of the trametess is rather delicate, characterized by many convolutions with different color shades - from yellowish to dirty brown. As a rule, the edges are slightly lighter than the central part of the cap. The color of the base of the fruit body is dark olive, the pulp has a pleasant aroma.
Procurement of raw materials
Trametes belongs to inedible types of mushrooms, most often it is collected for subsequent harvesting for medicinal purposes. The peak of fruiting and harvesting is from August to September inclusive.
Harvesting tramesto involves cutting off young specimens and then cleaning them. After that, a special heat treatment is performed - the mushrooms are dried, while the temperature in the oven should be no more and no less than the specified values (range from 50 to 60 degrees). Thoroughly dried raw materials, as a rule, are crushed to obtain a powdery mass, which is poured into an airtight container (container or package) and sterilized.
Trametes in traditional medicine
This type of mushroom is widely known in Asian countries and has long been used as a remedy in Chinese traditional medicine. This is due to the content of many useful components in the mushroom pulp: bioactive polysaccharides, peptides, glycoproteins, triterpenes, saturated fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins and trace elements.
Basically, raw materials obtained from this mushroom are used for the treatment of oncological diseases (malignant neoplasms). A decoction from ready-made raw materials is prepared directly for treatment.
Also, often in Asian countries, trametes is used to treat a fairly large number of infectious diseases and ailments of internal organs. For these purposes, special mushroom infusions are prepared.
In Japan, trametes is used to treat diabetes mellitus, hypertension, rheumatism and thrombosis. As a rule, a medicinal ointment is prepared from the mushroom.
Application in traditional medicine
In Japan and China, raw materials from this type of mushroom are used as one of the components of the complex treatment of oncological diseases. This is because the use of trametess as a medicine helps make atypical cells more sensitive to the effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Also, drugs based on this type of mushroom help in suppressing the inflammatory processes that accompany some ailments.
Contraindications and what to consider
However, you should not use raw materials obtained from the fruit bodies of trameta for the treatment of children, as well as women during the period of childbearing and lactation.
Any use of this remedy must always be agreed with the attending physician. Do not forget that any medicine can bring both benefits and harm to the body.
Interesting fact
- Trametes is also known under such names as Mist Mushroom, Wungji, Kawaratake.
- In Asian countries, to this day, trametes is used to treat inflammatory processes of the respiratory system.
- The most valuable mushroom is considered in Japan, the profit from the sale of finished raw materials reaches several million dollars annually.
The use of tramesto for medicinal purposes
The use of the Turkish tail is possible both for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Observe safety precautions when using the product!
Preparations based on tinder fungus
A drug based on this type of tinder fungus is prescribed for the prevention or in the complex therapy of diseases that are oncological in nature or predispose to cancer. Localization of pathological processes in which trametes is prescribed:
- Gastrointestinal tract;
- broncho-pulmonary system;
- genitourinary tract;
- mammary gland.
The drug shows good performance in the fight against:
- prostatitis;
- adenoma of the prostate gland;
- myoma of the uterus and other organs;
- fibroadenomatosis;
- diffuse fibrous mastopathy, etc.
The drug is available in capsule form. The starting dosage is 2 capsules per day (200 mg). But if necessary, the dosage regimen can be changed by increasing the concentration of trametess extract to 600 mg / day (6 capsules).
Important! Before starting treatment, be sure to consult your doctor!
Use in traditional medicine
On the basis of a multi-colored tinder fungus, several medicinal compositions are prepared:
- Tincture. You can buy it at a pharmacy or prepare it yourself by pouring 1 part of mushroom powder with 10 parts of vodka or alcohol. After 14 days, the product is ready for use. It should be taken in 15-40 drops, diluted or washed down with a sufficient amount of water. The product should be consumed three times a day, half an hour before or one hour after meals.
- Broth. 2 tbsp. l. Pour 1 liter of water into the chopped mushroom pulp and simmer under a lid over low heat for an hour. Thoroughly filter the finished medicine, squeeze out the cake. Drink the broth chilled 1 glass 2 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Treatment with such folk remedies based on a multi-colored tinder fungus should be continued until the symptoms of the disease disappear. The duration of the 1st course is 2-3 weeks. After that, you need to take a break and, if necessary, repeat the therapy.
Be careful! Do not give such medicines to children under 14 years of age! They are also prohibited during pregnancy and lactation. Observe all safety measures, and in case of adverse reactions, consult a doctor immediately.
Characteristics and description of the structure
The diameter of the mushroom is 3-5 cm, the length is 5-8 cm. It is characterized by a fan-shaped and semicircular shape. This species grows sideways to wood. At the base, several fruiting bodies can grow together; singly, they almost never grow. It has a very silky, velvety and delicate surface, which is alternately replaced by bare and fleecy areas. The color ranges from grayish, bluish to yellowish and brown. The edges of the cap are usually lighter than the center of the mushroom. The base of this tinder fungus has a greenish tint. After drying, it becomes white.
The hat is semicircular, no more than 10 cm in diameter. The name suggests that it has a multi-colored color. Most often, these are sinuous areas of gray, white, dark blue, yellow, brown, black and silver, with a silky and shiny surface to the touch.
The hymenophore (lower part of the cap) is fine-pored, tubular, light, slightly yellowish in color. Ripe fruit bodies acquire a brownish tint and narrow edges.
The flesh of the multicolored tramesto is thin, light and leathery. The cut is white or brown. The smell is peculiar, pleasant.
A bit of history
Originally described in 1753 by Karl Linnaeus, who gave it the binomial name Boletus versicolor, it was only in 1939 that this species was renamed Trametes versicolor by the Czech mycologist Albert Pilat (1903 - 1974).
Application
PSK is used in Japan, China and Australia as an adjuvant (enhancer of the main drug) in chemotherapy for gastric cancer, rectal cancer and lung carcinoma. A statistically significant increase in the lifespan of cancer patients was shown with the use of PSK. The use of PSK in the treatment of breast, liver and leukemia cancers has been less definitive. The Chinese version of PSK has a slightly different composition and is known as PSP.
Trametes multicolored is included in the collection for the treatment of liver diseases and chronic bronchitis.
Laccase secreted by the mycelium of the fungus has the ability to break down a wide range of organic pollutants. This makes the enzyme preparation a promising tool for biotechnological methods of soil purification from pesticides and wastewater from phenolic compounds. It is also of interest to use laccase for bleaching paper pulp instead of the currently used environmentally unsafe bleaching process using chlorine compounds.
May improve the effectiveness of certain cancer therapies
Thanks to the many beneficial compounds found in Trameteor, it is commonly used in tandem with traditional treatments for certain cancers, such as chemotherapy.
A review of 13 studies found that patients who received 1–3.6 grams of turtleneck per day along with conventional treatment had significantly better survival rates.
The study found that people with breast cancer, stomach cancer, or colorectal cancer who were treated with Trameteau and chemotherapy experienced a 9% reduction in mortality over 5 years compared to people treated with chemotherapy alone ().
Another review of 8 studies involving more than 8000 people with stomach cancer found that those who received chemotherapy with PSK lived longer after surgery than people who received chemotherapy without PSK ().
A study in 11 women with breast cancer found that those who received 6-9 grams of turkey grass powder per day after radiation therapy experienced an increase in the number of cancer-fighting cells in the immune system, such as killer cells and lymphocytes. ().
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Hazelnut - a nut, also known as hazel, Lombard nut. It is a domesticated wild-growing hazelnut. The shrub grows well in garden plots, it can be planted as a hedge and get a double benefit - both beautifully and tasty nuts in the diet. For better pollination, you need to plant 2 - 3 different varieties.
Are you going to buy hazelnut seedlings in Kiev or near Kiev? Our nursery offers several varieties of this shrub, order hazelnut seedlings on our website.
Application and benefits
But the most valuable thing is the fruit. They are eaten both as an independent product and as an ingredient for confectionery and other dishes. Useful butter, paste, flour are made from hazelnuts. Nuts can be pickled or candied.
In terms of nutritional value, hazelnuts are superior to meat; it is absorbed by the body much easier than animal protein. Hazel contains a healthy fat that helps lower blood cholesterol levels. Hazelnuts can be consumed by people with diabetes, since the level of carbohydrates in it does not exceed 5%. Hazel fruits have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system and liver.
Planting and leaving
Before buying hazelnut seedlings in Ukraine, we suggest learning about the main nuances of planting and caring for a plant. Hazelnuts love light, moisture and warmth. It is better to plant a shrub in places where there are no through winds. In spring, the site should not be flooded with water, as this negatively affects the development of the plant.
Hazelnuts are unpretentious. It is necessary to loosen the trunks only before the period of active fruiting. Watering the established bushes in the warm season is necessary at least 1 time per month, if the summer is dry - 2 times.
Nursery "KIEVsad" offers to buy seedlings of fruit trees and bushes in Kiev and Kiev region. We have a huge selection of different crops for a summer cottage or farms. Come, call, order on the website - we will send the seedlings anywhere in the country. We wish you high yields!
Contains immunostimulating polysaccharopeptides
Polysaccharopeptides are protein-bound polysaccharides (carbohydrates), which are found, for example, in the extract of turkey grass.
Krestin (PSK) and Polysaccharide Peptide (PSP) are two types of polysacharopeptides found in Trametess varicoloured ().
PSK and PSP have powerful immunomodulatory properties. They stimulate the immune response by both activating and inhibiting certain types of immune cells and suppressing inflammation.
For example, test-tube studies have shown that PSP increases monocytes, which are types of white blood cells that fight infection and boost immunity ().
PSK stimulates dendritic cells, which increase immunity to toxins and regulate the immune response. In addition, PSK activates specialized white blood cells called macrophages that protect your body from harmful pathogens such as certain bacteria ().
Due to their ability to naturally strengthen the immune system, PSP and PSK are commonly used as anti-cancer agents in combination with surgery, chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy in countries such as Japan and China ().
External description of a multicolored trametess.
Its fruit body is perennial. Its shape is semicircular or fan-shaped, but in rare cases it is rosette-shaped. Its length is 5-8 centimeters, and its width reaches 5 centimeters. It is a sessile mushroom that grows sideways to the surface of the tree. Often several fruiting bodies grow together at the base.
The surface of the mushroom is completely covered with twisting thin areas of various shades, with alternating bare and fleecy areas. The edges of the cap of the multicolored trametess are lighter than the middle.
A characteristic feature of this type of mushroom is the multi-colored caps. On the top there may be areas of blue, white, silver, black, ocher yellow, brown, brown. The surface of the mushroom is shiny, silky to the touch. The base is most often narrowed, velvety, silky to the touch. The base shade is usually greenish.
The hymenophore of the multicolored trameta is represented by a tubular type, with small pores of irregular size and shape. The tubes have narrow edges. The color of the tubules is slightly yellowish, and in adulthood it becomes brownish, in rare cases a red tint can be observed.
The pulp is thin, leathery, light. Its color is white or brown, and when it fades, it becomes whitish, with almost no tint. The smell of the pulp of the multicolored trametess is pleasant.
Places of growth of multicolored tramestones.
Fruiting in these polypores occurs from mid-June to late October. They prefer to settle on old trees, logs, stumps, mainly on birches and oaks. In rare cases, multicolored trametess settle on conifers.
Variegated tinder fungi are often found, but they grow mainly in small groups, but they never occur singly. They are common in many forests on the planet. But on the territory of Russia, this species of tinder fungus is practically unknown. These fungi multiply rapidly and often cause heart rot on trees.
Rich in antioxidants
Antioxidants are compounds that help inhibit or reduce damage caused by oxidative stress.
Oxidative stress occurs due to an imbalance between antioxidants and unstable molecules known as free radicals. This can lead to cell damage and chronic inflammation ().
This imbalance has also been associated with an increased risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases (,).
Fortunately, eating foods rich in antioxidants or taking these powerful compounds in supplement form can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.
Tumbleweed has an impressive amount of antioxidants, including phenols and flavonoids ().
In fact, one study identified more than 35 different phenolic compounds in a sample of Trametus extract, as well as the flavonoid antioxidants quercetin and baicalein ().
Phenol and flavonoid antioxidants support the health of the immune system by reducing inflammation and stimulating the release of protective compounds ().
For example, quercetin has been shown to promote the release of immunoprotective proteins such as interferon-y while inhibiting the release of the pro-inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) ().
