Ambiguous representative of the genus

Ideas for gazebos 2 by 3 meters

You can cover the gazebo with a wooden crate. It will allow you to hide the people sitting inside, and they, in turn, will perfectly see the entire territory.

With figures at the entrance

Another pleasant feature of the grilles is partial shelter from direct sunlight and wind. It certainly saves from the sun, it creates some coolness inside. With the wind, everything is worse, but the effect is still definitely there.

We do not think that it is advisable to make such a small building closed.

Sizes 2 by 3, this is a great playground for summer evenings in the open air. It definitely makes sense to hide from the wind by making 2-3 sides closed, but completely glazing the building is not interesting.

In stores, open gazebos are presented in large numbers.

Due to their small size, the price for them is one of the lowest on the market. This is a great option for those who consider their gazebo as a small building next to the house.

"Single slopes" are recognized as the most economical type of roof. They require a minimum of building materials, mental and labor efforts. The design of the rafter system is so simple that even an inexperienced summer resident can cope with its construction.

Mushroom ryadovka openkovidny or bandaged (tricholoma focale): photo and description, distribution and application

A row of honeydew-shaped or tied - a very rare lamellar representative of the mushroom "kingdom", which forms mycorrhiza with pine. It is classified as conditionally edible, which means that this fruit body can be eaten after thorough heat treatment.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the appearance of the honeycomb ryadka thanks to the photo and description.

Description of the row of crimson (bandaged)

Latin name: Tricholoma Focale.

Family: Ordinary.

Synonyms: bandaged ryadovka, skull. Latin synonyms: Armillaria zelleri, Tricholoma zelleri.

Hat: 5 to 10 cm in diameter, sometimes up to 12 cm.

Young specimens have a convex cap, but as they mature, it straightens out and becomes convex-outstretched, and then almost flat. Sometimes fibrous-scaly, the edges are often cracking, sometimes you can observe the remnants of a flocculent blanket on their surface.

The photo shows that the bandaged row has a reddish-brown, orange-red or brick-brown hat, the edges of which are lowered down.

Leg: long (from 4 to 10 cm) and thick (up to 3 cm in diameter), cylindrical, fusiform, sometimes narrowed at the base. At a young age, the structure is hard and dense, and at an old age it becomes hollow, longitudinally fibrous.

The leg of the row of the honeycomb is shown in the photo below:

Pulp: white, dense, firm, has a weak smell of fresh flour and slightly bitter taste, sometimes completely tasteless. As for the stalk of the mushroom ryadovka honeycomb, here the pulp is fibrous. Under the skin, the pulp has a slight reddish tint.

Blades: notched, frequent, partially adhered to the peduncle, white or slightly yellowish. In young specimens, the plates are completely hidden under a fibrous cover of a reddish-brown hue. With age, this veil breaks, leaving traces.

Spores: ovate or globular, white.

Edible: conditionally edible mushroom, but abroad it is classified as poisonous. Can be eaten only after preliminary heat treatment. After boiling for 30 minutes, the broth must be drained, without the possibility of further use.

Similarities and differences: it is almost impossible to confuse with any poisonous representative. The only species that looks like a bandaged row is the white-brown row (Tricholoma albobrunneum).The latter also grows in groups, preferring pines.

However, these species have noticeable differences: the white-brown row has a very strong bitterness and an unusual two-zone, even leg. Although there is information that this mushroom is boiled and then eaten.

A photo and description of the mushroom ryadovka honeydew will help to correctly distinguish it from inedible similar species.

Application and distribution of a row

Application: applied fresh (after boiling), fried, salted and pickled. In addition, the tied row produces delicious mushroom caviar, as well as first courses.

Distribution: grows in pine forests, preferring green mosses and sandy soils. Grows in small groups or singly from mid-August to mid-October.

Some specimens can grow even after the first snows, but the weather does not allow them to ripen to the end for spores to appear. The fungus is widespread in the forests of Europe and North America.

Those mushroom pickers who are familiar with the appearance and taste of the tied row (Tricholoma Focale) note that this is a very beautiful, strong fruit body. In addition, this representative has a juicy, dense pulp that does not wrinkle or crumble.

Many people are impressed by the honeycomb ryadovka, because its structure perfectly tolerates both heat treatment and freezing. Thanks to this feature, the mushroom has a great advantage - unique crunchiness. Experienced lovers of "quiet hunting" note that it is better to use young and closed fruiting bodies.

Sometimes the smell of ryadovka is not pleasant to all "fans" of mushroom dishes, but this is fixable - you can get rid of the specific aroma with the help of spices and herbs.

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Where and when it grows

It is not easy to notice the greenery, since its leg can go into the soil almost completely, and the hat can be overlooked because of the color, which often coincides with fallen leaves, needles or moss. These "secretive" mushrooms are found in temperate latitudes: Volgograd, Samara, Voronezh, Saratov, Omsk regions, Siberia, the Urals, Altai, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, some countries of Central Asia and Europe, the USA and Canada.

Rowing green prefers coniferous forests, mainly pine. Rarely, but can be found in deciduous and mixed forests. Chooses sandy or sandy soil. You can find a row along a forest belt, swamps and ditches, under aspens. Mushrooms grow in a semicircle or in a circle of 5-8 fruit chalk. You can see that greenfinches are lined up by age category: first, adults, and then young. Sometimes you can find single specimens.

Fruiting lasts from the end of August until the very frost. Silent hunting for green rowing begins closer to mid-September. At this time, the grass will already dry out, and it will be easier to find the mushrooms.

Row earthy gray (Tricholoma terreum)

• Other names for the mushroom:
• Ground row
• Mice

Synonyms:

• Ground row
• Agaricus terreus
• Agaricus pullus
• Tricholoma bisporigerum

Description

Hat: 3-7 (up to 9) centimeters in diameter. In youth, it is conical, broadly conical or bell-shaped, with a sharp conical tubercle and a turned edge. With age, it is convex-spread, flat-spread, with a noticeable tubercle in the center (unfortunately, this macro feature is not present in all specimens). Ash gray, grayish, mouse gray to dark gray, brownish gray. Fibrous-scaly, silky to the touch, with age the fibers-scales diverge somewhat and white, whitish flesh shines through between them. The edge of an adult mushroom may crack.

Plates: adherent toothed, frequent, wide, white, whitish, grayish with age, sometimes with an uneven edge. May (optional) acquire a yellowish tint with age).

Cover: present in very young mushrooms. Grayish, gray, thin, cobweb, quickly disappearing.

Leg: 3-8 (10) centimeters long and up to 1.5-2 cm thick.White, fibrous, with a slight powdery coating on the cap. Sometimes you can see the "ring zone" - the remains of the bedspread. Smooth, slightly thickened towards the base, rather fragile.

Spore powder: white Spores: 5-7 x 3.5-5 microns, colorless, smooth, broadly ellipsoid.

Flesh: thin-fleshy cap, fragile leg. The flesh is thin, whitish, darker, grayish under the skin of the cap. Does not change color when damaged. Smell: pleasant, soft, floury. Taste: soft, pleasant.

Ecology

It grows on soil and litter in pine, spruce and mixed (with pine or spruce) forests, plantings, in old parks. Fruiting frequently, in large groups.

Season and distribution

Late mushroom. Distributed throughout the temperate zone. Fruiting from October until severe frosts. In the southern regions, in particular, in the Crimea, in warm winters - until January, and even in February-March. In eastern Crimea, in some years - in May.

Edibility

The situation is controversial. Until recently, Ryadovka earthy was considered a good edible mushroom. "Myshata" in Crimea is one of the most widespread and most popular mushrooms harvested, one might say, "breadwinner". They are dried, pickled, salted, prepared fresh.
However, in recent years, a number of studies have been carried out showing that the use of an earthy-gray ryadovka can cause rhabdomyolysis (myoglobinuria) - a syndrome that is quite difficult to diagnose and treat, which is an extreme degree of myopathy and is characterized by the destruction of muscle tissue cells, a sharp increase in the level of creatine kinase and myoglobin. , myoglobinuria, development of acute renal failure.

Therefore, we carefully classify the mushroom as conditionally edible: edible, provided that you do not eat more than 46 kg of fresh mushrooms in a short period and provided that you do not have a predisposition to rhabdomyolysis and kidney disease. Notes: Such popularity among the Crimean people is probably connected not so much with the high nutritional qualities of "mice" (the mushroom, according to the old classification, not the first category, but the fourth), but with the fact that "mice" is the most widespread mushroom there. In Bulgaria it is considered very mediocre, in Belarus it is rare and usually not harvested, in Russia it does not have such a resource value, although it is widespread everywhere

Notes: Such popularity among the Crimean people is probably connected not so much with the high nutritional qualities of "mice" (the mushroom, according to the old classification, not the first category, but the fourth), but with the fact that "mice" is the most widespread mushroom there. In Bulgaria, it is considered very mediocre, in Belarus it is rare and usually not harvested, in Russia it does not have such a resource value, although it is widespread everywhere.

Similar species

Row gray (Tricholoma portentosum) - fleshy, in wet weather with an oily cap.
Silver row (Tricholoma scalpturatum) - slightly lighter and smaller, but these signs overlap, especially considering the growth in the same places.
Row sad (Tricholoma triste) - differs in a more pubescent hat.
Tiger row (Tricholoma pardinum) - poisonous - much fleshy, more massive.

Benefits and harm to the body

Useful properties with moderate use of greenfinches:

• prevention of oncological diseases;
• strengthening bones and cardiovascular system;
• fight against "bad" cholesterol;
• normalization of the central nervous system;
• prevention of colds;
• beneficial effect on the function of the pancreas;
• normalization of blood sugar levels.

People with diseases associated with blood clotting should not eat greenfinches. It has been proven that when a green ryadovka enters the body of a fruiting body, the number of platelets and blood viscosity increase. This can lead to the risk of blood clots and heart attack. In case of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is also worth refraining from eating these mushrooms.

Regular consumption of a row of green can lead to hepato-, cardio- and myotoxicity.

It is strictly forbidden to eat greenfinches when:

• poor functioning of the immune system;
• children under 10 years of age;
• pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• tendency to allergic reactions;
• headache;
• fainting;
• flatulence;
• inflammation of the mucous membranes of the intestinal tract;
• malfunctions of the digestive system;
• nausea and vomiting.

You must immediately consult a doctor at the first sign of poisoning:

• convulsions;
• nausea;
• discoloration of urine;
• weakness and muscle pain.

Description of the mushroom

The silvery ryadovka belongs to the Tricholomov, Ryadovkov family and its Latin name sounds like Tricholoma scalpturatum, which means “hairy edge”. The genus of the fungus is lamellar above-soil. It is easy to recognize by the cap, which in young representatives of the species has a convex shape, and then, as it grows, becomes rounded bell-shaped with slightly curled edges or flat-convex with a torn, wavy edging. Its color ranges from grayish and greyish brown to dark brown with reddish color. In some areas, there are rows with a yellow, gray or brown hat. Their surface is dry and smooth, and in the center there are small scales of darker shades. The diameter of the cap can reach from 3 to 10 cm.

The fungal hymenophore of the ryadovka consists of plates that grow together with a tooth, which are located rather tightly to each other. Young fruit bodies are distinguished by a white hymenophore, and ripe ones - yellowing from the edges to the center.

On the cut, the flesh of the ryadovka silvery is rather thin and fragile in structure, with a mealy aroma and color.

Most often, the leg of the fungus reaches a height of 4 to 6 cm, and in diameter - no more than 0.5-0.7 cm. Its surface is silky, with barely noticeable villi or shreds, which are the remains of a common blanket. The shape of the stem of this fruiting body is cylindrical, and the color is grayish or whitish.

Description of the mushroom

The bandaged ryadovka, or red ryadovka, is a member of the family Tricholomotaceae of the genus ryadovka (Tricholoma). Popularly known as the skull.

Latin name Tricholoma focale, scientific synonyms: Tricholoma zelleri, Armillaria zelleri.

Hat with a diameter of up to 12-15 cm, medium fleshiness. Young mushrooms have a convex shape, sticky, yellowish color. Over time, it becomes widespread, dry, with a wavy edge drooping down. The color ranges from scarlet to reddish brown with dark radial stripes. In the center of the cap, scales are sometimes visible on the tubercle.

The hymenophore (the so-called lower part of the cap with a spore-bearing layer) consists of plates adhered to the stem with a tooth. They are located often or rarely, changing color from white and cream to grayish or pale yellow. With age, they become covered with dark brown spots, especially closer to the edges. In young specimens, the plates are hidden under a fibrous sheath (blanket), which disintegrates during growth. The flesh on the cut is dense, thick, white, under the skin it is reddish. Tasteless or slightly bitter, with a faint smell of fresh flour. Spores are wide, elliptical, white powder.

The stem is 4–11 cm long, in some specimens it is 14 cm, up to 4 cm in diameter. Straight, fusiform or tapering towards the base, sometimes curved. In the upper part of the leg there is a fibrous reddish ring, above which the surface is smooth or with a slight whitish flocculent bloom. Under the ring - the color of the cap, in soft felt red-brown scales. Young mushrooms have dense legs, old ones have longitudinal fibers and are hollow.

A bit of history

The mushroom was first described in 1838 by the Swede Elias Magnus Fries. In 1879, the German mycologist Adalbert Ricken gave the species the name Tricholoma focale adopted by modern taxonomy.

False doubles

In appearance, the spotted row may look like honey mushrooms, but it has a wider cap and a chunky leg.In appearance, matsutake has a lot in common with a corrugated row, or tied (Tricholoma focale), belonging to the conditionally edible mushrooms of the fourth category. Its cap is also fibrous-scaly, brown in color, there is also a ring on the leg, the flesh is light, fleshy. But unlike the shod ryadovka, it has a short leg that can be easily removed from the ground, and its smell is mealy. The pine mushroom is also very similar to the Sakhalin mushrooms.

All the external features of these types can be seen in the photo.

Comparative table of signs of similar mushrooms

Evaluation of taste, medicinal properties, benefits and possible harm

Most mycologists agree that the bandaged ryadovka is a conditionally edible mushroom with a mediocre taste. It is recommended to eat young specimens after preliminary boiling.

Experienced mushroom pickers are attracted by the strong, beautiful shape of the fruit, which is well preserved during heat treatment and crunches pleasantly.

With a low calorie content (20-22 kcal per 100 g), the rows contain a large amount of protein and biologically active substances:

• fat and water soluble vitamins;
• amino acids;
• minerals;
• antioxidants.

Mushrooms are suitable for dietary nutrition, have a positive effect on metabolism, regulate blood sugar levels, which is especially important in diabetes. Vitamins of group B, which are rich in ryadovki, participate in the synthesis of hemoglobin, improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system

Vitamins of group B, which are rich in ryadovki, participate in the synthesis of hemoglobin, improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Fruit body extracts in the composition of drugs and dietary supplements are effective in the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Regular use of ryadovki strengthens the immune system, accelerates the elimination of toxins and toxins from the body.

What mushrooms can be confused with and how to distinguish

Like many other representatives of the mushroom kingdom, the soap ryadovka has many twins, both edible and toxic, due to the large number of varieties of this family. And in order not to get confused in all this diversity, it is strongly recommended to study the main external characteristics of the variety in question and the species most similar to it even before going into the forest.

Row gray

The most similar to the soap ryadovka is its closest relative ryadovka gray, which is found in the same regions, growing in small colonies. As for the differences, the main ones are that the double has a darker color of its lamellar hymenophore, a greenish color of the cap and a noticeable pink transition in the area of ​​the leg. In addition, this variety has a pungent unpleasant odor, which is felt even when the integrity of the fruit body is preserved.Another distinctive feature of the species is its cold resistance, which also affects the fruiting season, which falls at the end of summer and lasts until late autumn.

At the same time, frosts have practically no effect on the organoleptic properties of the mushroom, which are completely restored during the heat treatment. I am also glad that these fruits are completely edible, so if they accidentally fall into the basket of a novice mushroom picker, then he certainly will not lose from this, especially considering the very good taste of the described variety. As for its unpleasant aroma, it can be partially neutralized during the cooking process, allowing you to use the harvested crop for cooking all kinds of hot dishes and pickles.

Golden row

Another double of the mushroom that smells of laundry soap is the golden ryadovka, which also grows in pine forests and spruce forests, forming mycorrhiza with conifers. However, not without significant differences, the knowledge of which eliminates confusion.

Among them is the absence of yellowness on the cap and a pink tint on the lamellar layer, as well as the presence of a pleasant fresh aroma, according to some sources, cucumber, and according to others, mealy.

It is worth noting that this variety is also edible, so it can be safely eaten, both after preliminary processing and without it.

Greenfinch

It is noteworthy that this variety also smells like fresh cucumbers or just ground wheat, much like a golden row in this regard. Among other features of greenery, it is worth highlighting its yellow-greenish, and sometimes olive color, as well as growing on well-fertilized soil found in birch forests and mixed forest zones. This variety has much in common with the brown ryadovka covered with numerous brown specks, however, unlike the first type, the second has a strong mushroom smell, somewhat reminiscent of raw wood.

Of course, ryadovka is not the most delicious mushroom, although with proper preparation it is possible to get really good snacks worthy of even a festive table. Another thing is that the taste of the soap ryadovka clearly does not justify the risks to which mushroom pickers expose themselves when they decide to independently prepare their forestry.

Description of the pigeon row and differences from the white variety

Latin name:
Tricholoma columbetta.

Family:
Ordinary.

Synonyms:
the row is bluish.

Hat:
hemispherical or bell-shaped, fleshy, in diameter it can reach up to 12 cm. As it grows up, the cap opens and becomes flat, and its edges are bent down. A small bump can often be seen in the center. The surface is sticky, in young specimens it is radial-fibrous with the presence of light scales. The color of the cap is white, sometimes with pinkish or bluish spots.

Leg:
height up to 10 cm, thickness up to 3 cm, round, flat or tapering downward. The surface is silky, smooth, fibrous, dense inside. The color of the stem at the ryadovka is bluish white, and a slight bluish-green tint is noticeable at the base.

Pulp:
elastic, dense, fleshy, white in color. The smell and taste are pleasant, but subtle. Upon contact with air, the pulp of the mushroom becomes pink, and under the influence of high temperature it turns red.

Plates:
free, wide, frequent, at a young age white, and over time acquire a reddish-brown color.

Edibility:
edible mushroom.

Application:
suitable for preparing various dishes and preparations for the winter. The pigeon row is good in soups and sauces. She perfectly decorates the festive table in the form of a pickled or salty snack. The fruiting body is also dried for long-term storage. Many experienced mushroom pickers note that this mushroom gives a unique aroma to meat dishes. However, before cooking, it must be soaked in cold water and then boiled for at least 15 minutes. Both young and adult specimens are used for food.In addition, even those fruit bodies that have survived the first frosts are suitable for processing. Such gustatory qualities induce beginner lovers of "quiet hunting" by all means to study the description and photo of the pigeon ryadovka mushroom, so as not to lose sight of it in the forest.

Similarities and differences:
this species is similar to the white ryadovka (Tricholoma album) - a dangerous poisonous mushroom. However, it is quite easy to notice the differences between the pigeon ryadovka and the white variety. From the latter comes a sharp disgusting smell, which helps to determine the edibility of the mushroom.

Spreading:
the bluish ryadovka is a rather rare species in its family. The mushroom grows mainly in mixed and deciduous forests. Most often it can be seen near birches and oaks. Sometimes it can settle in pastures and meadows. Grows singly or in small groups from August to September.

Systematics:

• Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Tricholomataceae (Tricholomaceae or Ordinary)
• Genus: Tricholoma (Tricholoma or Ryadovka)
• View: Tricholoma columbetta (Pigeon line)
  

Row glaucous

(lat. Tricholoma columbetta
) is a fungus belonging to the Ryadovkov family. The family includes more than one hundred growing mushroom species. The pigeon row is edible and belongs to the genus of hat plate mushrooms. Mushroom pickers rarely come across.

The mushroom is decorated with a large fleshy cap measuring twelve centimeters in diameter. The hemispherical cap of the mushroom opens as it grows, and its ends are bent down. In young mushrooms, the light surface of the cap is covered with scales that match the general color of the mushroom.

The thick, dense pulp of the mushroom becomes pinkish at the fracture. It has a weak taste and smell. The tall, powerful mushroom leg has a dense fibrous structure.

The pigeon row grows singly or in small groups from mid-August to late September in mixed forests. Likes to settle next to oak and birch. Mushroom pickers noticed cases of its growth not only in the forest, but also in meadows and pastures.

This mushroom is used in a wide variety of prepared dishes. A wide variety of soups and sauces are prepared from it. The ryadovka can be grilled and dried for future use, and is also suitable for decorating festive dishes. The ryadovka cooked with meat gives the dish an extraordinary aroma. Among professional culinary experts, it is considered a very tasty mushroom with a peculiar pleasant aroma.

Before cooking, the mushroom is soaked in cold water, after which the skin is removed from its cap. Then a 15-minute thermal treatment is carried out. The row is suitable for harvesting for the winter in salted or pickled form. For cooking, both young and adult mushrooms, as well as the first frosts that have been frozen, are suitable.