Row pointed (Tricholoma virgatum) photo and description

Similar Species

The Ryadovkov family is incredibly diverse, and our heroine has many similar close relatives of varying degrees of edibility.

Row Guilder Tricholoma guldeniae

Externally very similar to Ryadovka the Gray species from the same genus and family. Even seasoned mushroom pickers, sometimes, cannot distinguish them from each other. They bear fruit in the same period and differ, first of all, in habitats. Row Gulden grows in mixed forests on calcareous and loamy soils, loves the neighborhood of fir trees, and is rarely found in a pine forest, next to our heroine. It is also distinguished by the grayish tones of the hymenophore plates, but such grayishness can also appear in Ryadovka Seroy.

Tricholoma guldeniae is named after the famous Norwegian mycologist, belongs to conditionally edible mushrooms, is edible after preliminary boiling, and, according to experts, tastes no worse than Ryadovka Seroy.

Rowing Green Tricholoma equestre

or, popularly, Zelenushka

Rowing Green Tricholoma equestre

Another close relative of our heroine. It differs from it in a pronounced greenish-yellowish color, which persists even after boiling

It is very important that Zelenushka also grows under the pines, and in the same period as the mouse mushroom, therefore they are often found in close groups under the same trees. Many happy gatherers, stumbling into a pine forest on a huge joint colony of mice and greenfinches, without looking, put them in common handfuls in their basket

Zelenushka is a conditionally edible mushroom, and is also quite tasty, but requires more stringent preliminary preparation - thoroughly rinse and boil. Greenfinch has many loyal fans, but if you treat it in a slovenly way, you can seriously pay. Cases of serious poisoning with seizures and pain have been reported.

Row Zemisto - Gray Tricholoma Terreum

Another not harmless relative of our heroine. It is very similar in color, but its cap is less fleshy and silky to the touch, and does not become sticky in wet weather. It grows in approximately the same conditions, and in the same period as Ryadovka Seraya, and, most importantly, has the same nickname among the people - "mouse", which makes it easier to confuse them. Tricholoma Terreum in the south of the country, in the Crimea, can bear fruit even until February and is very popular there. At the same time, it contains toxins that can lead to kidney failure and damage to muscle tissue, so it must be very well washed and boiled before use and not consumed in too much.

Row Pointed Tricholoma Virgatum

Also a close relative of Ryadovka Gray, very similar in shade to the cap, but the tubercle in the center is sharper, and the cap itself is slightly more conical and even at the edges. The pulp of this mushroom does not have a pronounced smell, but it tastes pungently, so it is completely unsuitable for food, although it is not poisonous.

Row Soap Tricholoma Saponaceum

It has such a funny name for the smell of laundry soap emitted by its pulp. Her taste cannot be called particularly pleasant, but some lovers salt this mushroom with horseradish and garlic, after a long preliminary boiling, in which the smell of soap only intensifies. Ryadovka Soapaya is very similar to our heroine, it also grows in coniferous forests, but it differs in olive tones of the cap, darker plates, and, most importantly, its flesh turns very red at the break.

Gray Ryadovka - the main mushroom of late autumn

Seraya Ryadovka is one of the most delicious representatives of the very diverse and multifaceted mushroom family of Ryadovkovs, and its unique frost resistance makes this gray pine mouse the main mushroom of late autumn.

Description of the mushroom ryadovka poplar

The fungus is characteristic of the rowers of the shape of the fruiting body, if it grows, it grows massively, under poplars or in the presence of poplars. Differs in a characteristic pleasant mealy aroma.

When and where does poplar rowing grow?

So far, this mushroom has come across to me only once, on November 2, 2015.Under poplars and willows on the banks of the Desna River in Brovarsky District.

Why is the poplar rowing bitter?

Familiar mushroom pickers explained that the taste of poplar rowing depends on the trees next to which these mushrooms grow. More specifically, the poplar ryadovka that grows under the aspen is not bitter. And under the poplars it can be very bitter, almost inedible. It is advisable to immediately taste the pulp of raw poplar, while still in the forest gnawing a little raw mushroom - this will help determine the cooking method and, in general, decide whether you intend to take this mushroom home or limit yourself to, say, photographing.

There is also an opinion that the bitterness in taste depends on the presence of rains (supposedly in dry weather the mushroom is bitter, but in rainy weather it is not, but it raises deep doubts, because once we compared the subfields collected practically on the same day on the same area, but one batch was bitter, and the second was not

Therefore, we discard this version and mention it only in order to draw attention to its inconsistency.

How to cook poplar rowing?

The fact is that if the poplar is bitter, then the bitterness can be felt even after frying or stewing. Friends advised me to pre-boil the mushroom twice for 20 minutes, but this did not help. And then it is better to use this mushroom for pickling or pickling. For example, among the sub-field marinated in early November, the bitterness practically disappeared by mid-February, while they were waiting for their fate in the banks. Another option for preparing such rows of poplar is a variation of various pickles "in Korean", with the use of hot spices such as chili, ginger and garlic, which will hide the bitterness.

A high-quality poplar ryadovka has no bitterness, and then it is quite suitable for stewing in sour cream or on a roast. True, in terms of consistency, this mushroom is much harder than the more common and familiar mushrooms, and connoisseurs advise using underfields, for example, in pies or dumplings, taking as a basis recipes with meat offal and replacing them with underfields.

Video to the description of the poplar rowing

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lovers of quiet hunting

The ryadovka mushroom, photo and description of which can be seen below, has long been appreciated by mushroom pickers. But he is fraught with danger, because there are edible and inedible rows, therefore, when collecting these mushrooms, you need to be very careful and careful. Edible rows are often found in the forests of the temperate zone and bear fruit in large groups in the fall. Fruiting peaks in September and early October.

Mushroom ryadovka has long been valued by mushroom pickers

Most often in the forests there are purple ryadovka, gray, lilac-legged, giant, as well as crowded and yellow-red. Gray and crowded ryadovki are famous for their taste. Yellow-red is not so tasty, nevertheless, all types of edible rows are worth trying.

It is also called titmouse or cyanosis. A distinctive feature of this mushroom is the discoloration of the cap during maturation. Initially, a bright purple or even brown cap, when ripe, becomes lavender with a brownish tint. The shape of the cap also changes: initially it looks like a hemisphere, but then it becomes prostrate or even concave, while the edges are still bent down. The stem of the mushroom is cylindrical, its height ranges from 3 to 8 cm, and its diameter is from 0.7 to 2 cm.

The pulp of the mushroom is dense, has a strong aroma. You can find purple ryadovka mushrooms almost anywhere, but most of them are in coniferous and mixed forests. In such forests, rows should be looked for in open areas on humus. These mushrooms grow in groups or circles. They are frost resistant and grow until late autumn.

Under no circumstances should you pick these mushrooms in the city, because they actively absorb various pollutants, especially heavy metals.

You can cook blues in any way, but it is advisable to boil them a little before cooking.These mushrooms are very useful, they contain a lot of vitamins, and they are also used to prepare some antibiotics. You can see what the bruises look like in photo 1.

general description

Mushrooms belonging to the genus Ryadovka of the family of rowers is one of the largest and most heterogeneous families of the agaric order, which includes about 90 genera. However, in everyday life ryadovka is called not only representatives of the Ryadovka genus proper, but also species from other genera of the Ryadovkov family, which bear fruit in rows or some other clusters, for example, talkers, calocybe, lepists and some others.

About 100 species of the genus Ryadovka are known in Europe. The fruit bodies of the rowers are predominantly medium or large, occasionally small. A small number of species have a common veil; most do not. The cap is generally fleshy, convex, often with a flattened wide tubercle in the center. The leg is not thin, without a ring. The hymenophore is lamellar, the plates are adherent, mostly light-colored. Spores are colorless, smooth, white spore powder.

Most of the rowings are typical forest dwellers, growing mainly on soil. According to the ecological status, the rowers are mainly symbiotrophs (mycorrhizal formers), form mycorrhiza with deciduous and coniferous woody plants. Contrary to the widespread belief that all ryadovki are edible, there are both inedible and poisonous species among them.

Rows prefer sandy soils of mixed and coniferous forests. Distributed throughout Eurasia. The fruiting period lasts from August to October.

Pointed row ((Tricholoma virgatum): description and distribution

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the description and photo of the pointed row mushroom, so that you have the opportunity to distinguish the poisonous species from the edible gray row.

Latin name: Tricholoma virgatum.

Family: Ordinary (Tricholomataceae).

Synonyms: mouse row, striped row.

Hat: in diameter varies from 4 cm to 8 cm, sometimes it is 10 cm. A photo of a mouse row mushroom shows that the shape of the cap is bell-conical. At a more mature age, it becomes hump-shaped and convex. The color is ash gray, much darker in the central part, with a cone in the middle and with striped edges.

Leg: diameter from 0.5 cm to 2, sometimes up to 2.5 cm. A striped or pointed leg has a length of 5 to 8 cm. The shape is cylindrical, slightly thickened at the base. The color is white or gray, with clearly visible longitudinal stripes.

Flesh: When young, soft with a whitish-gray color. Then it becomes white, acquires a bitter taste and an unpleasant flour smell.

Plates: wide, frequent, deeply indentable, adherent to the pedicle with a tooth. They are white or gray in color, in adulthood they become gray. White spore powder with wide and oblong spores.

Application: Poisonous ryadovka pointed is not used in cooking because of its bitterness and chemicals harmful to the human body.

Distribution: grows in the same areas as the edible ryadovka gray - moist deciduous and coniferous forests. The harvesting season begins in September and ends at the first frost.

Similarities and differences: the pointed row is disguised as an edible mushroom - the row is gray, or earthy gray.

Medicinal properties and contraindications

Pine horns are endowed with many healing qualities and are used in folk medicine. They contain a large amount of folic acid, potassium, magnesium, ergothioneine, lecithin, polysaccharides, protein, natural antibiotics (fomecin, clitocin), vitamins of various groups.

Row spotted reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood, strengthens the immune system, is the prevention of diabetes, has a powerful antioxidant effect. She copes with hypertension, viral diseases, it is recommended for admission for diseases of the joints, genitourinary system, infertility, gastric ulcer, atherosclerosis.It is used for various external problems - wounds, bites, bedsores.

The fungus is able to overcome more serious ailments: it is used in complex therapy for malignant tumors, in the last stages of oncological diseases. Pine ryadovka has proven itself as a natural cosmetic product. Its extract improves the appearance of the skin, brightens it, and removes unwanted pigmentation. The agent reduces the activity of tyrosinase, which synthesizes melanin, while not having side effects.

In matsutaka per 100 g - 28 kcal:

proteins - 3.9 g;
fat - 0.7 g;
carbohydrates - 1 g;
dietary fiber - 1.2 g;
ash - 0.8 g;
water - 89.5 g.

It also contains glucose (0.2 g) and fructose (1.5 g) per 100 g.

In its chemical composition, the exotic mushroom is close to meat, which makes it a product indicated for consumption by vegetarians. Its low fat content allows those who follow a diet to regulate their weight without harm to health.

The shod rowing has no special contraindications. It is possible that only poisoning with it during long-term storage or individual intolerance to its components. In the latter case, the mushroom should not be consumed.

Tincture on vodka or alcohol: indications for use

Matsutake tincture is taken for the treatment of malignant diseases, tumors.

Recipe 1

Components:

vodka - 500 ml;
Japanese truffles - 5 kg.

Preparation:

Raw materials should be cleaned from dirt and washed.
Put in a glass bowl, pour over with vodka.
Insist for 2 weeks in a place protected from direct sunlight.

The infusion can be used externally and orally:

Soak a piece of gauze folded in four or more in the solution. Put it on the problem area, remove it after 30 minutes.
Internal reception is carried out by the "slide" method. The first time you need to drink one drop. The next day, another one is added to it. The total number is brought to 25. Then the dose is reduced in the reverse order.

Recipe 2 (for external use)

Components:

spotted rows - 100 g;
petroleum jelly or melted lard - 200 g

How to prepare correctly:

Chop the mushrooms and combine with the base.
Store in a cool place for 10 days.
After that, it can be used to lubricate sore spots at night. In the morning, cleanse the skin of residues.

How to apply in oncology

In the Land of the Rising Sun, shod ryadovka is considered the best anti-cancer agent, used for blood diseases. And the healers of the Celestial Empire are convinced that the fruits have the greatest healing power within 48 hours after collection, it is during this period that they have the maximum effect in leukemia. Moreover, young, full-fledged specimens are used. You need to eat the mushroom raw, cut into thin slices. Or dry it at a temperature not exceeding 50 ºС, then it will retain all its healing properties.

Mature mushrooms, the cap of which has opened, no longer possess such power and are used as a prophylactic anticancer agent that cleans the body of radionuclides and carcinogenic substances.

Mushroom ryadovka openkovidny or bandaged (tricholoma focale): photo and description, distribution and application

A row of honeydew-shaped or tied - a very rare lamellar representative of the mushroom "kingdom", which forms mycorrhiza with pine. It is classified as conditionally edible, which means that this fruit body can be eaten after thorough heat treatment.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the appearance of the honeycomb ryadka thanks to the photo and description.

Description of the row of crimson (bandaged)

Latin name: Tricholoma Focale.

Family: Ordinary.

Synonyms: bandaged ryadovka, skull. Latin synonyms: Armillaria zelleri, Tricholoma zelleri.

Hat: 5 to 10 cm in diameter, sometimes up to 12 cm.

Young specimens have a convex cap, but as they mature, it straightens out and becomes convex-outstretched, and then almost flat.Sometimes fibrous-scaly, the edges are often cracking, sometimes you can observe the remnants of a flocculent blanket on their surface.

The photo shows that the bandaged row has a reddish-brown, orange-red or brick-brown hat, the edges of which are lowered down.

Leg: long (from 4 to 10 cm) and thick (up to 3 cm in diameter), cylindrical, fusiform, sometimes narrowed at the base. At a young age, the structure is hard and dense, and at an old age it becomes hollow, longitudinally fibrous.

The leg of the row of the honeycomb is shown in the photo below:

Pulp: white, dense, firm, has a weak smell of fresh flour and slightly bitter taste, sometimes completely tasteless. As for the stalk of the mushroom ryadovka honeycomb, here the pulp is fibrous. Under the skin, the pulp has a slight reddish tint.

Blades: notched, frequent, partially adhered to the peduncle, white or slightly yellowish. In young specimens, the plates are completely hidden under a fibrous cover of a reddish-brown hue. With age, this veil breaks, leaving traces.

Spores: ovate or globular, white.

Edible: conditionally edible mushroom, but abroad it is classified as poisonous. Can be eaten only after preliminary heat treatment. After boiling for 30 minutes, the broth must be drained, without the possibility of further use.

Similarities and differences: it is almost impossible to confuse with any poisonous representative. The only species that looks like a bandaged row is the white-brown row (Tricholoma albobrunneum). The latter also grows in groups, preferring pines.

However, these species have noticeable differences: the white-brown row has a very strong bitterness and an unusual two-zone, even leg. Although there is information that this mushroom is boiled and then eaten.

A photo and description of the mushroom ryadovka honeydew will help to correctly distinguish it from inedible similar species.

Application and distribution of a row

Application: applied fresh (after boiling), fried, salted and pickled. In addition, the tied row produces delicious mushroom caviar, as well as first courses.

Distribution: grows in pine forests, preferring green mosses and sandy soils. Grows in small groups or singly from mid-August to mid-October.

Some specimens can grow even after the first snows, but the weather does not allow them to ripen to the end for spores to appear. The fungus is widespread in the forests of Europe and North America.

Those mushroom pickers who are familiar with the appearance and taste of the tied row (Tricholoma Focale) note that this is a very beautiful, strong fruit body. In addition, this representative has a juicy, dense pulp that does not wrinkle or crumble.

Many people are impressed by the honeycomb ryadovka, because its structure perfectly tolerates both heat treatment and freezing. Thanks to this feature, the mushroom has a great advantage - unique crunchiness. Experienced lovers of "quiet hunting" note that it is better to use young and closed fruiting bodies.

Sometimes the smell of ryadovka is not pleasant to all "fans" of mushroom dishes, but this is fixable - you can get rid of the specific aroma with the help of spices and herbs.

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Where mouse rows grow

Mouse ryadovka is a mushroom with late fruiting, the main growth occurs at the end of September, October. In the coniferous forest, it forms mycorrhiza with larch, pine, less often spruce. In mixed massifs can be found near oak or beech. A rich soil composition is not required for growth; the species can bear fruit on scarce acidic soils.

Forms fruiting bodies in small groups of 3-5 pieces. They are arranged in a row or form semicircles.The distribution area is quite extensive, mouse rows are found in the European part of Russia, central regions, often found in Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories, and Crimea.

Description and photos of purple row mushrooms:

Row purple (Lepista nuda)

Synonyms: naked lepist, titmouse, cyanosis.

It is noteworthy that about a month before the beginning of fruiting, the purple ryadovka mycelium emerges on the surface of the forest litter. So to speak, it carries out reconnaissance in force. At first, the mycelium is almost white, pale bluish, but rather quickly turns into a light purple color characteristic of the fungus itself. Having found such a purple "cotton wool" enveloped in rotten needles and leaves, you can confidently take a note of the cherished place and come here in season for a guaranteed harvest.

The blues owe their pleasant fruity sweetish taste to the sugar trehalose, which is also found in meadow mushrooms. Cultivated in a number of countries.

Description of the purple row:

One of the most popular and most delicious late autumn rows. The cap is 4-20 cm in diameter, flat-convex, with a thin curved edge, naked, smooth, watery, moist, thick-fleshed. The color of the cap is necessarily with a significant proportion of violet: bright, dark or purple-violet, sometimes with an admixture of brown, in the center - brown-violet. Plates are frequent, purple, later light purple to pale lilac.

The pulp is thick, dense, bright purple, with age it fades like a cap or even stronger, the taste and smell are pleasant. Stem 3-10 x 0.7-3 cm, dense, cylindrical, slightly thickened below, covered with purple-brown felt mycelium at the base, purple at an early age, later lightening, whitish-mealy under the cap, sometimes hollow with age.

It is found throughout the temperate forest zone of Russia, in forests on soil and forest litter. Autumn mushroom, bears fruit in large groups from early September to late November (with peaks after the first cold in September and early October), often everywhere.

Healing properties of purple ryadovka:

The mushroom is high in vitamin B, stearic acid and ergosterol.

The extract of the cultural mycelium of this talker has anticancer properties and inhibits the growth of sarcoma-180 by 90% in laboratory animals, and Ehrlich's carcinoma by 100%. It has a strong cytotoxic effect on human cells of the L-1210 tumor line; in culture, it can inhibit the development of MCF-7 breast cancer and Walker 256 sarcoma.

The antibacterial action targets both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The growth of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus enteretidis is inhibited. Antifungal activity was also found (suppresses Candida albicans).

Contains vitamin B, effective against beriberi disease, lowers blood glucose levels. Currently, on the basis of purple ryadovka, a dietary drug is being developed to control hypoglycemia.

In addition, ryadovka violet has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity, promotes platelet aggregation and increases the body's resistance to the influenza virus.

In Chinese medicine, regular consumption of food is believed to help maintain the nervous system. It is also used to regulate sugar metabolism, treat spleen, rheumatism and dermatophytosis of the legs.

It is not assembled for medicinal purposes in Russia.

Cooking Uses:

Edible and tasty mushroom, does not require (from our point of view) preliminary boiling. It is used for preparing first and second courses, snacks, salads, fillings.

Information about the allergenicity or toxicity of the violet row, which appeared at different times from different authors, has now been refuted by a number of studies.However, you should be aware that bruises are one of the most active bioaccumulators of anthropogenic pollution (ranked third after May mushroom and pigs), primarily heavy metals (tin, copper, mercury, cadmium). Therefore, you should avoid collecting them in city parks and in forests near industrial sites.