Xeromphalina campanulate (xeromphalina campanella s.l.)

Xeromphaline bell-shaped: description and photo

Xeromphalina campanella or omphalina campanulate is a mushroom that belongs to the numerous genus Xeromphalina, the Mycene family. It has a hymenophore with rudimentary plates.

What do bell-shaped xeromphalins look like?

This mushroom is very small. The size of its cap is similar to 1–2 kopeck coins, and does not exceed 2 cm in diameter. The color of the bell-shaped xeromphaline is orange or yellowish-brown.

The hat has a rounded convex shape with a characteristic depression in the center, and is translucent at the edges. In older specimens, it can fully straighten or even curl upward. Rare plates descend along the pedicle; they are yellowish-orange or cream colored. On closer inspection, you can see the transverse veins connecting the plates to each other. The surface of the cap is smooth, shiny, radially striped due to the plates translucent from below, in the center its color is more saturated - dark brown, at the edges - lighter.

A very thin fibrous stem is 0.1-0.2 cm thick and 1 to 3 cm high. In the upper part it is colored yellow, and in the lower part it is orange-brown with fine white pubescence along the entire length. The leg has a cylindrical shape, slightly widened at the top, with a noticeable thickening at the base. The flesh of the mushroom is thin, reddish-yellow, without a pronounced odor.

Where do bell-shaped xeromphalins grow

They grow on decaying wood, most often pine or spruce. In the forest, they are found in numerous colonies. These mushrooms are typical for a natural zone with a temperate continental climate, where the average air temperature in July does not exceed 18 ° C, and the winters are severe and cold. The coniferous forests of these latitudes are called taiga. Bright orange caps are easy to spot on stumps in May. The fruiting season lasts from late spring to the end of autumn.

Is it possible to eat bell-shaped xeromphalin

Nothing is known about the edibility of the mushroom. Research in the laboratory has not been carried out, and experts do not advise trying to taste unfamiliar representatives of the mushroom kingdom, very similar to the deadly poisonous gallerinas. Due to its small size, the mushroom cannot be of nutritional value.

How to distinguish bell-shaped xeromphalins

The genus Xeromphalin has 30 species, of which only three are found in Western Siberia - K. bell-shaped, K. stalk-shaped, and K. Cornu. It is rather difficult to distinguish these mushrooms, the most reliable way is microscopic examination.

Xeromphaline bell-shaped differs from the other two representatives of its genus, growing on the territory of Russia, in earlier and longer fruiting. The other two species appear only in the middle of summer. These mushrooms also have no nutritional value due to their small size, they are inedible.

An inexperienced mushroom picker may confuse the bell-shaped xeromphaline with the deadly poisonous gallery bordered. However, the latter is slightly larger in size, its cap does not have a depression in the middle and transparency, due to which the lamellar hymenophore is well visible.

Conclusion

Xeromphaline campanulate grows in coniferous forests from May to November. Most often, the mushroom can be found in the spring, the first wave of fruiting is the most abundant.This species does not represent nutritional value due to its tiny size, and nothing is known about its toxicity.

Xeromphaline bell-shaped

Xeromphaline bell-shaped - X. campanella (Fr.) Maire

The cap is 0.5-2 cm in diameter, first bell-shaped, then half-spread, depressed in the center, yellow-brown, with a reddish or rusty tinge, watery, membranous, striped along the edge. Descending plates, yellowish or creamy-buffy, may be of the same color as the cap. Stem 3-3.5 cm high, about 0.2 cm wide, slender, even, horn-shaped, at the top of the same color with a cap, at the bottom brownish, hairy-bristly.

Grows in large groups on stumps and dead trunks of deciduous, less often conifers. June-October. Throughout Russia. Inedible.

Table 30

Table 30 154 - bell-shaped xeromphaline; 155 - pure mycena; 156 - striped mycene; 157 - inclined mycene; 158 - blood-legged mycene; 159 - pink mycena.

Encyclopedia of the Nature of Russia. - M .: ABF. L.V. Garibova, I.I. Sidorov. 1999.

See what "Xeromphaline bell-shaped" is in other dictionaries:

Xeromphaline - Xeromphaline ... Wikipedia

Xeromphalina genus - Xeromphalina Kuehner et Maire Fruit bodies are small. Caps 0.5 to 2 cm in diameter, bell-shaped, with a dimple at the top, with a translucent striped edge. The plates descending along the stem, bowl of the same color with the cap. Spore powder is white. Legs ... ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Mycena pure - Mycena pura (Fr.) Kumm see also Mycena genus Mycena (Fr.) S. F. Gray Mycena pure M. pura (Fr.) Kumm. The cap is 2 4 cm in diameter, bell-shaped in young ones, prostrate near mature fruiting bodies, ribbed along the edge, smooth, lilac pink or ... ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Mycena striped - Mycena polygramma (Fr.) SF Gray see also Mycena genus Mycena (Fr.) SF Gray Mycena striped M. polygramma (Fr.) SF Gray Hat 1.5 2.5 cm in diameter, bell-shaped, ribbed, with a high tubercle, often with an uneven toothed ... ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Inclined mycena - Mycena inclinata (Fr.) Quel see also Mycena genus Mycena (Fr.) S. F. Gray Inclined mycena M. inclinata (Fr.) Quel. The cap is 2 2.5 cm in diameter, bell-shaped, grayish-brownish. The discs are pronged, off-white. Leg 5 8 cm ... ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Mycena blood-legged, red-legged Kshpsh - Mycena blood-legged, red-legged Mycena haematopoda (Fr.) The hat is 2 5 cm in diameter, bell-shaped, slightly striped, with ... ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Mycena pink - Mycena rosella (Fr.) Kumm see also Genus mycena Mycena (Fr.) S. F. Gray Mycena pink M. rosella (Fr.) Kumm. The entire fruiting body is pink, later turns pale and becomes fawn. The hat is 0.7-1 cm in diameter, broadly bell-shaped, with a little ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Table 30 - 154 xeromphalin campaniform; 155 mycene pure; 156 mycene striped; 157 inclined mycene; 158 blood-legged mycene; 159 pink mycena ... Mushrooms of Russia. Directory

Hat (mycology) - This term has other meanings, see Hat. Champignon caps Mushroom cap (lat. ... Wikipedia

Definitioner

Basidia (Basidia)

Lat. Basidia. A specialized structure of sexual reproduction in fungi, inherent only in Basidiomycetes. Basidia are terminal (end) elements of hyphae of various shapes and sizes, on which spores develop exogenously (outside).

Basidia are diverse in structure and method of attachment to hyphae.

According to the position relative to the axis of the hypha, to which they are attached, three types of basidia are distinguished:

Apical basidia are formed from the terminal cell of the hypha and are located parallel to its axis.

Pleurobasidia are formed from lateral processes and are located perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which continues to grow and can form new processes with basidia.

Subasidia are formed from a lateral process, turned perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which, after the formation of one basidium, stops its growth.

Based on morphology:

Holobasidia - unicellular basidia, not divided by septa (see Fig. A, D.).

Phragmobasidia are divided by transverse or vertical septa, usually into four cells (see Fig.B, C).

By type of development:

Heterobasidia consists of two parts - hypobasidia and epibasidia developing from it, with or without partitions (see Fig. C, B) (see Fig. D).

Homobasidia is not divided into hypo- and epibasidia and in all cases is considered holobasidia (Fig. A).

Basidia is the place of karyogamy, meiosis and the formation of basidiospores. Homobasidia, as a rule, is not functionally divided, and meiosis follows karyogamy in it. However, basidia can be divided into probasidia - the site of karyogamy and metabasidia - the site of meiosis. Probasidium is often a dormant spore, for example in rust fungi. In such cases, probazidia grows with metabasidia, in which meiosis occurs and on which basidiospores are formed (see Fig. E).

See Karyogamy, Meiosis, Gifa.

Pileipellis

Lat. Pileipellis, skin - differentiated surface layer of the cap of agaricoid basidiomycetes. The structure of the skin in most cases differs from the inner flesh of the cap and may have a different structure. The structural features of pileipellis are often used as diagnostic features in descriptions of fungi species.

According to their structure, they are divided into four main types: cutis, trichoderma, hymeniderma and epithelium.

See Agaricoid fungi, Basidiomycete, Cutis, Trichoderma, Gimeniderm, Epithelium.

Cutis

The type of cap skin, consists of creeping non-gelatinized hyphae located parallel to the surface. The surface of the cap looks smooth.

Lat. Cutis.

See Gifa.

Anastomoses (Anastomosis)

1) Fusion of cells of branched hyphae or germ tubes of germinating spores;

2) Connecting the plates of the fruiting bodies of the mushrooms with jumpers.

Amyloid (Amyloid structure)

The structure is called amyloid if from Melzer's reagent (solution of 0.5 g of crystalline iodine + 1.5 g of potassium iodide + 20 ml of chloral hydrate + 20 ml of distilled water) turns blue, violet, sometimes almost black.

See Dextrinoid structure.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

• Heimiomyces Singer, 1942
• Omphalia subsect. Campanellae Sacc., 1887
• Omphalopsis Earle, 1909, nom. illeg.
• Phlebomarasmius R. Heim, 1967
• Valetinia Velen., 1939

Views

• Xeromphalina amara E. Horak & J. Peter, 1964
• Xeromphalina aspera Maas Geest., 1992
• Xeromphalina austroandina Singer, 1965
• Xeromphalina brunneola O.K. Mill., 1968
• Xeromphalina campanella (Batsch) Kühner & Maire, 1934 - Xeromphalina campanulate
• Xeromphalina campanelloides Redhead, 1988
• Xeromphalina cauticinalis (With. Ex Fr.) Kühner & Maire, 1934 - Xeromphalina yellow, or stem-like
• Xeromphalina cirris Redhead, 1988
• Xeromphalina cornui (Quél.) J.Favre, 1936 - Carob xeromphalina, or granular
• Xeromphalina curtipes Hongo, 1962
• Xeromphalina disseminata E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina fellea Maire & Malençon, 1945 - Bitter Xeromphalina
• Xeromphalina fraxinophila A.H.Sm., 1953
• Xeromphalina fulvipes (Murrill) A.H.Sm., 1953
• Xeromphalina helbergeri Singer, 1952
• Xeromphalina javanica E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina junipericola G. Moreno & Heykoop, 1996
• Xeromphalina kauffmanii A.H.Sm., 1953
• Xeromphalina leonina (Massee) E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina melizea E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina mesopora Singer, 1938
• Xeromphalina nubium Redhead & Halling, 1987
• Xeromphalina nudicaulis Maas Geest. & E. Horak, 1995
• Xeromphalina orickiana (A.H.Sm.) Singer, 1951
• Xeromphalina parvibulbosa (Kauffman & A.H.Sm.) Redhead, 1988
• Xeromphalina picta (Fr.) A.H.Sm., 1953
• Xeromphalina podocarpi E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina pruinatipes (Singer) Raithelh., 1991
• Xeromphalina pumanquensis M.M. Moser, 1972
• Xeromphalina racemosa G. Stev. & G.M. Taylor, 1964
• Xeromphalina setulipes Esteve-Rav. & G. Moreno, 2010
• Xeromphalina tenuipes (Schwein.) A.H.Sm., 1953
• Xeromphalina testacea E. Horak, 1980
• Xeromphalina tropicalis Singer, 1989
• Xeromphalina yungensis Singer, 1989